19th IAHR - APD Congress

September 21 - 24, 2014, WRU, Hanoi, Vietnam

STUDY ON PICK-UP RATE IN A RIVER UNDER FLOODS BASED ON

ACOUSTIC DOPPLER VELOCIMETER MEASUREMENT
A. SUGIMURA 1, c and Y. NIHEI1
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
c
Corresponding author: Tel: +81-04-7124-1501; Fax: +81-04-7123-9766; e-mail: j7613607@ed.tus.ac.jp

ABSTRACT

Pick-up rates of bottom sediment in rivers and lakes are important for sediment budget, bed
evolution and water-quality environments. A lot of laboratory experiments using open and enclosed
channels have been conducted to examine the fundamental property of pick up rates under various
flow conidions (e.g., van Rijn, 1984; Otsubo and Muraoka, 1985). In contrast, previous field studies
for directly measuring in-situ pick-up rates of bottom sediments were limited.
On the other hand, the authors developed a device which may easily measure an in situ pick-up
rate of sediments under various flow conditions (Nihei and Yamasaki, 2005). Using the new device,
we clarified pick-up rates of bottom sediments in an urban river before and after flood events.
However we can not investigate temporal variations of pick-up rates under flood conditions.
The present study aims to clarify the temporal variations of pick-up rates in a river under flood
conditions. For this, an acoustic Doppler velocimeter which can measure three-dimensional
velocities and echo intensity closely related to turbidity (e.g., Nakagawa et al., 2012), was applied
to measure the pick-up rates in a river. In this study, the field measurements using an ADV were
done in the Oohori River which flows into Lake Taganuma, one of well-known eutrophic lakes in
Japan. In the measurements, we installed turbidity sensors and ADCP to continuously monitor
turbidity and vertical velocity profile, respectively. Using these data, we analysed turbulent
quantities such as Reynolds stress and pick-up rates of sediments.
The main conclusions in this study are as follows:
1) The echo intensity measured by the ADV was found to be highly related to the turbidity. It means
that the ADV can evaluate easily time series of pick-up rates of sediments.
2) The hysterisis between water level and turbulent quantities under floods was dominant in the
flood with relatively higher unsteadiness parameter (Nezu et al., 1997).
3) The correlations between the pick-up rates and bottom shear stress were influenced by
API(Antecedent Precipitation Index) and flood magnitude.

KEYWORDS: pick-up rate, suspended sediment transport, acoustic Doppler velocimeter, flood,
turbulence

REFERENCES
L. van Rijn. Sediment PickUp Functions, J. Hydraul. Eng., Vol.110, No.10, pp.14941502, 1984.
K. Otsubo, K, Muraoka. Physical Properties and critical shear stress of cohesive bottom sediments, Journal of Japan
Society of Civil Engineers, No.363, pp.225-234, 1985 (in Japanese).
Y. Nihei and Y. Yamasaki: Monitoring method for pick-up rate of sediments in rivers, INTERCOH05, pp.94-95, 2005.
Y. Nakagawa, K. Nadaoka, H. Yagi, R. Ariji, H. Yoneyama, K. Shirai. Field measurement and modeling of near-bed
sediment transport processes with fluid mud layer in Tokyo Bay, Ocean Dynamics, Vol. 62, pp 1535-1544, 2012.
I. Nezu, A. Kadota., H. Nakagawa. Turbulent structure in unsteady depth-varying open-channel flows, J. Hyd. Eng.,
Vol.123, No.9, pp.752-763, 1997.