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Volume: 3 Issue: 7 August, 2008 Rajab, Sha’ban 1429 A.H.
In the memory of Hazrat Maseehullah Khan, Khaleefah of Maulana Ashraf Ali Thanwi (rah)
EDITORIAL BOARD Editor-in-Chief
Mohammad Anwar Khan Qasmi Shuaibullah Khan
Mufti Shafeeq Ahmad Qasmi (Founder & Principal of Jamia Islamia Maseehul
Maulana Sagheer Ahmad Nadwi Uloom & President of IVA)
Maulana Aslamullah Khan Qasmi
Mufti Rafeeq Ahmad Qasmi C O N T E N T S
Mufti Faheemuddin Qasmi
Mufti Abrarul Haq Qasmi
Al-Qur’an:.....................................................2
ADVISORY BOARD Al- Hadith:.....................................................4
Mufti Iftikhar Ahmad Qasmi
Maulana Shabbir Ahmad Nadwi
Maulana Shamsuddin Qasmi Editorial:—Let us build an Amicable
Hafiz Sharafuddin atmosphere!:................................................. 8
Hafiz Ahmad Waheed
Janab Sayed Obedullah
Janab Dr. Imran
Janab Tajuddin Basha
Sighting the Moon: .................................... 11
Janab Mohammad Ameenuddin
Islam and the Western Society:................ 16
MANAGING COMMITTEE
Mufti Shuaibullah Khan Q & A :......................................................... 26
Janab Sayed Ibrahim
Janab Ashraf Vohra Maulana Muhammad Ilyas:......................... 34
Mohammad Himayatullah Khan
Janab Najeebullah Khan
Janab J. Khaleel Ahmad Hospitals and Medical Schools
Janab Mohammad Maseehullah in the Islamic Civilization:........................ 40
Janab K.M. Parvez Ahmad
PUBLIC RELATIONS RAZIA SULTANA - THE FIRST QUEEN
Janab Mohammad Rawuf Sharief
Mob: 9845022262
WHO RULED DELHI : ........................... 44
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Surely, those who conceal what We have revealed of clear sings and guidance - even
after We have explained them for people, in the Book, upon them Allah casts damnation,
and curse them those who curse. Yet, those who repent and correct and declare, their
repentance I accept. And I am the most Relenting, the most Merciful. Indeed, those
who disbelieved and died while they were disbelievers; upon them is the curse of Allah,
and of angels, and of all human beings together, remaining therein forever. Neither
will the punishment be lightened for them, nor will they be given respite.
Commentary Al-Baqarah: 159-162
A
s part of the debated issue of Qiblah, the text has pointed out how the people of the
Book went about concealing the truth concerning the prophethood of the Holy
Prophet (saws) for whom the Ka'bah was appointed as the Qiblah. It is Verse,
146, where it was said:
"Those whom We have given the Book recognize him (The Holy Prophet) as they recognize
their own sons. And, in fact, a group of them does conceal the truth while they know."
Now the text, in order to conclude the subject, warns those who not only conceal the truth
but, going further ahead in obstinacy, persist in their effort. The ultimate fate of this senseless
persistence being all too obvious, Allah almighty still extends the promise of His mercy and
forgiveness to those who repent and reflect on what they did, retrace their steps and correct
their negative attitude towards divine truth and, in order to demonstrate their positive stand,
come forward and state the truth clearly and publicly. The natural consequence of such a
reformed attitude would be that they will enter the fold of Islam believing in Allah and His
prophet, which is the touchstone for any disbeliever's honest change of heart.
The duty of spreading the Islamic Knowledge
Verse 159 above stated that concealing from people clear signs and guidance revealed by
Allah Almighty is a terrible crime, which earns the curse of Allah Almighty Himself, as well as
that of His entire creation. Let us point out to some injunctions that issue forth from this verse:
1. It is forbidden to conceal knowledge which must be disclosed and disseminated widely.
The Holy Prophet (saws) said:
"Anyone who is asked about something (of religion) which he knows would, in the event that
he conceals it, be brought forth by Allah on the Doomsday harnessed with a rein of fire."
According to the fuqaha (Muslim jurists), this warning applies to a person, who is the only
one available in a given situation. If there are other knowledgeable persons present, he has the
option of suggesting that the issue may be discussed with an alim who knows it. (Qurtubi and
Jassas)
M
alik reported from Yahya Ibn Said Fuqaha’ are the people who recite the Qur’an
that Abdullah Ibn Masud (ra) said in a perfect manner and have a good
to a certain man, “You are in a time understanding of it along with mastering the
when men of understanding (fuqaha) are many knowledge of Islamic Shariah. They understand
and Qur’an reciters (Qurra) are few, when the the true meaning of the Qur’an and hadith along
hudud defined in the Qur’an are guarded and with having the full ability to draw conclusions
its letters are neglected, when few people ask and injunctions from them directly. Qurra, plural
and many give, when they make the prayer long of Qari, are the people who recite the Holy
and the Khutbah short, and put their actions Qur’an in the most excellent voice or tarteel.
before their desires. A time will come upon Though, they will not bother on reflecting about
people when their fuqaha are few but their their meanings, contents, purposes, and
Qur’an reciters are many, when the letters of injunctions. That is they recite the Qur’an
the Qur’an are guarded carefully but its hudud without understanding the true import of its
are neglected, when many ask but few give, meaning.
when they make the Khutbah long but the prayer Abdullah Ibn Masud in this hadith has
short, and put their desires before their actions.” described that in the period of the Companions
(Malik in Muwatta) of the Prophet the commandments of the Qur’an
Commentary: In this hadith, Abdullah Ibn were cared for while the wordings - in which it
Masud has compared his times with the future, was recited - were not given much care. This
which will follow him. He has clearly mentioned phrase is not based on its obvious meaning for it
a great difference between the two: first, he said will then give birth to a serious question: that is
that his time was such in which the people of how the Qur’an could be understood while
understating (Fuqaha’) were many and the neglecting its words. Therefore, some scholars
reciters of the Qur’an were few. But, later there have based this on the hypocrites of that period,
will come a period in which there will be many who would recite the Hoy Qur’an in a melodious
reciters of the Holy Qur’an and there will be a voice but failed to live up to its commandments
great scarcity of the people of understanding. and injunctions.
In his times, the commandments and injunctions
of the Qur’an were more carefully preserved Allama Suyuti has said this means the different
than its words but there will come a time when dialects of reciting the Qur’an as is seen today
the words and letters of the Qur’an will be for which the reciters do not care much for the
protected and cared for but the commandments meanings while the Companions used to care
of the Shariah will go unnoticed and for the commandments more than the pretentious
unpractised. dialects, by which they are recited to draw the
G
od is not despaired of man and His bounties and munificence are being showered on
the world as before. Every drop of rain, which falls from heaven on earth is a symbol
of His unending faith in the future of mankind. The land, sun, moon and all other
creation are performing their assigned functions. The universe is a wonderful manifestation of the
power of Divine Creation – look at a flower, a leaf, a blade of grass, peep into anything and you
will find rare beauty and perfect order in it. But the best of all creations is man and everything else
has been directed to serve him. It is an indication of God’s love for mankind.
But the attitude of some of us towards mankind suffers from apathy and indifference. An eminent
poet has said that every birth of a newborn child is an indication that God is not yet disappointed
in man. But man appears to be disillusioned at the lack of purpose of life is considered of no
importance. Thus we unwittingly prove what the angels said when Allah declared His intention to
create man: “And when Thy Lord said unto the angels: Lo! I am about to place a vice-regent in the
earth, they said: Wilt Thou place therein one who will do harm and will shed blood. We hymn Thy
praise and sanctify Thee. He said: surely I know that which you know not.” (Surah al-Baqarah:
30)
Allah addressed the angels and said, you do not know the inherent qualities of man which I
know. He has immense knowledge which the vastness of seas cannot match. He has gleam of love
in his bright eyes which you do not possess. He has the tenderness of heart and feels hurt at the
distress of others as you do not experience these emotions.” Allama Iqbal has very aptly expressed
the same sentiments in the following couplet:
O, Gabriel! Do not imitate my ways of meditation and ecstasy,
Prayers, chaplet and circumambulation are best for easygoing angles.
The most precious possession with man are his qualities of love and mercy and a drop of tear
which he sheds when he sees an indigent man or a widow or an orphan without visible means of
support. Unfortunately we have also not realized the true worth of this drop of tear:
(Man has been endowed with such tears
The glow of which puts the stars to blush)
A person devoid of a feeling of sympathy of his less fortunate fellow-men is no better than an
animal. Irrespective of the magnitude of material possession, the country is poor if it is morally
T
he information, which is provided for Ramadan and Eid on any given single period
us by modern science has led to a of time. Therefore, unity or conformity should
speculation in certain circles of only be observed when it is possible, with the
Muslim society-its intelligentsia - and the findings of modern science of astronomy, which
support given to their arguments by sections agree totally with the reality of the revolution
of secular media has created in the minds of and rotations of the sun and the moon as equal
Muslims - the educated ones - the inspiration in every part of the world.
that the days of Eid and Ramadan should both
Secondly, the purpose behind Eid and
be celebrated at one time in every part of the
Ramadan in Islam is not that it should be
world. The beginning of the Month of Ramadan
celebrated on the same period. If they are
should also be celebrated at one time across
celebrated on a single period of time that is
the word. Some of them opine that if it is not
okay, otherwise there is no problem that the
all across the world, then at least, it should be
day of Eid and Ramadan are observed at
done collectively in all areas of one country.
different periods of time. No doubt, in the
Those Muslims who support this kind of
period of the Holy Prophet there was not such
thinking argue that the modern scientific tools,
a facility of news media and information could
which are available at our disposal in the fields
not be obtained as easily as it is done in the
of mass communication and information, have
modern times, and subsequently it was not an
made all these things quite possible. The news
easy task to collect all the news from
of a country may easily be conveyed to another
surrounding areas. However, it was not a
without much problem.
difficult thing for him to collect the information
On the face of it, there is little room left in from neighbouring areas about sighting the
the minds of scientists that by adopting the moon. But it is not reported in any Hadith that
information, which is provided to us by the the Messenger of Allah and his Companions
modern astronomical facilities across the ever cared for this fact. Is it not a clear proof
world, and its findings, which are extremely that it is not necessary to pay any much
accurate, should be accepted. However, there attention to this new controversy created by
are two important points to be considered in Muslim community who are diehard scientists?
this regard: firstly, is it possible that the Day of Imam Muslim has narrated in his Sahih the
Eid and the period of Ramadan can be incident of the Companions in the following
celebrated on same days all over the world? manner:
Quite obviously, this is impossible for the
Kuraib reported: Umm Fadl, daughter of
distances between East and West are so vast
Harith, sent me to Mu`awiya in Syria. I arrived
that if there is Friday somewhere, some other
in Syria, and attended to her needs that she
areas have Thursday while a third area has
wanted me to do on her behalf. It was there in
the beginning of Saturday. Considering all these
Syria that it was announced the Month of
differences it is quite impractical to celebrate
FATAWA
Questions and answers relating to religious and social problems
Mail your questions to:
ask_islamicvision@yahoo.com
A: It is quite obvious that taking out blood valid reason like illness on an immediate basis
from the body does not make fasting invalid and he wants to give his blood to a certain
for the thing that makes fasting invalid is that person, then it is permissible as the Islamic
which enters the body not that which comes scholars have permitted the administration of
out of it. cupping. However, if this process is followed
without any genuine need, then in this case it
Ayesha has narrated that the Messenger of
will be Makrooh (strictly undesirable) for it will
Allah (saws) said, "Fasting is terminated due
physically weaken him and it is a basic rule that
to those things that enter inside the body and
it is a Makrooh for a fasting person to do
not that which come out of it." The same report
something that creates weakness in his body.
has been narrated from Ibn Abbas, Ikrimah
and Ibrahim Nakhai. The majority of the
scholars have ruled that the administration of
Fatawa Alamgiri rules that if a person is
cupping does not nullify fasting. Therefore, if
satisfied physically, then there is no problem in
a person takes out some blood from his body
taking out the blood otherwise it will be declared
it will not make his fasting invalid. However, it
as Makrooh. Doing so will be Makrooh for
is a different matter if it is proper for a person
him in the case in which it is doubted that he
to do so.
may suffer considerable weakness that even
If a person has a need to do so for some may compel him to break his fasting.
A: One should not go through this process will affect the fasting of a person whose teeth
without any reason for it may render him is removed? The answer to this question is that
physically weak and it is known that doing only taking out the teeth will not make the
something that makes one weak is Makrooh in fasting invalid. However, if blood comes out
a state of fasting. The author of Ad-Durr-Al- of there and enters inside the stomach and the
Mukhtar comments: "It is not lawful for a person blood dominates his spit then his fasting will
to do something that leads him to physical become broken.
weakness." It has been mentioned in Ad-Durr-Al-
Allama Ibn Nujaim has noted quoting Al- Mukhtar, "If blood comes out of the teeth and
Qinyah, "It is not lawful for the person who reaches the throat, the fasting will not be invalid.
cooks bread to be so much engrossed in his However, if it penetrates inside the stomach
act that it compels him to break his fast." (Al- and then after mingling the spit it dominates it
Bahr Al-Raiq, 2: 282) or equals it in amount, the fasting will become
Now, when we closely think, we come to invalid. In the same way, if a person feels the
know that taking out teeth will naturally create taste of blood into his mouth and then it enters
physical weakness in the person and perhaps inside his stomach, his fasting will be declared
it may also lead him to break his fast in the long as invalid." (Ad-Durr Al-Mukhtar with Shami,
run as the blood may ooze out profusely. 2: 396)
Therefore, it will be strictly undesirable for him
to do so without any compelling need. Commenting on this ruling,Allama Shami says:
"It is also deduced from this ruling that if a
Furthermore, while following the process of person in Ramadan takes out of his gums and
taking out the teeth some times medicines are his blood reaches the stomach though he is
administered into the mouth which have a
sleeping, then, he will have to make a Qaza of
certain taste whose consumption is Makrooh.
From this point of view too this act will be it." After that Allama Shami has commented,
declared as Makrooh. "The above question and this one may differ
on the point that in this case it is unavoidable,
As for as the question is concerned; how it while in the above case it is quite avoidable."
A: The leading Islamic jurists have ruled out modern science gives a satisfactory
that administering medicine or putting oil in the confirmation to the fact that there is no direct
ears terminates the process of fasting. They route between the ear and the stomach and
have reasoned that the medicine or the oil in the brain and there is no barrier between them
this case reaches the stomach. However, through which if a thing is inserted into the ear
modern medical science has confirmed that can enter the stomach, then it will be declared
there is no direct route or physical canal that putting medicine in the ears will not make
between the ear or brain or the stomach that fasting as invalid. However, to be on the safe
keeps them closely connected. The Islamic side, it is better to pronounce this as a
jurists had ruled out on this matter according terminating factor as the Islamic jurists have
to the discoveries of their age. If they had other adopted cautious aspects in some rulings on
discoveries contrary to this one, they would Fiqh.
have certainly adopted that. Therefore, if the
A: It is not lawful to use this device while living without this or he has threats of serious
fasting for it will make the fast invalid. The dangers, he is permitted to break his fast and
reason is that the medicine comes out of the when he has gained recovery he must make a
pump in the form of smoke and goes inside. Qadha of it or in other case he should make a
However, if a patient fears that he cannot help ransom (fidyah) for it.
A: If the gas enters into the throat through mentioned that it is generally possible to avoid
the passage of the mouth or nose dust and smoke. And in the case when it is
unintentionally, fasting will remain valid for it is possible, if a person does so intentionally, his
unavoidable. However, if it is avoidable and a fasting will become invalid. The case of gas too
person is not careful until the gas enters his is in the like manner. Therefore, if it enters into
throat, fasting will become invalid. his throat without his intention, his fasting will
The Islamic jurists have mentioned that if dust not become invalid and if it was avoidable for
or smoke unintentionally enter into the stomach him but he did not try to protect himself; and in
of a fasting person, fasting will not be invalid this way the gas entered into his throat, his
and if he intentionally did so, it will become fasting will become terminated.
invalid. The reason for this ruling has been
A: Since something like gas goes inside the administration outwardly and inwardly has the
body which contains medicine, it will affect the form of breaking a fast of a person, he will have
fasting and make it invalid. And, since this to make a Qadha and amendment to his fasting:
A: It is not recommended to use toothpastes, comments and decrees, Maulana Ashraf Ali
while fasting though this act will not nullify the act Thanwi has also pronounced using
of fasting if the paste does not penetrate into the toothpastes as Makrooh in his book Imdadul
throat and a person using it ingests some of it by Fatawa. (Imdadul-Fatawa, 2:151)
mistake. But care should be taken that the
Therefore, it will not be proper for a person
toothpastes used do not have a flavor or taste.
to use toothpastes without any valid reason
There are plenty of them available in the markets.
in a state of fasting. However, if a certain
Since toothpastes have some kind of taste
person has some valid reason on account of
therefore, people will not be allowed to use them
which the person may have some problems
in general cases. Its use will be declared as to be
if he does not use the toothpastes, then he
Makrooh. The Author of Al-Hidaya comments:
will be allowed to do so.
"If a person tastes something placing it into his
mouth, his fast will not be affected. However, it In brief, it will be declared as Makrooh to
is strictly undesirable for him to do so." (Al- use them without any reason only to clean
Hidayah, 1:200, Fatawa Alamgiri, 1:199) the teeth for the teeth may also be cleaned
during the period of night. However, one can
In the same manner, the Authors of Al-Bahr-
use them if he has some valid reasons but he
Ar-Raiq and Ad-Durr-Al-Mukhtar have
will have to be very careful as he must not let
declared tasting something without any genuine
any part of it go inside his throat.
reason as Makrooh. On the basis of their
A: The application of scents and other perfumes 2:417) However, using perfumes is not
while fasting does not render the act of fasting recommended for it is well-known that one
invalid or Makrooh. Allama Shami writes quoting of its basic ingredients is alcohol. Therefore,
Imdadul Fatawa: "It is not Makrooh for the one should be very cautious about this and
fasting person to smell the fragrance of musk and make sure to use only those perfumes, which
rose etc. which do not have a permanent body have their ingredients mentioned on it, which
of their own like smoke." (Radd Al-Muhtar, state that it is free of all forms of alcohol.
M
aulana Muhammad Ilyas, the of Gangoh where he received the best religious
world-renowned reformist and and moral instructions under the most capable
Islamic revivalist, was born in professors and learned Islamic scholars. He
Kandhlah, a famous town of district also had the honor of pledging allegiance to
Muzaffarngar, Uttar Pradesh, India. His father Maulana Gangohi in learning all that there was
Maulana Muhammad Ismail, a pious to know about Sufism.
gentleman, lived in an area of Delhi called
In the course of time, he went to the town
Nizamuddin. He was one of the fortunate
of Deoband where he studied the classical
people who had memorized the Glorious
books of hadith like Sahih of Al-Bukhari and
Qur’an and lived by its tenet and was regarded
the Sunan At-Tirmidhi under the great professor
as an authentic Islamic scholar. His life was fully
of Islamic theology Maulana Mahmood Al-
dedicated to the worship of Allah (swt) and he
Hasan. Later, he continued to learn the hadith
kept long vigils during the night staying awake
literature from his elder brother for a number
for prayers to gain the pleasure of Allah (swt).
of years. After the great Sufi and professor of
Worshiping and remembering Allah (Dhikr)
hadith and theology, Maulana Gangohi, passed
was one of his favorite pastimes and teaching
away, he went to Maulana Khaleel Ahmad
the Holy Qur’an to others was the sole objective
Saharanpuri under whose tutelage he
of his life. He was closely connected to
completed the course of his spiritual reform and
Maulana Rasheed Ahmad of Gangoh and his
then he was appointed as a teacher in Mazahir
activities in Deoband.
Uloom Saharanpur, one of the most prestigious
Maulana Muhammad Ilyas learned the Islamic universities of the subcontinent. He
lessons of the Holy Qur’an under the went on a Pilgrimage to Makkah in 1334 CE.
patronage of his pious father. He also A year later, his brother Maulana Yahya whom
undertook the study of Persian and Arabic he considered his main support for him in times
books of the elementary grade under his close of need passed away and he went to settle in
guidance. Later, his elder brother Maulana Nizamuddin permanently. Nizamuddin had a
Muhammad Yahya took him to Maulana small mosque of stone building, and a house
Gangohi. This town was particularly known for made up of clay and a room. In the southern
its reputation to be a center of eminent Islamic part of the mausoleum of Sufi Nizamuddin
scholars and Muslim intellectuals and holy men Auliya, there inhabited a small population. Here
of repute. This town was also known for some students from Mewat and others came
housing the great personality of Maulana to him for religious learning and moral
Rasheed Ahmad Gangohi. Maulana education. He was highly committed to the post
Muhammad Ilyas spent approximately nine of his teaching. He also gave lectures on ahadith
years studying under various Islamic scholars and many other disciplines.
August, 2008 ISLAMIC VISION 32
However, the greatest achievement of his life By nature, Maulana Ilyas was very humble,
lies in his founding the movement, which is pious, but physically weak. But he surpassed
popular today in the Indian subcontinent as his contemporaries in his knowledge about
“Tablighi Jamat”, which originated its activities Islam, righteousness, pious qualities and high
from the town of Mewat, in Gujarat. The ideals that were demanded from him by his
Muslim population of this town professed religion. Until his last breath, he dedicated
Islam only in its letter and would not enact the himself for his movement and spent his untiring
teachings of Islam in its spirit. Their social life efforts and produced a vast gathering of
was hardly different from those of Hindus. He individuals who carried out his mission
continued to strive untiringly everyday according to his principles laid out by him. He
consistently and as a result established many died on July 13, 1944.
Islamic centers where he started his activities
The Mission of Preaching and Dawah
of preaching and religious awareness about
Islam in its purest and pristine form. Gradually, The Maulana, despite his physical weakness,
these activities began showing surprising infirm constitution and a brief life span, attended
results and started gaining ground. As a result, to a large number of daily chores, devoted
he targeted the well-organized group of young every moment of his valuable life to further his
scholars, and gave them a program of general mission, which was motivated by sincerity,
preaching assembling the best among them in unflinching faith, and belief and bringing those
small groups, who would move to different who had gone astray from the Path of Islam,
areas of the city and outside it for the purpose setting them on the Right Path without the
of preaching. He carried out this task after a accretions that had crept into Islam. If a person
deep thinking, systematic planning, and careful fasted daily, performed all his Nafl prayers,
consideration and deep contemplation. recited the whole Qur’an on a daily basis or
spent millions of rupees by way of charity and
The Maulana stimulated others and he would
almsgiving, could not reach the degree of those
set out with them to go out of their homes to
who could lead millions of people to the Path
the houses of Muslims, and he would exhort
of righteousness and the True Path who as a
them both in public and private to teach and
result, would start taking part in their daily
enlighten them about the basic principles and
Prayers with renewed enthusiasm started
fundamentals of Islam like Monotheism and
imbibing into their souls and act out other tenets
Prayer etc. Then he, as a part of his well
of Islam. As a result the rewards of these
thought out plan, started to dispatch large
people practicing Islam with the active support
bodies of Muslims to different parts of the
of the Jamaat would at every moment bless his
country. In the normal course of events, Allah,
soul for centuries for the pious actions of these
the Almighty rewarded his works and services
people, passing the Message of Islam, from
in such a manner that the Tablighi Movement
those who knew more about it to others who
started attracting to its fold numerous Muslims
were unaware of it. In fact, the actions of a
from the mainstream society and the Tablighi
single person, though sincere, cannot be
groups scattered around the subcontinent
compared to his actions, sincerity, devotion and
reforming and revolutionizing lives of Muslims
dedications of thousands of peoples.
molding their character of the path of piety.
Therefore, Maulana Ilyas preferred to lead
Notice
It is to clarify that in the issue of June, 2008,
in the left column, line19, page 42, “Paradise”
was mitakenly composed in place of “hell”. The
error is seriously regretted.
1. The Moroccan Hospital In short, these are the four ideal specimens out
of hundred of hospitals that were functioning at
This was built by Sultan Mansoor Abu Yusuf, a that time in the Islamic world from East to West.
well-known ruler of the Muwahhid dynasty of the And they existed at the time when Europe was
West. A spacious piece of land was selected in wondering in the wilderness of ignorance under
one of the most temperate place of Morocco for layers of darkness, and unaware of these
this hospital and the architects and builders were hospitals, their finesses, their cleanliness and the
ordered to make it of the most beautiful design highest spirit of humanity at work in them. Let us
they could. And all sorts of fruit trees and plants hear in this connection what a well known
of most fragrant flowers were also planted on the German orientalist Marx Mayerhoff has to say
premises. Canals of running water were passing about the European hospitals existing at that time
by every room of the hospital. Four special as compared with the conditions in our hospitals
reservoirs of water were built, one of them of pure narrated above. Dr. Marx says: "The Arab
white marble. Fine beddings were provided for hospitals and the order existing in the Islamic
the hospital beds, made out of wool, linen, silk, countries of the past giving us a lesson which is
and leather, beautiful beyond description. A very unpleasant and leaves a bitter taste in our
pharmacy was built in the hospital in which different mouths. We cannot fully appreciate it unless we
kinds of syrups, oils, collyria, and other medicines compare and contrast, in minute detail, this
were prepared. On being completely cured, in system with that of the European hospitals of
case of his being poor, he was given sufficient that period."
amount of money which could help him start a The Pitiable Condition of a Major
business and earn his livelihood. Even if he was Hospitals of Paris
rich that amount of his share was given to him any
way. This hospital was not dedicated to the poor About three hundred years before our time,
and the indigent only but the affluent also benefited rather even later, Europe was ignorant of the
by it. Rather, in whichever section of Morocco meaning of hospital. Rather it would be no
any stranger was found ailing, he was brought to exaggeration to say that up to 1710 A.D., they
the hospital and admitted as an in-patient. Either were living under these conditions. The patients
he was cured and discharged or died there. The were treated either at their own homes or at the
Sultan went to the hospital very Friday and poor-houses. The European hospitals in the past
enquired and learnt first hand about the health of were actually poor-houses in which were kept
the patients, the working of the doctors and their those destitute without any support and shelter
dealings with the patients, and did all that was whether they were ailing or in sound health. The
required by way of correction and redressal. best example of European hospitals or the poor-
houses can be the Parisian home for the poor
Envy of a German Orientalist
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