Eastern Visayas Regional Science High School

Catbalogan City,Samar

August, 2017

Catbalogan City Carbon Inventory

Paul Guiller Yazar

Raphael Yanni Palencia

Mark Charles Martinez

Miriam Gomez

Research Adviser
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

I. Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study..1.

1.2 Objectives.2
1.3 Significance of the Study..2
1.4 Scope and Limitations2

II. Review of Related Literature and Related Studies

2.1 Review of Related Literature4

2.2 Related Study20
2.3 Experimental Design.23
2.4 Conceptual Framework24
2.5 Definition of Terms25

III. Methodology

3.1 Materials.26
3.2 Procedure...26
3.3 Methodological Framework27

IV. Results and Discussion

4.1 Results and Discussion.28

4.2 Statistical Analysis..29

V. Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1 Conclusion.30
5.2 Recommendation29

VI. Bibliography .31

VII. Appendices32
I. Introduction

1.1 Statement of the Problem

Is carbon inventory effective on raising awareness about greenhouse gas emission

inside the city boundary?

1.2 Background of the Study

Global warming is a global phenomenon, as the Earths temperature rise

excessively causing glacial permafrost melting, unhabitable environment, more devastating

climate-based natural calamities, and other environmental complications that causes odd

change of climate. Climate change is terrifying because of its irreversible effect, and as

time passes the uncommon would be the new common. There is no turning back now,

all we can do is to delay its annihilatory effect at its extent to longer the existence of

human kind on Earth.

The Catbalogan City carbon inventory aims to account the greenhouse gas (GHG)

emissions and mitigate the said emissions of the different sectors such as Stationary

Energy, Transportation, Waste, and Agriculture, Forestry, and Other Land Use (AFOLU)

within the city boundary. Since the city of Catbalogan does not have factories, Industrial

Processes and Product use (IPPU) isnt included in the data collection.

1
1.3 Objectives

General objectives

To be able to account the 2016 GHG emissions within the Catbalogan

City Boundary.

Specific objectives

Calculate and manifest data enable to form a guide in which to

mitigate the GHG emissions from different sectors.

1.4 Significance of the Study

Climate Change is a global topic nowadays and a growing challenge that may

prove irreversible should it be left untouched. Global warming specifically is one of the

factors of climate change, and is the most challenging. Greenhouse gasses emitted from

different sectors are contributing to the natural greenhouse gas on the atmosphere of the

planet. Thus, trapping the heat from the sun and comes the rise of global temperature

causing glacial permafrost melting, which would lead to more glacial permafrost melting

since the water around the north pole is mostly dark and murky, and this absorbs more

heat from the sun and lead to higher sea levels leading to decreased land areas. To add

to this some ice packs contain extremely potent GHGs containing them, now since

theyre melting these gasses being released at a faster and faster rate annually.

-www.nrdc.org/stories/globalwarming-101

2
 -www. nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/north-pole/

The increase of global temperature is extremely high nowadays, causing heat

waves being more frequent and having some death casualties, example Boston hitting

73C, Baghdad also hitting 73C, and Dhahran hitting 81C.

-www.cbc.ca/amp/1.3176326

Climate change changes the weather patterns of the planet, and brings stronger

natural calamities because the hotter the temperature on the oceans the more water vapor

goes upward causing stronger typhoons, example super typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) hitting

the Philippines last 2013. The devastating damage brought by the super typhoon causing

thousands of deaths not to mention its irreversible damage and cost a lot of unrest in

the country.

Through the calculations of GHG emissions people are made aware in a more

convenient way rather than the old casual means. By the presentation of accurate data,

people are more convinced that the problem is growing and to take action on lessening

the GHG contribution to the Earths atmosphere. These devastating calamities could have

been averted if we took actions earlier.

1.5 Scope and Limitation

The Catbalogan city carbon inventory encompasses of the entire vicinity of the

said city. All the data of the GHG emitters in different sectors inside the city boundary

of catbalogan should have been collected in an expected time of 3 weeks, unfortunately

3
 because of the unavailability of the data, the study spanned more than the

expected time, which took 2 months to gather the said data. The submission and

computation of the data were performed inside the EVRSHS campus.

II. REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND RELATED STUDIES

2.1 Related Literature

Cities are integral to tackling the global challenge of climate change, as both a

major source of greenhouse gas emissions, and a major source of innovative climate

solutions. An estimated 70 percent of the worlds energyrelated greenhouse gas

emissions come from cities, a number that is likely to continue to increase as two-thirds

of all people are expected to live in urban areas by mid-century. At the same time,

cities are designing and implementing groundbreaking solutions to mitigate climate change

promoting sustainable development and increasing climate resilience while reducing

emissions. In order to have maximum global impact, however, city leaders need a

standard by which to measure their emissions and identify the most effective ways to

mitigate them.

The Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories

(GPC) offers cities and local governments a robust, transparent and globally-accepted

framework to consistently identify, calculate and report on city greenhouse gases.

4
This includes emissions released within city boundaries as well as those occurring outside

them as a result of activities taking place within the city. The GPC establishes credible

emissions accounting and reporting practices that help cities develop an emissions

baseline, set mitigation goals, create more targeted climate action plans and track progress

over time, as well as strengthen opportunities for cities to partner with other levels of

government and increase access to local and international climate financing. The GPC

has already been adopted as a central component of the Compact of Mayors, the worlds

largest cooperative effort among mayors and city officials to reduce greenhouse gas

emissions, track progress and prepare for the impacts of climate change. Launched in

September 2014, the Compact aims to undertake a transparent and supportive approach to

reduce greenhouse gas emissions and address climate risk, in a manner consistent with

and complementary to the international climate negotiation process under the United

Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Urban areas are a logical setting for

implementing and measuring climate action. Local governments can be more nimble

where regional or national governments are more restricted by bureaucracy. Mayors, local

councils and community leaders understand local needs and constraints, which often

results in bolder, more effective action being taken. They can track the performance of

city services, guide change in the community and set regulations that govern land use,

building efficiency, and local transportation. Thousands of cities are already taking action

to reduce emissions and improve climate resilience. With the GPC, these cities and their

advocates have a global standard to track greenhouse gas performance and lead the way

to a more sustainable future.

5
 There are different scopes to distinguish where the emissions came from. There

are 3 scopes; Scope 1- emissions occurring inside the city boundary, Scope 2- emissions

from grid supplied energy, and Scope 3- emissions occurring outside the city boundary.

Under these scopes there are different sectors to classify the emission sources- Stationary

energy, Transportation, Waste, and AFOLU.

Stationary energy sources are one of the largest contributors to a citys GHG

emissions. These emissions come from the combustion of fuel in residential, commercial

and institutional buildings and facilities and manufacturing industries and construction, as

well as power plants to generate grid-supplied energy. This sector also includes fugitive

emissions, which typically occur during extraction, transformation, and transportation of

primary fossil fuels.

Transportation covers all journeys by road, rail, water and air, including inter-city

and international travel. GHG emissions are produced directly by the combustion of fuel

or indirectly by the use of grid-supplied electricity. Collecting accurate data for

transportation activities, calculating emissions and allocating these emissions to cities can

be a particularly challenging process. To accommodate variations in data availability,

existing transportation models, and inventory purposes, the GPC offers additional

flexibility in calculating emissions from transportation.

6
 Waste disposal and treatment produces GHG emissions through aerobic or

anaerobic decomposition, or incineration. GHG emissions from solid waste shall be

calculated by disposal route, namely landfill, biological treatment and incineration and

open burning. If methane is recovered from solid waste or wastewater treatment facilities

as an energy source, it shall be reported under Stationary Energy. Similarly, emissions

from incineration with energy recovery are reported under Stationary Energy.

Emissions from the Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU) sector are

produced through a variety of pathways, including livestock (enteric fermentation and

manure management), land use and land use change (e.g., forested land being cleared for

cropland or settlements), and aggregate sources and non-CO2 emission sources on land

(e.g., fertilizer application and rice cultivation). Given the highly variable nature of land-

use and agricultural activity across geographies, GHG emissions from AFOLU are

amongst the most complex categories for GHG accounting.

-Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventories

Policy instrument

The policy instrument chosen for the implementation of the climate policy is emission

trading. A distinction is made between the energy intensive sectors and the other sectors:

Energy intensive sectors: a world emission trading system (ETS) , i.e. an international

emission trading system for these sectors between all groups contributing to the target

7
Other sectors: a domestic trading system for household and sectors not included in the

ETS. The use of clean development mechanisms (CDM) is possible depending on the

scenarios but it is limited to the sectors participating in the ETS. In GEM-E3 the

energy intensive sectors are: the electricity sector, the ferrous and non-ferrous metal

sectors, the chemical sector for its activity generating emissions and the other energy

intensive sectors (nonmetallic mineral and paper & pulp). The allocation of the reduction

target for a region between energy intensive sectors (which can participate in the world

wide ETS) and the other sectors is based on cost efficiency within the country/region.

The distinction between ETS and non ETS limits the overall flexibility of the global

market, it is implemented to reflect the difficulty and the transaction cost of putting up

a full global market.

Modelling assumptions

There are three key assumptions in the model runs related to its closure rules. Firstly, in

order to prevent the climate policy from being financed through running public deficit,

public budget neutrality is ensured through lump sum transfer. This means that in the

climate policy scenario the net savings position of the public sector in every country of

the model remain unchanged compared to the reference case. Secondly, no specific

constraint is imposed on the current account

In a sensitivity scenario it is assumed that the current account of each region as a share

to GDP remains fixed to the baseline level to evaluate the impact of capital flows.

8
Finally, as in the baseline scenario, capital is mobile between sectors within a region but

not between regions; the impact of this assumption will also be analysed in a sensitivity

scenario allowing full capital mobility between sectors and regions within one period.

-Juan Carlos Ciscar, Regemorter, 2009

Cultivation of raw material represents a large proportion of biofuel GHG

emissions. The EU renewable energy directive 2009/28/EC specifies a GHG emission

default value for cultivation of biofuel raw material (23 g CO2-e/MJ ethanol for wheat).

The aim of this study was to quantify the uncertainty in GHG emissions for wheat

cultivation in Sweden, considering uncertainty and variability in data at farm level.

Results: Two levels of data collection at farm level were analyzed; simple (only yield

and amount of N) and advanced (also including amounts and types of energy). The 2.5-

97.5 percentile uncertainty for Swedish winter wheat was 20-27 g CO 2-e/MJ, which can

be considered large in the context of the Directives threshold of 23 g (to two significant

figures). Conclusion: It is concluded that quantifying GHG emissions in order to regulate

biofuels is a difficult task, especially emissions from cultivation, since these are

biological systems with large variability.

-Sundberg, Ahlgren, Rs, Di Lucia, 2012

9
 The urban environment is a complex structure with interlinked social, ecological and

technical structures.

Global warming is expected to have a broad variety of impacts, which will add to the

complexity. Climate changes will force adaptation, to reduce climate related risks.

Adaptation measures can address one aspect at the time, or aim for a holistic approach

to avoid maladaptation. This paper presents a systematic, integrated approach for

assessing alternatives for reducing the risks of heat waves, flooding and air pollution in

urban settings, with the aim of reducing the risk of maladaptation. The study includes

strategies covering different spatial scales, and both the current climate situation and the

climate predicted under climate change scenarios. The adaptation strategies investigated

included increasing vegetation; selecting density, height and colour of buildings; and

retreat or resist (defend) against sea level rise. Their effectiveness was assessed with

regard to not only flooding, heat stress and air quality but also with regard to resource

use, emissions to air (incl. GHG), soil and water, and peoples perceptions and

vulnerability. The effectiveness of the strategies were ranked on a common scale (from -3

to 3) in an integrated assessment. Integrated assessments are recommended, as they help

identify the most sustainable solutions, but to reduce the risk of maladaptation they

require experts from a variety of disciplines. The most generally applicable

recommendation, derived from the integrated assessment here, taking into account both

expertise from different municipal departments, literature surveys, life cycle assessments

and publics perceptions, is to increase the urban greenery,

10
as it contributes to several positive aspects such as heat stress mitigation, air quality

improvement, effective storm - water and flood - risk management, and it has several

positive social impacts. The most favourable alternative was compact, mid-rise, light

coloured building design with large parks / green areas and trees near buildings.

11
Source: IPCC (2014) EXIT based on global emissions from 2010. Details about the sources included in these

estimates can be found in the Contribution of Working Group III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Electricity and Heat Production (25% of 2010 global greenhouse gas emissions): The burning of

coal, natural gas, and oil for electricity and heat is the largest single source of global greenhouse gas

emissions.

12
 Industry (21% of 2010 global greenhouse gas emissions): Greenhouse gas emissions from

industry primarily involve fossil fuels burned on site at facilities for energy.

This sector also includes emissions from chemical, metallurgical, and mineral transformation

processes not associated with energy consumption and emissions from waste management activities.

(Note: Emissions from industrial electricity use are excluded and are instead covered in the

Electricity and Heat Production sector.)

Agriculture, Forestry, and Other Land Use (24% of 2010 global greenhouse gas emissions):

Greenhouse gas emissions from this sector come mostly from agriculture(cultivation of crops and

livestock) and deforestation. This estimate does not include the CO2 that ecosystems remove from

the atmosphere by sequestering carbon in biomass, dead organic matter, and soils, which offset

approximately 20% of emissions from this sector.[2]

Transportation (14% of 2010 global greenhouse gas emissions): Greenhouse gas emissions from this

sector primarily involve fossil fuels burned for road, rail, air, and marine transportation. Almost all

(95%) of the world's transportation energy comes from petroleum-based fuels, largely gasoline and

diesel.

Buildings (6% of 2010 global greenhouse gas emissions): Greenhouse gas emissions from this sector

arise from onsite energy generation and burning fuels for heat in buildings or cooking in homes.

(Note: Emissions from electricity use in buildings are excluded and are instead covered in the

Electricity and Heat Production sector.)

13
Other Energy (10% of 2010 global greenhouse gas emissions): This source of greenhouse gas

emissions refers to all emissions from the Energy sector which are not directly associated with

electricity or heat production, such as fuel extraction, refining, processing, and transportation.

Source: IPCC (2014) EXIT based on global emissions from 2010. Details about the sources
included in these estimates can be found in the Contribution of Working Group III to the Fifth
Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

14
Carbon dioxide (CO2): Fossil fuel use is the primary source of CO2. CO2 can also be emitted

from direct human-induced impacts on forestry and other land use, such as through deforestation,

land clearing for agriculture, and degradation of soils. Likewise, land can also remove CO 2 from

the atmosphere through reforestation, improvement of soils, and other activities.

Methane (CH4): Agricultural activities, waste management, energy use, and biomass burning all

contribute to CH4 emissions.

Nitrous oxide (N2O): Agricultural activities, such as fertilizer use, are the primary source of

N2O emissions. Fossil fuel combustion also generates N2O.

Fluorinated gases (F-gases): Industrial processes, refrigeration, and the use of a variety of

consumer products contribute to emissions of F-gases, which include hydrofluorocarbons

(HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6).

Black carbon is a solid particle or aerosol, not a gas, but it also contributes to warming of the

atmosphere. Learn more about black carbon and climate change on our

15
 Global Emissions by Economic Sector

Source: IPCC
(2014); EXIT based on global emissions from 2010. Details about the sources included in these estimates
can be found in the Contribution of Working Group III to the Fifth Assessment Report of the
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. EXIT

Electricity and Heat Production (25% of 2010 global greenhouse gas emissions): The burning of

coal, natural gas, and oil for electricity and heat is the largest single source of global greenhouse gas

emissions.

Industry (21% of 2010 global greenhouse gas emissions): Greenhouse gas emissions from industry

primarily involve fossil fuels burned on site at facilities for energy.

16
 This sector also includes emissions from chemical, metallurgical, and mineral

transformation processes not associated with energy consumption and emissions from waste

management activities. (Note: Emissions from industrial electricity use are excluded and are instead

covered in the Electricity and Heat Production sector.)

Agriculture, Forestry, and Other Land Use (24% of 2010 global greenhouse gas emissions):

Greenhouse gas emissions from this sector come mostly from agriculture(cultivation of crops and

livestock) and deforestation. This estimate does not include the CO2 that ecosystems remove from

the atmosphere by sequestering carbon in biomass, dead organic matter, and soils, which offset

approximately 20% of emissions from this sector.[2]

Transportation (14% of 2010 global greenhouse gas emissions): Greenhouse gas emissions from

this sector primarily involve fossil fuels burned for road, rail, air, and marine transportation. Almost

all (95%) of the world's transportation energy comes from petroleum-based fuels, largely gasoline

and diesel.

Buildings (6% of 2010 global greenhouse gas emissions): Greenhouse gas emissions from this

sector arise from onsite energy generation and burning fuels for heat in buildings or cooking in

homes. (Note: Emissions from electricity use in buildings are excluded and are instead covered in

the Electricity and Heat Production sector.)

Other Energy (10% of 2010 global greenhouse gas emissions): This source of greenhouse gas

emissions refers to all emissions from the Energy sector which are not directly associated with

electricity or heat production, such as fuel extraction, refining, processing, and transportation.

17
Emissions by Country

Source: IPCC (2014) EXIT based on global emissions from 2010. Details about the sources included in
these estimates can be found in the Contribution of Working Group III to the Fifth Assessment Report of
the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

.In 2014, the top carbon dioxide (CO2) emitters were China, the United States, the European

Union, India, the Russian Federation, and Japan. These data include CO2 emissions from fossil

fuel combustion, as well as cement manufacturing and gas flaring. Together, these sources

represent a large proportion of total global CO2 emissions.

18
Emissions and sinks related to changes in land use are not included in these estimates. However,

changes in land use can be important: estimates indicate that net global greenhouse gas emissions

from agriculture, forestry, and other land use were over 8 billion metric tons of

CO2 equivalent,[2] or about 24% of total global greenhouse gas emissions.[3] In areas such as

the United States and Europe, changes in land use associated with human activities have the net

effect of absorbing CO2, partially offsetting the emissions from deforestation in other regions.

https://data.cdp.net/Cities/2016-Citywide-GHG-Emissions/dfed-thx7/data

19
2.2 Related Studies

The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to the United Nations

Framework Convention on Climate Change, which commits its Parties by setting

internationally binding emission reduction targets.

Recognizing that developed countries are principally responsible for the current

high levels of GHG emissions in the atmosphere as a result of more than 150 years of

industrial activity, the Protocol places a heavier burden on developed nations under the

principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities."

The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, on 11 December 1997 and

entered into force on 16 February 2005. The detailed rules for the implementation of the

Protocol were adopted at COP 7 in Marrakesh, Morocco, in 2001, and are referred to as

the "Marrakesh Accords." Its first commitment period started in 2008 and ended in 2012.

Monitoring emission targets under the Protocol, countries' actual emissions have to be

monitored and precise records have to be kept of the trades carried out.

Registry systems track and record transactions by Parties under the mechanisms.
The UN Climate Change Secretariat, based in Bonn, Germany, keeps an international
transaction log to verify that transactions are consistent with the rules targets for the
first commitment period

20
The targets for the first commitment period of the Kyoto Protocol cover emissions of the
six main greenhouse gases, namely:
Carbon dioxide (CO2);
Methane (CH4);
Nitrous oxide (N2O);
Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs);
Perfluorocarbons (PFCs); and
Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6)

The maximum amount of emissions (measured as the equivalent in carbon

dioxide) that a Party may emit over a commitment period in order to comply with its
emissions target is known as a Partys assigned amount. The individual targets for
Annex I Parties are listed in the Kyoto Protocol's Annex B. If the Protocol reporting is
done by Parties by submitting annual emission inventories and national reports under the
Protocol at regular intervals.

A compliance system ensures that Parties are meeting their commitments and

helps them to meet their commitments if they have problems doing so.

The Kyoto Protocol, like the Convention, is also designed to assist countries in

adapting to the adverse effects of climate change. It facilitates the development and

deployment of technologies that can help increase resilience to the impacts of climate

change.

The Adaptation Fund was established to finance adaptation projects and programs

in developing countries that are Parties to the Kyoto Protocol. In the first commitment

period, the Fund was financed mainly with a share of proceeds from CDM project

activities. In Doha, in 2012, it was decided that for the second commitment period,

international emissions trading and joint implementation would also provide the

Adaptation Fund with a 2 percent share of proceeds. The Kyoto Protocol was seen as

an important first step towards a truly global emission reduction regime that will

21
stabilize GHG emissions, and can provide the architecture for the future international

agreement on climate change.

In Durban, the Ad Hoc Working Group on the Durban Platform for Enhanced

Action (ADP) was established to develop a protocol, another legal instrument or an

agreed outcome with legal force under the Convention, applicable to all Parties. The

ADP is to complete its work as early as possible, but no later than 2015, in order to

adopt this protocol, legal instrument or agreed outcome with legal force at the twenty-

first session of the Conference of the Parties and for it to come into effect and be

implemented from 2020.

-http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/items/2830.php

22
 Experimental Design

GHG Proportion of Weighted

Emissions Total Uncertainty
Emission Source
(tons CO2e) Emissions
Scope 1 Emissions(Net of Forestry and Land Use

GHG Emissions from community Mobile combustion

GHG Emissions from other solid waste treatment

GHG Emissions from community-Level agriculture

(crops)
GHG Emissions from Community Level Agriculture
(Livestock)
GHG Emissions from Forestry and Land Use

Total Scope 1 Emissions

Scope 2 Emissions

GHG Emissions from Purchased Electricity at

Community-Level Residential Sites
GHG Emissions from Purchased Electricity at
Community-Level Commercial Sites
GHG Emissions from Purchased Electricity at
Community-Level for All Other Sources
Total Scope 2 Emissions

Total Emissions and Uncertainty

Overall Certainty of Inventory

23
2.4 Conceptual Framework

Conduct of
Carbon
Inventory

Comparison to Adaptation and

Global GHG mitigation plan
emission

Mangrove Climate change

Law
planting seminars/lecturi
Implementation
ng
Comparing the
local GHG
emissions to
the global scale Collaboration Strengthening
GHG emission with different laws
Barangay implemented
Consituents

24
2.6 Definition of Terms

GHG - a gas that contributes to the greenhouse effect by absorbing infrared radiation,

e.g., carbon dioxide and chlorofluorocarbons.

Sectors Different sectors in which the GHG is emitted

Scopes - The separation of GHG emissions into scopes is designed to avoid double-

counting of emissions.

Climate change a change in global or regional climate patterns, in particular a change

apparent from the mid to late 20th century onwards and attributed largely to the

increased levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide produced by the use of fossil fuels.

Global warming - a gradual increase in the overall temperature of the earth's

atmosphere generally attributed to the greenhouse effect caused by increased levels of

carbon dioxide, chlorofluorocarbons, and other pollutants.

Greenhouse effect - the trapping of the sun's warmth in a planet's lower atmosphere due

to the greater transparency of the atmosphere to visible radiation from the sun than to

infrared radiation emitted from the planet's surface.

GPC - The Global Protocol for Community-Scale Greenhouse Gas Emission

Inventories (GPC) is the result of a collaborative effort between the GHG Protocolat

WRI, C40, and ICLEI. The development of the GPC began in June 2011 as a result of a

Memorandum of Understanding between C40 and ICLEI.

Kyoto Protocol - The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to the

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which commits its Parties

by setting internationally binding emission reduction targets.

25
 III. Methodology

3.1 Materials

The Researchers use a piece of paper and a pen for the data collection. A letter signed

from the Mayors Office for the gasoline station annual sales data, and another letter from our

Research Advisor for the Veterinary Office livestock production data of the year 2016.

3.2 Procedure

The Researchers use a piece of paper and a pen for the data collection. A

letter signed from the Mayors Office for the gasoline station annual sales data, and

another letter from our Research Advisor for the Veterinary Office livestock production

data of the year 2016. Upon gathering Datas from the said sectors were immediately

passed to our Research Advisor. Our Research Advisor Personally retrieved other Datas

from other sectors that are not stated above.

26
3.3 Methodological Framework

Data Data Data Data

Collection Assessme Computatio Reporting
nt n
Activity
data
Data
x
Interpretation
Emission
factor

27
 IV. Results and Discussions

GHG Proportion of Weighted

Emissions Total Uncertainty
Emission Source
(tons CO2e) Emissions
Scope 1 Emissions(Net of Forestry and Land Use

GHG Emissions from community Mobile 2215.22 2.84% 8%

combustion
GHG Emissions from other solid waste treatment 326.29 0.44% 15%

GHG Emissions from community-Level agriculture 139.17 0.19% 7%

(crops)
GHG Emissions from Community Level 22869.5 30.71%
Agriculture (Livestock)
GHG Emissions from solid waste disposa-inside 4.25 0.01%
LGU Geopolitical boundaries (ICLEI)
GHG Emissions from Forestry and Land Use 47258.18 63.46%

GHG Removal from Sink -123.84 -0.17%

Total Scope 1 Emissions 72,713 97.65% 1%

Scope 2 Emissions

GHG Emissions from Purchased Electricity at 907.82 1.22% 0%

Community-Level Residential Sites
GHG Emissions from Purchased Electricity at 801.56 1.08% 7%
Community-Level Commercial Sites
GHG Emissions from Purchased Electricity at 41.45 0.06% 8%
Community-Level for All Other Sources
Total Scope 2 Emissions 1,751 2.35% 4%

Total Emissions and Uncertainty 74,463 100% 1%

Overall Certainty of Inventory Excelent

28
4.2 Statistical Analysis

GHG Emission

Scope 1
Scope 2
Scope 3

In scope 1, 72,713 tons of GHG emissions was recorded over the entire scope 1

boundary, Covering over 97% of the overall GHG emissions mainly CO2 of the Catbalogan City

archipelago. With the scope 2 emissions, 1,751 tons of GHG emissions were recorded over the

grid supplied Emissions covering the Catbalogan City. Over all 74,463 tons of GHG emissions

were collected and recorded within the city boundary.

29
 V. Conclusions and Recommendation

There was a significant output of CO2 (Carbon dioxide) within the city boundary,

though only 74,463 tons of GHG emissions were collected and is considered a small amount, it

still has significant contribution to the climate change ravaging the world at the present times.

5.2 Recommendation

Giving more authority with the people involved in executing the said study for the

belittlement of the said researchers is quite prevalent in performing in the said study.

30
 Bibliography

https://data.cdp.net/Cities/2016-Citywide-GHG-Emissions/dfed-thx7/data

https://data.cdp.net/api/views/dfed-thx7/rows.xml?accessType=DOWNLOAD

https://data.cdp.net/api/views/dfed-thx7/rows.rss?accessType=DOWNLOAD

-www.nrdc.org/stories/globalwarming-101

-www. nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/north-pole/

-http://unfccc.int/kyoto_protocol/items/2830.php

https://data.cdp.net/Cities/2016-Citywide-GHG-Emissions/dfed-thx7/data

https://www.epa.gov/ghgemissions/global-greenhouse-gas-emissions-data

-www.cbc.ca/amp/1.3176326

31