PROBLEM SET VII

DUE THURSDAY, 5 MAY 2016

(1) Using only the identities = cos + sin and cos2 + sin2 = 1 along
with the basic functioning of the complex numbers, prove the following
trigonometric identities:
(a) cos( ) = (cos )(cos ) (sin )(sin );
(b) sin( ) = (sin )(cos ) (cos )(sin );
(c) sin2 = 12 (1 cos(2));
(d) cos2 = 12 (1 + cos(2)).
(In the same way, you can also prove a formula for cos and sin in terms
of only sines and cosines.)
2 DUE THURSDAY, 5 MAY 2016

(2) For any complex number = + , consider the matrix

( ).

Prove that these matrices contain all the algebraic properties of C by
verifying the following:
(a) 0 = 0 and 1 = ;
(b) + = + for any , C;
(c) = for any C;
(d) = for any , C;
(e) 1 = 1 for any C such that 0;
(f) = for any C;
(g) ||2 = det for any C;
(h) 2 ( + ) + = () for any C;
cos sin
(i) exp() = ( ) for any 0 and any [0, 2).
sin cos
 PROBLEM SET VII 3

(3) Consider the matrix

= (2 1 ) .
Compute the characteristic polynomial and the complex eigenvalues of
. Is diagonalizable over R? over C?
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(4) Suppose [0, 2). What are the complex eigenvalues and correpsond-
ing complex eigenspaces of the matrix
cos sin
( )?
sin cos
 PROBLEM SET VII 5

(5) Suppose C a vector such that = 1. What are the eigenspaces of

2 ?
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(6) Suppose is an matrix with characteristic polynomial

() = + 1 1 + + 1 + 0 .
Find an expression for 1 () by contemplating the determinant of (
1 ).
 PROBLEM SET VII 7

(7) For any 2, give an example of an invertible matrix that is not

diagonalizable over C.