227-2 @ IEC 1979 - 1 -

Tiu chun
IEC
quc t
227-2
Xut bn ln th nht

1979

Dy dn v cp
cch in bng PVC
vi in p nh mc
bng v ln hn
450/750V
Phn 2 :
Cc phng php th nghim

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227-2 @ IEC 1979 - 2 -

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Hiu lc ca n phm ny
Ni dung k thut ca cc n phm IEC thng xuyn c xem xt li
cho chng phn nh ng tnh trng k thut hin hnh.
Cc thng tin v ngy thng xem xt li ti liu u c sn Vn
phng Trung ng ca IEC :
Cc thng tin lin quan n vic xem xt li ny, n vic xut
bn cc ti liu xem xt li v cc bn sa i c th nhn c t
cc y ban Quc gia ca IEC v trong cc ti liu sau y:
- Thng bo ca IEC
- Nin gim ca IEC (cng b hng nm)
- Danh mc cc n phm ca IEC (cng b hng nm v c cp
nht u n)
Thut ng
V thut ng chung, xin bn c tham kho ti liu IEC 50 : T
ng k thut in Quc t, c xut bn thnh cc chng ring, mi
chng xem xt mt ch nht nh. Cc chi tit y v IEV
c th nhn c theo yu cu. Cng c th xem t im a ng
ca IEC.
Cc thut ng v nh ngha c dng trong n phm ny
hoc l c trch t IEV, hoc l c ph chun ring dng cho n
phm ny.

Cc k hiu bng th v bng ch

V cc k hiu bng th, bng ch v cc du hiu thng dng
c IEC ph chun, bn c tham kho :
- IEC 27 : Cc k hiu bng ch dng trong k thut in.
- IEC 417 : Cc k hiu bng th dng trn cc thit b, cc bng
tra cu, cc
bn thu thp v tuyn tp cc t ri.
- IEC 617: Cc k hiu bng th dng cho s v cc dng c
in trong y t
- IEC 878 : Cc k hiu bng th cho thit b in trong y t
thc hnh
Cc k hiu v cc du hiu dng trong n phm ny, hoc c
trch t IEC 27, IEC 417, IEC 617 v/ hoc IEC 878, hoc l c ph
chun ring dng cho n phm ny.
Cc n phm ca IEC do cng mt y ban K thut son tho.
Xin bn c lu n cc trang cui ca n phm ny. y c
lit k cc n phm ca IEC do y ban K thut xy dng nn n
phm ny son tho.

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Mc lc

Li ni u

Li ta

1. Phn tng qut.................................................................................

1.1. Cc quy nh chung...........................................................................
1.2. Cc th nghim cn p dng..............................................................
1.3. Cch phn loi cc th nghim theo tn s........................................
1.4. Cch ly mu.......................................................................................
1.5. Cch gia cng s b............................................................................
1.6. Nhit th nghim.........................................................................
1.7. in p th nghim.............................................................................
1.8. Kim tra tnh bn vng (khng ty xa c) ca cc mu v
cc ch nh du....................................................................................
1.9. o b dy ca v cch in...............................................................
1.10. o b dy lp ghen............................................................................
1.11. o cc kch thc bn ngoi v bu dc ha.................................

2. Cc th nghim in...............................................................................
2.1. in tr ca li dn in....................................................................
2.2. Th nghim in p tin hnh trn cc dy cp hon chnh..........
2.3. Th nghim in p trn cc li dn in........................................
2.4. in tr cch in..............................................................................

3. Th nghim bn c kh ca cc dy cp mm hon chnh.............

3.1 Th mm do.................................................................................
3.2. Th nghim gp (xp li)....................................................................
3.3. Th nghim lc..................................................................................
3.4. Th nghim tch ring cc li dn in ra.........................................

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227-2 @ IEC 1979 - 6 -

nh chnh

Bn quy nh k thut ny tham kho cc phng php th nghim ca n

phm 540 c chuyn sang n phm 811.

thun tin cho bn c, bng di y nu ln s tng ng gia cc iu,

mc ca cc n phm 540, 811 v 885 ca IEC. Vo cui n phm ny thm bng
sau y vo.

S tng ng gia cc iu mc ca cc n phm 540, 811 v 885

ca IEC

Tn ca iu khon 540 811 885

trong n phm 540* iu Phn on iu Phn
- Th nghim phng in tng phn 3 - - - 2
- o b dy v ng knh 4 1 1 8 -
- Xc nh cc tnh cht c kh ca 5 1 1 9 -
cc hn hp dng lm v cch in v
lm ghen
- Phng php lo ha do nhit 6 1 2 8 -
- Th nghim tn tht khi lng cc v 7 3 2 8 -
cch in v ghen PVC
- Th nghim p lc nhit cao 8 3 1 8 -
cho cc v cch in v ghen PVC
- Cc th nghim nhit thp cho 9 1 4 8 -
cc v cch in v ghen PVC.
- Th nghim sc chu rn nt ca cc 10 3 1 9 -
v cch in v ghen PVC
- Phng php xc nh t trng cc 11 1 3 8 -
hn hp n hi v cht do chu
nhit
- o ch s lng khi nng ca cht 12 4 1 10 -
polythylne do chu nhit.
- Th nghim sc chu jn 13 2 1 8 -
- Th nghim dn di kh nng 14 2 1 9 -
- Th nghim sc chu du m cho cc 15 2 1 10 -
ghen gc n hi
- Th nghim in cho cc dy cp, 16 - - - 1
cc li dn dy v cc si dy vi in
p nh hn hoc bng 450/750 V.
- n nh nhit ca cc v cch 17 3 2 9 -
in v cc ghen PVC
- o t l en mu cacbon v/hoc 18 4 1 11 -
hm lng cht khong trong PE
- Cc th nghim v ht nc 19 1 3 9 -
- Th nghim co 20 1 3 10 -

* n phm 540: Cc phng php th nghim cho cc v cch in v ghen

ca cc dy cp in lc loi cng v mm (hn hp n hi
v cht do chu nhit)

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n phm 811: Cc phng php th nghim chung cho cc vt liu cch

in v vt
liu lm ghen ca cc cp in lc.
n phm 540: Cc phng php th nghim cho cp in lc
Thng ging nm 1988

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y ban k thut in quc t

dy cp cch in bng polyvinin chlorua
c in p nh mc ln hn v bng 450/750 V

Phn hai : Cc phng php th nghim

Li ni u

1. Cc quyt nh v tha c chnh thc ca IEC v cc vn k thut c son tho

bi cc y ban K thut, trong c i din ca tt c cc y ban Quc gia c bit quan
tm n cc vn ni trn, th hin mt s nht tr Quc t trn cc ch c xem
xt.
2. Cc quyt nh ny l cc khuyn ngh Quc t v c cc y ban Quc gia tha nhn
theo ngha .
3. thc y s thng nht Quc t, IEC mong mun rng tt c cc y ban Quc gia
tha nhn vn bn ca khuyn ngh IEC v a vo cc th l Quc gia trong chng mc m
cc iu kin Quc gia cho php. Mi s khc bit gia khuyn ngh ca IEC v th l
quc gia tng ng trong mc c th, cn c lm r trong cc th l Quc gia.
4. IEC khng quy nh mt th tc no nh du v du hiu ph chun, v cng khng
chu trch nhim v vic mt thit b c cng b l tho mn mt trong cc khuyn ngh
ca mnh.

Li ta
Tiu chun ny c son tho bi Tiu ban 20B: Dy cp in h p thuc y
ban K thut s 20 ca IEC: Dy cp in lc.
n phm ny l phn th hai: Cc phng php th nghim ca n phm IEC
227 Cc dy cp cch in bng polyvinin chlorua c in p nh mc nh
hn v bng 450/750 V. Cc phn khc ca b tiu chun hon chnh ny l:
Phn 1: Cc quy nh chung ly tn l IEC 227-1
Phn 3: Dy cp khng mn chn i dy c nh ly tn l IEC 227- 3
Phn 4: Dy cp c mn chn i dy c nh ly tn l IEC 227- 4
Phn 5: Dy cp mm ly tn l IEC 227-5
Phn 6: Dy cp dng cho thang my v cho dy u ni mm ly tn l IEC 227-
6.
Cc phn 3,4 v.v... nu ln cc loi cp ring. Cc n phm ny phi c c cng
lc vi phn 1 v 2. Ln lt c th thm cc phn khc khi cc loi cp khc c tiu
chun ha.
Tiu chun hon chnh gm tt c cc phn, thay th cho n phm IEC 227 trc
y v hai bn b sung 227 A v 227B.
Tp tiu chun hon chnh so vi n phm IEC 227 trc y v cc bn b sung
ca n, c bit l trong cc phn 3 v 4 ln lt lin quan n cc dy cp khng
mn chn v c mn chn i dy c nh.
Mt bn d tho c a ra tho lun ti k hp Oslo vo nm 1976. Sau
cuc hp mt bn d tho gm 5 phn u ca tiu chun ny - ti liu 20 B
(Vn phng Trung ng) 70 c trnh cc y ban Quc gia ph chun theo quy tc 6
thng vo thng 7 nm 1977.
Cc y ban Quc gia cc nc sau y tuyn b hon ton tn thnh cc n phm
t phn 1 n phn 5.
Cng ha Nam Phi Ai cp Na uy
c Ty Ban Nha H Lan

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c Phn Lan B o Nha

o Php Anh
B Israen Tip Khc
Braxin Th Nh K
an mch Nht Lin x
Cc n phm khc ca IEC c cp ti trong tiu chun ny
n phm 173: Cc mu ca li dn in ca cp mm
332.1: Th nghim cc dy cp in theo iu kin chung
Phn 1: Th nghim trn mt dy cp thng ng
540: Cc phng php th nghim cho cc v cch in v ghen
ca cc cp in lc cng v mm (cc hn hp n
hi v cht do chu nhit).
______________________________
* Ti liu 20 B (Vn phng Trung ng) 79. Bn tho xem xt li ca n phm 227B ca IEC -
ang trong qu trnh ph chun theo quy tc 6 thng.
Dy cp cch in bng polyvinin chlorua
c in p nh mc nh hn v bng 450/750 V.

Phn 2. Cc phng php th nghim

1. Phn tng qut

1.1. Cc quy nh chung
Cc phng php th nghim c quy nh trong ton b cc phn
ca n phm IEC 227 u c nu ln trong phn ny cng nh trong
cc n phm sau y ca IEC
n phm 332-1: Th nghim cc dy cp in lc theo cc
iu kin chy. Phn 1 Th nghim tin hnh trn
mt dy cp thng ng.
n phm 540: Cc phng php th nghim cho cc v cch in
v ghen ca cc cp in lc cng v mm
(cc hn hp n hi v cht do chu nhit).
1.2. Cc th nghim cn p dng
Cc th nghim cn p dng cho cc loi dy cp c nu ln trong
cc bn quy nh ring (cc n phm IEC 227-3 v IEC 227-4)
1.3. Cch phn loi cc th nghim theo tn s.
Cc th nghim quy nh l cc th nghim mu (k hiu T)
v/hoc l th nghim xc sut (k hiu S) nh c nh ngha
mc 2.2 ca n phm IEC 227-1.
Cc k hiu T v S c s dng trong cc bng tng ng ca cc
bn quy nh ring (n phm IEC 227-3, IEC 227-4 v.v...)
1.4. Cch ly mu
Nu mt du c in ni trn v cch in v trn lp ghen, th cc
mu th c dng phi ly lm sao c c du .

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i vi cc dy cp nhiu li dn in, tr khi c quy nh khc,

cc th nghim phi c tin hnh t nht trn 3 li (c mu khc
nhau, khi c th) tr th nghim thuc mc 1.9.
1.5. Cch gia cng s b
Mi th nghim phi c tin hnh t nht 16 h sau khi c n p
t cc hn hp cch in hoc ghen.
1.6. Nhit th nghim
Tr khi c quy nh khc, cc th nghim phi c tin hnh
nhit mi trng.
1.7. in p th nghim
Tr khi c quy nh khc, in p th nghim phi l in p
xoay chiu, c tn s t 49 Hz n 61 Hz, c dng gn hnh sin, c
t s gia gi tr nh v gi tr hiu dng l 2 vi sai s bng 7
%.
Cc gi tr c nu ln l cc gi tr hiu dng.

1.8. Kim tra tnh bn vng (khng ty xa c) ca cc mu v cc

ch nh du.
Vic kim tra c tin hnh bng cch th xa ch nh du nh
ch to, hoc du hng ch to, mu ca cc li dn in hoc cc
du in bng s trn c kim tra bng cch c nh nh ln 10
ln bng mt ming vi bng hoc mt ni lau tm nc.
1.9. o b dy ca v cch in
1.9.1. Quy trnh thc hin
Vic o b dy ca v cch in c tin hnh theo mc 4.1
ca n phm IEC 540 Mu th cp c ly ti 3 v tr cch nhau
t nht 1 m trn dy cp.
S tng thch c kim tra trn mi li dn in trng hp cp
c ti a 5 li, v trn 5 li dn in, nu cp c trn 5 li.
Nu ko li dn in ra kh, th c th rt n ra bng mt
my ko, hoc nhng mu th vo mt bn thy ngn cho
n khi v cch in tch ra.
1.9.2. nh gi kt qu

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Gi tr trung bnh nhn c t 18 gi tr (tnh bng mm) trn 3

on v cch in ca mi li dn in c tnh n 2 s l
thp phn v c lm trn nh ch dn sau y, gi tr c
xem l gi tr trung bnh ca b dy v cch in.
Nu kt qu tnh ton cho s thp phn th hai l 5 hoc ln
hn, th s thp phn u phi c tng ln s trn n; v d
nh 1,74 th c lm trn l 1,7, cn 1,75 th c lm trn l
1,8.
Gi tr nh nht ca cc gi tr nhn c c coi l b dy ti
thiu ca v cch in ti mt im.
Th nghim ny c th c phi hp vi cc php o b dy
khc, v d cc php o thuc mc 5.2.4 ca n phm IEC 227-
1.
1.10. o b dy lp ghen
1.10.1. Quy trnh thc hin
Vic o b dy lp ghen c tin hnh theo mc 4.2 ca n
phm IEC 540.
Mu th c ly trn dy cp ti 3 v tr cch nhau t nht l 1
m.
1.10.2. nh gi kt qa
Gi tr trung bnh ca cc gi tr nhn c (tnh bng mm) trn
ba on ghen c tnh n hai s l thp phn nh nu ra
sau y; gi tr c coi l gi tr trung bnh ca b dy lp
ghen.
Nu php tnh cho s thp phn th hai l 5 hoc ln hn th
s thp phn th nht c tng thm 1, nh vy 1,74 c ly
trn l 1,7, cn 1,75 c ly trn l 1,8.
Gi tr nh nht trong cc gi tr nhn c s c xem l b dy
ti thiu ca lp ghen ti mt im.
Th nghim ny c th c kt hp vi cc php o b dy
khc, v d vi cc php o thuc mc 5.5.4 ca n phm IEC
227-1.

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1.11. o cc kch thc bn ngoi v bu dc ha

V cc php o ny phi dng 3 mu th c chn theo mc 1.9
hoc 1.10.
Vic o ng knh bn ngoi ca mt dy cp trn, v cc kch
thc bn ngoi ca cp dt c b rng khng qu 15 mm c tin
hnh theo mc 4.3 ca n phm IEC 540.
Vic o kch thc cc dy cp dt c b rng trn 15 mm c tin
hnh bng mt micrmt, mt my chiu trc din hoc mt dng
c o tng t.
Gi tr trung bnh ca cc gi tr nhn c xem l kch thc trung
bnh ngoi cng.
Vic kim tra bu dc ha ca mt dy cp trn c ghen c
tin hnh bng hai php o trn cng mt thit din ca dy cp.

2. Cc th nghim in
2.1. in tr ca li dn in
Vic kim tra in tr ca li dn in c thc hin bng vic
o in tr ca mi li ca cng mt mu th cp di t nht l 1m
v o b di ca mi mu th.
Nu cn, tin hnh hiu chnh nhit 20 oC v chiu di 1 km
theo cng thc sau:

254,5 1000
R20 Rt
234,5 t L
Trong :
t. l nhit ca mu th thi im o, bng Celsius
R20 l nhit 20oC , bng ohm/km
Rt l in tr ca L mt cp nhit toC, tnh bng m.
L l chiu di ca mu th cp bng m (b di ca mt mu th han
chnh ch khng phi ca cc li dn in ca dy cp hay ca cc
si ca mt li dn in sau khi ti ra).

2.2. Th nghim in p tin hnh trn cc dy cp hon chnh

Mt mu th dy cp trng thi giao hng c nhng vo mt
bn nc. Chiu di mu th, nhit nc v thi gian nhng vo nc
u quy nh trong bng III ca n phm IEC 227.1. Ln lt t
in p vo gia mi li dn in v tt c cc li khc c ni in
vi nhau v vi nc, sau vo gia tt c cc li ni chung vi nhau
v nc.

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Gi tr in p v thi gian t in p vo trong mi trng hp

c quy nh trong bng III ca n phm IEC 227-1.

2.3. Th nghim in p trn cc li dn in

Th nghim ny p dng cho cc dy cp c ghen bc v cc cp
mm dt khng c ghen, khc vi dy cp mm c cc si dy xp
theo hnh hoa th.
Th nghim c tin hnh trn mt mu th dy cp di 5 m.
Lp ghen v mi lp ph khc hoc lp nhi m c b ra m
khng lm h hng cc li dn in.
Trng hp l dy cp mm, dt khng c ghen bc, th ct mt
on cch in gia cc li v tch cc li y ra bng tay trn mt
khong di 2m.

Gi tr ca in p v thi gian t in p vo trong mi trng

hp c quy nh bng III ca n phm IEC 227-1.

Cc li dn in c nhng vo nc, nh quy nh bng III

ca n phm IEC 227-1, t in p vo gia cc li dn in v n-
c.

Gi tr ca in p v thi gian t in p vo trong mi trng

hp c quy nh bng III ca n phm IEC 227-1.

2.4. in tr cch in

Th nghim ny p dng cho tt c cc dy cp v c tin hnh

trn cc mu th li dn in di 5m chu th nghim s b theo
mc 2.3, hoc nu nh th nghim ny khng p dng c, th theo
th nghim mc 2.2.

Mu th c nhng vo nc c un nng ln n nhit quy

nh, cc u mt ca mu th phi ngoi nc mt on 0,25
m.

Chiu di mu th, nhit ca nc v thi gian nhng vo nc

u c quy nh bng III ca n phm IEC 227.1 sau t
mt in p c 80 V n 500 V vo gia li dn in v nc.

o in tr cch in sau khi t in p vo c 1 min. Gi

tr phi c quy v 1 km.

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Khng mt gi tr tng hp no c nh hn gi tr in tr cch

in ti thiu c quy nh trong cc bn quy nh ring (n phm
227-3, 227.4 v.v... ca IEC).

Cc gi tr ca in tr cch in quy nh trong cc bn quy

nh ring (IEC 227-1, IEC 227.4. v.v...) u da trn in tr sut
khi l 1 x 106 .m. Cc gi tr ny c tnh t cng thc.
D
R = 0,0367 log10
d
Trong : R l in tr cch in M km.
D l ng knh danh nh ngoi ca v cch in.
d l ng knh ca vng trn ngoi tip ca li dn in, hoc i
vi cc cp mm c cc si dy xp theo kiu hoa th, l ng
knh trong danh nh ca v cch in.

3. Th nghim bn c kh ca cc dy cp mm hon chnh.

3.1 Th mm do

Cc yu cu u c nu ln mc 5.6.3.1 ca n phm IEC 227-1.

Th nghim ny khng p dng cho cc dy cp mm c cc si

dy xp theo kiu hoa th, cng khng p dng cho cc dy cp mt
li dn in c li mm i dy c nh. Th nghim c tin
hnh bng dng c cho trn hnh 1. Dng c ny c mt xe C mang
hai puli A v B c b tr sao cho dy cp nm ngang gia cc puli.
Xe C chuyn ng i li trn mt khong cch 1 m vi tc gn nh
khng i l 0,33 m/s.

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Mt mu th dy cp mm di khong 5m c cng trn cc puli

nh cho hnh 1, hai u on cp mang hai qu t. Khi lng qu
t v ng knh ca cc puli A v B u c quy nh trong bng di
y:

Khi lng ng knh

ca puli
Loi dy cp mm (Kg)
(mm)

-Cp mm, dt khng c ghen bc v cp 1,0 60

mm dng cho cc dy trang tr.

- Cp mm c ghen bc bng polivinin 1,0 80

chlorua

- Cp mm c ghen bc bnh thng bng

polivinin chlorua:

- C tit din danh nh ln nht l 1 1,0 80

mm2
- C tit din danh nh bng 1,5 mm 2 1,5 120
v 2,5 mm2

Cc puli c mt rnh na trn dng cho dy cp trn, v mt rnh

dt dng cho cc cp dt. Cc vng chn D phi c c nh li sao
cho lun c mt lc ko ca qu t lm cho xe chy. Xe C chuyn
ng i ti i lui.
Mi li dn in ca mu th c mt dng in c 1 A/mm 2 i qua.
Vi cc dy cp c 2 li dn in v vi cc cp c 3 li dn in c
lp ghen mng, in p gia cc li dn in l vo khong 250 V
in xoay chiu.
Vi cc loi cp khc c ba li dn in v nhiu hn, t mt
in p xoay chiu 3 pha khong 380 V vo 3 li dn in, cc li
khc nu c c ni vi trung tnh.

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Hnh 1. Dng c th nghim un

3.2. Th nghim gp (xp li)

Cc yu cu u c nu ln mc 5.6.3.2 ca n phm IEC 227-1.
Mt mu th cp c chiu di thch hp c lp c nh trn dng
c th nghim nh hnh 2, mt qu t c khi lng 0,5 kg c treo
vo u mu th.Cho mt dng in vo khong 0,1 A vo cc li
ca mu th.

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Mu th nghing v pha ny ri li sang pha kia theo hng vung

gc vi trc ca cc li dn in, hai v tr bin to nn mt gc 90 o
hai bn ng thng ng.
Un l mt chuyn ng qua 180o, nhp un l 60/min.
Nu mu th khng p ng c th nghim, th phi tin hnh
th nghim li trn hai mu th b sung m c hai mu th nghim
u phi tha mn cc yu cu th nghim.

Phng tin c Trc dao ng

nh mu th

Mu th

Qu t

Kch thc tnh bng mm

Hnh 2. Dng c th nghim gp (xp li)

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3.3. Th nghim lc
Cc yu cu u c nu ln mc 5.6.3.3 ca IEC 227.1.
Mt mu th cp c b di thch hp, mt u c bt vo mt tr
cng, mt qu t c khi lng 0,5 kg c treo vo mu th cch di
im gi mu th.

Cho mt dng in khong 0,1 A vo cc li dn in, qa t c

nng ln tn im gi mu th ri li th xung, lm nh th 5 ln.

3.4. Th nghim tch ring cc li dn in ra.

Cc yu cu th nghim cho mc 5.6.3.4 ca IEC 227.1.

Th nghim ny p dng cho cc dy cp mm dt v khng c

ghen bc.

Trn mu th cp c b di khng ln, ct v cch in gia cc li

ra, dng mt my ko o lc cn thit dng tch cc li ra vi
tc l 0,05 m/s.

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