ECM 157

DIPLOMA IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

NAME STUDENT ID
MOHD YUSOF BIN ARSAD 2013674506

MOHD SYAFIQ AKMAL BIN 2013431936

ABDULLAH
NUR AMYRA HIDAYAH BINTI 2013224456
AMIRUL
FIONNA BINTI SHIONG 2013400356

AZIZAH BINTI ABDUL NASSIR 2013476452

GROUP : EC1101C
Lecturer NAME: SIR AWANG NASRIZAL AWANG ALI
DATE: 22 JULY 2013
 CONTENTS

ITEM PAGE
1
DEFINITION OF COMMUNICATION
2
HOW TO ACHIEVE AN EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION
3
TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
4
DESCRIBE THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS
5
STATE THE STAGES OF LISTENING PROCESS
6
LIST 5 EXAMPLE OF NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION
7
HOW TO OVERCOME THE BARRIER TO AN EFFECTIVE
COMMUNICATION
8
REFERENCE
 DEFINITION OF COMMUNICATION

Communication is a process of 2-way interaction between two parties to transfer information

and understanding the information given from 1 party (sender) to another party (receiver)

Communication is transfer of information from one person to another person, whether or not
it elicits confidence, but the information transferred must be understandable to the receiver -
G.G Brown

Communication is the intercourse by words, letters or messages Fred G. Meyer

Example:

In class we have and 2-way interaction between lecturer and student. the student will give a
feedback to the lecturer after the question given.
 Explain how to achieve an effective communication.

Firstly, the presenter must be able to organize and clarify in their mind. This must be done
before the presenter start to communicate the ideas. Then, the presenter must be articulate
so that the message comes across in a way that every listener can understand. The
presenter should avoid themselves from mumbling. This problem can avoid by practicing
the speech in front of the mirror to build the presenters confidence. The presenter also
should be vocally interesting because a presenter were recommended to raising their voice
when they transition from one topic to another topic. Furthermore, they also should
increasing and slow down their voice whenever there are raising a special point or
summing up.

The presenter must use their facial expression wisely to reflect passion and generate empathy
to the listener by using soft, gentle, and aware facial expression. Communicate eye to eye
also important for the presenter to convince to people that the presenter is trustworthy and
display interest. Then, the presenter should apply breathing and pauses because it helps to
empathy the points and allow the listener time to digest the information received. Lastly,
the presenter must keep a check on other body language signals by watching for
wandering eyes, hands picking at fluff on presenters clothing and constant sniffling. All
the ways given will help the presenter guaranteed to dampen the effectiveness of the
message given.
 TYPES OF COMMUNICATION

Verbal Communication

OXFORD Advanced Leaners Dictionary, 8th Edition, 2010

Based on this dictionary verbal is relating to words, spoken and not written.

For example, the good engineer must have good verbal skills and must be able to clearly
spell out how the vision to be carried out.

Verbal also can be defined as you talk with each other. Uttering words, phrases and
sentences is considered a verbal communication.

Non- Verbal Communication

Non- verbal communication manages to convey the senders message without having to
use word. The messages we send through our posture, gestures, facial expressions and
spatial distance.

Written Communication

OXFORD Advanced Leaners Dictionary, 8th Edition, 2010

Written can be defined as involving writing in the form of a letter, document, and others
rather than speaking or practical skills.

For example, in written communication message can be transmitted via email, letter,
report, memo etc. Message in written communication is influenced by vocabulary and
grammar used, writing style, precision and clarity of the language used.

Visual Communication

This form of communication involves the visual display of information, where in the
message is understood or expressed with the help of visual aids.

For example, topography, photography, signs, symbols, maps, colours, posters, banners
and design help the viewer understand the message visually.
 COMMUNICATION PROCESS

1). Sender

The people who begin the communication called sender. Sender is responsible for an
intended message and encoding the message.

2). Encoding

The process where putting idea and message into a set of symbolic form.

3). Medium

The way that the sender gives the message. Whether in verbal or no-verbal, example using
slideshow.

4). Receiver

Receiver is the person that receive message from sender. Receiver may be in individual,
group or organisation.

5). Decoder

The process help receiver interpreted message and understand the sending message.

6). Noises

Is the distorting during the communication process which cause disturbance. Example,
physiological (hunger, fatigue, headaches), physical (noise by other, temperature, lighting).
Generally noises make the process of communication become difficult.

7). Message

The information or idea gives from sender to the receiver. If there is no message there is no
communication

8). Feedback

The respond from receiver to communicate to the sender, to make sure there is to way
communication and also to make sure receiver understand the message receive.
 STATE THE STAGE OF LISTENING PROCESS

1) Receiving

Physical respond caused by sound wave stimulating the sensory receptor of ear.

2) Understanding
Learn what the speaker means, the thought and emotional tone.

3) Remembering
This is the important process, because not only the person receives and interpreted
message but also must save the information receive in the mind storage.

4) Evaluating
In this process, the person usually judges the message.
Often this evaluation process goes on without to be aware.

5) Responding
The person receive message require to complete through verbal or non-verbal
feedback because this is the way the speaker know that audience receive the message
or not.
List 5 example of non-verbal communication process

1) Eye contact
2) Posture
3) Facial Expressions
4) Appearance
5) Body languages
HOW TO OVERCOME THE BARRIES TO AN EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION

Physical Barries

The seating arrangements should be appropriate.

The audience can face the speaker in order to have eye contact if the seating
arrangements are appropriate.
The audibility and visibility in the hall should be ensured.
The visual and aural distractions should be minimised.

Psychological Barries

Calling attention and motivating listeners.

Feedback.
The very useful for the success of the communication are the listeners expect
some kind of assistance and sympathy.
Judicious use of audio-visual media helps bridge the communication gap.
 REFERENCE

1. Wiksoncardoza.wordpress.com/2012/08/12/assignment-on-define-and-explain-
process-of-communication/
2. http://www.slideshare.net/onlyursarif/process-of-listening
3. http://www.wikihow.com/Communicate-Effectively
4. OXFORD Advanced Leaners Dictionary, 8th Edition, 2010