Question

1. 25.0 mL of aqueous sodium hydroxide solution of unknown concentration was placed in the
conical (erlenmeyer) flask.
The burette (buret) was filled to the 50 mL mark with 0.10 mol L-1 aqueous hydrochloric acid
solution.
The sodium hydroxide solution was neutralised when 20.0 mL of hydrochloric acid had been
added.
Determine the concentration of the sodium hydroxide solution.

2. 50.0 mL of 0.20 mol L-1 NaOH was placed in the conical (erlenmeyer) flask.
The burette (buret) was filled with sulfuric acid of unknown concentration.
After determining that the volume of acid required to neutralise the sodium hydroxide was about
22 mL, the experiment was repeated 3 times and the following results obtained:

volume of H2SO4(aq)
Experiment
(mL)
1 20.2
2 19.8
3 20.0

Determine the concentration of the sulfuric acid.

3. 25.0 mL of Ba(OH)2(aq) of unknown concentration was placed in the conical (erlenmeyer)
flask. The burette (buret) was filled with 0.062 mol L-1 nitric acid.
A titration was performed quickly to determine that about 45 mL of nitric acid was required to
neutralise the barium hydroxide.
3 more titrations were performed very carefully to determine the volume of nitric acid required,
the results of these experiments are shown below.

final volume
initial volume
Experiment of HNO3(aq)
of HNO3(aq) (mL)
(mL)
1 49.9 9.8
2 48.5 8.5
3 50.0 10.1

Determine the concentration of the barium hydroxide solution.

1. A student was asked to determine the concentration of ammonia, a volatile substance, in a
commercially available cloudy ammonia solution used for cleaning.
First the student pipetted 25.00 mL of the cloudy ammonia solution into a 250.0 mL conical flask.
50.00 mL of 0.100 mol L-1 HCl(aq) was immediately added to the conical flask which reacted with the
ammonia in solution.
The excess (unreacted) HCl was then titrated with 0.050 mol L-1 Na2CO3(aq).
21.50 mL of Na2CO3(aq) was required.
Calculate the concentration of the ammonia in the cloudy ammonia solution.

2. A student was asked to determine the mass, in grams, of calcium carbonate present in a 0.125 g
sample of chalk.
The student placed the chalk sample in a 250 mL conical flask and added 50.00 mL of 0.200 mol L-1 HCl
using a pipette.
The excess HCl was then titrated with 0.250 mol L-1 NaOH.
The average NaOH titre was 32.12 mL
Calculate the mass of calcium carbonate, in grams, present in the chalk sample.

3.