Word Problems in 1 Variable (Money) 7x + 500,000 - 10x = 440,000

R-epresentation 500,000 3x = 440,000

E-quation 60,000 = 3x; x(at 7%)= P20,000, at 10% = P30,000
S-olution
Interpretation Word Problems in 1 variable: (Mixture)
1. I have a mix of 1, 5 and 10 peso coins. If there are as Solute Part of the Solution, dissolved by the Solvent. If
many 5 peso coins as many 10 peso coins. And twice as water and other solvent were added, %sol(sol/soln)
many 1 peso coins as 5 peso coins. And all in all my becomes smaller.
money sums to P170. How many of each do I have? Solvent Part of Solution, dissolves the solute. If salt,
R: x, number of 5 peso coins powder and other solute were added, %solv(solv/soln)
x, number of 10 peso coins becomes smaller.
2x, number of 1 peso coin Solution = Solute + Solvent
E: 5(x) + 10(x) + 1(2x) = 170 1. How much water should you add to 25% concentrated
S: 5x + 10x + 2x = 170 20L solution to make it 20% concentrated
17x = 170 R: Let x be the amount of water added
17x/17 = 170/17 E: amount solute = (conc)(vol)
x = 10, 2x = 20 (25/100)(20) + 0 = (20/100)(20+x)
I: there are 10 pcs of both 5 and 10 peso coins, and 20pcs ***note: we added 0 because addition of water has no
of 1 peso coin. effect on the amount of solute.
S: 5 = 1/5(20+x)
2. I have equal number of 20 and 50 peso bills, and some 5 = 4 + (1/5)(x)
100 peso bills. If all in all I have P1200 pesos and 25 pcs 1=(1/5 x); x = 5
of bills, how many of each do I have? I: You should add 5 L.
R: x, number of 20 peso bill
x, number of 50 peso bill 2. How much salt should you add to 25% 48L brine
25-2x(sum of the two previous number of bills), number solution to make it 40% concentrated?
of 100 peso bills R: Let x be the amount of salt added
E: 20(x)+50(x)+100(25-2x)=1200 E: amount solute = (conc)(vol)
S: 20x+50x+2500-200x=1200 (25/100)(48) + x = (40/100)(48+x)
2500-130x = 1200 ***notice that here we added pure x because pure salt
1300 = 130x increases the amount of salt by x
130x = 1300 S: (48) + x = (2/5)(48+x)
x = 10 12 + x = (96/5) + (2/5)(x)
I: There are 10 pcs of 20 peso bill, 10 pcs of 50 peso bill 12 + x = (96/5) + (2/5)(x)
and 5 pcs of 100 peso bill. 12 + (3/5)(x)= 96/5
60 + 3x = 96
Word Problems in 1 variable: (Investment) 3x = 36
Remember the PRB triangle? x = 12
Percentage = Rate x Base I: You should add 12 L of salt.
Example: What is 10% of 250?
(10%)*250 = Word Problems in 1 variable: (Uniform Motion)
(10/100)*250 = 25 Uniform Motion Speed is the same all throughout the
RBP trip.
1. Mr. Chan invested equal amounts to two firms each Distance = (Speed)*(Time)
paying at rates 5% and 8% per annum (per year). If 3 Cases of Uniform Motion Problems:
after 1 year he collected interests which sums to Moving Towards Each Other
P2600. How much did he invest all in all? Moving Away From Each Other
R: Let x be the amount invested each at 5% and 8% Chase
E: (5/100)x + (8/100) x = 2600 Case 1: Moving Towards Each Other
S: 5x + 8x = 260,000 Two trains travel towards each other. If their initial
13x = 260,000 distance is 2800m, and reaches each other after 40s. Find
x = 20,000 their speeds if the first one is 10m/s faster?
I: He invested P20,000 each at 5% and 8%. R: Let x be the speed of the slower train
2. If Mr. Wei splits his money, which amounts to x+10 be the speed of the faster train
P50,000 to two investments that pay 7% and 10% E: time*speed = distance
p.a. respectively. And after a year he collects interest 40(x+10) + 40(x) = 2800
amounting to P4400. How much did he invest at S: 40x + 400 + 40x = 2800
each? 80x + 400 = 2800
R: x be the amount invest at 7% 80x = 2400; x=30, x+10=40
(50,000-x) be the amount invested at 10% I: The first trains speed is 40m/s, and 30/s for the second.
E: (7/100)(x) + (10/100)(50,000-x) = 4400
S: 7x + 10(50,000-x) = 440,000 Case 2: Moving Away From Each Other
Two trucks, with the first one faster than the second by P is missing, P=R*B, we will use the fraction equivalent
20kph travels away from each other. Find their speeds if of R
after 15 hours, they are 1500km apart? P= (20/100)*100=20
R: Let x be the speed of the slower truck
x+20 be the speed of the faster truck 50 is 25% of what number?
E: time*speed = distance Again 25% is the RATE
15(x+20) + 15(x) = 1500 50 is just 25% of the UNKNOWN, therefore its just the
S: 15x + 300 + 15x = 1500 PART (PERCENTAGE)
30x + 300 = 1500 BASE is missing
30x = 1200; x=40, x+20=60 B=P/R, we always use the fraction equivalent of R
I: The two trucks travel at speeds 40 and 60kph. B=50/ (25/100) = 200

Case 3: Chase What percent of 120 is 30

A truck leave a toll gate at 5pm, with speed of 50kph. If a
car leaves the same toll gate at 7pm, but with speed of
70kph, what time will the car meet the truck?
R: If the truck travelled at 5pm, then no matter how much
in (t) hours the car travels, he travel (t+2) hours
t -> time travelled by car
t+2 -> time travelled by truck
E: When they meet, they should have covered the same
distance
50 (t+2) = 70 (t)
50 (t+2) = 70 (t)
50t + 100 = 70t
100 = 20t
t=5hrs, or 5 hours after the car left
or t+2=7hrs after the truck left
I: They will meet at 12mn.
DECIMALS
Operations on Decimals (Division)
Move EQUAL NUMBER of PLACES UNTIL BOTH
DECIMAL POINTS are REMOVED.
If either the DIVIDEND or the DIVISOR still has
DECIMAL POINT, move more PLACES, but ADD
EQUAL NUMBER OF ZEROES (0) to the other value.
Example: 1.34 divided by 2.2
After moving 1 place: 13.4/22
Move another place: 134/220(note one 0 is added)
Go on with the DIVISION
OBVIOUSLY we dont see the % symbol so whats
missing is the RATE
120 is the WHOLE not because it is bigger, but rather
because it where 30 was compared from.
R=P/B
R=30/120
To get the % equivalent, multiply the fraction by 100
R=(30/120)*100=25 then add the %, thus 25%.
SIMPLE INTEREST
INTEREST=(No. of Times Interest will happen)*(Rate of
Interest)*(Value of Initial Money)
FINAL AMOUNT OF THE MONEY=(INITIAL
MONEY)+(INTEREST)
Example: How much money do I have if I invest P20,000
to a bank that pays 3% per annum(year) for 5 years?
Interest=(5years)(3/100 per year)(20,000)
Interest=P3000
Final Money=20,000+3000=P23,000

PERCENTAGES
PERCENT means PER HUNDRED
So 1% is 1/100
Addition and Subtraction: (just like whole numbers),
15%+27%=42%
Multiplication and Division: convert first to fraction,
5%*12%, is (5/100)*(12/100)

The P-R-B Triangle

P-ercentage (value of the part)
R-ate (its value in %)
B-ase (the whole)
P=R*B
R=P/B
B=P/R

What is 20% of 100?

Obviously 20% is the RATE
And 100 is the WHOLE, because you want to find its
20% and 20% is just a PART of the WHOLE