1- The graph shows the speed of a runner during a race. What is the distance travelled by the runner during the race? 40 speed of runner mis 0 2 4 6 8 10 2 4 16 time/s 3- A car driver takes a total of two hours to make a journey of 75 km. She has a coffee break of half. an hour and spends a quarter of an hour stationary in a traffic jam. At what average speed must she travel during the rest of the time if she wants to complete the journey in the two hours? 6- The graph shows the movement of a car over a period of 50s. ,, ‘What was the distance travelled by the car during the time when it was moving at a steady speed? 19- The graph shows the speed of a car as it moves from rest. 12. speed msg, 0 1 2 3 time/s Whatis the average speed of the car during the first 3 s? Fig. 11 shows the speedt-time graph for the first 125 ofthe joumey of alory. specs °° m/s 20 10 0 9 2 40 60 80 100 120 time's (a) Dusing the mation show, describe what happens () the speed of the ony, {i the acceleration of the losry. |b) Determine the maniaum epeed ofthe lony in m/s and in kan/h.2- Fig. 1:1 shows a car travelling at a uniform speed of 18 m/s. At time t= 0, the driver sees a child run out in front of the car. Pe FF Fig. 1.1 Attime t= 065 the driverstats to apply the rates. The car then decelerate uniformly, iakinga further 30 stostop. (0) OnFig 1.2, deme a graph to show how the sped ofthe cr wae witht speed mis 0 1 2 3 4 5 us Fig. 1.2 (@ Calculate the distance travelled in the first 0.6 s of the motion. distance = enn (b) The braking distance is the distance travelled by the car after the driver starts to apply the brakes. The braking distance is not the same each time that the car stops. 3. Fig, 11 shows a simplified speed time graph for a train that travels between two stations. 5. A cyclist carte from sect. He accelerates and then teavele at a constant apeed. At 122, the cyclist applies the brakes and slows down. Photographs are taken of the cydist at 4s intervals. Fig, 21 shows the results. distance /m 20 30 40 50 60 Os 4s és 128 (a) On Fig. 21, draw a possible position of the front wheel of the cycle at 16 s. (0) On Fig. 22 plota distance-time graph of the cyclist fr the first 165.(a) On Fig. 2:1, draw a possibile position of the front wheel of the cycle at 16 s (b) On Fig. 22, plot a distance-time graph of the cyclist for the first 16 s. 60 (©) Calculate the average speed of the cyclist during the 50 fist 12s. 40 stance/m 30 * [PMay-2006] 0 4 a 2 16 time/s Fig.2.2 4. Fig. 11 shows a 0.4 kg mass hanging at sest from a spring. (a) State what is meant by the mass of an object. (b) (@) On Fig. 11, draw an arrow showing the direction and the for each of the two forces that act on the mass. Write the name of the force next toeach (ii) The gravitational field strength is 10 N/kg. Calculate the size of each of —0.4kg_, the two forces acting on the mass. mass Fixst £0802 = ene SCONE FOECE = nnn (¢) The mass is pulled downwards. State and explain what happens to the Fig.4.4 [Nov-2005] 5- Fig. 2.1 shows apparatus that demonstrates how a coin and a piece of paper fall from rest. 1A man weighs 600 N. He nuns up stairs of total height 4 metres in 3 seconds. How much power is exerted by the man?3. A pole-vaulter runs along a track, reaching a maximum speed of 8.4 m/s. At the end of the track, he places a pole into the ground as shown in Fig. 3.1, and uses the pole to push himself vertically upwards. (a) When the pole-vaulter runs along the track, there is a constant forward force on him of 320N and a backwards resistive force that varies with his speed as shown in Fig. 3.2. 400. 35 resistive force N Fig.3.2 “Explain why the maximum speed that he can reach is 8.4 m/s. (b) The mass of the pole-vaulter is 60 kg (i) Calculate the maximum kinetic energy of the pole-vaulter as he runs along the track. State clearly the formula that you se. (ii) The pole is used to convert all this kinetic energy into gravitational potential energy.4. Fig. 4.1 shows a hydroelectric power station. Water from the lake is used to produce electricity in the turbine house. KA nae 1 | Fiat (@) State where the water in Fig. 41 has the Least potential energy. (©) 1n30 minutes, the water loses 5.0 10°] of energy and 4.5 * 10° of electrical energy is produced in the turbine house. (@) Calculate the efficiency of the energy conversion. (ii) Calculate, in watts, the electrical power output from the turbine house. ‘hydroelectric power station. 2. Fig. 11.1 shows a children’s side. A carriage containing childsen is pulled up the slope by a motor. The cassiage stops at A and then runs down through B, C and D without further input of energy. Between D and E the carriage tums through a bend at constant speed, as shown in Fig, 11.2. At E, brakes are applied and the carriage slows to a stop at F. The height of the ride is 30m at A and 10m atc. The mass of the carriage and children is 500 kg. Take the ‘gravitational field strength as 10 N/kg. (a) @) Discuss the energy changes that occur in the side from A to D. (ii) Calculate the maximum potential energy ___ of the carriage and children. F (iii) Assuming that there is no friction ‘between A and C, detemine the kinetic Fig 114 energy of the carriage and children at C. b) carriage Between D and E, the carriage goes round part of a horizontal circle at Miewed irom constant speed. above TTT” During this time the velocity of the carriage changes. Fig. 11.2 (i) Explain how the carsiage can have a constant speed but a changing velocity. (ii) State the direction of the force that acts on the carriage to make it move round the curve. (¢) Between E and F, a frictional force of 3000 N acts to stow the carriage. Calculate the deceleration of the carriage.5- A student carnies out an experiment to measure the power he produces. He runs up a flight of stairs, as shown in Fig. Ll. ‘The student takes readings to calculate his power. Fig.t1 6- Fig. 6.1 shows a device used to generate electricity. Water entering atthe top tums the wheel. A enerator connected to the wheel produces electric current. Fio.e {a) State the two main energy changes that take place in this device as water starts to flow. 1 2 (b) The change in the potential energy of the water every second is 2000]. The electrical energy output is 1200 J every second Calculate the efficiency of the process. clficiency {@) State two ways in which the device wastes energy. 1 2 x Lot op a & piston force atmosphetic a area 400. cm? me, pis 2 | a | ‘tee 200m? a save eylinder master af, valve A ‘ap valve eyincer (usually sosed) Fig. 10.1 Piston Pis 20 em? and the area of piston Q is 400 em? (a) Explain, in detail, how pushing X downwards causes piston Q to rise. State clearly what happens to valve A and fo valve B. (b) Piston P exerts a downward force of 300 N on the oil, {) Caleulate the pressure, inN /em2, exerted by piston P on the oil. (Gi) State the value of the pressure in the slave cylinder. i) Caleulate the force exerted by the cil on piston Q. () Piston P moves down 5 cm. {) Calowtlate the volume of oil that moves out of the master cylinder. (i) Calculate the distance that piston Q rises. (a) After X in Fig, 10.1 is pushed down, itis lifted up again. State what happens, as X is lifted, to valve A, to valve B and to the piston Q. (e) State why off, not air, is used in the hydraulic press.2. Fig. 2] shows a water manometer used to measuse the pressure inside a gas pipe. scale scale gas Pipe gas gas Pipe Pipe Fig.21 Fig.22 Fig.2.3 (a) State whether the pressure inside the gas pipe in Fig. 2 is larger than or smaller than atmospheric pressuse, (b) The manometers shown in Figs. 2? and 2.3 are connected to the same gas pipe at the same pressure as shown in Fig, 2.1.0n Figs. 2.2 and 23, drawy the levels of the liquid in each manometer if {@) the manometer in Fig. .2 contains water and has tubes with twice the diameter of Fig, 2.1, Gi the manometer in Fig, 2.3 contains a liquid with density half that of EM cetaser water. } as Poe (¢) The manometer shown in Fig, 2.4 has its top end sealed. sepped ai Explain why the water levels ate different in Figs. 2.4 and 2.1, even though the pressure in the gas pipe is the same. ge ss Fig2a