My Notes by DR Khan - September 2017 - Part 1 - KSG India

01-15 Sep 2017
My Notes.
NATIONAL
National Nutrition Strategy
Niti Aayog came out with the National Nutrition Strategy, seeking to put nutrition
at the forefront of the narrative of the National Development Agenda. One of the
architects of Green Revolution M S Swaminathan and Padma Shri H Sudarshan launched
the blueprint, along with Niti Aayog Vice-Chairman Dr Rajiv Kumar and Member Vinod
Paul.
What
1. The Aayog made the pitch, citing the benefit to cost ratio of 16:1 for 40 low-
and middle-income countries, adding that there is a well-recognised rationale
globally for investing in
nutrition.
2. The recently-published
results of NFHS-4
(national family and
health survey) reflect
some progress, with a
decline in overall levels
of under-nutrition in
both women and
children.
3. Pace of decline is far
below what numerous
countries with similar
growth trajectories to
India have achieved.
Moreover, India pays an
income penalty of 9-10
per cent due to a
workforce stunted
during childhood.
4. The nutrition strategy
envisages a framework under which the four proximate determinants of
nutrition uptake of health services, food, drinking water and sanitation
and income and livelihoods work together to accelerate decline of under-
nutrition in India.
5. The Nutrition Strategy framework envisages a Kuposhan Mukt Bharat
linked to Swachh Bharat and Swasth Bharat.
6. The aim is to ensure states create customised State and District Action Plans to
address local needs and challenges.
7. This is especially relevant in view of enhanced resources available with states to
prioritise focused interventions with a greater role for panchayats and urban
local bodies.
8. The strategy enables states to make strategic choices, through decentralised
planning and local innovation, with accountability for nutrition outcomes.
India keeps off Bali Declaration
In a show of solidarity with Myanmar, India refused to be a part of a declaration
adopted at an international conference in Nusa Duaas it carried inappropriate
reference to violence in Rakhine state from where 125,000 Rohingyas have fled to
Bangladesh. An Indian parliamentary delegation, led by Speaker Lok Sabha Sumitra
Mahajan, dissociated itself from the Bali Declaration adopted at the World
Parliamentary Forum on Sustainable Development held in Indonesia. This was in view
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of the fact that the declaration, which was to be adopted at the conclusion of the Forum,
was not in line with the agreed global principles of sustainable development.
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01-15 Sep 2017
What
1. India reiterated its stance that the purpose of convening the Parliamentary
forum was to arrive at mutual consensus for implementation of SDGs
(Sustainable Development Goals) which requires inclusive and broad-based
development processes. Therefore, the proposed reference to the violence in
Rakhine state in the declaration was considered as not consensus-based and
inappropriate.
2. The part of the declaration to which India objected spoke of the forum
expressing deep concern on ongoing violence in the Rakhine State of
Myanmar, amongst others
3. India argued that specifying a particular country is unjustified as this Forum is
focussed on SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals) and inclusive
development for all countries based on cooperative and collaborative approach
to achieve the 2030 Agenda for the world.
4. India said, Never before country-specific issues have been included in the
declaration as these dilute the objective of these Forums which require unity
and focussed efforts of all the countries.
Human Capital Index 2017
India has moved up two spots on the World Economic Forums (WEF) Human
Capital Index 2017. India has been ranked 103rd of 130 countries up from 105th the
year before. Norway leads the latest rankings, followed by Finland, Switzerland, the US
and Denmark. Indias poor performance on the index places it behind most other emerging
economies such as Brazil (77th), Indonesia (65th) and other South Asian countries such as
Sri Lanka (70th) and Nepal (98th). The country ranks even lower than Kenya (78th),
Myanmar (89th) and Ghana (72nd).
What
1. The WEF index measures a countrys performance on four key areas of
human capital
development: capacity, which is a
function of past investments in India related Facts
education; deployment, which
1. In terms of development of
measures the application and
skills needed for the future
accumulation of skills through
India ranks 65th.
work; development, which takes
into account the education of the 2. It ranks lowest (last) in world
next generation of the workforce and when it comes to employment
the continued skilling of labour gender gap.
force, and know-how, which 3. It also ranks low 110th in
measures the breadth and depth of educational attainment
specialised skills use at work. (primary education attainment
2. Of the four areas, India scores the among 25 -54 year olds) and low
highest in development, followed by deployment of its human capital,
know-how. meaning the skills available are
not getting put to good use.
3. The countrys comparatively better
performance on development is large 4. It ranks 118 for labour force
because of a higher score on participation among the key 35-
secondary enrollment gender gap 54 year old demographic, means
and surprisingly on the quality of that too many Indians are
the education system. engaged in informal or
subsistent employment.
4. The countrys performance on
the latter is based on an executive
opinion survey carried out by the WEF in 2016-17, which asks participants
how well does the education system in their country meets the needs of a
competitive economy.
5. On the know-how sub-index, the country fares better largely due to higher
scores on economic complexity and availability of skilled employees.
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01-15 Sep 2017
6. While the former is a measure of the degree of sophistication of a countrys
productive knowledge that can be empirically observed in the quality of its
export products, performance on the latter is based on an executive opinion
survey carried out by the WEF in 2016-17.
Wood is Good Campaign
The Union Ministry of Environment and Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC)
has launched Wood is Good
Campaign under Partnership for Land What is the REDD
Use Science (Forest-Plus). It was
1. The REDD Programme is
launched on sidelines of two-day
collaborative programme of Food
conference on Sustainable landscapes
and Agriculture Organization
and forest ecosystems: Theory to
(FAO), United Nations
Practice in New Delhi.
Development Programme (UNDP)
What and United Nations Environment
1. The purpose of campaign is Programme (UNEP).
to promote wood as 2. It was created in 2008 in response
climate-friendly resource to UNFCCC decisions on Bali
and substitute to materials Action Plan and REDD at COP-13.
like steel and plastic as it is
3. Its goal is to reduce forest emissions
carbon neutral unlike others
and enhance carbon stocks in
materials which leave carbon
forests while contributing to national
footprint in their production.
sustainable development.
2. Partnership for Land Use
4. REDD should not be confused with
Science (Forest-Plus) is joint
REDD+, a voluntary climate
programme of United States
change mitigation approach that has
Agency for International
been developed by Parties to
Development (USAID) and
UNFCCC.
MoEF&CC to strengthen
capacity for REDD (Reducing 5. Thus, REDD is a multilateral body
Emissions from Deforestation that partners with developing
and Forest Degradation) countries to support them in
implementation in India. establishing technical capacities
needed to implement REDD+ and
3. It brings together experts
meet UNFCCC requirements for
from India and US to develop
REDD+ results-based payments.
technologies, tools and
methods of forest
management to meet technical challenges of managing forests for health of
ecosystem, biodiversity, carbon stocks and livelihood.
Country's first Hyperloop
The Los Angeles-based Hyperloop Transportation Technologies (HTT) has signed
a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) with the Andhra Pradesh government to develop
a 'superfast' short-distance transport facility between Vijayawada and the state's
upcoming capital, Amaravati. The project will employ HTT's patented technology to bring
down travel time to less than 5 minutes.
What
1. During the initial phase of the project, HTT will conduct a six-month long
feasibility study from October. The firm will subsequently introduce
its Hyperloop Transportation System for the first time in India as the project
enters Phase 2. According to the state government, the project would take off
from Amravati.
2. According to the Andhra Pradesh Economic Development Board (APEDB), the
project could shape the future of transportation within the state. By
collaborating with Hyperloop, Amaravati is embracing a prototype for the
mobility of tomorrow.
3. HTT is among the few companies to offer the Hyperloop Transportation
System that is based on magnetic levitation. Other than HTT, Tesla and the
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Elon Musk-owned Boring Company are actively involved in providing similar

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solutions.
01-15 Sep 2017
4. The company will be partnering with the state government to build
regulatory standards necessary for the safe and efficient operation of the
technology in India. For this, HTT plans to take inputs from various local
stakeholders as well.
5. HTT was co-founded by CEO Dirk Ahlbom and chairman Gesta in 2013 and
has a large design and execution team consisting of more than 800 engineers,
besides drawing support from 40 other corporate and university partners.
No-fly list introduced
Unruly fliers will land in a national no-fly list from now on that can extend upto
life time for offences ranging from verbal abuse to life threatening behaviour. The
government on 8 September 2017 unveiled the changes made to Civil Aviation
Requirement (CAR) to enable the country to promulgate the national no-fly list, which it
said is "unique and first of its kind in the world".
What
1. The new rules provide graded punishment for offences which are categorised
into three levels.
2. One will end up in the no-fly list
for upto three months if the
passenger is found of violating
Level 1 (unruly behaviour -
verbal) offences like disruptive
behaviour, physical gesture and
verbal abuse.
3. A flier who commits a Level 2
offence (physical behaviour)
will be banned for up to six
months.
4. The offender will end up in the
list for "two or more years
without limit" if he commits a
Level 3 offence which is
categorised as life-threatening
behaviour like murderous
assault, choking and damaging aircraft operating system among others.
5. For repeat offenders, the person will be banned for twice the period of previous
ban. These provisions are airline specific. An airline can ban a passenger but
others can continue to fly the passenger if they desire so
6. The amendments to the existing CAR on 'Handling Unruly/Disruptive
Passengers' came following the incident involving Shiv Sena MP Ravindra
Gaikwad who repeatedly slapped an Air India manager in April.
7. The no-fly list provisions are applicable to every passenger. There are no
exemptions.
8. The complaint of unruly behaviour should be referred to an internal
committee set up by the airline have headed by a retired district and sessions
judge with a representative each of another airline and passenger association.
9. This panel should decide the matter in 30 days and till such time, airline can
impose ban on passenger from flying for 30 days. In case the committee fails to
take a decision in 30 days, passenger will be free to fly.
10. If any party is aggrieved with the decision, they can approach a government-
appointed panel headed by a retired High Court judge, representative of airline
who is not below the rank of Vice President and representative of passenger
association or consumer forum.
INDRA 2017
India and Russia have begun discussions to work out modalities for conducting
their first tri-service military exercise INDRA 2017 in October 2017 in Russia. It will be
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Indias first bilateral military exercise with any country involving all three services.
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01-15 Sep 2017
What
1. The 2017 Indra exercise will primarily focus on achieving coordination between
forces of two countries in tri- services integrated theatre command scenario.
2. The aim of exercise is to carry out joint exercises for suppression of
international terrorist activities under United Nations mandate.
3. Indian Army will send about 350 soldiers from infantry, artillery and armoured
streams. Indian Navy is fielding two ships, stealth frigate, INS Satpura, and
anti-submarine warfare (ASW) corvette, INS Kadmatt, along with two on-
board helicopters. Indian Air Force (IAF) is likely to share fighter jets of host.
4. The headquarters of Integrated Defence Staff under Defence Ministry is leading
exercises from Indian side.
5. Indias efforts for tri-service integration will provide opportunity to synergise
jointness between its services and see how other countries function jointly.
Indias first advanced Homoeopathy Virology lab
Indias first state of art virology laboratory was inaugurated at Dr. Anjali
Chatterjee Regional Research Institute for Homoeopathy in Kolkata, West Bengal. The lab
will play important in developing new drugs and technologies in Homoeopathy to combat
emerging challenges of viral diseases.
What
1. The laboratory is only one of its kind in India for conducting basic and
fundamental research in Homoeopathy for viral diseases like influenza,
dengue, chickunguniya, Japanese encephalitis and swine flu (H1N1).
2. It will develop new drugs and technologies to combat emerging challenges of
viral diseases. The laboratory is recognized by Calcutta University to undertake
research work of PhD students in field of homoeopathy.
Two new contraceptives launched
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has launched two new contraceptives,
an injectable contraceptive MPA under the Antara programme and a contraceptive pill,
Chhaya, in the public health system to expand the basket of contraceptive choices to meet
the emerging needs of couples. The contraceptives, which are available for free in Medical
Colleges and District Hospitals at present, have so far been launched in 10 states that
includes Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Karnataka, Haryana,
West Bengal, Odisha, Delhi and Goa.
What
1. The contraceptives are safe and highly effective, the Antara injectable being
effective for three months and the Chayya pill for one week, and will help
meet the changing needs of couples and help women plan and space their
pregnancies. Training of healthcare practitioners from all the states has been
completed as well, with a pool of state and district level doctors and staff nurses
being trained to support the roll-out.
2. To help improve the supply and distribution of contraceptives, the Ministry had
recently launched a new software, Family Planning Logistics Management
Information System (FP-LMIS), designed to provide robust information on the
demand and distribution of contraceptives to health facilities and ASHAs.
3. In addition, Mission Parivar Vikas, a central family planning initiative has also
been launched by the Ministry. The key strategic focus of this initiative is on
improving access to contraceptives through delivering assured services,
ensuring commodity security and accelerating access to high quality family
planning services.
4. The mission is being implemented in 146 high focus districts with the
highest total fertility rates in the country. These districts are in the seven high
focus, high Total Fertility Rates (TFR) states of Uttar Pradesh, Bihar,
Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Assam, which
constitute 44% of the countrys population.
5. The main objective of the Mission Parivar Vikas family planning initiative is to
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bring down the Total Fertility Rate to 2.1 by the year 2025.
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01-15 Sep 2017
6. The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, through its sustained family
planning efforts, aims to achieve its goal of increasing modern contraceptive
usage and ensure that 74% of the demand for modern contraceptives is satisfied
by 2020, with continued emphasis on delivering assured services, generating
demand and bridging supply gaps.
7. The Ministrys focus remains on increasing awareness and demand through a
holistic communications campaign that has simultaneously been rolled out
across all states of India.
SLINEX 2017
The seventh edition of India-Sri Lanka joint maritime naval exercise SLINEX
2017 was held near Vishakhapatnam (Andhra Pradesh) in Bay of Bengal. It will be
conducted from 7th to 14th September 2017. The seven days exercise aimed to reinforce
strong neighbourly ties between both countries underscored by extensive maritime
interaction and improved understanding.
What Flashpoint
1. SLINEX 2017 focused on fleet work, 1. SLINEX series of biennial
seamanship, communication, bilateral maritime
replenishment at sea as well as helicopter exercises between India
operations. and Sri Lanka, initiated in
2. Sri Lanka Navys offshore patrol vessels, 2005.
SLNS Sayura and Sagara had participated 2. Its mandate is to enable
in this edition of biennial exercise. navies of both countries to
3. The exercise was held in both Harbour rehearse and improve their
Phase and Sea Phase. own capabilities and
4. In harbour phase, both participant navies enhance operational
engaged in professional, cultural and effectiveness required to
social interactions. maintain maritime security
5. In Sea Phase, both navies jointly in region.
conducted complex operations including
anti-piracy exercises, cross-deck helicopter operations, gun firings and anti-
surface exercises.
Exercise Yudh Abhyas 2017
As part of the ongoing Indo-US defence cooperation, a joint military training,
Exercise Yudh Abhyas - 2017 is being conducted at Joint Base Lewis McChord,
Washington, USA from 14 to 27 September 17. Exercise Yudh Abhyas is one of the
largest joint running military training and defence corporation endeavors between India
and USA. This will be the 13th edition of the joint exercise hosted alternately between
the two countries.
What
1. Exercise Yudh Abhyas will provide an opportunity to the armed forces of both
countries to train in an integrated manner at Battalion level with joint planning
at Brigade level.
2. Multiple scenarios will be rehearsed during the joint exercise with a view to
understand each-others organisational structure and battle procedures which
would result in a higher degree of jointmanship that would further
facilitate interoperability between the armed forces of both countries to
meet any unforeseen contingency across the globe.
3. The exercise is also an ideal platform to learn from each-others experiences of
planning and execution of operations.
4. Both armies will jointly train, plan and execute a series of well-developed
operations for neutralisation of threats of varied nature.
5. In the end a joint exercise will be undertaken by both countries in an
operational setting under a UN mandate.
6. Experts from both sides will also hold expert academic and military discussions
to share each others experiences on varied topics for mutual benefit.
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01-15 Sep 2017
Odisha top in FRA
Odisha has managed to retain the top spot in implementation of the Forest
Rights Act (FRA), 2006, for the third consecutive year. The state has also been successful
in covering the FRA with other poverty alleviation schemes, as per the outcome of a
review taken by Prime Minister Narendra Modi through video conferencing from Delhi.
What
1. Odisha topped the list at the national level both in terms of the number of land
title rights distributed, and the percentage of titles distributed over the
number of claims raised.
2. As of June, about 4,06,745 individual family titles and 5,942 community rights
covering nearly 6,09,553 acres and 3,27,171 acres, respectively, have been
distributed till June under the FRA.
Surya Kiran 2017 begins
India and Nepal began their joint military exercise in the western part of the
Himalayan country, focusing on counter-terrorism and forest fighting operations. The
exercise - Surya Kiran - was being participated by around 300 troops each side
in Rupandehi district. Senior Nepal Army officer Rajendra Karki inaugurated the exercise,
according to a statement by the army.
What
1. The 12th edition of Nepal-India joint military exercise will conclude on
September 16.
2. According to the Indian Army officials, the Surya Kiran is the largest joint
exercise in terms of troop participation.
3. The battalion-level joint training between the two armies will focus on counter-
terror operations in mountainous terrain by facilitating interoperability.
4. Disaster management and joint operations for disaster relief will also be a part
of the exercise.
5. The 11th edition of the joint exercise was held in Pithoragarh in
Uttarakhand.
6. The Nepal Army said the joint exercise will provide the two armies a platform to
exchange experiences, ideas and skills.
7. The joint military exercises will further strengthen friendly relations existing
between the two countries for centuries and will promote mutual understanding
between the two armies.
8. Surya Kiran series of exercises are held alternately in India and Nepal.
Nag missile
India's indigenously developed third generation anti-tank guided missile (ATGM)
Nag has been successfully flight tested by premier defence research organisation DRDO
in deserts of Rajasthan, marking completion of development trials.
What
1. The defence ministry said Nag has been successfully flight tested twice by the
DRDO against two different targets in Rajasthan. The missile can hit a target
up to seven km.
2. The ATGM Nag missile has successfully hit both the targets under different
ranges and conditions with very high accuracy as desired by the armed forces.
3. India has been trying to ramp up its military capability in sync changing
security dynamics in the region.
4. With these two successful flight trials, and the flight test conducted earlier in
June in the peak of summer, the complete functionality of Nag ATGM along
with launcher system NAMICA has been established and marked the
successful completion of development trials of Nag missile.
Coastal shipping and waterways summit
Kochi will host the fifth edition of Coastal Shipping and Inland Water
Transportation Business Summit 2017 on September 22 at Hotel Crown Plaza. The
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summit will be an initiative to explore the immense potential of coastal shipping and
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waterways as well as an effort to build a shared commitment and decipher the role that
01-15 Sep 2017
each stakeholder will have to play in integrating the coastal and waterways transport
infrastructure.
What
1. Kerala Governor P Sathasivam will present the India Sea trade Award for
Excellence in Coastal Shipping & Inland Water Transportation.
2. Nutan Guha Biswas, Chairperson of Inland Waterways Authority of India, Alok
Srivastava, Special Secretary to Ministry of Shipping, Madhu S Nair, Chairman
and Managing Director, Cochin Shipyard and Ravi M Parmar, Chairman Kandla
Port Trust will participate in the function.
3. Former Shipping Secretary K Mohandas who is the chairman of the
summit said that a shift from land based transportation of cargo to water based
movement can happen only with deliberate, well-coordinated efforts from the
governments, the infrastructure providers, the trade, the cargo owners and the
shipping industry. Together, they have to find the pragmatic path forward and
this conference is expected to facilitate that.
4. The seminar will create a platform to discuss various topics like Indian Coastal
Shipping & Inland Water Transport: Policies, Current Updates &
Vision, IWAIs perspective to propelling Indias trade and economic growth,
with particular focus on Kerala, understanding the cargo owners perspective to
align, engage and forge a commitment towards an instant modal shift and
reviving coastal shipping; call to move and handle domestic cargo on the coast
waters and river-borne trade.
5. The event will also honor institutions and individuals who have made a
difference with their outstanding contribution to the maritime sector.
Phase out polluting chemicals
India has begun the process of eliminating seven extremely harmful
chemicals almost eight years after the world agreed on their phase out under the
Stockholm Convention. The Union Ministry of Environment and Forest came out with a
draft proposal to remove these seven chemicals from the industry. It would be done in
the same manner as followed earlier to wipe off
another 12 persistent organic pollutants.
What The chemicals on the
elimination list are:
1. Four out of the seven
chemicals are brominated flame 1. Chlordecone
retardants used mainly in the 2. Hexabromobiphenyl
electrical and electronic industry; two 3. Hexabromodiphenyl ether
are found in the insecticide industry and and heptabromodiphenyl
the remaining one is an industrial ether (commercial octa-BDE)
solvent. 4. Tetrabromodiphenyl ether
2. They are among the persistent organic and pentabromodiphenyl
pollutants that can stay the environment ether (commercial penta-
for years with damaging consequences. BDE)
3. Removal of the POPs from the 5. Pentachlorobenzene
environment is an international exercise 6. Hexabromocyclododecane
under the Stockholm Convention that 7. Hexachlorobutadine.
began in 2004 with 12 chemicals,
popularly known as the dirty dozens. India ratified the convention in 2006
and banned these chemicals with some exceptions.
4. With the addition of more chemicals in the last 13 years the list of POPs has
now expanded to include 27 pollutants.
5. Almost 10 days ago, the environment ministry issued a draft proposal to get rid
of seven of these additional POPs, whose phase out was decided in 2009.
Operation Insaaniyat
A humanitarian crisis arose in Bangladesh due to heavy influx of refugees from
neighbouring Myanmar. The government of India has decided to assist Bangladesh in
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this crisis by sending relief material. The Indian Air Force was tasked to airlift the relief
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material from India to Bangladesh. One C-17 Globemaster strategic heavy lift cargo
01-15 Sep 2017
aircraft was positioned at short notice at Delhi on 13 Sep 17 to airlift 55 Tons of relief
material to Chittagong, Bangladesh.
What
1. This aircraft was loaded overnight with relief material consisting of critical
daily necessities viz., rice, pulses, sugar, salt, cooking oil, ready to eat meals,
mosquito nets etc.
2. The C-17 carrying relief material departed early morning on 14 Sep 17 and
routed via Kolkata to pick up additional load.
3. The material was delivered at Chittagong, Bangladesh at 1245 hours on 14 Sep
17.
4. One more C-17 is scheduled to airlift additional relief material to Bangladesh.
5. The Indian Air Force rose to the challenge and played a pivotal role to further
strengthen the close ties of friendship between India and Bangladesh.
SWACHHTA Ranking - 2017
An award ceremony based on SWACHHTA Ranking 2017 of Higher Educational
Institutions was held in New Delhi. Union Human Resource Development Minister, Shri
Prakash Javadekar gave away the prizes to the awardees. Shri Prakash Javadekar
congratulated the awardees of SWACHHTA Ranking- 2017 of Higher Educational
Institutions. Speaking on the occasion, the Minister said that the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
is the most significant cleanliness campaign by the Government of India. Under this
mission more than four crore and eighty lakhs toilets were constructed in India since 2nd
October, 2014 and more than two lakhs villages are now open defecation free.
What
1. The Minister said the students are cleanliness ambassadors and along with
the support of people and institutions they will lead the vision of Clean
India of our Prime Minister Shri Narendra Modi.
2. He also said to make Higher Educational Institutions a smart campus, we
should focus on cleanliness as well as waste management. Save water, save
electricity, promote cleanliness and manage waste to become smart
campus.Shri Javadekar praised the efforts made by the various departments of
Ministry of HRD for organising such ranking system which is in line with
Swachh Bharat Mission and contributing toward a cleaner India. He said, we
should participate in these programmes to inform others too.
3. An exercise to rank Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) on the basis of
cleanliness and hygiene has been undertaken and concluded.
4. Parameters for a clean campus were formulated, like student/toilet ratio,
kitchen hygiene, availability of running water, modernity of toilet & kitchen
equipment, campus green cover, garbage disposal in hostels and academic
buildings, disposal techniques, water supply systems and also a certain
weightage to whether the institutions has adopted any neighbouring locality or
village to spread awareness & activities in Swachhta.
5. About 3500 HEIs responded to the online invitation, submitting all their
details as per format. The top 174 institutions were shortlisted as per criteria
and officials from UGC and AICTE inspected the premises of all 174
institutions.
6. Finally, the top 25 institutions across various categories like Universities,
Technical Institutions, Colleges and Government institutions were
selected and they were awarded on the occasion. This exercise will help
generate peer pressure amongst institutions in the all important area of
cleanliness.
7. Clusters of villages have been adopted by certain HEIs under the Unnat Bharat
Abhiyan programme in consultation with District Collectors. All Collectors and
HEIs under the programme were invited to participate in the Best Collector &
HEI Award by converting, before 31st August 2017, One Village into Open
Defecation Free, with solid and liquid waste facility.
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8. Many participated in the exercise and finally, 5 districts completed the exercise
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Medak, Jhabua, Warangal, Ajmer and Indore. The Collectors made
01-15 Sep 2017
presentations in MHRD on 5th September 2017 on their achievement. Those 5
Collectors along with the HEIs assisting them were awarded on the occasion.
List of Institutions awarded on Swachhata Rankings
Institution Place State
University
1. O. P. Jindal Global University, Sonipat Sonipat Haryana
2. MANIPAL UNIVERSITY, JAIPUR Jaipur Rajasthan
3. Chitkara University, Kalu Jhanda (Barotiwala), Solan Solan HP
K.L.E. Academy of Higher Education and Research, Belgaum Karnataka
4. Belgaum
5. Dayalbagh Educational Institute, Agra Agra UP
Colleges
1. Kongu Arts and Science College Erode TN
Vidya Pratishthans Arts, Commerce & Science Pune Maharashtra
2. College, M.I.D.C.Baramati, Pune 413100
3. RAMAKRISHNA MISSION VIVEKANANDA COLLEGE Chennai TN
4. Vivekanandha College of Arts & Science (W) Tiruchengode TN
5. S N R Sons College Coimbatore TN
6. K.G. College of Arts and Science Coimbatore TN
Technical institutions
1. Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore Coimbatore TN
2. Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation,Guntur Guntur AP
3. Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Chennai TN
Institute, Chennai
4. Vivekanandha College of Engineering for Women Tiruchengode TN
5. R.M.D Engineering College Chennai TN
6. R.M.K Engineering College Chennai TN
7. ABES INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY, GHAZIABAD Ghaziabad UP
Government institutions
1. G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar UK
2. Madurai Kamraj University, Madurai TN
3. Alagappa University, Alagappa Nagar, Karaikudi TN
4. National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur HP
5. Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati Assam
6. Govt Post-graduate College for Girls, Sector-11 Chandigarh UT
7. Punjab University Chandigarh Punjab
INTERNATIONAL
Global drone registry
The United Nations aviation agency is backing the creation of a single global
drone registry, as part of broader efforts to come up with common rules for flying and
tracking unmanned aircraft. While the International Civil Aviation Organization cannot
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impose regulations on countries, ICAO has proposed formation of the registry during
a Montreal symposium this month to make data accessible in real time.
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01-15 Sep 2017
What
1. The single registry would eschew multiple databases in favor of a one-stop-
shop that would allow law enforcement to remotely identify and track
unmanned aircraft, along with their operator and owner.
2. The initiative comes at a time when drone usage is soaring in the United States,
Europe and China, raising privacy concerns and fears of collisions with
commercial jets.
3. The proposal, however, could face push back from users, after hobbyists
successfully challenged the creation of a US drone registry by the Federal
Aviation Administration in court earlier this year.
4. ICAO will host the symposium from Sept 22-23 on issues like registering
and tracking drones, along with geofencing-like systems to prevent their
operation in restricted areas.
5. The talks will be at an event attended by experts and companies like Google,
Rockwell Collins and Amazon.com.
6. Montreal-headquartered ICAO, which normally sets standards for international
civil aviation that are adopted by its 191-member countries, was asked to
assist in the development of more uniform domestic drone regulations because
the remotely-piloted aircraft are sold and flown globally.
9th BRICS summit
The 9th BRICS summit was held in Xiamen, China. The theme of the summit was
Stronger Partnership for brighter Future. It was for second time the summit was hosted
in China after 2011 summit. At the end of the summit all BRICS leaders adopted Xiamen
declaration and four documents were signed in presence of BRICS Leaders. Which are?
1. Strategic Framework of BRICS Customs Cooperation
2. BRICS Action Plan for Innovation Cooperation(2017-2020)
3. BRICS Action Agenda on Economic and Trade Cooperation
4. MoU between BRICS Business Council and New Development Bank on Strategic
Cooperation
Xiamen declaration
1. Strive towards broad Flashback
partnerships: BRICS countries 1. BRICS is acronym for an
agreed to strive towards broad association of five major
partnerships with emerging emerging national economies viz,
markets and developing countries Brazil, Russia, India, China and
and pursue equal-footed and South Africa. It was established
flexible practices and initiatives in 2009.
for dialogue and cooperation with 2. Originally it was known as BRIC
non-BRICS countries, including before inclusion of South Africa in
through BRICS Plus cooperation 2011. The first formal summit was
(It includes Thailand, Tajikistan, held in Yekaterinburg, Russia in
Egypt, Kenya and Mexico). 2009.
2. BRICS local currency bond 3. They are home to 42% of the
markets: Member countries worlds population. Their total
resolved to promote development share in the global economy has
of BRICS local currency bond risen from 12% to 23% in the past
markets and agreed to jointly decade and collectively contributes
establish a BRICS local them more than half of global
currency bond fund and facilitate growth.
financial market integration.
3. R&D and innovation in ITC: They agreed to enhance joint research,
development and innovation in information and communications technology
(ICT), including internet of things (IoT), big data analytics, cloud computing,
nanotechnology, artificial intelligence, 5G and their innovative
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applications.
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4. Cooperation on energy: They agreed to strengthen BRICS cooperation on
energy and work to foster open, flexible and transparent markets for energy
commodities and technologies.
5. Promote effective use of fossil fuels: They also agreed to work together to
promote most effective use of fossil fuels and wider use of gas, hydro and
nuclear power to move towards low emission economy, better energy access and
sustainable development.
6. BRICS Agriculture Research Platform: It is proposed to be established in India
which will serve as virtual network facilitating cooperation in priority areas.
7. Broad counterterrorism coalition: They called upon international community
to establish genuinely broad counterterrorism coalition and support UNs
central coordinating role in this regard.
8. People-to-People exchanges: It should be promoted for development and
enhancing mutual understanding, friendship and cooperation among BRICS
countries.
New ASEAN Cyber Drill
The ASEAN Computer Emergency Response Team Incident Drill (ACID) was held
in Hanoi, Danang, and Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. This year it was 12th year of drills
as part of subregions response to growing cyber challenges witnessed in recent years.
ACIDs objective is to test and enhance incident response as well as broader cooperation
and coordination among ASEAN CERTS as well as some of their key dialogue partners. It
involves ten members of ASEAN as well as five dialogue partners Australia, China,
India, Japan, and South Korea.
What Flashback
1. The purpose of drill was to manage 1. ASEAN is a regional
challenges in cyber realm focused on organisation that aims to
areas like incident response, promote intergovernmental
confidence-building, and cyber cooperation and economic
capacity-building. integration amongst its
2. These realms ranged from members.
cybersecurity working group within 2. It consists of 10-member
ASEAN Defense Ministers Meeting countries- Brunei,
Plus to new ASEAN Cyber Capacity Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos,
Program introduced in 2016 by Malaysia, Myanmar,
Singapore. Philippines, Singapore,
3. It also focused on reinforcing Thailand and Vietnam.
coordination among actors as well as 3. It came into existence on
boosting skills in areas such as August 8, 1967, after ASEAN
investigating incidents and analyzing declaration (also known as
malicious codes. Bangkok Declaration).
4. In 2016, ACID had focused on several
areas including Ransomware and
cyber forensics, in line with ongoing efforts to ensure that CERTS are up to date
with current challenges in cyber realm.
Working groups to promote exports
India and China have agreed to set up industry specific working groups for
increasing exports with a view to bridge trade deficit with Beijing, Commerce Minister
Suresh Prabhu said on 9 September 2017. Concerned about growing trade deficit with
China, we agreed to set up industry specific working groups, to promote more exports
from India.
What
1. Commerce Minister Suresh Prabhu is in Manila, the Philippines to attend
the fifth East Asia Summit (EAS) Economic Ministers' Meeting.
2. The minister would also participate in the trade ministers' meeting of 16 RCEP
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member countries.
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3. Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) is a mega trade pact
among 16 countries which aims to cover goods, services, investments, economic
and technical cooperation, competition and intellectual property rights.
4. At the sidelines of EAS meet, the minister met his Chinese counterpart Zhong
Shan to discuss ways to promote bilateral trade between the countries.
5. India's trade deficit with China narrowed marginally to $51.08 billion in 2016-
17 from $52.69 billion in 2015- 16.
6. India wants greater market access in China for its goods and services like IT
and pharma products. The country has also insisted upon China to increase
investments.
MoU between India and Morocco
The Union Cabinet chaired by the Prime Minister has given its approval for signing
of a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) between India and Morocco on cooperation
in the field of health.
The MoU covers the following areas of cooperation:-
1. Non-communicable diseases, including child cardiovascular diseases and
cancer;
2. Drug Regulation and Pharmaceutical quality control;
3. Communicable Diseases;
4. Maternal, child and neonatal health;
5. Hospital twinning for exchange of good practices;
6. Training in administration and management of health services and Hospitals;
7. Any other area of cooperation as may be mutually decided upon.
8. A Working Group will be set up to further elaborate the details of cooperation
and to oversee the implementation of this MoU.
India signs 11 agreements with Myanmar
India and Myanmar on 6 September 2017 signed 11 agreements in a range of
sectors, including one on maritime security cooperation, to further strengthen their
multifaceted partnership. The MoUs were signed after Prime Minister Narendra Modi held
wide-ranging talks with Myanmars State Counsellor Aung San Suu Kyi.
What
1. India and Myanmar signed an MoU to strengthen maritime security
cooperation.
2. The two sides also signed an agreement for sharing white shipping
information to improve data sharing on non-classified merchant navy ships or
cargo ships.
3. The 11 MoUs also include one between the Election Commission and Union
Election of Myanmar, the national level electoral commission of Myanmar.
4. An MoU was also signed to organise cultural exchange programme for the
period 2017-2020, according to a statement issued by Ministry of External
Affairs.
5. The two countries also signed agreements on cooperation between Myanmar
Press Council and Press Council of India, extension of agreement on the
establishment of India-Myanmar Centre for Enhancement of IT skill.
6. They also signed agreements to cooperate in Medical Products Regulation
and in the field of health and medicine.
7. They also signed an MoU on enhancing the cooperation on upgradation of
the womens police training centre at Yamethin in Myanmar.
8. Modi arrived here on the second leg of his two-nation trip during which he
travelled to southeastern Chinese city Xiamen where he attended the annual
BRICS summit and held talks with Chinese President Xi Jinping, Russian
President Vladimir Putin and other world leaders.
9. This is Modis first bilateral visit to Myanmar. He had visited the country in
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2014 to attend the ASEAN-India Summit.

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10. Myanmar is one of Indias strategic neighbours and shares a 1,640-km-long
border with a number of northeastern states including militancy-hit Nagaland
and Manipur.
India, Japan ink 15 MoUs
India and Japan on 14 September 2017 signed 15 memorandums of
understanding (MoUs), which dealt with wide-ranging issues such as bilateral relations,
defence and security cooperation, and supporting each other for a permanent seat in the
United Nations expanded Security Council.
Some Agreements
1. MoU on International Academic and Sports Exchange
2. MoC in field of Japanese Language Education in India
3. Exchange of RoD on Civil Aviation Cooperation (Open Sky)
4. MOC between Ministry of Home Affairs and Cabinet Office of Japan
5. India-Japan Investment Promotion Road map between DIPP and METI
6. MoU between DBT and National Institute of Advanced Science & Technology
(AIST)
7. Arrangement between India Post and Japan Post for the Implementation of Cool
EMS service.
8. MoU between RIS and IDE-JETRO for promotion of Cooperation in Research
Related Activities.
9. MOC between METI and Gujarat on Japan-India special programme for
Make In India in Mandal Bechraj-Khoraj in Gujarat
10. India-Japan Act East Forum: To enhance connectivity and promote
developmental projects in North East India in efficient and effective manner.
11. Joint Research Contract Indias Department of Biotechnology (DBT) and
between National Institutes of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST),
Japan.
12. Agreement for International joint exchange programme between interdisciplinary
theoretical and mathematical sciences programme, RIKEN and National Centres
for Biological Sciences.
Foundation stone for bullet train
Indias first high-speed rail project (bullet train) project was jointly laid by Prime
Minister Narendra Modi and his Japanese counterpart Shinzo Abe at Sabarmati Station
ground in Ahmedabad. The 508km-long Mumbai to Ahmedabad High Speed Rail
(MAHSR) Project will be built at cost of Rs 1.10 lakh crore. It is expected to be completed
by 2022 (It was recently advanced by year
from earlier deadline of 2023). Indias second bullet train project
What 1. The Indian Railways will launch
1. MAHSR project is joint venture countrys second high-speed train
between Indian Railways and project between Delhi and
Japans Shinkansen Amritsar (Punjab) via Chandigarh.
Technology. 2. The project will be completed by
2. The train will cover distance 2024. Train on this route will run
of over 508 km from on standard broad gauge and cover
Sabarmati (Gujarat) to Bandra 458-km-long route in 2 hours and
(Mumbai, Maharashtra) in 30 minutes running at a speed of
around 2.58 hours at high speed 300-350 kmph, reducing travel time
of 320 kph from the existing 7-8 by about two and half hours
hours. In case of rapid high- between both destinations.
speed, it will cover the distance 3. Proposed stops on this route are
in 2.07 hours. Ambala, Chandigarh, Ludhiana,
3. On the Ahmedabad-Mumbai Jalandhar.
route, 12 stations have been
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proposed: Mumbai, Thane, Virar, Boisar, Vapi, Bilimora, Surat, Bharuch,

Vadodara, Anand, Ahmedabad and Sabarmati.
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4. Total project cost of Rs.1,10,000-crore, 80% cost of Rs 88,000 crore will be
provided by Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) as soft loan at
interest of 0.1% per annum. This loan will be repaid to Japan in 50 years,
with 15 years grace period.
ECONOMY
Task force for employment
In a bid to provide a major thrust to job creation by enhancing Indias exports,
the NITI Aayog has set up a task force to be headed by its Vice-Chairman Rajiv Kumar.
The task force, which includes government and private sector representatives, will submit
its report by November.
The objectives
1. The task force will propose a comprehensive plan of action to generate
employment and alleviate under-employment in both goods and services
sectors and low wages by boosting Indias exports in key labour-intensive
industries, as per its terms of reference.
2. Its other terms of reference include suggesting ways to enhance the availability
of data on trade such that it is reliable, globally comparable and timely,
particularly with respect to trade in services.
3. Recommending sector-specific policy interventions in key employment
sectors, measures to enhance trade in serviceswith high employment
potential, identifying key macroeconomic factors constraining exports and
suggesting methods to address these constraints, assessing the effectiveness of
existing schemes to promote exports and issues related to logistics, export
credits and trade facilitation are its other terms of reference.
GoM panel on exports
Finance Minister Arun Jaitley constituted a Group of Ministers (GoM) to monitor
and resolve the IT challenges faced in the implementation of Goods and Services Tax
(GST). He also set up a committee on exports to look at the issues of export sector and to
recommend to the GST Council a suitable strategy for helping the export sector in the
post-GST scenario.
What
1. This move follows the decisions taken to this effect in the 21st meeting of
the GST council in Hyderabad on September 9.
2. Sushil Kumar Modi, Deputy Chief Minister of Bihar, will be the convenor of
GoM, Revenue Secretary Hasmukh Adhia will be the convenor for the committee
on exports.
3. The other members of the GoM are Amar Agarwal, Minister for Commercial
Taxes, Government of Chhatisgarh; Krishna Byregowda, Minister for
Agriculture, Government of Karnataka; T.M. Thomas Isaac, Finance Minister,
Government of Kerala and Etela Rajendar, Finance Minister, Government of
Telengana.
4. The GoM will be assisted in its work by the Chairman, Goods and Services
Tax Network (GSTN) and the Chief Executive Officer, GSTN.
IT ministry asks banks to upgrade UPI
The union information technology ministry has asked all banks to issue upgraded
versions of their Unified Payments Interface (UPI) apps which will support payments
using BharatQR code too. The move is aimed at creating a single QR code by integrating
UPI QR with BharatQR.
What
1. Bharat QR is a common quick response (QR) code released by major card
payment companiesNational Payments Corp. of India (NPCI) that runs
RuPay cards, MasterCard and Visaunder instructions from the Reserve Bank
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of India (RBI) on 20 February.

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2. UPI app for State Bank of India (SBI) has been renamed as BHIM SBI Pay from
SBI Pay. Similarly, other bank apps have too been renamed.
3. The government is planning to develop a common merchant app for BHIM
which will support Bharat QR code for all categories of merchants.
4. The aim is to create a seamless network with a single app and a QR code for
mobile transactions, said a person familiar with the development.
5. The NPCI is working on integrating the Bharat QR code with Bharat
Interface for Money (BHIM) app.
6. BHIM app was launched on 30 December by Prime Minister Narendra Modi. It
supports payments by scanning UPI QR codes (both static and dynamic). UPI
was launched by NPCI and it facilitates instant fund transfer between two bank
accounts on the mobile platform.
7. There are five constituents of BharatQRMastercard, Visa, American
Express, RuPay and now we have UPI. Most of the banks have not yet changed
their apps, only BHIM app has incorporated BharatQR.
8. So, now the government is asking every bank having a UPI app to undergo a
change to introduce the ability to read BharatQR as a part of their UPI app.
9. Transactions using UPI rose to a record 16.61 million in August, a seven-fold
increase since December, according to NPCI. UPI was launched in August 2016
with 21 banks, and is currently being offered by about 55 banks.
10. The push towards QR-based payments will revolutionize the retail payments
landscape. The QR code is going to reduce the cost of infrastructure for
these retail merchants; they may or may not use the point-of-sale (POS)
machines for transactions. Customers on the other hand, will have more
payment options at the terminal.
The government is planning to launch a promotional drive for BharatQR from 2
October and ensure that all the government departments and PSUs display the code to
facilitate payment of various kinds of utility bills and tax payments, said another person
familiar with the development, requesting anonymity.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

Policy group forms for AI
Amid a raging global debate on the consequences of artificial intelligence (AI),
India has formed a policy group to study the new technologies and recommend a
framework for its adoption, IT industry body Nasscom said. Policy group has been
created by the Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology with representation
from the academia, which has done a lot of research on the subject, and Nasscom for the
industrys perspective.
What
1. The group will focus on aspects such as skilling the workforce, privacy,
security and fixing responsibility if anything goes wrong.
2. For creation a thought leadership on what is this programme all about, what is
the likely impact. Create a thought leadership when AI becomes a reality, what
are the elements and subelements which need to be taken care of, how do we
take care of that.
3. Nasscom will be holding a stakeholders consultative meeting on what is
required from a policy perspective by the end of the year for the same.
4. Meanwhile, there are over 800 multinationals such as Intel, Boeing, Bosch,
Goldman Sachs, Morgan Stanley that have set up their global in-house centres
in the country and create $20 billion of work every year, growing at 10 per cent
which is faster than the services export.
New malware detected in India
A new malware Xafecopy Trojan has been detected in India which steals money
16
through victims' mobile phones, cyber security firm Kaspersky said in a report. Around 40
per cent of target of the malware has been detected in India. Kaspersky Lab experts have
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01-15 Sep 2017
uncovered a mobile malware targeting the WAP billing payment method, stealing money
through victims' mobile accounts without their knowledge, the report said.
What
1. Xafecopy Trojan is disguised as useful apps like BatteryMaster, and operates
normally. The Trojan secretly loads malicious code onto the device.
2. Once the app is activated, the Xafecopy malware clicks on web pages
with Wireless Application Protocol (WAP) billing - a form of mobile payment
that charges costs directly to the user's mobile phone bill. After this, the
malware silently subscribes the phone to a number of services, the report said.
3. The process also does not require user to register a debit or credit card or set up
a username and password.
4. The malware uses technology to bypass 'captcha' systems designed to protect
users by confirming the action is being performed by a human. In the captcha
system, websites show a set of some letter or numbers which are required to be
manually filled by the user.
5. Xafecopy hit more than 4,800 users in 47 countries within the space of a
month, with 37.5 per cent of the attacks detected and blocked by Kaspersky
Lab products targeting India, followed by Russia, Turkey and Mexico.
Fast paper-based tuberculosis test
Scientists have developed a fast, paper-based test to diagnose tuberculosis that
can be read with a smartphone, a technology that is increasingly available in emerging
economies. Diagnosing tuberculosis (TB) early can allow patients to receive the medicine
they need and also help prevent the disease from spreading. However, in resource-limited
areas, equipment requirements and long wait times for results are obstacles to diagnosis
and treatment. To tackle this problem, Chien-Fu Chen from National Taiwan University and
colleagues come up with a more practical diagnostic test that can be read with a
smartphone.
What
1. The researchers combined gold nanoparticles with fluorescent single-
stranded DNA sequences that bind to the genetic material of Mycobacterium
tuberculosis, the bacteria that cause TB.
2. These nanoparticles were then incorporated into a paper-based device. Adding
even a minute amount of lab-derived, double-stranded DNA from M tuberculosis
changed the colour of the test spots within an hour.
3. A smartphone camera was used to analyse the colour change to determine
the bacterial concentration. The researchers also tested a tissue sample from
an infected patient to further demonstrate that the device could be used in the
field.
4. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that in 2015, 1.4 million people
died from TB, with most of these deaths occurring in low- and middle-income
countries, researchers said.
5. Early diagnosis could help curb these numbers. However, conventional methods
such as sputum smear microscopy, chest X-rays and molecular-based tests
require equipment, electricity and specialised personnel that are not always
available in remote or developing areas.
Mystery signals detected
A mission to explore intelligent alien life in the universe has recorded some
mysterious signals coming from a galaxy three billion light years away, according to an
Indian-origin scientist working on the ambitious project co-founded by Stephen
Hawking. Vishal Gajjar is part of the team working under the Breakthrough Listen
project - set up by Hawking, one of the world's best-known scientists, and Russian
billionaire Yuri Milner - to discover the truth about the universe.
What
1. The latest fast radio bursts (FRBs) prove their equipment is working well and
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ready to pick up signs of life if they exist.

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2. If some form of life would like to produce a signal that is detectable to another
civilisation this could be a way to do it, but I don't think they are coming from
intelligent civilisations noted Gajjar.
3. There are more theories than the number of sources. We have opened more
questions than answers.
4. Breakthrough Listen is a USD 100-million global astronomical initiative
launched in 2015 by Hawking and Miller and has teams around the world
using their telescopes to look for evidence of life.
5. The initial 10-year programme will survey the 1,000,000 closest stars to
Earth, scanning the entire galactic plane of the Milky Way.
6. Beyond our galaxy it will listen for messages from the 100 closest galaxies at 10
billion different frequencies.
7. At first scientists thought the signals were the fallout from a
catastrophic event in space, like a supernova, but then they repeated again in
2015 and 2016 suggesting the whatever object produced them was still there.
8. In the fresh experiment, which will be elaborated upon in scientific journals in
future, University of California, Berkeley, experts scanned the same galaxy at a
higher frequency than which had been used to see the original bursts, and
found 15 more.
Second-fastest-spinning pulsar discovered
Scientists have identified the second-fastest known pulsar, spinning at more than
42,000 revolutions per minute and located between 3,200 and 5,700 light-years away.
A pulsar is the core of a massive star that exploded as a supernova. In this stellar
remnant, also called a neutron star, the equivalent mass of half a million Earths is
crushed into a magnetised, spinning ball no larger than Washington DC. The rotating
magnetic field powers beams of radio waves, visible light, X-rays and gamma rays. If a
beam happens to sweep across Earth, astronomers observe regular pulses of
emission and classify the object as a pulsar. By following up on mysterious high-energy
sources mapped out by NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, the Netherlands-
based Low Frequency Array (LOFAR) radio telescope detected the pulsar.
What
1. The object, named PSR J0952-0607 - or J0952 for short - is classified as a
millisecond pulsar and is located between 3,200 and 5,700 light-years away in
the constellation Sextans.
2. The pulsar contains about 1.4 times the Sun's mass and is orbited every 6.4
hours by a companion star that has been whittled away to less than 20 times
the mass of the planet Jupiter.
3. At some point in this system's history, matter began streaming from the
companion and onto the pulsar, gradually raising its spin to 707 rotations a
second, or more than 42,000 rpm, and greatly increasing its emissions.
Eventually, the pulsar began evaporating its companion, and this process
continues today.
4. Due to their similarity to spiders that consume their mates, systems like J0952
are called black widow or redback pulsars, depending on how much of the
companion star remains.
5. Most of the known systems of these types were found by following up Fermi
unassociated sources.
6. LOFAR picked up pulses from J0952 at radio frequencies around 135 MHz,
which is about 45 per cent lower than the lowest frequencies of conventional
radio searches.
7. The pulsars could rotate as fast as 72,000 rpm before breaking apart, yet the
fastest spin known - by PSR J1748-2446ad, reaching nearly 43,000 rpm - is
just 60 per cent of the theoretical maximum.
Artificial colourful clouds
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NASA has finally launched a sounding rocket that created artificial colourful
clouds that were visible from New York to North Carolina. The NASA Terrier-Improved
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01-15 Sep 2017
Malemute sounding rocket was successfully launched from the agency's Wallops Flight
Facility in Virginia.
What
1. During the eight-minute flight, 10 canisters about the size of a soft
drink can were ejected in space, about nine to 19 km away from the main
payload.
2. The canisters deployed blue-green and red vapour that formed artificial
clouds.
3. During an ionosphere or aurora science mission, these clouds, or vapour
tracers, allow scientists on the ground to visually track particle motions in
space.
4. The development of the multi-canister ampoule ejection system would allow
scientists to gather information over a much larger area than previously
possible when deploying the tracers just from the main payload.
5. The rocket, after being delayed multiple times over the last 30 days, flew to an
altitude of about 190 km.
Pluto Mountains
Two mountain ranges on Pluto have been named after Tenzing
Norgay and Edmund Hillary respectively by the International Astronomical Union, which
for the first time, has officially approved the naming of 14 features on the icy dwarf
planet. These are the first geological features on the planet to be named following the close
flyby by the New Horizons spacecraft in July 2015.
What
1. The names pay homage to the underworld mythology, pioneering space
missions, historic pioneers who crossed new horizons in exploration, and
scientists and engineers associated with Pluto and the Kuiper Belt.
2. This is the first set of official names of surface features on Pluto to be approved
by the Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature of the
International Astronomical Union (IAU), the internationally recognised
authority for naming celestial bodies and their surface features.
3. NASAs New Horizons team proposed the names to the IAU following the first
reconnaissance of Pluto and its moons by the New Horizons spacecraft.
4. Tenzing Montes and Hillary Montes are mountain ranges honouring Tenzing
Norgay (1914-1986) and Sir Edmund Hillary (1919-2008), the Indian/Nepali
Sherpa and New Zealand mountaineer who were the first to reach the summit
of Mount Everest and return safely.
5. The approved Pluto surface feature names include the Burney crater that
honours Venetia Burney (1918-2009), who as an 11-year-old schoolgirl
suggested the name Pluto for Clyde Tombaughs newly discovered planet.
6. Sputnik Planitia is a large plain named after Sputnik 1, the first space
satellite, launched by the Soviet Union in 1957.
7. Djanggawul Fossae defines a network of long, narrow depressions named for the
Djanggawuls, three ancestral beings in indigenous Australian mythology who
travelled between the island of the dead and Australia, creating the landscape
and filling it with vegetation.
8. Sleipnir Fossa is named for the powerful, eight-legged horse of Norse
mythology that carried the god Odin into the underworld.
9. Virgil Fossae honours Virgil, one of the greatest Roman poets and Dantes
fictional guide through hell and purgatory in the Divine Comedy. Hayabusa
Terra is a large land mass named in honour of the Japanese spacecraft and
mission (2003-2010) that returned the first asteroid sample.
10. Voyager Terra honours the pair of NASA spacecraft, launched in 1977, that
performed the first grand tour of all four giant planets. Tartarus Dorsa is a
ridge named for Tartarus, the deepest, darkest pit of the underworld in Greek
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mythology.
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Worlds biggest X-ray goes into operation
Scientists in Germany say the worlds largest X-ray laser is now in operation and
will help them capture images of structures and processes at an atomic level. The DESY
research center near Hamburg said the laser that went online flashes 27,000 pulses per
second, resulting in a luminance a billion times higher than the best conventional X-ray
sources. The array is a 3.4-kilometre long underground system, similar to the Large
Hadron Collider that found evidence of the Higgs boson particle, at Cern, Switzerland.
DESY says it will enable researchers to decipher the molecular composition of viruses
and cells, take three-dimensional images of the nanoworld, film chemical reactions and
study processes occurring deep inside planets.
What
1. Scientists hope the European XFEL project will open up new areas of
research.
2. This is expected to majorly benefit atomic models, where an advanced
understanding of biomolecular structures and process will be studied.
3. The laser array will also be able to show processes that can analyse
biomolecular reactions, the basis for drug synthesis and modification.
4. Institutions from Germany, France, Italy, Poland, Russia, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland and other countries are involved in the project. Scientists
interested in applying for the project need to consider the beam time, the
research period of 1-2 weeks that each project group shall be allocated.
5. Laser beams have been on in Hamburg since August 28, in anticipation of the
launch.
6. Researchers are preparing their first experiments, which have been scheduled
for mid-September.
MISCELLANEOUS
Expat Insider survey 2017
India is one of the least favourite places to
live and work in for expats, according to
Quick snapshot
InterNations' Expat Insider 2017 survey. Sitting
at rank 57 on the list of 65 nations, India features 1. Poor performance in
in the 'bottom 10' of the list, along with Turkey Family Life Index
(56), Qatar (58), Ukraine (59), Italy (60), Saudi 2. Long working hours with
Arabia (61), Brazil (62), Nigeria (63), Kuwait (64), 47.7 hour full-time
Greece (65). Compared to the 2016 survey; India working week
slipped by eight positions in 2017. In the current 3. 9th place in Personal
survey, Bahrain leaped from the nineteenth spot Finance Index
to the 1st due to "ease of settling in and career 4. In bottom 5 for quality of
satisfaction". Costa Rica (rank 2), Mexico (3), life
Taiwan (4), and Portugal (5) were also among the top 5. Nearly 30% unhappy with
destinations for expats. According to the survey, personal safety
while high salaries, combined with cheap living
6. Culture shock makes it
costs, can allow expats to lead a "life of luxury" in
challenging to settle in life.
India, they "still struggle with pollution and
culture shock".
What
1. The Expat Insider survey is conducted each year by InterNations, a network
of 2.8 million expats based in Munich. It aims to capture the views of millions
of executives, skilled workers, students and retirees who live outside the
country where they grew up.
2. Further, according to respondents to the survey, it appears that India is not a
welcoming place for female expats. The most popular reason, according to the
20
survey, among female respondents (31 per cent) for moving to India is their
partners job or education. "Sadly, life is not always straightforward for
Page
01-15 Sep 2017
women in India: over half (52 per cent) say that there were instances where
they felt unwelcome due to their gender.
3. Expats face serious security problems when moving to India. "Before moving
to India, over one-third of respondents (36 per cent) believed that the move
could have a negative impact on their personal safety. This did not change upon
arrival, and nearly three in ten respondents (29 per cent) continue to be
unhappy with this aspect.
4. Other problems include dealing with pollution, a 'poor work life', and a
'disappointing family life'.
5. InterNations survey, expats are happy with India's low cost of living and the
high salaries they command in the country.
Saakshar Bharat Puraskaar 2017
The National level function to celebrate 51st International Literacy Day was
organised by the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Government of India in New
Delhi on 8 September 2017. Honorable Vice President of India, Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu was
the Chief Guest on this occasion. The Vice President, Shri M. Venkaiah Naidu also
presented the Saakshar Bharat Awards 2017 to the winners at state, district and
panchayat level.
SLMA (State) 1. State Literacy Mission Authority, Bhopal, MP.

Zilla Lok 1. Jashpur District of Chhattisgarh
Shiksha Samitis 2. Dantewada District of Chhattisgarh
(Districts) 3. Tikamgarh District of Madhya Pradesh
Gram Panchayat 1. Vellampalli Gram Panchayat, Parakala Block, Warangal

Lok Shiksha Rural Dist., Telangana
Samitis (GPLSSs) 2. Karmaha Gram Panchayat, Surguja, Chhattisgarh
3. Dumari Kalan Gram Panchayat, Majorganj Block,
Sitamarhi Dist., Bihar
4. Temri Gram Panchayat, Dharsiva Block, Raipur Dist.,
Chhattisgarh
5. Gadamallaiah Guda Gram Panchayat, Yacharam Block,
Ranga Reddy Dist., Telangana
Resource 1. State Resource Center, Indore, Madhya Pradesh
Support 2. Jan Shikshan Sansthan, Mahbubnagar,
Organisations Telangana
THE World University Rankings 2018

Poor performance in internationalisation of their campuses and a low research score
have pulled down Indian higher education institutes such as the Indian Institute of
Science (IISc) and some of the Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) in the Times
Higher Education (THE) World University Rankings 2018. While IISc has dropped from
the 201-250 band in the previous rankings to the 251-300 bands, IIT-Delhi and IIT-
Kanpur have fallen from the 401-500 band to the 501-600 band. IIT-Madras fell from the
401-500 band to the 601-800 cohort. The drop comes at a time when the IITs have sought
more funds under the human resources development ministrys Vishwajeet project aimed
at helping them climb in global academic rankings.
What
1. Times Higher Education on 5 September 2017 published the 14th annual
edition of its World University Rankings, a list of the top 1,000 universities
from 77 countries. According to THE, Indias performance has deteriorated,
21
with its number of universities in the top 1,000 declining from 31 to 30.
2. The University of Oxford retains first place in the World University
Page
Rankings. The University of Cambridge climbs two places to second,
01-15 Sep 2017
overtaking the California Institute of Technology and Stanford University, both
joint third. While the US continues to dominate the rankings, Chinese
universities are climbing rapidly.
3. As leading universities in other Asian territories such as China, Hong Kong
and Singapore are consistently rising up the rankings, in part thanks to high
and sustained levels of funding, Indias flagship Indian Institute of Science
moves further away from the elite top 200.
World giving index for 2017
The eighth edition of the Charities Aid Foundation (CAF) World Giving Index
2017 indicates that global giving has declined across continents with only
Africa recording a positive
shift in giving habits. The
report bases its findings on
three parameters: number of
people donating
money, volunteering
time and helping a stranger.
Asia, unlike Africa, has seen a
decline in all three giving
behaviours with helping a
stranger decreasing from
51% to 47%, donating
money from 37% to 33% and
volunteering down to 21%.
Countries such as Ireland,
Germany, Norway and the UK have scores which have decreased between 1 to 5
percentage points and the US has slipped to the fifth position, its lowest ranking since
2011.
What
1. Global decline can be attributed to political environments in individual
countries. For example, the report indicates even though Myanmar has
retained the top slot for the fourth time, its percentage score is down by 5
points. This can be attributed to the political environment in the country which
has changed in the last few years.
2. Indias ranking has improved to 81 from 91. But there is still room for
improvement, if India wants to beat its 2013 ranking of 69.
3. The CAF World Giving Index 2017 is primarily based on data from Gallups
World View World Poll, which covered 139 countries that together represent
around 95% of the worlds population (around 5.2 billion people).
4. According to the index, 80 countries saw a decrease in the proportion of
people helping a stranger. This reduction was seen both in developing and
developed economies while a decrease in donation of money was more
prominent in developed countries. In fact, the proportion of people across the
world who reported donating money in 2016when the research for this years
report was conductedis the lowest in three years.
5. Given the shifts in stability of many global economies it is not surprising that
philanthropy is on a downswing globally. Philanthropy does get impacted when
economies are not entirely stable.
6. Like last year, India continues to rule when it comes to the number of
people participating, but it lags behind when the proportion of the population
participating is calculated. According to the data, 340 million Indians
participated in helping a stranger (down from 401 million during 2015), 265
million gave money (up from 203 million during 2015) and 256 million
volunteered (up from 200 million during 2015).
7. In India, the CSR (corporate social responsibility) norms that resonate in
22
every board room have made the development sector and related issues a
priority agenda.
Page
01-15 Sep 2017
8. This has led to a rise in number of people exploring philanthropy, giving, and
volunteering. This could be a contributing factor towards the Indian ranking
moving up by 10 places.
Energy efficiency award
Hyderabad International Airport Ltd has bagged the National Award for
Excellence in Energy Management 2017 at a conference hosted by the Confederation
of Indian Industry (CII).
What
1. The event held focused on recognising companies that are engaged in energy
efficiency initiatives and displaying commitment towards energy
conservation.
2. As a part of our Passenger is Prime initiative, It deployed eco-friendly
vehicles such as electricity powered buggys, ground handler vehicles, trolley
movers, and have even commissioned e-cars.
3. During the event, airport developer GMR made a presentation highlighting
the energy savings of around 14.8 million units (MU) over the last three years
and a drastic decline in green house gases (GHG) emissions after adopting
various energy saving measures at the airport.
PETN not found in UP Assembly
Around two months after Chief Minister Yogi Adityanath announced in UP Assembly that
forensic test has confirmed that powder recovered from a seat in the opposition
benches on July 12 was explosive material PETN (Pentaerythritol Tetranitrate), the
state government suspended Dr Shyam Bihari Upadhyay, director of the Forensic Science
Laboratory (FSL) in Lucknow for giving incorrect information about the test on recovered
powder.
What
1. The report that they received two days back from the Central Forensic Science
Laboratory in Hyderabad stated that recovered powder was not explosive
substance but Silicon Oxide (Quartz).
2. The National Investigation Agency (NIA) which is conducting investigation
into the recovery of powder from UP assembly had sent powder to Central
Forensic Science Laboratory for test.
3. Arvind Kumar said, Dr Upadhyaya has been suspended for different charges
including for giving incomplete and incorrect information on powder recovered
from UP assembly by stating it to be PETN.
4. The NIA took up investigation of the case on July 26 and registered an FIR
against unidentified persons on various sections of IPCs including 121-A (
punishment for waging, or attempting to wage war, or abetting waging of war,
against the Government of India), 120 B (conspiracy), Unlawful Activities
(Prevention) Act and Explosive Act.
International Literacy Day 2017
The 51st International Literacy Day is being celebrated on 8th September,
2017 at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi and the theme announced by UNESCO is `Literacy in
a digital world. The programme would include; felicitation to the dignitaries, distribution
of Saakshar Bharat Awards to the best performing States, Districts, Gram Panchayats and
NGOs.
What
1. The International Literacy Day is celebrated on 8th September every year
throughout the world. On this day, in the year 1965 the World Congress of
Ministers of Education met in Tehran for the first time to discuss the programme
of education at the international level.
2. The UNESCO in its 14th Session in November, 1966, declared 8th
September as the International Literacy Day. Since then, ILD is celebrated
on 8th September every year by most of the member countries.
23
3. The key aspect of the observance of ILD is to mobilize public opinion in

favour of struggle against illiteracy.
Page
01-15 Sep 2017
4. ILD is a forum to disseminate information on literacy and raise the public
awareness and the significance of literacy for individual and national
development.
5. The National Literacy Mission Authority started celebrating International
Literacy Day every year from 1988 onwards.
6. The eradication of illiteracy has been one of the major national concerns of the
Govt. of India since independence. The occasion of ILD is used for raising public
awareness to eradicate illiteracy and create environment in favour of adult
education programmes.
7. From 1996 onwards some new elements were introduced to make the
programme more attractive.
8. In the year 1996 a Mashal March was organized involving school students
and literacy functionaries. In subsequent years, variety of activities were
included as a part of ILD celebration.
World's First Processed Olive Tea
The olives which are being cultivated in the farms of Rajasthan since 2007 will
now reach Europe as the government of Rajasthan has inked a partnership agreement for
distribution across UK and the rest of Europe with Greenleaf Trading Company from the
United Kingdom. A MoU was signed between Government of Rajasthan and Olitia Foods
Pvt Ltd in GRAM 2016 for producing olive tea. Olitia Foods had promised an investment
of INR 10 crores for the same. This step aligns with Prime Minister Narendra Modis vision
of doubling the farmers income. It will be available in lemongrass, holy basil, exotic, mint
flavours.
What
1. In the first phase, they will span over UK and then venture to the other
European countries. This agreement has been made for a substantial amount
of olive tea.
2. Greanleaf plans to approach stores like Tesco and Sainsburys. Olitia Foods has
brewed up an alternate to green tea. After years of research, they have come up
with the worlds first processed olive tea.
3. This is the first time in the world that machinery has been tailor-made for
crushing, tearing and curling of the olive leaves.
4. It was in 2007 that the Government of Rajasthan started cultivating olives
considering that the climate there was suitable for olives. With the help of
technology from Israel, they had planted olives on 5000 hectares of land.
5. It will medically benefit those who suffer from mental stress, cardiac
disease.
Interim Chairman of GSTN
The Unique Identification Authority of Indias (UIDAI) chief executive officer
(CEO) A.B. Pandey was on 8 September 2017 appointed interim chairman of the goods
and services tax network (GSTN)the firm providing information technology (IT) backbone
and portal for registration and tax returns under the GST regime. Pandey was given
additional charge days after GSTNs first chairman Navin Kumar completed his term on
29 August.
What
1. A.B. Pandey, CEO, Unique Identification Authority of India is assigned the
additional charge of the post of chairman, GSTNwith immediate effect and
until further orders.
2. The UIDAI issues unique identification numbers (UID), named as Aadhaar, to all
residents of India.
3. Navin Kumar, former Indian Administrative Service (IAS) officer from Bihar
cadre, was the first chairman of GSTN. He was appointed as the firms
chairman in 17 May 2013 for three years, on completion of which his term was
extended, with the condition that he would remain in office till he turns 65.
24
4. The government has constituted a search committee for a new GSTN chairman
comprising senior officials from the department of revenue.
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01-15 Sep 2017
5. GSTN is a section 8 (under new companies Act, not-for-profit companies are
governed under section 8), non-government, private limited company.
6. It was incorporated on 28 March 2013 with the Government of India
holding 24.5% equity.
7. All states of the Indian union, including the national capital territory of Delhi
and Puducherry together holding an equivalent equity. The remaining 51%
equity is with non-government financial institutions.
8. The company was set up primarily to provide IT infrastructure and services to
the central and state governments, taxpayers and other stakeholders for
implementation of the GST.
Container Terminal of the Year Award, 2017
Jawaharlal Nehru Port Container Terminal (JNPCT) was awarded Container
Terminal of the Year Award for the above 0.6 million TEUs category at The Gateway
Awards 2017 held at Mumbai. The Jawaharlal Nehru Port owned JNPCT won the award for
its proactive strategies to ease congestion, smooth delivery of containers and
revamping of infrastructure to support trade amidst adverse conditions.
What
1. JNPCT has been able to create growth momentum in the last few years as a
result of various initiatives to increase the overall efficiency of the terminal and
the Port.
2. These initiatives have now started showing positive results and we will continue
to further increase our efficiency levels.
3. The Gateway Award was instituted to recognise and promote best
practices, innovation and motivation in the Indian Maritime industry.
4. The tenth edition of the Gateway Awards showcased the outstanding
achievements and exceptional accomplishments of individuals and
organisations in the Indian Maritime industry.
First female president in Singapore
Singapore inaugurated its first female president amid stinging criticism that she
is taking office without a vote. Halimah Yacob, a former speaker of parliament from the
Malay Muslim minority, won the presidency in a walkover after authorities decided her
rivals did not meet strict eligibility criteria. While the role is largely ceremonial, the
president has veto powers on key government appointments and safeguards the country's
substantial financial reserves.
What
1. The president also pledged to be independent in exercising her custodial powers
over the reserves, which are rarely tapped by the government.
2. Halimah was a member of parliament for the ruling People's Action
Party for nearly two decades before resigning to contest the presidency.
3. Authorities decided to allow only candidates from the Malay community to foster
harmony in the city-state of 5.5 million people which is dominated by ethnic
Chinese, and give more opportunities to minorities.
4. Halimah is the first Malay president of Singapore for almost five decades.
The last was Yusof Ishak, president from 1965 to 1970, the first years of the
city-state's independence.
National Hindi Divas
The National Hindi Divas is observed on 14 September in Hindi speaking regions of India
and other countries with Hindi speaking population. This day aims to propagate Hindi
language and its cultural heritage and values. It also seeks to promote Hindi as matra
bhasha (mother tongue) of India and show its importance as a language in country and
world at large.
What
1. On this occasion President Ram Nath Kovind was presented the Rajbhasha
25
awards for Year 2016-17 at Rashtrapati Bhawan.

Page
01-15 Sep 2017
2. These awards were instituted
by Department of Official
Language of Union Home National Hindi Divas
Ministry to recognize 1. Hindi Divas is celebrated to mark
excellent contribution of adaptation of Hindi language as the
Ministries, Departments and official language of India by the
Nationalized Banks in field of Constituent Assembly of India on 14
Hindi. September 1949.
3. The day is also celebrated in 2. The decision of using Hindi as official
schools, colleges, offices, language was ratified by Constitution
organizations and other of India which came into effect on
enterprises with unique 26 January 1950.
programs and competitions 3. Under the Article 343 of Indian
organized related to Hindi Constitution, Hindi written in
poems, story recitations and Devanagri script was adopted as the
vocabulary quizzes. official language.
Rafael Nadal wins 2017 US Open title 4. But presently, there are 2 official
Rafael Nadal (Spain) won the languages: Hindi and English.
2017 US Open title in mens single
category. It was his overall 16th Grand Slam title and third US Open title (2010 and
2013). In the final match played at USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis Center in New
York City, Nadal defeated world number 32, Kevin Anderson from South Africas by 6-3, 6-
3, 6-4 score.
Background
1. The 2017 US Open was 137th edition of tennis US Open and the fourth and
final Grand Slam event of 2017 season.
2. It was held on outdoor hard courts at USTA Billie Jean King National Tennis
Center in New York City.
International Literacy Day
The International Literacy Day (ILD) is observed every year on 8 September to
emphasize the importance of literacy to individuals, society and communities. The day
was established in 1966 by United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural
Organization (UNESCO). This year it is 51st International Literacy Day. The theme
announced by UNESCO for this year is `Literacy in a digital world. In India to observe
this day, several functions were organised by the National Literacy Mission Authority. It
included distribution of Saakshar Bharat Awards to best performing States, Districts, Gram
Panchayats and NGOs. Government uses occasion of ILD for raising public awareness to
eradicate illiteracy and create environment in favour of adult education programmes.
Background
1. The UNESCO in its 14th Session in November 1966 had declared 8th
September as International Literacy Day.
2. On this day, in year 1965, World Congress of Ministers of Education had met in
Tehran for first time to discuss the programme of education at international
level.
National Teachers Day
The National Teachers Day is observed every year on 5th September in India to
commemorate birthday of countrys first Vice President and second President Dr
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan. Dr Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan was born on 5 September 1888
in Thiruttani in then Madras Presidency of British India (now in Tamil Nadu). He was
Indian philosopher and statesman and one of best known scholars in field of comparative
religion and philosophy in India in 20th century.
26
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01-15 Sep 2017

Elon Musk-owned Boring Company are actively involved in providing similar

Medak, Jhabua, Warangal, Ajmer and Indore. The Collectors made

2014 to attend the ASEAN-India Summit.

proposed: Mumbai, Thane, Virar, Boisar, Vapi, Bilimora, Surat, Bharuch,

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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

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SLMA (State) 1. State Literacy Mission Authority, Bhopal, MP.

Gram Panchayat 1. Vellampalli Gram Panchayat, Parakala Block, Warangal

THE World University Rankings 2018

Rankings. The University of Cambridge climbs two places to second,

3. The key aspect of the observance of ILD is to mobilize public opinion in

awards for Year 2016-17 at Rashtrapati Bhawan.

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