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(05/96)
Introduction to Open Hole Logging
(05/96)
Schlumberger
SECTION B:
1a. Given Rmf = 2.5 Ω-m @ 10oC, find Rmf @ 52oC, using Chart Gen-9 (Figure B2).
3000 ppm
2a. Given a solution salinity of 80 000 ppm, find the solution resistivity @ 121oC
Rm = 0.028 @121oC
b. Given a solution salinity of 10 000 ppm @ 20oC, find the solution resistivity @ 50oC
Rm = 0.36 @50oC
3. Given Rm = .74 @ 20oC, what will Rm equal at BHT if Total Depth is 2400m and the
Geothermal Gradient is 2oC/100m (Surface temperature 20oC) ?
Rm = 0.34 @ 68 o
C
(05/96) Answers 1
Introduction to Open Hole Logging
1/240
d) Rwe = 0 . 0 1 8 @FTSP 1 (Figure B11)
SP---
2175
Figure B30
(05/96) Answers 2
Schlumberger
GR(GAPI)
5. Calculate Rw for the zone from 2326 to
30.000 130.00
SP(MV ) 2340 m.
-150.0 0.0 Rmf = .110 @ 20oC
15 Formation temperature = 58.9oC
-|---|+
Rw = 0 . 4 5
CP 32.6 FILE 3 01-APR-1941 18:05
@25oC
INPUT FILE(S) CREATION DATE
1 05-JUN-1992 08:38
a) R m f = 0.052 @ 58.9 @FT
1/240 b ) SP = +50 mV
c ) R mfe = 0.057 @F.T.
d ) R we = 0.21 @F.T.
e) Rw = 0.25 @F.T.
Rw = 0.45 @25 oC
Figure B31
(05/96) Answers 3
Introduction to Open Hole Logging
ILM(OHMM)
RILD = 0.55
GR(GAPI)
.20000
ILD(OHMM)
2000.0
R I L M = 0.65
0.0 150.00 .20000 2000.0 R SFL = 1.4
SP(MV ) SFL(OHMM)
-150.0 0.0 .20000 2000.0 RIM
CP 32.6 FILE 8 09-JUN-1992 14:42 ______ = 1.18
INPUT FILE(S) CREATION DATE
1 09-JUN-1992 14:09
RID
1/240
RSFL
____ = 2.54
RID
di = 1 m
Rt
____
=1m
RID
therefore Rt = 0.55
NOTE: Rt
1800 A _____
RILD
cannot exceed 1.00
---GR
---SP
---ILM
---ILD
---SFL
R ILD = 10
R ILM = 12
R SFL = 17
RIM
_____ = 1.2
RID
1700
RSFL
_____ = 1.7
RID
di = 1.4 m
Rt
---SP B _____ = .95
---ILM
RID
---ILD
SFL--- R t = 9.5 ohm-m
1725
Figure B32
(05/96) Answers 4
Schlumberger
SP(MV )
8. Calculate Rw for both zones.
-80.00 20.000
Rm = 1.18 @ 25oC
Rmf = 0.93 @ 16oC
10
-|---|+ BHT = 59oC
a) SP = 4 x 10 = -40 mv l o g
R mf = 0.43 @ 59o C Gen 9 (Figure
B2)
R mfe = 0.3 ohm-m SP 2 (Figure
B12)
R we = 0.099 ohm-m SP 1 (Figure
1700 B11)
R w = 0.12 ohm-m SP 2 (Figure
B12)
b ) SP = 5.2 x 10 = -52 mv
log
R mf = 0.43 @ 59oC Gen 9
R mfe = 0.3 ohm-m SP 2
R w e = 0.068 SP 1
---SP R w = 0.082 SP 2
1725
Figure B33
(05/96) Answers 5
Introduction to Open Hole Logging
(05/96) Answers 6
Schlumberger
SECTION C:
1a. Using the sonic log on page C-49 (Figure C34), calculate the sonic porosity at 586 meters.
2. For the example logs on pages C-47 to 49 (Figures C32 to C34), calculate the following:
581m 600m
a. RILD 70 0.8
b. Rt ? 0.8
c. ∆t 372 350
f. ΦN 6.0 35
(05/96) Answers 7
Introduction to Open Hole Logging
3a. On the CNT-LDT log on page C-50 (Figure C35), what effect is seen at 1941 m to 1946m?
P e = 1.8
therefore Lithology is Sandstone
c. Convert the log readings (Φn and Φd) to equivalent sandstone values.
The crossover effect is due to the matrix selection for the porosity calcula-
tion, and not due to the presence of gas.
(05/96) Answers 8
Schlumberger
SECTION D:
1. Using the logs on pages D-10 to 12 (Figures D3 to D5) follow through the overlay tech-
nique outlined on pages D-1 and 2.
2. Given ∆tma = 182 µsec/m tabulate the values and do an Rwa analysis of the example using
pages 10 to 12. First find Sw from Φs only and then do the calculation again using cross-
plot ΦT from the CNT/LDT log to get Sw. Compare the two results.
NOTE: Results for Sw are similar for both calculations in spite of different Φ
inputs.
R wa varies because:
None of the Φ (Porosity) measurements are corrected for gas effects
(05/96) Answers 9
Introduction to Open Hole Logging
3. Use Chart SW-1a (Figure D6 on page D-14) to calculate Sw for depths 1943m and 1945m.
(Rw = 0.06 @ formation temp.) (Figures D7 andD8 on ages D-15 and 16).
Sandstone
b. What can be said about permeability from the caliper and gamma ray?
(05/96) Answers 10
Schlumberger
4. Interpret the following sets of logs (Figures D9 and D10 on pages D17 and D18) using the di-
rect method of calculating water saturations in clean zones. Rmf = 2.35 @ FT (24 oC); a = 1;
m=2
ie. Sw 2 = Rw
Φ T 2 Rt
SP = -50 mv
Rmf = 2.35 @ FT
Rmfe = 1.15 @ FT
Rwe = 0.20 @ FT
Rw = 0.23 @ FT
ΦN = 8
ΦD = 43 Sw = 0.23
ΦT = 25 (0.25) 2 x 70
Rt = 70
ΦN = 27
ΦD = 37 Sw = 0.23
ΦT = 32 (0.32) 2 x 6
Rt = 6
ΦN = 33
ΦD = 34 Sw = 0.23
ΦT = 33.5 (0.335) 2 x 4.5
Rt = 4.5
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Introduction to Open Hole Logging
(05/96) Answers 12
Schlumberger
SECTION F:
0.62 Rw
e.SWT - From SWT2 =
ΦT2.15 Rt
Note: When Φe has been determined, Rt must also be corrected for effect of shale to properly
calculate Swe. This will be discussed in the next chapter.
(05/96) Answers 1 3
Introduction to Open Hole Logging
(c) (d)
Depth RT ΦN ΦD GR VSH Φe ΦT
_____ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
Zone 1
422 - 423 2 . 3 39 25 75 40 19.0 32
Zone 2
418 - 420 5.5 31 34 75 40 20.5 34
Zone 3
407 - 409.5 7.5 21 39 40 6 29.0 32
(e)
Zone 1. SW = 62%
Zone 2. SW = 38%
Zone 3. SW = 34.6%
(05/96) Answers 14
Schlumberger
SECTION G:
RO = 1 1
ΦT 1-V S H
2
VSH
RWF + RWB
Need RW B
RWB = Φ T 2 RT in Shale
therefore: RWB = (0.335) 2 x 2.1
= 0.23
2 . RO = 1 1 = 1.28
(0.34) 2 1 - 0.40 0.4
0.12 +
0.23
S WT = RO = 1.28 = 48%
RT 5.5
1 . RO = 1 1 = 1.45
(0.32) 2 1 - 0.40 0.4
0.12 +
0.23
S WT = 1 . 4 5 = 79%
2.3
3 . RO = 1 1 = 1.21
(0.32) 2 1 - 0.06 0.06
0.12 +
0.23
S WT = 1 . 2 1 = 40.1%
7.5
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Introduction to Open Hole Logging
S WE = S W T - SW B
1 - SW B
(05/96) Answers 16
Schlumberger
SECTION H:
Anhydrite - 0%
Dolomite
Limestone
N Φ S = Φ N-D
Limestone
(05/96) Answers 1 7
Introduction to Open Hole Logging
3a.Cross plot Pe and DPHI for both points a and b (use chart CP-16 - Figure H15).
a. Φ =___8 . 5___%
b. Φ =____0 ___%
Gas Effect
d. Apply proper correction for point a to find correct cross plot porosity.
a. Φ =___8 . 5___%
(05/96) Answers 18
Schlumberger
SECTION I:
1. Calculate BVW for the shaly-sand example. What predictions can be made for the production
of this zone:
2 . Total BVW S WT x Φ T
Use SW = 40% as SW I R R
Then: K 1/2 = 79 Φ T 3
SWIRR
K = 79 (0.32) 3 = 2.54
0.4
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Introduction to Open Hole Logging
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