FSHN 125

Study Questions: Exam #3

Proteins
1. Nitrogen balance Positive Equilibrium Negative
a. Understand what is going on within these processes? (amino acid pool picture
below)
2. What is deamination?
3. What is the RDA of protein for an adult?
4. Which is the most important factor for determining an adults protein requirement?
5. How do amino acids differ?
6. What is a polypeptide and tripeptides?
7. How does protein maintain fluid balance with regards with edema?
8. How is protein quality determined?
a. What type of protein has a higher bioavailability?
9. What are the differences between PEM? (Marasmus Kwashiorkor)
10. What is an essential amino acid?
a. What happens if one is missing in making a protein?
11. How and where is a protein digested?
a. how and where are proteins absorbed?
12. What is the fate of dietary protein? (see amino acid pool picture)
- Such as used for energy, converted to glucose, made into fat
- What happens when protein is consumed in excess of body needs?
13. What is a limiting amino acid (essential)? How does it affect protein synthesis?
Plant Based Diet
1. if I am a vegetarian how can I get all the essential amino acids in my diet?
2. Types of vegetarianisms
a. Meal for a pescatarian?
3. What types of vitamins and mineral could a vegan be low in?
a. How would vegans get the omega-3 DHA?
4. Example of a protein complementation.

Fat Soluble Vitamins

1. What are the differences between fat and water soluble vitamins?
Which are toxic?
2. For each fat soluble vitamin, know:
-Which ones are Important for health of epithelial cells
-Which ones are considered antioxidants?
-Is responsible for rickets
3. Know the different types (forms) of vitamin A Retinoids & Carotenoids
Which one is toxic? Is beta-carotene toxic?
4. Why are newborns typically given an injection of Vitamin K at birth?
5. Why is dietary Vitamin D unnecessary for a person who is regularly exposed to
sunlight?
6. How is Vitamin D activated? (in what order)
7. How does the parathyroid hormone increases blood calcium:
1. Increase release of calcium from bone.
2. Decreases the loss of Ca from the kidneys.
3. Activates vitamin D from the kidneys which in turn
4. increases the intestinal absorption of Ca.