APPENDIX

Table 1.1 Maximum Harmonic Current Distortions

Harmonic order Allowable level relative to fundamental

(Odd harmonics) in percentage

< 11th 4%

< 11th to < 17th 2%

< 17th to 23rd 1.5%

< 23rd to < 35th 0.6%

35th or greater 0.3%

Total Harmonic Distortion 5%

Table 1.2 Technical Specifications of IEEE Std. 1547

Specifications Descriptions

Voltage 0.88 1.10 per unit

Frequency 59.3 60.5 Hz

Voltage Flicker Imperceptible. IEEE 519 1992 [B5]

DC Injection Less than 0.5%

Harmonics TDD < 5%

Islanding Must be detected within 2 sec.

Synchronization Must cause voltage fluctuation < 5%

Isolation Device Upon request of the area EPS

Parallel Device Capable of withstanding up to 220%

Voltage Rating of the system rating voltage

164
 Table 2.2: Parameters representation and values in SOFC system model: [58]

Symbol Parameter Value Symbol Parameter Value

Representation Representation

Prated Rated Power 100 kW H2 Response time for 26.1 sec

Hydrogen

Pref Reference Power 100kW H 2O Response time for 78.3 sec

Water

T Operating 1273 K O 2 Response time for 2.91 sec

temperature Oxygen

F Faradays constant 96487 C/mol r Ohmic resistance 0.126

R Universal gas 8.314 J/(mol m Mass transportation 1 x 10-3

constant K) constant

E0 Ideal standard 1.18 V n Mass transportation 8 x 10-3

potential constant

Umax Maximum fuel 0.9 A Electrode area 0.5 m2

utilization

Umin Minimum fuel 0.8 B Tafel line constant 0.002

utilization

Uopt Optimum fuel 0.85 Tf Fuel system response 5.0sec

utilization time

KH 2 Valve molar constant 8.43 x 104 Te Electrical response time 0.8 sec
for Hydrogen kmol (S atm)

K H 2O Valve molar constant 2.81 x 104 rH_O Hydrogen Oxygen 1.145

for Water kmol (S atm) ratio

KO 2 Valve molar constant 2.52 x 104 Kr Constant, Kr N0 4F -

for Oxygen mol (S atm)

165