4.

() = 2 ( 6 )
a) 0 = 0, 1 = 1, 2 = 3 para aproximar f (2) y f (2.4)
Para hallar el polinomio P2 se debe cumplir la siguiente condicin
P2 (0 ) = P2 (0) = 0 = f(0) = f(0 )
P2 (1 ) = P2 (1) = 1 = f(1) = f(1 )
P2 (2 ) = P2 (3) = 2 = f(3) = f(2 )
Segn el teorema P2 es igual a
2

P2 () = ()( ) = 0 ()(0 ) + 1 ()(1 ) + 2 ()(2 )

=0
P2 () = 00 () + 11 () + 22 ()
Donde
2
1 2 1 3 2 4 + 3 1 2 4
0 () = = ( )= ( )= = +1
0 0 1 0 2 01 03 3 3 3
=0
0

2
0 2 0 3 2 3 1 3
1 () = = ( )= ( )= = 2 +
1 1 0 1 2 10 13 2 2 2
=0
1
2
0 1 0 1 2 1 2 1
2 () = = ( )= ( )= =
2 2 0 2 1 30 31 6 6 6
=0
2
De esta manera
1 4 1 3 1 1
P2 () = 0 ( 2 + 1) 2 + + 2 ( 2 )
3 3 2 2 6 6
1 2 3 1 2 1
P2 () = + +
2 2 3 3
1 2 7
P2 () = +
6 6
P2 () = 0.16672 + 1.1667

Donde al reemplazar los valores de x0, x1 y x2 debe dar el valor f(x) respectivamente. Al evaluar la
funcin en los puntos f (2) y f (2.4) se obtiene que:
f(2) = 1.7320; P2 (2) = 1.6667
f(2.4) = 1.9021; P2 (2.4) = 1.8402

Y la grfica obtenida es la siguiente:

Donde la parte azul corresponde a la funcin () = 2 ( )y la parte verde corresponde a
6
P2 () = 0.16672 + 1.1667
b) 0 = 0, 1 = 1, 2 = 3, 4 = 5 para aproximar f (2) y f (2.4)

Para hallar el polinomio P3 se debe cumplir la siguiente condicin

P3 (0 ) = P3 (0) = 0 = f(0) = f(0 )
P3 (1 ) = P3 (1) = 1 = f(1) = f(1 )
P3 (2 ) = P3 (3) = 2 = f(3) = f(2 )
P3 (3 ) = P3 (5) = 1 = f(5) = f(3 )
Segn el teorema P3 es igual a
3

P3 () = ()( ) = 0 ()(0 ) + 1 ()(1 ) + 2 ()(2 ) + 3 ()(3 )

=0
P3 () = 00 () + 11 () + 22 () + 13 ()
Donde
3
1 2 3 1 3 5
0 () = = ( )( )= ( )( )
0 0 1 0 2 0 3 01 03 05
=0
0
3 9 2 + 23 15 1 3 23
= = 3 + 2 +1
15 15 5 15

3
0 2 3 0 3 5 3 8 2 + 15
1 () = = ( )( )= ( )( )=
1 1 0 1 2 1 3 10 13 15 8
=0
1
1 15
= 3 2 +
8 8
3
0 1 3 0 1 5 3 6 2 + 5
2 () = = ( )( )= ( )( )=
2 2 0 2 1 2 3 30 31 35 12
=0
2
1 3 1 2 5
= +
12 2 12
 3
0 1 2 0 1 3 3 4 2 + 3
3 () = = ( )( )= ( )( )=
3 3 0 3 1 3 2 50 51 53 40
=0
3
1 3 1 2 3
= +
40 10 40

De esta manera
1 3 3 2 23 1 15 1 1 5 1 1 3
P3 () = 0 ( + + 1) + 3 2 + + 2 ( 3 + 2 ) + 3 2 +
15 5 15 8 8 12 2 12 40 10 40
3 15 3 5 3 2 3
P3 () = 2 + + 2 + +
8 8 6 6 40 10 40
1 3
1 2
67
P3 () = +
60 10 60
P3 () = 0.01673 0.12 + 1.1167

Donde al reemplazar los valores de x0, x1, x2, x3 debe dar el valor f(x) respectivamente. Al evaluar la
funcin en los puntos f (2) y f (2.4) se obtiene que:
f(2) = 1.7320; P3 (2) = 1.6998
f(2.4) = 1.9021; P3 (2.4) = 1.8732

Y la grfica obtenida es la siguiente:

Donde la parte azul corresponde a la funcin () = 2 ( )y la parte verde corresponde a
6
P3 () = 0.01673 0.12 + 1.1167

6.
() 5 20 30 50 55
0.08 0.015 0.09 0.006 0.0055
( 2 )

Deseamos un polinomio P4 que cumpa con

P4 (0 ) = P4 (5) = 0.08 = f(5) = f(0 )

 P4 (1 ) = P4 (20) = 0.015 = f(20) = f(1 )
P4 (2 ) = P4 (30) = 0.09 = f(30) = f(2 )
P4 (3 ) = P4 (50) = 0.006 = f(50) = f(3 )
P4 (3 ) = P4 (55) = 0.0055 = f(55) = f(3 )

El P4 pedido es
P4 () = 0 + 1 ( 0 ) + 2 ( 0 )( 1 ) + 3 ( 0 )( 1 )( 2 )
+ 4 ( 0 )( 1 )( 2 )( 3 )
P4 () = 0 + 1 ( 5) + 2 ( 5)( 20) + 3 ( 5)( 20)( 30) + 4 (
5)( 20)( 30)( 50)
P4 () = 0 + 1 ( 5) + 2 ( 2 25 + 100) + 3 ( 3 55 2 + 850 3000)
+ 4 ( 4 105 3 + 3600 2 45500 + 150000)

xk f[ ] f[ , ] f[ , , ] f[ , , , ] f[ , , , , , ]
5 0.08
20 0.015 - 13/3000
30 0.09 3/400 71/150000
50 0.006 - 21/5000 - 39/100000 - 0.000019185
55 0.0055 - 1/10000 41/250000 0.000015828 7/10000000

Hallamos las primeras diferencias divididas

[0 ] = (0 ) = (5) = 0.08 = 0
[1 ] = (1 ) = (20) = 0.015
[2 ] = (2 ) = (30) = 0.09
[3 ] = (3 ) = (50) = 0.006
[4 ] = (4 ) = (55) = 0.0055

Hallamos las segundas diferencias divididas

[1 ] [0 ] 0.015 0.08 13
[0 , 1 ] = = = 0.004333333 = = 1
1 0 20 5 3000
[2 ] [1 ] 0.09 0.015
[1 , 2 ] = = = 3/400
2 1 30 20
[3 ] [2 ] 0.006 0.09
[2 , 3 ] = = = 21/5000
3 2 50 30
[4 ] [3 ] 0.0055 0.006
[3 , 4 ] = = = 1/10000
4 3 55 50

Hallamos las terceras diferencias divididas

13
[1 , 2 ] [0 , 1 ] 0.0075 + 3000 71
[0 , 1 , 2 ] = = = = 2
2 0 30 5 150000
[2 , 3 ] [1 , 2 ] 0.0042 0.0075 39
[1 , 2 , 3 ] = = =
3 1 50 20 100000
 [3 , 4 ] [2 , 3 ] 0.0001 + 0.0042 41
[2 , 3 , 4 ] = = =
4 2 55 30 250000

Hallamos la cuarta diferencia dividida

[1 , 2 , 3 ] [0 , 1 , 2 ] 0.00039 0.000473333
[0 , 1 , 2 , 3 ] = =
3 0 50 5
= 0.000019185 = 3
[2 , 3 , 4 ] [1 , 2 , 3 ] 0.000164 + 0.00039
[1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ] = = = 0.000015828
3 0 55 20

Hallamos la sexta diferencia dividida

[1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ] [0 , 1 , 2 , 3 ]
[0 , 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 ] =
4 0
0.0000015828 + 0.000019185
= = 0.0000007 = 4
55 5
De este modo
13 71
P4 () = 0.08 ( 5) + ( 2 25 + 100)
300 150000
0.000019185( 3 55 2 + 850 3000)
7
+ ( 4 105 3 + 3600 2 45500 + 150000)
10000000

13 13 71 71 71
P4 () = 0.08 + + 2 + 0.000019185 3 + 0.001055185 2
300 60 150000 6000 1500
259 63 2
0.016307407 + + 0.0000007 4 0.0000735 3 +
4500 2500
637 21
+
20000 200

4559
P4 () = 0.0000007 4 0.000092685 3 + 0.026728518 2 0.103324073 +
9000