NUST Business School

Assignment 1
Data Analysis & Interpretation MBA17B

DATE: 11 OCTOBER, 2017

SUBMITTED TO:
Mr. Abdul Salam Khan
SUBMITTED BY:
Jehanzeb Sultan 14345
Write-Up Marks 1. Descriptive Figures
Descriptive Statistics

N Minimum Maximum M

Essay Mark (%) Hours Spent on Essay 6

48.23 2.89 1.00
45 45 45 45 79.88 15.01 4.00 2
Grade Valid N (listwise)

The descriptive statistics provides us the details of Write-Up Marks in

the above descriptive statistics table. The minimum value of Essay Mark
is 48.23, in Hours Spent on Essay is 2.89 and in Grade is 1. The
maximum value in Essay Mark is 79.88, in Hours Spent on Essay is
15.01, in Grade is 1.00. The mean value of Essay Marks is 63.45 with
a Standard Deviation of 6.75, the mean value of variable Hours spent on
Essay is 8.35 with a Standard Deviation of 2.73 and the mean value of
Grade is 2.089 with a Standard Deviation 0.79 which depicts the
variable of Essay Marks has the most dispersed data in all three
variables with minimum 48.23 and maximum 79.88 percentage of
marks.

2. Correlation Tables
Correlations

Hours Spent on Essay Mark (%) Essay Grade

Pearson Correlation 1 .267 -.894**

Essay Mark (%) Sig. (2-tailed) .077 .000

Sum of Squares and Cross-products

 2009.060 216.101 -210.784

Covariance 45.660 4.911 -4.791

N 454545

Pearson Correlation .267 1 -.235

Sig. (2-tailed) .077 .120

Hours Spent on Sum of Squares and Cross-products

Essay
216.101 326.835 -22.361

Covariance 4.911 7.428 -.508

N 454545

Pearson Correlation -.894** -.235 1

Sig. (2-tailed) .000 .120

Sum of Squares and Cross-products

Grade -210.784 -22.361 27.644

Covariance -4.791 -.508 .628

N 454545
**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

1. Correlation of Essay Mark with itself (r=1), and the number of nonmissing
observations for height (n=45).

2.Correlation of Essay Mark and Hours Spent on Essay (r=0.267), based on n=45
observations with pairwise nonmissing values.

3.Correlation of Hours Spent on Essay with itself (r=1), and the number of
nonmissing observations for height (n=45).

4.Correlation of Essay Mark and Grade (r= -0.894), based on n=45 observations
with pairwise

nonmissing values.

5. Correlation of Grade with itself (r=1), and the number of nonmissing

observations for height (n=45).
6.Correlation of Hours Spent on Essay and Grade (r= -0.235), based on n=45
observations with pairwise nonmissing values.

Based on the results, we can state the following:

Essay and Hours Spent on Essay does not have a
statistically linear relationship as (p > .001). The direction of the
relationship is positive (i.e., Essay and Hours Spent on Essay are
positively correlated), meaning that these variables tend to increase
together. The magnitude, or strength, of the association is
approximately small or weak (.1 < | r | < .3)

Essay and Grade does not have a statistically significant

linear relationship as (p < .001). The direction of the relationship is
negative (i.e., Essay and Grade are negatively correlated). The
magnitude, or strength, of the association is large / strong
correlation (.5 < | r | .........)

Grade and Hours Spent on Essay does not have a

statistically linear relationship as (p > .001). The direction of the
relationship is negative (i.e., Grade and Hours Spent on Essay are
negatively correlated). The magnitude, or strength, of the
association is approximately small or weak (.1 < | r | < .3)

3. Charts
Essay Marks Histogram
In the Essay Marks, the data is negatively skewed with a value of -0.039
which is indicting a greater number of larger values. The value of
Kurtosis 0.244 is representing data with tails heavier than it would be in
a normal distribution and a flatter distribution.

Hours Spent on Essay Histogram

In the Hours Spent on Essay, the data is positively skewed with a value
of 0.418 which is indicting a greater number of smaller values. The
value of Kurtosis 0.247 is representing data with tails heavier than it
would be in a normal distribution but a shape flatter than normal
distribution.

Grade Histogram
In the Grades, the data is positively skewed with a value of 0.411 which
is indicting a greater number of smaller values. The value of Kurtosis -
0.073 is representing data distribution more peaked than normal
distribution.