Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Cu 1.
Mt hn hp M gm Mg v MgO c chia thnh 2 phn bng nhau:
Cho phn 1 tc dng ht vi dung dch HCl th thu c 3,136 lt kh o ktc, c
cn dung dch v lm kh th thu c 14,25 gam cht rn A.
Cho phn 2 tc dng ht vi dung dch HNO 3 th thu c 0,448 lt kh X nguyn cht
o ktc, c cn dung dch v lm kh th thu c 23 gam cht rn B.
a/ Xc nh % khi lng ca mi cht trong hn hp M.
b/ Xc nh cng thc phn t ca kh X.
S. nMg=0,28mol;
nMgO=0,02 mol; X l N2
Cu 2.
Ho tan hon ton 4,431 gam hn hp Al v Mg bng 200ml dd HNO3 long (va )
thu c dung dch A (khng cha NH4NO3) v 1,568 lt (ktc) hn hp 2 kh u
khng mu c khi lng 2,59 gam, trong c 1 kh b ho nu trong khng kh.
1.Tnh % theo khi lng ca mi kim loi trong hn hp ban u.
2/ Tnh nng mol HNO3 phn ng.
3. Khi c cn dung dch A th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan ?
S. 1/ %Al=12,8% 2/
[HNO3]=2,45M 3/ m=28,301g
Cu 3.
Cho a gam hn hp A gm 3 oxit FeO, CuO, Fe3O4 c s mol bng nhau tc dng hon
ton vi lng va 250 ml dung dch HNO3, khi un nng nh thu c dung dch B v
3,136 lt (ktc) hn hp kh C gm NO2 v NO c t khi hi so vi H2 l 20,143. Tnh a
v nng mol ca dung dch HNO3 dng
Cu 4.
Ho tan 6,25 gam hn hp gm Zn v Al vo 275 ml dung dch HNO 3 thu c dung
dch A, cht rn B gm cc kim loi cha tan ht cn nng 2,516 gam v 1,12 lt hn
hp kh D ktc gm NO v N2O. Hn hp kh D c t khi hi so vi H2 l 16,75.
1. Hi khi c cn dung dch A th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan ?
2. Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch HNO3 ban u ?
3. Khi cho dd NH3 d vo A thu c m gam kt ta. Tnh gi tr m ?
Cu 5.
Ho tan hon ton 9,41 gam hn hp 2 kim loi Al v Zn vo 530 ml dung dch HNO3
2M thu c dung dch A v 2,464 lt hn hp 2 kh N2O v NO khng mu o ktc c
khi lng 4,28 gam.
1.Tnh % ca mi kim loi c trong 9,41 gam hn hp trn.
2. Tnh th tch dung dch HNO3 2M tham gia phn ng v nng HNO3 sau
phn ng.
3. Tnh th tch dung dch NH3 2M cho vo dung dch A :
a. Thu c khi lng kt ta ln nht ?
b. Thu c khi lng kt ta nh nht
Cu 6.
Cho m1 gam hn hp gm Mg, Al vo m2 gam dung dch HNO3 24%. Sau khi cc kim
loi tan ht c 8,96 lt hn hp kh X gm NO, N2O, N2 bay ra(ktc) v c dung dch A.
Thm 1 lng oxi va vo X, sau phn ng c hn hp kh Y. Dn Y t t qua dung
dch NaOH d, c 4,48 lt hn hp kh Z i ra(ktc). T khi hi ca Z i vi H2 bng
20. Nu cho dung dch NaOH vo dung dch A c lng kt ta ln nht th thu c
62,2 gam kt ta.
1. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra 2. Tnh m1 v m2. Bit rng
HNO3 ly d 20% so vi lng cn thit ?
3. Tnh C% cc cht trong dung dch A.
GV Trn Quc Ton 1 Trng THPT
ng H- Thi Nguyn
Mt s bi tp nng cao chn lc v AXIT HNO3
Cu 7.
Cho 1,92 g Cu vo 100 ml dung dch cha ng thi KNO 3 0,16M v H2SO4 0,4M thy
sinh ra 1 cht kh c t khi so vi H2 l 15 v thu c dung dch A.
a. Vit phng trnh ion thu gn ca phn ng xy ra v tnh th tch kh sinh ra
ktc.
b. Tnh th tch dung dch NaOH 0,5M ti thiu cn dng kt ta hon ton Cu 2+
trong dung dch A.
Cu 8. trung ho V lt dd A cha NaOH2M v Ba(OH) 2 1M cn 200ml dd B cha
HNO3 1M v H2SO4 0,2M.
1/ Tnh gi tr V ?
2/ tc dng va vi 11,28g hn hp X gm Cu v Ag cn dng 200ml dd B. Kt
thc th nghim thu c dung dch Y v kh Z khng mu, ho nu trong khng kh
(sn phm kh duy nht ).
a/ Xc nh th tch kh Z ( 27,30C; 1atm).
b/ Tnh nng cc ion c trong dd Y ?
Cu 9.
Nung nng hon ton 37,6g mui nitrat ca kim loi M c ho tr khng i thu c
16g cht rn l oxit kim loi v hn hp kh c t khi hi so vi H2 bng 21,6.
a/ Xc nh mui nitrat
b/ Ly 12,8g kim loi M tc dng vi 100ml dd hn hp HNO31M, HCl 2M, H2SO4 2M th
thu c V lt NO (ktc, l sn phm kh duy nht). Tnh V ?
S:
Cu(NO3)2; V=2,24 lt
Cu 10.
Cho 220 ml dung dch HNO3 tc dng vi 5 gam hn hp Zn v Al. Phn ng gii phng
ra 0,896 lt (ktc) hn hp kh gm NO v N2O. Hn hp kh c t khi i vi H2 l
16,75. Sau khi phn ng kt thc em lc, thu c 2,013 gam kim loi. Hi sau khi c
cn dung dch th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan? Tnh nng dung dch HNO3
dng ? S. m=13,627g, [HNO3]=1M
Cu 11.
Hn hp X gm FeS2 v MS c s mol bng nhau. M l kim loi c ho tr khng i. Cho
6,51g X tc dng ho ton vi dd HNO3 d, un nng thu c dd A1 v 13,21 lt (ktc)
hn hp kh A2 (gm NO2 v NO) c khi lng 26,34g. Thm lng d dd BaCl2 long vo A
thy c m1 gam kt ta trng trong dd axit d trn.
a/ Xc nh kim loi M ?
b/ Tnh gi tr m1 ?
c/ Tnh % khi lng cc cht trong X ?
S. a/ M l Zn b/
m1=20,97g c/ % FeS2=55,3%
Cu 12.
Dung dch A cha HCl 1M v HNO3 0,5M. Thm t t bt Mg vo 100ml dd A cho ti khi
kh ngng thot ra th thu c dd B (th tch khng i) ch cha mui ca Mg v
0,9632 lt hn hp kh D gm 3 kh khng mu, c khi lng 0,772g. Trn 0,4816 lt hn
hp kh D vi 1 lt kh oxi thy th tch kh cn li l 1,3696 lt. ( th tch cc kh o
ktc).
a/ Xc nh cc kh trong hn hp D. Tnh % th tch ca mi kh, bit rng trong D
c 2 kh c phn trm v th tch nh nhau.
b/ Vit PTP ho tan Mg di dng ion
c/ Tnh khi lng Mg b ho tan v nng mol/l cc ion trong dd B ?
S. a/ D c H2 (0,02mol), NO (0,02mol), N2O.
c/ mMg=1,488g