basic BGP in Huawei CLI part 2

This article is a continuation of the basic BGP with Huawei CLI.

Today I want to explain you, why labnarioR5 router cannot ping BGP prefixes advertised by
BGP AS50. Do you remember our BGP topology? I have configured BGP protocol as in the
picture below:

There are three BGP Autonomous Systems: AS50, AS100 and AS55. All are connected via
EBGP peering sessions. AS100 has three routers forming IBGP full mesh. LabnarioR1 router
in AS50 advertises three prefixes:

11.10.10.0/24
12.10.10.0/24
13.10.10.0/24

All these prefixes are advertised by the routers in AS100 and pass to AS55. LabnarioR5
router has these prefixes in its BGP and routing tables, but cannot ping them. Why is it like
that?

As the first step I want to check labnarioR5 routers routing and BGP tables:

<labnarioR5>dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 10 Routes : 10

Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

11.10.10.0/24 EBGP 255 0 D 155.100.35.3 Serial0/0/0

12.10.10.0/24 EBGP 255 0 D 155.100.35.3 Serial0/0/0
13.10.10.0/24 EBGP 255 0 D 155.100.35.3 Serial0/0/0
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
155.100.35.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 155.100.35.5 Serial0/0/0
155.100.35.3/32 Direct 0 0 D 155.100.35.3 Serial0/0/0
155.100.35.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Serial0/0/0
 155.100.45.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 155.100.45.5 Ethernet0/0/0
155.100.45.5/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Ethernet0/0/0

It looks like labnarioR5 has all three prefixes installed in its routing table. Lets see BGP table:

<labnarioR5>dis bgp routing-table

BGP Local router ID is 155.100.45.5

Status codes: * - valid, > - best, d - damped,
h - history, i - internal, s - suppressed, S - Stale
Origin : i - IGP, e - EGP, ? - incomplete

Total Number of Routes: 6

Network NextHop MED LocPrf PrefVal Path/Ogn

*> 11.10.10.0/24 155.100.35.3 0 100 50i

* 155.100.45.4 0 100 50i
*> 12.10.10.0/24 155.100.35.3 0 100 50i
* 155.100.45.4 0 100 50i
*> 13.10.10.0/24 155.100.35.3 0 100 50i
* 155.100.45.4 0 100 50i

It looks like labnarioR5 has all three prefixes installed in its both BGP and routing tables. So,
is my BGP protocol configured correctly? Yes it is.

When troubleshooting routing issues, it is helpful to use the ICMP protocol with the ICMP
debugging. I will try to debug ICMP on labnarioR1 and check, what the source IP address of
the ICMP packet sent by the labnarioR5 router is:

<labnarioR1>debugging ip icmp
<labnarioR1>terminal monitor
<labnarioR1>terminal debugging

Now I can ping BGP prefix from R5 router:

[labnarioR5]ping 11.10.10.1
PING 11.10.10.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Request time out
Request time out
Request time out

Lets check debugging output on labnarioR1:

<labnarioR1>
Mar 4 2013 21:44:46.710.1-08:00 labnarioR1 IP/7/debug_icmp:
ICMP Receive: echo(Type=8, Code=0), Src = 155.100.35.5, Dst = 11.10.10.1, ICMP I
d = 0xabd3, ICMP Seq = 3

Mar 4 2013 21:44:46.710.2-08:00 labnarioR1 IP/7/debug_icmp:

ICMP Send: echo-reply(Type=0, Code=0), Src = 11.10.10.1, Dst = 155.100.35.5, ICM
P Id = 0xabd3, ICMP Seq = 3

To successfully send ICMP reply packet, labnarioR1 has to be able to reach the source IP
address of the packet. Lets check if 155.100.35.0/24 prefix exists in its routing table:

<labnarioR1>dis ip routing-table
Route Flags: R - relay, D - download to fib
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Routing Tables: Public
Destinations : 10 Routes : 10
Destination/Mask Proto Pre Cost Flags NextHop Interface

11.10.10.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 11.10.10.1 LoopBack0

11.10.10.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
12.10.10.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 12.10.10.1 LoopBack1
12.10.10.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack1
13.10.10.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 13.10.10.1 LoopBack2
13.10.10.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 LoopBack2
127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0
150.100.12.0/24 Direct 0 0 D 150.100.12.1 Ethernet0/0/0
150.100.12.1/32 Direct 0 0 D 127.0.0.1 Ethernet0/0/0

LabnarioR1 does not know how to reach the 155.100.35.0/24 network. How to solve this
problem?

There are two different solutions. The easiest way is to just advertise 155.100.35.0/24 network
in the BGP protocol. The second one is to configure additional IGP protocol between our
routers and advertise all the connected networks. I will use the first solution:

[labnarioR5]bgp 55
[labnarioR5-bgp]network 155.100.35.0 255.255.255.0
[labnarioR5-bgp]

Now I can try to ping BGP network once again:

[labnarioR5-bgp]ping 11.10.10.1
PING 11.10.10.1: 56 data bytes, press CTRL_C to break
Reply from 11.10.10.1: bytes=56 Sequence=1 ttl=253 time=110 ms
Reply from 11.10.10.1: bytes=56 Sequence=2 ttl=253 time=80 ms
Reply from 11.10.10.1: bytes=56 Sequence=3 ttl=253 time=60 ms
Reply from 11.10.10.1: bytes=56 Sequence=4 ttl=253 time=70 ms
Reply from 11.10.10.1: bytes=56 Sequence=5 ttl=253 time=70 ms

--- 11.10.10.1 ping statistics ---

5 packet(s) transmitted
5 packet(s) received
0.00% packet loss
round-trip min/avg/max = 60/78/110 ms

Now labnarioR5 can successfully ping BGP networks advertised by labnarioR1.