Chapter 1

MGB Introduction to the Theory of Statistics

4(a) Let bi = ith black ball and gj = jth gold ball where i = 1, 2 and 3 and j = 1 and 2 .
The sample space for the experiment is the set of all possible outcomes of drawing with
replacement two balls from the urn.
(1 , 1 ), (1 , 2 ), (1 , 3 ), (2 , 1 ), (2 , 2 ), (2 , 3 ), (3 , 1 ), (3 , 2 ), (3 , 3 ),
B1 = { }
(1, 1 ), (1 , 2 ), (2 , 1 ), (2 , 2 ), (3 , 1 ), (3 , 2 )
(1 , 1 ), (1 , 2 ), (1 , 3 ), (2 , 1 ), (2 , 2 ), (2 , 3 ), (3 , 1 ), (3 , 2 ), (3 , 3 ),
B2 = { }
(1 , 1 ), (1 , 2 ), (1 , 3 ), (2 , 1 ), (2 , 2 ), (2 , 3 )
B1 B2 = {(1 , 1 ), (1 , 2 ), (1 , 3 ), (2 , 1 ), (2 , 2 ), (2 , 3 ), (3 , 1 ), (3 , 2 ), (3 , 3 )}
3 3 3 3 9
4(b) [B1 ] = 5, [B2 ] = 5 and [B1 B2 ] = (5) (5) = 25.

4(c) The sample space for the experiment is the set of all possible outcomes of drawing
without replacement two balls from the urn.
(1 , 2 ), (1 , 3 ), (2 , 1 ), (2 , 3 ), (3 , 1 ), (3 , 2 ),
B1 = { }
(1, 1 ), (1 , 2 ), (2 , 1 ), (2 , 2 ), (3 , 1 ), (3 , 2 )
(1 , 2 ), (1 , 3 ), (2 , 1 ), (2 , 3 ), (3 , 1 ), (3 , 2 ),
B2 = { }
(1 , 1 ), (1 , 2 ), (1 , 3 ), (2 , 1 ), (2 , 2 ), (2 , 3 )
B1 B2 = {(1 , 2 ), (1 , 3 ), (2 , 1 ), (2 , 3 ), (3 , 1 ), (3 , 2 )}
3 2 3 2 3
[B1 ] = [B1 B2 ] + [B1
B2 ] = (5) (4) + (5) (4) = 5,
3 2 2 3 3
[B2 ] = [B2 B1 ] + [B2
B1 ] = (5) (4) + (5) (4) = 5
3 2 3
and [B1 B2 ] = ( ) ( ) = .
5 4 10

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