() 289

1
1.
1-1 3
A B
4 1

7
hc 2. (1) 7000 710 m(2) 4.281014 s 1
Eh (A) (B)
(3) 171 kJmol
(C) E
[]

(B) 1. (A)(B)(C)(D)
E (A)(C)(D)(B) 2. (A)
2
1 1
3. E12.17910 18 2 2

H 2 3
1 1
E22.17910 18 2 2

15.76.021023 2 4
3108 E1
34
1.5810 20
10
3

E2 27
65001010
4. ni nf2
690 kcal
1 1 1
1.09710 2 2 2

[] 2
2
1.09710
1

Cl2(g) 2 Cl(g) Hnh 364.6 nm
4
3108 5.
1 1
R 2 2
1
6.02102310
34 3
H6.6210 1
300109
1 1 1
400 kJmol R 2 2
1 2
6
3 1
1 3

5 1 1 3 1 3 4
(B) RR 2 2 (C) RR 2
36 2 3 4 1 4
1 1 1
2 (D) RR 2 2 3108
2 1 6. H6.6310
34

240109
[]
6.02102310 3

n2 n1 500 kJmol
n n2 hc 1 1 1
7. E EaEb
1 1 a b
1 2 2
121.5 1 2 1 hc
8. Eh
1 1 3
1 2 2
2
121.53364.5 nm 9. (C)(D)(E)

1-1 7

2. (1) 700 nm7000 710 7 m
c 3108
(2) 4.281014s 1
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 710 7

8 7. 8. 9. (3) Eh
260 ()

34
6.62610 Js( 4.28
1 3
10 s )6.021023 mol10
14
kJJ
171 kJmol

1-2 9
11 1
 () 261

(A)(B)(E)

1
[] 1. (A) En (B) E (D)
n2
2. (A) 10
v2 kee (C) 3
Fcm (A)
r r2 (D) 3
(C)(D) 1 1
3. Eh k 2 2
n1 n2
2
1 10
2 3
3 5
4 1
5 1260 k 1 1
2 2
h n1 n2

1 432110 1 1
R 2 2
n1 n2

2 ni nf 3
kRh k313.6 kcalmol

3 4 5 n5 n1
4. nH3 nL2
E51
nH nL1
1 1
1312 2 2 c 1 1
1 5 R 2 2
nL nH
1260 kJmol
1 1
[] 1 2 2
nL nH
1 1

6 2 22 32 5 5
a
(A)(B)(C)(D) a 1 1 9 9

12 3 22 2
5. (A)(B)
(A)nf2 (D)
1 1 6.
(B) EA313.6 2 2 c 1 1
2 3
R 2 2
5 2 n
313.6 kcalmol
36 1 R 1 1
2 2
1 1 c 2 n
(C) A B
1 1 1 1 R 1 R
2 2 2
3 22 2
4 2
c n 4c
36 16 1 1
2720 2
5 3 n
1 1 R
(E) E313.6 2 2 EYh 0(D)
2 c
1 313.6 1 7. n
R
4 h 4 n n
[]

(A) 8. (A) E2E1E3
(B) h 2h 1h 3
1-2 2 1 3
(C) 2 1 2 3 1 3
1 1 1
(D)(E)
1. 2. 13 3. 4. 5. 6. 2 1 3
7. 8. 14 9. 1 3 2 3 1 2
9. (A)



1. (1) II (2) 4.571014 s 1(3) 14 (B)
(4) n n1(5) 31 n3 n2
19
2. 3.0210
3. 5 2
262 ()

a (C) EaEb E32 E42

1 1 1 1 1 1 (1) n n E
K 2 2 K 2 2 2 2
2 3 2 4 1 2 n E
E21EdK (D) (2)nn
I c Enn E
(E) g
[]
n n1

n1 n
(A) H4s4 p O4s4p(B) H4s
3d(E) H3s3p
1. (1)
1-3

II

(2) a a3.2891015
1. 2. 3. 4. 20 5.
1 1
2 2 4.571014s 1(3) 6. 7. 8. 9.
2 3
1 1 10. 21 11.
Eb Ee E42 E21K 2 2
2 4
1 1 1.
K 2 2 14K
1 2
(4) h n
n1 (5)

1
1 2 1. 2n224232
nL
1
2. (A) 3s n30(B) 2p n21
nH2 (C) 3p n31(D) 3d n32

3.
1 1
21 31 4. (B) S 4f5p(C) S 3d4s(D) H 6s
1 1 1 1
2 2 2 2 5d
2 1 2
5. px X Y px
1 1
2. E321.31103 2 2 181.94
2 3
1
181.94103 6. (A) ms n4 03 3
kJmol 2
6.021023 3 m 3m3
19 1
3.0210 J (B) ms n3 023
2
1 1
3. 434.2 nm nf2 (C) ms n5 0 4 0
434.2 2
1 1
1.09710 2

2 n5 m 0m1
22 n
(D) ms0
7. 0.53
1-3 15
8. (E) s
17 1 9. s n1p n2d
n3f n4
(A) n3 3 3p 10. (A)(B) s
[]
18 2 11. (A) n4(B) 52

25 (C) g 9 29
(A) m (D) m 18 (D) M n3
[] 23218(E) s

m 212n112n1 4n 1312
2 4n2 1. 2 82 n4 0123
n
19 3 (1) 6s5d4f3p3d2p 4
(2) 5d4f6s3d3p2p 1-4 22
 () 263

24 1
(1)(2)(3)

(1)
(2) (E)(H) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
(3) (A) s 2 (B) p 6 28
7. 8. 9. 10.
(C) 2d (F)
11. 12. 13. (1)(2)
2
(3) 29 14. cab
[]

1. 2. 3. (1) Na[Ne] 3s1(2)

(D)
Cl[Ne] 3s2 3p5(3) Al[Ne] 3s2 3p1

N 3
1. (B) H 3s3p
(A) 1s2 2s2 2p11(B) 1s2 2s2 2p22(C) [Ar]
2. (B) 2p6(D)
3d3 4s23(D) [Ar] 3d2 4s22(E) [Ar] 3d8 4s2
3. [36 Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p3 36210351
2
4. X3 [Ar] 3d5 X[Ar] 3d6 4s21862

[] 26 Fe

5. Zn2 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3d10[Ar] 3d10
(A) 3s23p2 3 6. 40 Zr 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d10 4s2 4p6
(B) 3d14s2 1
4d2 5s2 s2510p63
(C) Cr[Ar] 3d5 4s1 6
(D) 2s22p5 1 18d10212f0
3 7.
25
8. (A)

(B)(C)(D)
(A) [Mg2 ][Ne][Ca2 ][Ar](B) [Mg2 ]
9. (A) ArSc3 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6
[Ne][Cl ][Ar](C) Fe[Ar] 3d6 4s2Ni2 [Ar]
8 3 2 2 (B) Ni[Ar] 3d8 4s2Zn2 [Ar] 3d10
3d (D) Sc [Ar](E) Ca [Ar]S [Ar ]
(C) Fe[Ar] 3d6 4s2Ni2 [Ar] 3d8
[] 2
(D) Cu Zn [Ar] 3d10

(E) Cr[Ar] 3d5 4s1Co3 [Ar] 3d6
3 3
2812224 10. (A) Cr [Ar] 3d 3 (B)(C)
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1 [Ar]3d10(D) Sc[Ar] 3d1 4s21
4 (E) [Ar]
11. A Zn
12. (B) Mn[Ar] 3d5 4s2(D) Cr[Ar] 3d5 4s1
(C) [Ar]3d54s1 (D) 1s22s22px12py12z1 13. (1) AD H
[] (2) BG
(3) C 2d E2s 2

F2p 6
(B) H E3dE4s(D) 2p33p3 (E)
14. (c)(a)(b)

26 5
11850
1. n41 4p m0 py
(1) z X[86 Rn] 7s2 5f 14 6d10 7p6 1
s py 2
2
Z86214106118

(2) 8s 5g 6f 7d 8p 4p5
px py pz
2181410650
[18 Ar]3d10 4s2 4p5
[] 18102535
2. H1s1He1s2Li1s2 2s1
1 5g1 Be1s2 2s2 2p
[X] 8s25g1 6f 7d 8pz11821121 2p 100496
1-4 27 3. (1) M n3 1

Na[Ne] 3s1(2) 1
264 ()

Ar 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6

Cl[Ne] 3s2 3p5(3) X

28313 Al[Ne] 3s2 (B) e
3p1 H0(C) IE1 X IE4 IE4
1-5 30 IE3
1 []

5p1 3A NaMgAl(A)
[Kr] 5s2 4d10 5p1Z36210149 X2X1(B) Y1Z1X1(E) Y3
A
[]

7
36
[Ar] 3d5

185326
(A)(C)A (D)
31
2
IE EA

[]
5s2 5p2 X 4A
Sn(D) SnCl4
AA
[] 8
37

X 18321 XSc(B) 3d14s2(D)
(C) F 4.0
Br (E) 3 3B
32 3 []

1-5

[]

1. 2. 3. 38 4. 5.
(C)
6. 7. 8. 9.
Cl ArK (D)

K Na Li 10. 11. 39 12.
4 13. 14. 15. 16.
34
17. (1)(2)(3)(4)
40 18. (1)(2)(3) Cr

(4) Ar(5) OF
IE4 >> IE3 3
(6) KCrFe(7) F
[] I

IE1 MgAlNa IE2 Na
1. 2. 3.
AlMg
5

IE
1. IE IE
IE (C) Li Na K
IIAIIIAVAVIA
[] 2.

H He 3. A IE4 IE3
LiBe A Al
HeHBeLi IE
4. X (g) X(g)e

35 6 H0 IIAVIIIA
 () 265

5.
6. IE1 Na Na
IE2 Na 1. 2. 3. 4. 42 5.
7. (A) 19 1A 43
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
191837 M
11. 12. 13. 44 14.
37138(B) 20
15. 16. 17. (1)()(2)
19 M 191837(C)
(3) IE
26 27 M
45
271845(D) 17
7A 1718 1. 2. 3.
35 M 35136

8. (A)(E) F
F
1 1
2.181018 2 2
9. (C)(D)(E) F a 1 4
1.
b 1 1 3
2.1810 2 2
18
10. (A) ClFBrI(D) Cl2Br2F2I2 1 2
11. M Na N Na 1.33
(A)(B) MN Na (C)(D) M N 2. (E)
Na 3s1 4s1

12. Be 3. (A) F(B) Ne(C) Ne (D) Mg(E) Na

13. (B) 7 (E) A 4. Cr[Ar] 3d5 4s1
14. (A) 3d(B) 3s2 3p6 8 5. (A) H 2s2p(B) O
15. (D) 2s2p(C) n1 n2 E1312

16. (A) Br Kr(B) 1 1
2 2 984 kJmoln2 n3 E
(C) 24 Cr[Ar] 3d5 4s142Mo 1 2
1 1
[Kr] 4d5 5s1 6B (D) 1312 2 2 182.2 kJmol
2 3
17. E1
6. (A) [Ar] 4s2 Ca (B) 24 Cr

[Ar] 3d5 4s1(D) [Ne] 3s2 3p1 Al

7.

Ca

E2

18. (2) KF(3) 6 (5) 8. (A) Z28 (B) X[Ar] 3d8 4s2 10
(7) (C)[Ar](D)(E) XZn

Zn2
9. 656.3 mm 400 nm700
nm n3
1. (1)(2) YX mn(4)
n2
ZY
2. 10. (A) As
1s (B)
NeFLiHe
2.28
3. P
2
2.28 (C) IE Ga
2.27 1.13
2
41
(D) P
(E)

11. (A) 18288(B) S

16286S2
 266 ()

18288(C) [Ar][Ne]3s23p6(D) ABCD SiClArK
Z KCl DB
r(E) Cl(g)
[]

1 2 H

12.
H 1s1 3d1 4s1 1s22s22p4 O (A) H (B) Be (C)
Cu [Ar] 3d104s1 [Ar]3d94s2 F (D) Ne O Be
V [Ar] 3d34s2 [Ar] 3d54s0 BeO
Si [Ne] 2s22p2 = [Ne] 2s2px1py1 = [Ne] 2s2px1pz1
49 3
C [He] 2s22p2 [He] 2s12p3

13. (1)FClBrI
(D) SnCl2SnCl4
(2) X Zn
(E) CuCl2
Zn[Ar]3d104s2 Zn2 [Ar]3d10
MgCl2
(3) Y SS[Ne] 3s23p4

S2 [Ne] 3s23p6Ar []
(4) Z Ba83
kQq
U MgO 22
(C) Zn2 [Ar]3d10 4s
(D)FClBrIAt
r n 50 4
14. (D)(E) LiNaKRbCsFr
(C)(E)
15. (A) 1s2 2s2 2p4 2

(D) FCl []
2
16. (A) H 3s3p(D) n4 24 32
(D)
17. (1) EN F4.0 ()(2) 5 (1) CaKRb(2) ScCaK
H (3)
IE1 (1) CaKRbCaK Ca K
Rb K

(2) ScCaK
1. 2812224
51 6
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d5 4s1

IE2
2. (A) Mg IE Al(B) 2(C) IE3 OO
IE1
IE2(E) []
3.A
[86 Rn] 5f 14 6d10 7s2 7p6 8632 (A)(B)N60 N2 (C)(D)
118(A)Rn(C)
(D) 118 2-1

2
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
2-1 46
52 7. 8. 9. 10.
1 11. 12.

1.
[]


(A)(C)(B)(E)(D) Cu2 SO42
2
SO4 S O 1.
48 2 2.
3. 4A
4. (B) NaCl
 () 267

5. A A B A []

A2 2 B1 AB2 5
6. (1) MgO (2)
LiFNaClRbI MgOLiF
NaClRbIMgOLiFNaClRbI (A) H3COH(B) CO(C) OCO
7.
8.
(D)

[]

9. X LiY O Li2O(X2Y)
N N (A)
(C)(B)(E)
(B) (C)


10. (C)(E) Na Cl 6 Na
12 (D)
11. (B)
(C)(D) 62 6

12. (C)
(A)
(E)

(D)
1. NaCl x107490121350
x492x860
[]
2-2 53

54 1 1 1 1 1 1
(A) 1 1 (B) 1 1 (C) 1
3 2 2 3 2
(C) 1 1
1 (D) 2 1
3 2
[]
65 7
(A) AX3 (B) AX2E2 (C) AX2E3
(B)(D)(C) (D) AX3E
57 2
[]

(A)(B)
105(E) H2O 10 4
(D)

[] 8

sp3p (C)(A) sp3s(B) sp3dp(D) BF3 mn303 sp2(A) C6H6sp2
sp3d2p (B) C2H2sp(C) BeCl2sp(D) C2H2Cl2sp2(E)
59 3 CCl4sp3

[]
(B) C2H4 (E)C sp2 s


(D) sp2
[] 8

(C) p (E)
(A) 109.5(B) BeF2180BF3120CF4

109.5(C) CH4109.5NH3107H2O104.5
60 4
(D)(E) H2O

sp2 10
268 ()

H2S
[] BeH2NH3H2O 13. (A)(B) C1

(C) (D)(E)
BeH2 180 NH3H2O sp3
14.

(A) HCC

H(B) 6 C
2-2 66
()(C) (D) O
NO ()(E) S
O ()
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 67
6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. () () ()
12. 68 13. 14.
15. 16. 17. 18. NO2 SO3
69 19. 20.
15. (A) (B)


1. 2. 3. 4. (C) [ ] (D)
5. (1) sp2(2) 52
(E)

16.

1. N2(A) FF
(B) ClCl(C) OO(D) NN 17. p
2. 18. (A) AC Cl2 (D)
H2Cl2Br2I2H2Cl2Br2 19. (C) sp3p(D) sp3s
I2 (E) 20. (A) AX3E (C) AX2E (E) AXE3

3. (A) (B) (C)

1. (B) XeF4 sp3d2 (C) SF4
(D) (E) sp3d (D) SO3 sp2

4. (A) sp2 120(B) sp3 p2109 2. (D) P460NH3107

(C) sp3109(D) sp3 p1107 3. (A) SO32 BF3 (B)
5. 3 NH3 P4 (C) HCC
sp2 HFBeF(D) CO2 H2O
6. (A) (E) C2H2 H2O2
1
7. () 1 () 1() 4.
2
2() 3
5.
8. (D) CH3 3 11
1
2-3 70
9. F O N C B
1
BF3
10. C
11. 60 sp2 3
p []
C60 60 p p HFHClHBrHI
60
30
2


12. (B) CO32 (D)(E) N 2d
sp3d NCl5
 () 269

HFHClHBrHI
72 2 (1)(2) 4. (A) PH3 sp3

(1) (A) CO2 0 C2H2 sp(B) PH3 C2H2

(B) 0 (D) PH
5.
6. (A) CO2
(C) 0
7. (A) (B)

(D) (E)
(C) (D)
(2) (A) CO2 (B)

N2O2(E) NO2
[] (E)

(A)(D)(E) 8. (A) BeF2 (B) BF3

3 NH3 (D)
IE 0
(A) COOCO(B) 2-4 74
(C)HFHCl(D) 76 1
(E)

OF
0 CHCl3 0
H

[]
[]

(C) 180 0 (A) SF4
60 (C) CHCl3 (D)(E)
2-3 73
78
2

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. H FON
7. 8.
[]

1. (A) sp2 AX2E (B)

(B) sp AX 79 3
(C) sp AX2
(D) (H)
[]

2. (A) 0(B) 0
(B)

(C) 0
4


(D) 0 (A)(D)(B) SiH4
CH4(C) 1,2-

3. SO2NH3COPCl3
270 ()

[] 3. NH3 PH3

(A)(B) NH3AsH3PH3 4. 0 0 V D
(C) CCl4Cl2(D) 0 0 V D 0
(E) 4 V D 4
V D
5 5.

6. (D) ICl Br2

Na Cl

[] 7. (C)
8.
(B)(D) 9. 40
(E)(F) 10. I2 CCl4

80 6 11. (A) HCl (C)
H2O(D) HCl

(1) KHF2(s)K HF2 12.

(2) HF2 [FHF]
[]
13. (A) NH3 (B)

(D)(E)

7
14. (A)
81 15. (D)

16. (A)
(A)(B)
(B)(E)
(C)(D)
(C)
(E)
(D)

[]
17. (A)
(A) (B)(C)(D)
(C)(D) bpmp
2-4 82
bpmp
18. (1)
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. (2)
83 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. b.p.
12. 13. 84 14. 15.
16. 17. 1.
18. (1) 2. 0
(2) H2OHFNH3CH4
(3) 85 86

19. A B C

1. 2. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
87 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.
12. 88 13. 14. 15. 16.

17. 18. 89 19. 20.

21. 22. 23. 24.

1. (A) CCl4(B) HCl 90 25. 26.
(C) SiO2(D) H2O

2. (A)(B)(C)(D) 1. 2.
 () 271

1. NON2ONO2 NO

2.
CNFH
17. (A) Zr(B) ZIE(C) Z
3. (A) BeB (B)(D) 7 (D) ClFBrI(E) Z
bp
4. (A)
(C) sp3 18. (A) B (B)
109.5(D)
sp2
(C) S (D)
5. (A) 3 (B) 2 (C)
(E)
2 (D) HCCH 0 (E)
4 19. sp2(A) NH3sp3
6.
(B) C2H4sp2 (D) H3COCH3sp3
(C) CO2sp
(E) H3CCOOHsp2
20. FON

(A)(B) H (D)

7. (C) HCl
8. (B) 21. (A) (B)
Br2CO(C) P
Cl (D) BF3

9. Cl Cl Cl
12 44412
(E)
10. () 3 C2H4BH3SO3
() 3 CO2C2H4SO3
() 3 CO2
SO3NH3 22. (B)
(C)(E)

11. 23. (B)

24. (D)(E)
12.

13. 25.

14.

15.
16.

272 ()

1. 2. 95 3. 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. (1)(2)
(3)(4)

1.
(A) 4 (B)
(C) H F
ON H 3 H (D)
5 p(E) 1. (A)(B)(C)(D)

2. PO43

26. (A)(C) C2H2 sp-sp 1 2

3 2 (A) 3.
(B)
4. (A)
(B)(C)
(D)
(D) sp3 2 p
5. (A)(B)
(D)
(E) BCl3 3 sp2
6. (A)(B)(C)

1. 7.
2. (B)HFHIHBrHCl 8. I2 KI(aq)

3 1.

3-1 91
(A) Na 1(B) Ca2 2(C) Al3 3

92 1 (D) K 1

(D) 3-2 96

[] 97 1
(1) 60 (2) 0.75 (3) 6.4
(A) N2
94 2 (1) 60 (2) Hms T 21

151000100s6020s0.75
(A)(C) 100
(3)29211000
80
[]
6400 6.4

(C) [] 33.8
3

180
40.6
18
Fe(OH)3 [Fe(CN)6]4 936
xx33.8
[] 78
99 2


()()() (B) Pbp(D) P21 atm t1 0
() []
3-1
(A)(E)
 () 273

(F)(G) 3


(D) 1 atm 1 atm

[]

3D 2D ()()(A)(B)
P V
(C) PV
()
(D)
()

() ()

3-2 100

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 101
6. 7. 8.
9. 10. 0.560200010

1.

1. P bp fp
2. AB
3.

4. t 200t40300100
t t76
5.
6. (B)(D)(E)

7. (A)(C) BC
(D) D E (E) DE
8. (D)(E)
9. (B)(D)
10. (1) Hms T 5002100s200
s0.5 calg
(2) Hht50042000 cal
5002
10 calg
100

274 ()

1. 1.4418110010 39.712.94
100 70 30
3-3 102 70
1 (1) 0.4(2) 37 m(3) 15.8 M 63
(1) X 0.4
70 30

63 18
70
63
(2) Cm 37 m
30
( kg )
1000
70
63
(3) CM 15.8 M
100
1.42
( L)
1000
[]

2 ppm 1 O32 mg
2
10 3
48 1
CM 210 5 M
1 2
103 2 3
(1) 10 (2) 2.510
M
4

1 kg Ca2 11010 6

10 5 kg

10 5
(1) W 100 10 3
1

10 5103
mol
40
(2) CM 2.510 4 M
1L
[] 18 M

d
W CM 100 98
98
98
CM 18 M
100
10 3
1.8
104 3

(A)(B)
(C)
[]


105 4

PPO2PH2OPVnRT
3.2 373
P O 2 0.082 3.06 atm
32 1
1.8 373
PH2O 0.082 3.061 1
18 1
atm
P3.0614.06 5
 () 275

0.1
3.06 Cm 200 0.5 m
0.612O2H2O H2O 0.612 atm 1000
5
1 atm (B) 200 (C) 300
1.22 []
Pt0.61221.224 atm P0.30 P
4.06

[] Cm

PV 110 9
760P2P1500P
20 mmHg 4.0
(A) XA 0.8
5 4.01.0
(B)(C) PAPB7000.5350 mmHg
OA a 4 1
(D)(E) (1) P PA PB700
5 5
PV

OA OA
4 1
b PA PB
5 5
106[] 4 1
(2) 350 PA350 PB
5 5
PA438 mmHg
PB1750 mmHg
[]

(A) P P 250X 150X
6
X X 35n n n 0.5 mol
10
150 mmHg Pt
7601506021501490mmHg 1 1
P 100 200 150P 160
2 2
[]
(A) V0(C)

H0
40 50 gm3
10 gm3 105020 []
108 7
0.44 mm Hg
XB0.6
1 m1 mol 1 kg A
B
PPAXB
1 3-3 111
P25 0.44 mmHg
1000
1
18
[] 60 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6. 112 7. 8.
9. 10.
PPAXA21.624XA XA0.9
8118 113
0.9 M60 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 60
811830M
8

Cm
1. PX1P1
0.10.1523 X2P2
2350300150500 0 a
50025200g 1a1ap
500200300g
276 ()

54 P11180.082373 P1.7
18
2. PXAPA 760 atm 100 1 atm
60 54
1 (D)
180 18
5. 90 1 atm760 mmHgPH2OPHeHe
684 mmHg
1
3. a 4 mol1 molPH2O760 152 mmHg
5
1.0
500 mmHg90 152
m 2.0 m
mmHg
2.0 m 1.0 m
60

4. 3-4 115

116 1

0.11020.21020.1202
m
101020
PV
0.2102 P

V
[]
V 16 mL

5. (A)(B)
(A)(B)
(C)
(D)


6. (A)(D)
2 0.032


7. (A)(B)

8. (A) PA150 mmHg(B) PAPB A
0.2 200
B (C) 0.08 0.032
1 100
9. (A)ABC(C) A B
(D)ABC []
10. (B)(D)
(E) m1 P1
mkP
m2 P2

1.410 30.22.810
4
molL
1
1. P P 400 mmHgP X P 118 3 100.26
2
2000.4P P500
3.42 1.2 361800.2
342 M mol 0.20.40.5 m
2. Cm M60 Tf0.520.50.261000.26100.26
20 364
(B) []
3. TbKbCm
0.2 TbKbCm
(A) 6Kb Kb1.2m
0.04 4.5
0.2 M
(B) Cm 5 m 100.781000.52 M24
0.04 0.125
3 119 4 (1)(2)(3)
M
(C)(D) 31.2 M120
0.01
10 (1)Kf
100 (2) Tf8Kf0.4 Kf20
(E) Pa 7600.8760
3 10 (3)84201.2M0.05M120

120 100
608 mmHg [] (1)0.93(2) 45 g(3) 333 g
W
4. PV RTV1 LM18R0.082 (1) Tf0.93
M
T273100373 PW
1
 () 277

x x45 g
180 (3) TfKfCmi W kg
(2) TfkfCmi0.931.86 1
0.5 45
180 1
2.791.86 W kg333 g
0.5W 3
121 5 4.5105

1
0.261 x
CMRT 0.0824273
1033.6 0.2
x4.5105
[] 44000

CMRT
2.2
M
0.08227327
2
1.2310
0.1
M44000
123 6

(A) bpEDACB

Cmi
bp bp
(B) BCADE bp
(C) fpADCE Cmi fp
w
M 1
(D) Cm w kg
kg M
CED
1
M
(E) X
1 99

M 18
1
X CED
M
[]

()()

124 7

Cmi
10 10
(A) 0.530.51(B)
342 180
10 10
(C) 1213(D)
58.5 150
(E) 120.53
[]

P PCmiCmi
moli CmVi
278 ()

(A) 10.042(B)(C) 10.081(D) 10.033(D)

8 i1.9 0.9

(1) CMRTi
0.4650.010.08227325ii1.9

(2) KI K I
1
i1 0.9
[]

1.861.86131131
0.67
125 9

(A) 7.7CM0.08237273 CM0.3 M(B)
7.7CMCM20.08237273 CM0.1
M(C) 0.220.3 M(D)

[]

n
i
V
2.050 mL 1.0V
3 2V150
V' V'
3-4

1. 2. 3. 126 4. 5.
6. 7. 8. 127 9. 10.
11. 12. 13. 128 14.
15. (1) AEDBC(2) CBDEA
(3) EDBAC 16. (1) H(2) B(3) J
4
(4) E 17. 2.9010
129
1.
2. (1) 1.6 m(2) 60 (3) 4 m(4) 103.328

1. Kf
2.

3. Cmi acbd
acbd
4.
W
PV RT
M
0.4M
5. CMRT0.3 0.082300M328
0.1
 () 279

W 1000 i 1 1 2
6. TfKf i Tf NaCl X
M g M 180 60 58.5
TfZYX TfC6H12O6 YZNaCl(aq)
7. abc2.0 0.10
M21.0 0.20 M31.1 0.30 M14
63.3
(A) bac
14.5 2x 0.082
8. iCMRT7.7
180 58.5 0.1 L
27337x0.155 g
9. Cmmolkg
(B)(A)(D) gkg T
CmwM w
T1M T

10. (1) akP naknP(2)

11.
Tf 80
12. (A) Kf 20 m
Cm 0.4
6
M
(B)8420 M100
0.3
13. (B)(C)
(D)

14. CmRTi Cmi RT
(A)1 m1 M
2 2
180 342
(B) 3
1
1
9810 9810 3
(C) 0.110.12
10 1
180 180
(D)
1
1
9010 3 9910 3
(E) 0.130.12
15. 1 1 g 99 g
1 1 1
(A) (B) 3
46 142 47.3
1 1
(C) 3
58.5 29.25
1 1 1
(D) 1.05 (E)
60 57 180
17. 1.3610 31212.9010
4


1.


P h h1210 40.082

3001000 h4.9
1 cm2 4.911014.9
280 ()

mL 2. (1) TbKbCmi
100.8321000.52Cmi
Cmi1.6 m

(2) AB A B
1 1
Cm1 Cmi
Cm1 1 1.6
0.660
W
60
(3) 1 m
106W10 3
W6 g A 6 g100 g
B
100 g x
x75 g
20 min 3015
6
60
C Cm
4 m
1007510 3
(4) Tb0.5241603.328
X1003.328103.328
1 130

1 131

1.
2. (1) 0.15 m
(2)

(3) 6.4 (4) 20

132 3. (1) 2 (2) 80(3) 81.62 4. 74.5

1. a
ab
b
2
1.92
2. (1) 1.92 mol
128
100
100 kg
1000
1.92
mol
128
Cm 0.15 m
100
kg
1000
(2) C t
m
0.15 m 3.4
0.1 m 4.4
0.075 m 4.9
 () 281

(3) 1 6.4

0.150.1 4.43.4
2
0.150 t3.4
t6.4
(4)
3.44.4
20 m
0.150.10
2.021.98
3. (1) 2
2
0.45
M
(2) 206.52 M80
25
1000
0.45
80
(3) Tb81 2.7581.62
25
1000
4. 3.0
W 1000
TfKf
M W
3.65 1000
5.53.05.1
M 100
M74.5
133

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 134
6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.
12. 135 13. 14. 15.
136
1. 2. 3.

1. TbiKbCm
i1Kb 0.52 m Cm


2.
M
100010.1
7.6 M

760 1
0.08225273 M2444
(B)
3. (A)(B) C3H8O
(C)(D)(E)

4. (1)

(2) Ba(OH)2(aq)Na2SO4(aq)i3
NaOH(aq)i2BaSO4

282 ()

5.

6. Y X Y

7. iCMRT iCM
3
(A) 23.010 3(B) 24.010 3(C) 35.010

(D)1 6.010 3 100

(E) 7.010 3

8. Na3PO4 3 Na PO43

9. (1)25 1 atm1013 101.3
(2) 101.3 25
X Y

10.
101.3 X
X
80
25
11. C8H18 O 8 CO29 H2O
2 2
H5430 kJmol
4481030.7 x103
5430 6 x
114 18
44811 44.8
12. (A) T(B) P(C)

13. (A)(C)(D)

W
M0
14. MRTi RTi
V
M0 V
W
i RT
V R T
M0
W
i
M0
() C6H12O6(s) C6H12O6 (aq)i1
i
180
180
1
M0
() MgBr2(s) Mg2+(aq)2Br (aq)i3
i
184.1
61.37
3
M0
() NaCl(s) Na+(aq)Cl (aq)i2
i
58.5
29.25
2

() CH3COOH(s) H+(aq)CH3COOH (aq)
M0 60 60
i12 3060
i 2 1
()()()()
15. (B) 55 K(C)
74 K 200 mmHg(E)
400 mmHg 95 K
 () 283

1. x TfKfCmi (A) H2SH2O(B) H3PO4CH3COOH(C) H2S

1.17 H3O (D) H3PO4H3O (E) CH3COOHH2S
2
58.5 [ 1]
0.461.86 x240
( 400x )10 3
2. (1) HX 1.0 M 0.1
(A) CaSO4 i0(B) (2) 1.0 M HXHY HZ HZHY
(NH4)2SO4i3(C) Na2SO4i3(D) HX HZHYHX
Ca (NO3)2i3(E) CaCl2i3 [ 2]
3. iCMRT

20.10.082300
(1) HSO4 CH3COO

SO42 CH3COOH
4.92 atm50 mH2O
HSO4 CH3COOH

CH3COOHHS CH3COO H2S
4
CH3COOHH2S

4-1 137 HSO4 CH3COOHH2S
138 1 () () ()

(2) [H ]

[H ]
(A) H (C) H
5

[]

HClO4HClHNO3HCN

(B) H
CN NO3 Cl ClO4

(C)
[]
(D)
2

HClCH3CO2HH2ONH3
HCO3 CO32
Cl CH3CO2 OH NH2
[]
4-1 142

(A) H NH4 NH3H

(B) CH3COO H CH3COOH

(D) H3PO3 HPO32 H 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
143 6. 7. 8.
HPO32 H H2PO3
139 3 9. (1) Na2HPO4(2) NaH2PO4(3) KF(4) HF

(A) HSO4 CN

HCNSO42


1. (D) H3O

(B) HCO3 H2O CO32 H3O 2. (D)

(C) NH3H2O

NH4 OH





(D) NH2 H2O NH3OH

3. HSO4
NH3

(E) H2SO3SO32

2 HSO3

4. NH2 OH OH

CN NH2
5.
[]
() H2OH H3O H2O H OH
2 2
() CO3 H CO3 H HCO3
H
() HPO42 PO43 H HPO42 H
141 4
H2PO4

284 ()

() HPO32 H HPO32 H KWKW' [OH ]

H2PO3 3

() H2PO2 H H2PO2 H
H3PO2 NH3H2O

NH4 OH


6. (A) HS CH3COOH (E) H2S 0.5
CH3COOH 0.5x x x
7. (A) x2

(B) NH4 NH3NH2
1.810 5
0.5
(E)
(B) x[NH4 ][OH ]310 3

(E) [NH3][OH ][NH4 ][H ]
8.
[OH ][NH4 ]

(C) N2O5H2O 2 HNO3

(D) P4O106 H2O 4 H3PO4 []


pH11[OH ]10 3 M
4-2 144 3
10
1 8
(1) 10 (2) 0.01 100 1
0.1
147 4

(1) HA H A

1
4 (A)(D) KWK1K2
110 4 10 4 10
KW 10 14
10 410 4

K2 5.610 10
K1 1.810 10
Ka 10 8
110 4 K25.610 10 K1K2


10 4 (B) K1 (C) KWK1K2
(2) 100 0.01
1 148 []
145 [ 1]


(A) Ka[H ][H ] a
Ka H2PO4 NH4

Ka NH3HPO42
(C) a
C0 149 5
(D)

[ 2] H2C2O4

HC2O4 H

HF H F 0.1x xy xy

0.1 0 0 [HC2O4 ][H ]
0.008 0.008 0.008 Ka1 6.410 2
[H2C2O4]
0.092 0.008 0.008 HC2O4

C2O42 H

0.0082 xy y xy
Ka 6.9610 4
0.092 [C2O42 ][H ]
2 Ka2 6.010 5
[HC2O4 ]
x2
Ka1 6.410 2

25 Kw[H ][OH ]1.010 14
0.1x
Kw pHpOH Ka1 0.1x x

(A) 80 pKw14(B) 65pH x[HC2O4 ][H ]0.0485 M
pOH14 pOH7 pH7(C) 4 yx
Ka2 6.010 5
pHpOH14 pHpOH7(D) 80 x
5
pOHpH14 y[C2O42 ]6.010 M
146 [] []


[H ][OH ] KW H2S x y
(B) K K
[H2O ] [H2O ] H2S H HS
KWK[H2O] 0.01
KW KW' 0.01x xy xy
(D) 25 [OH ] 10 [OH ]
0.1 0.1
 () 285

HS H S2
CoKa 0.254106 110
3
[H ]
x x
xy xy y pHlog [H ]log 110 33
CKa

xyxy
3. [H ]
1.610 7
0.01x
xyy
4.010 12
xy
12
x4.010 5My4.010 M
5
(A) [H ]xy4.010 M

(B) [HS ]xy4.010 5M
12
(C) [S2 ]y4.010 M
(D)

[H ][HS ]2[S2 ][OH ]
6

(A)(B)
x2
(C) 7.110 3
0.1x

x0.0229 M[H ][H2PO4 ]

[H ][HPO42 ]
(D) Ka26.210 8
[H2PO4 ]

[H ][PO43 ]
(E) 2 4.410 13
[HPO4 ]
18
[PO43 ]1.210
[]

Ka1Ka2
4-2 150

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
151 7. 8. 9. 10. 11.
152 12. 13. 14.
15. 16.
153
1. 2.

1. CH3COOH CH3COO H


(A) [H ]
(B) Ka
(C)

(D) H
2.2
88
2. [C4H8O2] 0.25M
100
1000
286 ()

Ka (B) [HCl]0[H ] 10 3
C[H ]
[CH3COOH]0[H ]10 3
C
C (B) [CH3COOH ][HCl]

4. KWKaKb (C) H mol mol

Ka H
[]Vn[]0.11
5. C5H5NH2O

C5H5NH OH
[CH3COOH ][HCl]

H2 (E) [H ]
C0Kb

Kb1.510 9[OH ] 13. (A)
0.21.510 3 10 M
9 5
(B) HCN H CN

pOHlog [OH ]log 0.1x x x
( 3 10 5 )4.76
x2
410 9 x210 5
0.1x
pH14pOH144.769.24
[H ][CN ][OH ]
1 C2 1.34 0.02
6. [H ]
2 C1 2 0.10
14. (A)(B) pHpOH6.5
21.34 5 3.0 (D) TKW(E) T

7. HA(aq) H (aq)A (aq)
15. (A)(B) C0[H ]pH(C) Ka

[H ][A ] (D) [H ]
Ka
[HA] 16. (B) [H][H]HCl[H]CH3COOH[H]HCl

[A ] 100
2 pH5 0.02 0.01 M
[HA]
100100

[H ]10 5 Ka Ka210 5 [CH3COOH]
(C) [CH3COO ]Ka


Kw 10 14

[H ]
8. Kb 6 10 8
Ka 10 1
0.2
9. CH3COOH CH3COO H 2
1.810
5
1.810 4 M
C 0.01
x x x (D) CH3COOH
Cx x x [CH3COOH][CH3COOH]00.1 M
x2
0.02100
Ka Cxx (E) [Cl ] 0.01 M
Cx 200


x[H ] KaC [H ] C

1 1. HCl H Cl
100
100 0.1
1 0 0.1

0.1 [H ]0.1 M
[H ] pH4
10 H2SO4

H HSO4 HSO4 H SO42


10. H2SO4 H HSO4 0.05 0.05 0.05
0.09 0 0.05 0.05 0.05x 0.05x x
0 0.09 0.09 x0.05x

HSO4 H SO42 1.310 2

0.05x
0.09 0.09
0.09x 0.09x x [H ]0.050.1

0.09x0.1 x0.01 M H3PO4 H H2PO4
0.1
0.10.01 x2
Ka 1.2510 2 0.1x x x 7.510 3

0.08 0.1x
11. 11 x0.024 M [H ]

(1) Mn(OH)2
2. [H ]10 4 M [S2 ]10 14 M

Cd(OH)2(2) Ni(OH)2 H2S

H HS

Ka1 1
Cu(OH)2(3) Mg(OH)2 0.1x xy xy
Mn(OH)2(4) Cd(OH)2 HS

H S2

Ka2 2
Ni(OH)2Mg(OH)2Mn(OH)2 xy xy y
Cd(OH)2Ni(OH)2Cu(OH)2
KaKa1Ka2


1
2 H2S 2H S2

0.1x xy y
12. (A) [H ] 10 3
 () 287

H2S Ka1 Ka2 0.1

x
y HCl
4
[H ]10 Mxy x10 4

[S2 ]10 14y y10 14
xyxy
Ka1
0.1x
10 410 4


10 7
0.1
xyy
Ka2
xy
10 410
14
14
10
10 4
KaKa1Ka210 710
14 21
10
4-3 154
155
1

(D)NaOH CO2

[]

(A)
(B) NaOH
CH3COOH
(C)
(D)
(E)
156 2

1.50 30 40
2 0.5
M 50 1000
M90
[ 1]

0.512 40.0
m0.1001 0.004 mol
M 1000
M
128m1
m
[ 2]

NaOH H2SO4
10.1202CM10
CM0.1MH2SO4
3

C H molHCl

H molNaOH OH mol
0.5x
0.11510 30.14010 3
174
x 88
[]

K2CO3 x K2CO3 NaOH

288 ()

0.690x 2.0 50.0 x M

0.150 10.100
138 1000 1000

2
x47 47
158 4

[]

(B)
159 5
(1) C0.05 M(2) X1Y4Z10(3)

(1)C
NaOH(aq) 50 mL nNaClnNaOH
0.150
[NaCl] 0.05M
5050
(2)nHnOH
[HCl]5010.1501 [HCl]0.1M
[H ]0.1 MpH1 X1

B 49.9 mL NaOH(aq)
HCl(aq)
0.1500.149.9
[HCl]' 10 4M
5049.9
[H ]10 4 M pH4 Y4

D 50.1 mL NaOH(aq)
NaOH(aq) NaOH(aq)
0.150.10.150
[NaOH]' 10 4M
50.150
[OH ]10 4 MpOH4

pH14410 Z10
(3)
pH 410

160 []

[NaOH]X M[H2SO4]Y M
50 mL
nHnOH Y252X501 XY

70 mL 1 M 3.0 mL 7050
20mLY201131 Y
0.15M XY0.15M [H2SO4]
[NaOH]0.15M

6(1) 0.1 M (2) 4.7

(1) NaOH(aq)
20
 () 289

nHnOH (D)
x10010.5201 x0.1M
(2)pHpKa51og 24.7
[]

(B) pH 3 [H ]10 3 M
(C) HCl 5.010
4
CH3COOH(aq)

[H ] 5.010 4
(D)
pH7
pH9
(E) NaOH

4-3 161

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 162
6. 7. 8. 9. 163
12
10. (1) 0.7(2) 8.7510 2(3) 7(4) 1.610

1.

1.
2. 0.1200.1 VV20mL

3. (A)(C)(D) H OH
(E)
4.
CaCO3 Ca(OH)2 NH3
NaOH

NH3H2O NH4 OH

NaOH(aq) Na OH
100
CaCO3 1.80.18
1000
74
Ca(OH)2 2.00.148
1000
217
NH3 6.50.221
1000
240
NaOH 11.50.92
1000
5. pH4.4
pH5.0 (B)
6. NaOH
1.5 20
11.0
150 1000
( )
n
n2
7. HCl NaHCO3 pH (A)(B)
(C) pH7 pH7
290 ()

8. (A) (B) Al3

(B) HCl(aq) (D) Ba2
CH3COOH(aq) HCl(aq)

[H ] pH (C)
NaOH(aq) ()()(D)()

()

()()(E)

9. (B) Y
(D)(E)
21.800.01 mL
10. NaOH(aq)
50 mL
(1) nHnOH
[HCl]2510.1501
[HCl]0.2M

[H ]0.2 MpH0.7
0.2250.115
(2) [HCl]'
2515

8.7510 2M
(3)
pH7
0.1550.225
(4) [NaOH]'
5525

6.2510 3M

[OH ]6.2510 3

11014 12
[H ] 3
1.610 M
6.2510

1. 0.5440.22520 mmol
20 1.2
601.2g 100 60
1000 2
4-4 164

165 1
BCFHADE
GI
[]

(B)(C)(D)
168 2

(C)HSO3 H

H Al3 Na
(E)
[]

(A) HS
 () 291

3 1014 1014 1014 1014

Kb
4.7107 1.7102 6.2108 107
() NH3(aq) KaKb(B)(E)
NH4 OH Kb1.810 5

NH3H2O
[]
() NH4Cl(aq)
Ka

NH4 H2O NH3H3O
Kw 1.010
14

Ka 5.610 10
Kb 1.8105
() CH3COOH(aq)

CH3COOH CH3COO H

Ka1.810 5
() CH3COONa(aq)
Kb

CH3COO H2O CH3COOHOH
Kw 1.010
14

Kb 5.610 10
Ka 1.8105
() CH3COONH4(aq) KaKb
Ka pH
Kb pH
pH
[]

169 4

C6H5COO (aq)H2O C6H5COOH(aq)OH
0.1 0 0
5
0.110 5 10 10 5

10 5
10010 2


0.1
[]

pH9[H ]1.010 9

[OH ]1.010 5

X H2O HXOH
5 5 5
0.110 10 10
10 510 5

9
Kb 1.010
0.110 5
Kw 1.010
14

Ka 1.010 5
Kb 1.010 9

[H ] KaC 1.010 50.1 1.010

3

pH3
5

(A) HA (B) HX (C) X2 (D) HY (E) H2Y
13 7
Ka 4.710 11 6.210 8 1.310 10
292 ()

Kw
Ka2
Ka1 (A) S2 2 H H2S

4-4 170 (B) 2CrO42 2 H Cr2O72 H2O
2
(E) CO3 2 H CO2H2O
3
12. (A) Al Al3 (aq)3 H2O(l)

Al(OH)3(s)3H (aq)(B)(C)(E) ClO4 Ba2
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.
K (D) F

7. 171 8. 9. 10.
F (aq)H2O(l) HF(aq)OH (aq)
11. 12.


1.

1. (1) HPO42 H PO43 Ka34.4
13
10 (2) HPO42 H2O H2PO4

11014
4-5 172
OH Kb 1.610 7
6.3108
173 1
(3) KbKa3 (1) 1.810
5
M(2) 1.8410
5
M
5 5
(3) 1.7610 M(4) [H ] 1.7610 M

[HA] 1.0
(1) [H ]Ka 1.810 5

1. SO2H2O H2SO3 H2SO3NaOH
[A] 1.0
Na2SO3 NaHSO3
M(2) [H ]1.810 5
5
2. Na2SO3Na SO32 1.810
3. (A) KNO3 (B) NaHCO3 1.00.01 5 5
(C) NaH2PO4 (D) NaClO4 1.8410 M(3) [H ]1.810
4. (A) Na2SO4(B) Na2SO3(C) NaHSO3(D) 1.00.01
Na2C2O4 1.00.01

5
5.

A (aq)H2O(l)

HA(aq)OH (aq) 1.7610 M(4) [H ]
1.00.01
0.1
pH
x x x
0.1x x x []
14
10
Kb 7
10 0.050.001
[H ]1.810 5
5
x2

10 14 1.710 M
7 0.050.001
0.1x 10
2
x[OH ]10 4M
pOH4pH10

6. NH4NO3(aq) NH4 (aq)NO3 (aq) 0.10.010.001 mol

[NO3 ] 0.10.010.001 mol

NH4 (aq)H2O NH3(aq)H3O (aq)
7. (a) CH3COONa pH 9(b) NH4Cl pH (A)0.010.0320.0006 mol0.001 mol

5(c) NH4(CH3COO) pH 7(d) (NH4)HSO4 (B)0.052510 30.0005 mol0.001 mol
pH 2 0.05
(C) 0.00125 mol0.001 mol
8. (A) NaH2PO4Na2HPO4Na3PO4 40
NaH2PO3Na2HPO3NaH2PO2 (B) 11.2103
NaH2PO4Na2HPO4NaH2PO3 (D) 0.0005 mol0.001 mol
22.4
(C)NaH2PO4NaH2PO3
[]
(D)NaH2PO4NaH2PO3

(E)Na3PO4Na2HPO3
HCl molCH3COONa mol
NaH2PO2

9. (A) Ni2 2 H2O Ni(OH)22 H HCl mol0.20.50.1 mol
(D) 5 NaH2PO4 174 3
NaH2PO3NaHSO4NaHSO3NaHC2O4
10. (A)(B)(D)

11. [H ] (A)(B) CH3COONa
 () 293

CH3COOH(C) CH3COOH (D) NH3 NH4
CH3COONa [ 2]
[ 1]
NH4Cl NaOH
NH4ClNaOH NH3H2ONaCl
(C)
4

[H ] 10 10 53.1610
5
pH4.5 M
5

3.1610 [HCOO ]
Ka810 4
[HCOOH]
5
[HCOOH] 3.1610
0.040
[HCOO ]
810 4
[]

[H ] 10 10
11
pH10.5 M
Ka 10 10
11

175 5


CH3COONaHCl CH3COOHNaCl
0.5 0.01 0.5
0.49 0 0.51
[] 0.49
pHpKalog pKalog pKa
[] 0.51
[]


[CH3COOH][CH3COO ]1 1

0.110.1V2V0.5 L
6


[H ][H2PO4 ]
K1
[H3PO4]
[H3PO4]
[H ]K1

(1)
[H2PO4 ]

[H ][HPO42 ]
K2
[H2PO4 ]

[H2PO4 ]
[H ]K2

(2)
[HPO42 ]
3
[H ][PO4 ]
K3
[HPO42 ]

[HPO42 ]
[H ]K3

(3)
[PO43 ]

pH7.4 [H ]4.010 8log 20.3
(2)

[H2PO4 ]
4.010 6.310
8 8

[HPO42 ]
2
[H2PO4 ] [HPO4 ]
8
[H ]4.010
294 ()

[H3PO4]
4.010 87.110 3

(1)
[H2PO4 ] 181

2. (1) 1(2) 1.310 3 M(3) HPO42

[H2PO4 ] 1.
4.010 6.310
8 8
(2)
[HPO42 ] HSO4

H2PO4 SO42 (4) (C) 0.1 M

[HPO42 ] CH3COOH 609 mL (B) 0.1 M NaOH
4.010 4.410
8 13
(3)
[PO43 ]

391 mL 3. (1) 2.510 6(2) 5.6
[HPO42 ]k

[H3PO4][H2PO4 ][HPO42 ][PO43 ]


3.5810 60.63511.110 5 [H2PO4

] [HPO42 ] [H ] Ka

[]

(B)
177 7
(1) 0.1 M(2) 10 5(3) 9(4) A

(1)

10.5201CM100
CM0.1 M

(2)pH3[H ]110 3 M

HA H A

0.110 3 10 3 10 3
10 310 3

5
Ka 10
0.110 3
(3) pH 9


HA OH A H2O
3
0.1010010 3 0.502010
0 0 0.01 mol

A H 2O HAOH
0.01
s s s
0.12

ss Kw 10 14
Kb 5 10 9
0.083s Ka 10
0.083109 9.110
6
s M[OH ]

[H ]1.1010 9 pH9log1.19
(4)
[]

(C) A
1
HA(D)
2

4-5 178

1. 2. 3. 4. 179 5.
6. 7. 8. 180 9.
10. 11.
 () 295

(E)

10. (A) [OH ] Kb0.1 1.310 3

[HA] nHA
1. [H ]Ka Ka

(B) NH3 NH4 32
[A] nA

nHAnA Ka pH
0.1600.150
2. CH3COOH0.10.10.01 (C) [H ]


110
OH 0.01
9.110 3
CH3COONa0.20.10.02
(D) pH
H 0.02
(E)

11. (A) HANaOH NaAH2O

(A) 0.120.030.006 OH

[HA]0.020.20.05
(B) 0.01 H
[HA]0.5M
0.16
(C) 0.004 OH (B) HA H A
40

0.5
(D) 0.10.30.03 H (D) x x x
3. H2CO3 Ka1 0.5x x x
4108[HCO3]
2
x


4.310 7 210 6
[H2CO3] 0.5x

[H2CO3] x[H ]110 3M
0.093
[HCO3 ]
(C)[H ]Ka210 6M
4. pH9 pOH5 (D) HA NaOH NaAH2O
Kb1105 0.520 0.250

[B ][OH ]
70 70
10 5 1 1 1
[BOH ]
5. (B) pH 7 7 7
(D) CH3COOH CH3COONa 1
0 0
7

A (aq) H2O(l) HA(aq) OH (aq)
6. pH7 Ka2

1
H2PO4 H HPO42
7

10 7 x x x
10 7[HPO42 ]

1
8
6.310 x x x

[H2PO4 ] 7


[HPO42 ] x2 10 14
1

[H2PO4 ][HPO42 ]
1 6
[H2PO4 ] x 210
7
7. mol2NaOH mol
x[OH ]2.710 5M
[HA][A ]11
(E) HANaOH NaA H2O
pHpKa
pH3pH4pH5 0.520 0.260

8. (C) NH4 80 80
NH3(E) 1 1 1

9. C B 8 8 8
0 0.025 0.125
pHpKa5Ka110 5
[OH ]0.025M
HXNaOH NaXH2O

[HX]0.0250.010.025
1. x NaOH
[HX]0.01 M CH3COOH

CH3COO H

(A) 0.3
x x
(B) [HX]0.01 M 0.3x x
(D) B
[CH3COO ]
pHpKalog
[CH3COOH]
296 ()

x
55log 2log
0.3x
x
2x0.2
0.3x

2. (1) [H ][HCl]0.1MpH1
 () 297

CoKa 0.11.8105

(2) [H ]
2. NaOH

1.310 3M 0.30 800
20.154510 3M

3. 89
(4) CH3COOH NaOH CH3COONaH2O M 9
0.1V1 0.1V2 4. (C)
5. (A)(B)(C)
0.1V1V2 0.1V2 (E) 23
n CH3COOH x 44
[H ]Ka

nCH3COONa 6. (3) CaCO3 x 20.1 0.1
100 1000
0.1V1V2 80
10 51.810 5

(1) x0.18
1000
0.1V2
V1V21000(2) 186

V1609V2391
3. (1) HA NaOH NaA H2O
0.4 0.08 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 187

1 1 6. 7. 8. 188 9. 10.
0.08 0.08 0.08 11. 12.
0.32 0 0.08
189
HA H A
1. (1) pH NaOH
0.32 0.08
(2) 0.01 M(3) 7(4)
10 5 10 5 10 5
5 5 HCl0.01 M(5) Ca(OH)2
0.3210 10 0.0810 5
0.005 M 190
10 50.0810 5

2. (1)(2)(3)
Ka 2.510 6
0.3210 5 (4) pH4.7
(2) HA NaOH NaA H2O
0.12
0.32 0.08
1
0.12 0.12 0.12
1. [HCl]10 8 10 7
0.2 0 0.2
[H ]10 710 8 pH7


HA H A
2. (A) NH4Cl Cu(NO3)2 C2H5OH
0.2 0.2
(B) KCl (C) Cu(NO3)2
x x x
3.
0.2x x 0.2x
HA(aq) H (aq)A (aq)
x0.2x
2.510 6 C0 0 0
0.2x

C0x x x
x[H ]2.510 6MpH5.6 Ka
C0 10 3
C0

2 182 [H ][A ] x2 x2
Ka
[HA] C0x C0
2 184
x2 Ka
x C0Ka
C0 C0
C0 (A)
1. 2. 3. 4. 185 5. (B) C0 Ka
6. (1) CaCO32 HCl CaCl2CO2H2O Ka Ka (B)
(2)(3) 0.18 (4) CaCO3
4. (A)(D)(B)(C)
CaCO3
(C)

5. HA A H

[H ][A ] [HA]
10 4 [H ]Ka

1. (1) Ka
[HA] [A ]
(2) 5
[H ] [HA] 10 1
4
Ka [A ] 10 10
(3)
6. CH3COONa HCl CH3COOH NaCl
298 ()

0.12510 3 mol 0.12510 3 mol 0 0
3
0 0 0.12510 mol 0.12510 3 mol
0.05 M CH3COOH0.05 M NaCl
 () 299

50 mL (1)
7. (2)
1 1 1 pH7
(A) 1(B) 2(C) 2
84 100 58
1 1 NaOH
(D) 3(E) 1
122 230
Ma25
8. NaOH HCl
BTB MNaOH25
II
9. NaOH HCl
BTB H2SO4 NaOH
Ma250.01210MNaOH45 MNaOH
10. (A) NaOH 5 mL 0.01 M
Ma0.01 M
(B) NaOH pH7
5 mL

1.010 6 (3) NaOH
(C) pH4 pH7

[H ]10 4 M C (4)

HA H A HCl 0.01 M
C (5) III HCl

10 4 10 4 10 4 NaOH

C10 4 10 4 10 4
4 2 0.01250.01150.1
[H ][A ]
(10 )
Ka 1.010 6
[HA] C10 4
IV Ba2
C0.01 M 2
SO4
(D) NaOH
Na2C2O4
pH 7
Ca2
pH 4.26.3
2. (1) HClCH3COOHHClO
(E)
n1
11. 2

CO32 H HCO3
H FHFOH

HCO3 H CO2H2O 10.20M0.02L10.10M
VL0.004mol
V0.04L40mL

12. (A) 24pHpOH14 (2) HClCH3COOHHClO
1.5pOH14 pOH12.5 Ka Ka
(B)(D)log 30.48 0.5 NaClCH3COONaNaClO
pH1.5[ 0.52] (3) HCl pH7 CH3COOH
[ log 32log 10 ] HClO pH7 pH7
[ log 3log 10 2 ]
NaOH(aq)
[ log310 2]
0.004mol
(4) [CH3COOH] 0.10M
+ 2
[H ]310 M0.03 M 0.200.02L
0.03 mol 0.31103 0.10.02mol
(C) ppm [NaOH] 0.05M
1 1 0.200.02L


10 14 10 14 CH3COOH NaOH CH3COONaH2O
30 ppm(E) [OH ]

[H ] 310 2 0.10 0.05() 0

3.3310 13 M 0.05 0.05 0.05
0.05 0 0.05

CH3COOH CH3COO H
0.05 0.05 0
300 ()

x x x 194 4
0.05 0.05 x

x
[CH3COOH] 0.05 (A) CrO42 Cr2O72


[H ]Ka Ka
[CH3COO ] 0.05 6 6
5
Ka2.010 M pH4.7 (B) Fe(OH)3 Fe(OH)2
3 2
(C) Al Al(OH)4
3

5 3 3
(D) HgCl2 Hg2Cl2
2 1
5-1 191
(E) HCl Cl2
192
1
1 0

[ 1]
(A)(B)
(E)
(A) C3 4
(B) S2 2.5(C) Mn7 4(D)
[]
Cu2 2(E) Cr6 6

[ 2]

2 (A) H (B) H2O2 (C)

MnO4 Mn2

5
(A) OCl2 O 2OF2 O
2(B) Na2S2O3 S 2
Na2S4O6 S 2.5(C) NaHH
1H2H 0(D) Fe 3(E) Ni (A) S4(B) O1(C) Cl1(D)
0Ni(CO)4 Ni 0 S2(E) N3
193 [ 1] []

(A) KH 1(B) H2O2 (A) C2(B)
1(C) BaO2 1(D) N1(C) As3(D) P3(E) S 6
Na 1
195 6
[ 2]

(A) 2 H2O 2 H2O2
(A) (B) (C)
1 2 0 0


(D) (E)
(B) S2 H2SO4 3 SO22 H2O
0 6 4
3 (C) MnO2Na2C2O42 H2SO4
4 3
(A) 2 MnSO42CO2Na2SO42 H2O
70.113.8(C) 2A 2 4
2(E) 2 (D) 3 KClO 2 KClKClO3
1 1 5
[] (E) 3 HNO2 HNO32 NOH2O
3 5 2

(A) 0(B)17(C) 27(D) 2 []

(E)34
 () 301

(1) Au4 H 4 Cl NO3 AuCl4 NO

(A)S2 H2SO4 3 SO22 H2O 2 H2O(2) Cr2O72 3 C2O42 14 H 2 Cr3
0 6 4 6 CO27 H2O

198 7 (1)

(1) MnO2(s)4 H 2 Cl Au4 Cl AuCl4 3 e 1
2
Mn Cl22 H2O

(2) Cr2O72 3 SO32 8 H NO3 3 e 4 H NO2 H2O 2
3 2
2 Cr 3 SO4 4 H2O 1 2 Au4H 4Cl

(3) H2O22 I 2 H I22 H2O NO3 AuCl4 NO2 H2O
(4) 4 KIO35 Na2S2O5 (2)

2 K2SO45 Na2SO43 SO32 I2 C2O42 2 CO22 e 1

[]

Cr2O72 6 e 14 H 2 Cr3 7 H2O 2

1 3
2 2
2 MnO4 3 NO2 H2O 2 OH 3 NO3 2 2 Cr2O7 3 C2O4

MnO2 14 H 2 Cr3 6 CO27 H2O
8 []
(1) 3 Cu8 HNO3 3 Cu(NO3)22 NO4 H2O
Zn Zn2 2 e (1)
(2) 25 (3) 1.6 mol
10 H NO3 8 e NH4 3 H2O (2)

2 (1)4(2)
(2) 8 HNO3 2 NO 10025
4 Zn10 H NO3 4 Zn2 NH4 3 H2O
8
3 8 200 11
(3) x1.6 mol
0.6 x
[] (A) H2O2 H2O

O2(B) H2O22 H 2 e
4 Zn10 HNO3 4 Zn(NO3)2NH4NO33 H2O 2 H2OH2O2 pH H2O2

2 H O22 e H2O2 pH
HNO3 NH4 HNO3 10
(C) O24H 4 e 2 H2OO2
199 9
pH (D)
(1) P43 OH 3 H2O 3 H2PO2 PH3

(2) 25
[]

30412 121
[H ] H

(A) NO3 3 e 4 H NO2 H2O
1P4 3P412 OH 12 H2O 4PH312 H2PO2
(B)Cl22 e 2 Cl

(C) H2O22 e 2 H 2 H2O
0 0 3 1 3 2
(D) Fe e Fe

(E) MnO22 e 4 H Mn2 2 H2O
1044 43
5-1
P43 OH 3 H2O 3 H2PO2 PH3
P4 PH3 P4
1
100 25
4 1. 2. 201 3. 4. 5.
[] 6. 7. 202 8. 9. 10.
11. 203 12. 13. 14.


3 Cl26 OH ClO3 5 Cl 3 H2O 15. (1) SO32 H2O SO42 2 e 2 H (2)
2 3
0 5 1 Cr2O7 6 e 14 H 2 Cr 7 H2O(3)


(B) OH Cr2O72 3 SO32 8 H 2 Cr3 3 SO42
(D) 3615318 4 H2O
10 204
1. 2.

302 ()

(C) ClO 5 Cl 6 H 3 Cl23 H2O
1. (A) ScY 3(B) 1 1 0
Cl 13
Cl ClO3

57(C) O 2(E) S
(D) 2 Cl22 CaO Ca(OCl)2CaCl2
0 1 1
Cl2


(E) P43 OH 3 H2O PH3H2PO2
2. (A) 0 3 1
(B) P4
CaCO3 CaOCO2
2 2 9. 1 Na2Cr2O7 CrCl3

(C) 6 3
3. 8 2 Cr(OH)3 CrCl3

(A) H2S(B) KMnO4(C) H2O2(D) SO2 3 3

2 7 1 4 3 Cr(OH)3 NaCrO2

(E) KNO2 3 3
3 NaCrO2 Na2CrO4
4

2 3 6
1 1 5 CrCl3 Na2CrO4
1 3 6
4. (A)1(B) 0 (C) 0 (D)2 6 Na2CrO4 Na2Cr2O7
1 0
2 6 6
74 0 10. K2Cr2O75 H2SO43 H2S 2 KHSO4
631 Cr2(SO4)37 H2O3 S
(E)52 11. X CO(A)(B)5 0
1 (C)(D) 0 2
5. 2 HNO3(aq)H2S(g) S(s)2 NO2(g)2 H2O(l) (E) 0 2
5 4 1 12. (B) H2O2 H2O(D) H2O2

2 HNO3(aq)3 H2S(g) 3 S(s)2 NO(g)4 H2O(l) 2 H 2 e 2 H2O H2O2
5 2 3 (E) H2O2

2 HNO3(aq)4 H2S(g) 4 S(s)NH4NO3(aq)3 H2O(l) H2O2 2 H O22 e
5 3 8 pH
2 HNO3(aq)5 H2S(g) 5 S(s)N2(g)6 H2O(l) 13.
5 0 5 (A) CuO Cu
2 0
(B) HCl H2

6. Cr2O72 3 H2O28 H 2 Cr3 3 O27 1 0
H2O(B) H2O2 (C) 6 (C) K2Cr2O7 K2CrO4

(D) 2 e (E) 6 6
7. (B) (D) H2O2 H2O
1 2
2 Na2 H2O 2 NaOHH2 (E) H2SO4 CaSO4
0 1 1 0 6 6
(A)(B)(D)
14. 3Br23 Na2CO3 5 NaBrNaBrO33 CO2
8. (A) 2 H2O2 2 H2OO2
1 2 0 1
H2O2 Br2(C) Br26 OH BrO3
2

(B) Cl2H2O HClHOCl
0 1 1
Cl2
 () 303

5 (D) CO32
5 e 3 H2O(D) 10083.3(E)

6 4
15
(E) Fe2 Fe3 e

15.
FeSO4 10.150.50.75
SO32 H2O SO42 2 e 2 H 1

[]

Cr2O72 6 e 14 H 2 Cr3 7 H2O
2

1 3
2
2 Cr2O7 3 SO3
2
Fe2 e mol e mol0.1Vn

8 H 2 Cr3 3 SO42 4 H2O 1
V n
n

(A) n6(B) n5(C) n2(D) n2

1. (A)()()()(B) 3
207
C CH3OH2

HCHO0HCOOH2
30.0 45.0
2e 0.15 CM1 2 CM10.05M
(C)(D)(E) CH3OH HCHO 1000 1000
2e 25.0 25.0
HCOOH(D) 0.05 2CM2 5
1000 1000
2 CM20.02M
2.
[] (1) 0.1 M(2) 0.015 M

(1) NaHSO3 Ba(OH)2
CM20 mL10.0250 mL2CM0.1M
2
(A)(B) Cu3P Cu H3PO4 1 Cu3P (2) NaHSO3 e molKMnO4 e mol
11
11 (C)(D) 100 37.9 0.1302CM'805
1118
CM'0.015 M
11
(E) 10034.4 4
31118
(1) MnO4 5 Fe2 8 H Mn2 5 Fe3 4
5-2 205
H2OCr2O72 6 Fe2 14 H 2 Cr3 6 Fe3

206 1 7 H2O(2) 0.08 mol(3) 2.010

3
mol(4) 8.0

H
MnO4 Mn2 Sn2 Sn4

CM30.020.12010.05 (2) 0.20580.010 30.080 mol

CM0.100 (3)Cr2O72 mol6
3
[] 2.15140.00.200580.010

Cr2O72 mol1.010
3
mol
3.00 25 32
C 10.04 5 2.010
3
mol
56 200 1000
C 96 2.010 52.0
3

2 (4) 100
1.30
8.0
KMnO4 []
KMnO4
KMnO4 0.30.550.75 5 2.5
CM 20.10 1
(A) SO2 SO42 2 e 1000 1000
5
SO2 20.1510.75 0.015 5

1000
(B) C2O42 2 CO22 e 12.5 12.5
CM 12152.69g
Na2C2O4 20.151 1000 1000

(C) 2 Cl Cl22 e

208 5
19.6
BaCl2 20.151

14 H Cr2O72 6 e 2 Cr3 7 H2O

2 S2O32 S4O62 2 e
304 ()

3C 6 6. (A)(B) 60
0.40130.010 3
294 80 (C) KMnO4 (E) 10 mol
C19.6 CO2

[] 7. 5 H2O22 MnO4 6 H 5 O2

2 Mn2 8 H2O1 mol H2O2 1 mol O2
MnO2
(D) KMnO4 e molNa2S2O3 e mol 2 H2O2 O22 H2O1 mol
CM30 mL50.05451CM0.015 H2O2 0.5 mol O2
6 (B) 2

8. KMnO4

(A) HNO3 4 H NO3 3 e
n0.4110 3n0.30.510 35

2 H2ONO2

(B) HCl 2 Cl Cl22 e n1.875 n 1.875 KMnO4

(C) H2SO4 H

(D) H2C2O4 C2O42 2 CO22 e (A) Na2SO4
5-2 209 (B) H2O2 O2 2
(C) Ca(OH)2
(D) Fe2 Fe3 1

(E) 2 Cl Cl2 2

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 210
9. (2) KMnO4 Fe2
6. 7. 8. 211

9. (1) (2) (3) 5 Fe2
3 2
MnO4 8 H 5 Fe Mn 4 H2O
(4) 5 Fe2 MnO4 8 H 5 Fe3 Mn2
(4) 14
4 H2O
X
0.05M0.02 51
1. 2. 55.8

X0.279 50 mL Fe2
0.2792
100
4

1. (A) H2O2 O22 e (B) C2H5OH 13.95 14

CH3COOH4 e (C) Fe2 Fe3 e (D)

H2C2O4 CO22 e 1. a X2O3 2a
2. x KMnO4
XO4
x
5 5 x158 XO XO4 0.0202a
158
XO 0.0202a

XO X2O3
3. 122 K2Cr2O7
0.0202a5a80.01506
HC2O4 MnO4 H CO2Mn2 H2O
3 4 a0.0050

HC2O4 MnO4

XO 0.02020.00500.010
20 20 2. (A)
2CM 50.1
1000 1000 (B) KI
CM0.25M (D)(E) KMnO4 x M

HC2O4 OH H2OC2O42 KMnO4

HC2O4 NaOH I2
20 x Na2S2O3
10.25 10.1
1000 1000
x2010 350.15010 31

x50mL

4. NO2 NO3 2 e
x0.05M
CM2520.14.810.020505 5-3 212
CM0.09M 1
5. KMnO4

 () 305

(A)(B)Zn

[ 1]
Zn Zn2 2 e
Zn (C) Zn Cu (D)

Cu2 2 e Cu(E) Zn

213 [ 1]

2
Zn2Ag Zn 2 Ag
AgNO3 Ag Cu2 Ag Cu22 Ag

[ 2]

X Y XH2Y
215 2

(C)
[]

5H2O2 O22 H 2 e

) 2MnO4 8 H 5e Mn2 4 H2O

5 H2O22 MnO4 6 H 5 O22 Mn2 8 H2O
E0.68 V
E1.49 V
E0.681.490.81V
[]

2 Au3 Cl2 2 Au3 6 Cl
E1.421.360.06V
216 4 (1) 0.3(2) 0.3(3) 1.1

(1) ECuAg EZnAg

EZnCu2 1.41.10.3V

(2) Ag e Ag E0.0

ECuAg

Cu Cu2 2 e Ex

Ag e Ag E0

Cu2 Ag Cu2 2 Ag
E0.3x00.3 x0.3

(3) EZnCu2
[]

E

ECuPb2
0.340.130.47V
217 5

XYYZWX
WXYZ

W X Y Z
306 ()

221 9

() O2SO2() O2I2() Br2O2() I2S (1) 0.05(2)Zn Zn2 2 e (3) Ag

Br2O2I2S Ag e (4) (5)
[ 2]
(1) E0.760.340.250.800.05V

E0 KAu (2) ZnCu2 NiAg

Au3 K
(3)

6 C (4) Ag Ag e

Ag Cl AgCl(s) [Ag]E

(5)
Cl2Fe3 Fe2
[]
[ 1]

ZnCoH2Cu
FeH2Fe2
ZnCo H2Cu
E00.770.77
223 10
[ 2]

(A)

2 M X2 2 M (E) 2 MnO2H2 Mn2O3H2O

H
[]
H 2 H 2 e H2
E0.0 V


X2 X2 X3 e
(C) 2 NH4 2 e 2 NH3H2 NH4 H2
E0.1 V 1 0NH4Cl(E) Zn

2 X2 2 H H22 X3

E0.1 V0 2 MnO2 2 NH4Cl Zn(NH3)2Cl2 Mn2O3 H2O
218 7 MnO2 Mn2O34 3

MnO2

224 11
(A) S2O82 I2S4O62 (C)0.5350.170
(E) E

[ 1]
PbSO42 PbSO42 e

Pb Pb2 PbSO4


0.147E0.75 I2 Cu2
PbO24 H SO42 2 e PbSO4
[ 2] 2 H2O
PbO2 Pb2 PbSO4

(C)
PbPbO22 H2SO4 2 PbSO4
219 8
2 H2O
(1) Zn2 Ag 2 AgZn2 (2) (3)
SO42 H2SO4 H2O

(4) (5)(6)(7)
[]

(2) ZnS [Zn2 ]E
(3)E (A)(C)

(4) Zn(NH3)42 [Zn2 ]E (F)
(5) AgCl E 12
(6) 0 (1) Pb(s)PbO2(s)2 H2SO4(aq) 2 PbSO4(s)2
(7)TE H2O(l)(2) 48 32
(3) 25
[]

2F
(A)(B) (2) PbPbO22 H2SO4 2 PbSO42 H2O

(C) Ag e Ag AgCl 248250

[Ag ] (D) Ag
x y
96500

e Ag Ag [Ag ] x mol303207

(E) Cu2 Ag Cu2 2 Ag

 () 307

0.59648 8. 1 H2SO4 98 H2SO4

y mol303239
0.56432
(3) Q2 48250 96500 1
H2SO4 98 9818
10000.32898
10025
100080
[]

2 965002
Pb PbSO4 96
PbO2 PbSO4 64
2 H2SO4 2H2O 160
196 36
5-3 225

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 226
6. 7. 8. 9. 227 10.
11. 12. 13. 14.
228 15. 16.

1. 2. 229 3. 4. 5.

1. (A)(B)
(C) 2 Na
2 H2O 2 NaOHH2Mg
2.

AB2 C B2 AC DA

DAC B2

B3 C2A2 D3
3. (A) F2Cl2CuCl2F2 CuF2Cl2
(B) ZnCuCuCl2Zn ZnCl2Cu
(D) CuCl22 AgNO3 Cu(NO3)22AgCl

4. (A) Mg (B)AgFe
(D)
5. () ZnAg() CuAg()

ZnH2() H2Cu()() e
H2CuAg

6. EAlCu2 EAlNi2

ENiAg ECuAg
1.411.550.462.50V

7. A EAA2 EA
0B

EBB2 EB0
(B) A (C)


(D) E AB2 EAEB
308 ()

80 0.059 0.5
E E log
10000.498 2 0.52
10033 0.059 1
100080 E log
2 0.52

9. Ni Ni2 2 e E0.23 V
3. (A)M4 M2 (B) E

Fe2 2 e Fe E0.44 V
2 2 (C) M4 3 e M E 3 E2
Fe Ni Ni Fe E0.21 V
0.410.6 E0.07 V


Ni Ni2 2 e

E0.23 V (D) 3 M2 2 M M4 E0.6

Fe3 e Fe2

E0.77 V 0.41.00

Ni2 Fe3 Ni2 2Fe2

E1 V 4. (A) O2 H2O2

ClO (B) H2O2(l)2 H (aq)2 e
10. (A) Zn E0.76 VH2 2 H2O(l) E1.77 V
E0 VZn H2 (C) E (C) 21
0.760(D) Zn2 H

(E)
2
Zn H2 pH [H ]

(D)(D)(D)
(E) [H ] 1.0 M

5. (A)OH (B)
11. (C)(D) C
1 10 9 m(C) Ehv 6.626
12. (C) 2.0 (D)

13. 34
3108 19
4.9710 19
10 4.9710 J
14. (A) E0.410.170 40010 9 1.60210 9
19
(B) E0.770.170 3.1eV1 eV1.60210 J(D)
(C) E0.150.170 (E)OH 7

(D) E0.150.170 OH OH
(E) E0.780.170

15. (A)2 Ag 5-4 230

Cu Cu2 2 Ag 233 1
(B)(C) (1) Al2O3(2) (3) 2 Al2O3(l) 4 Al(l)3 O2(g)
(D) (4) 51 g289500 C
21
(E)
(4) Al3 3 e Al
1 mol 27 Al 1 3
Cu 64 g 2 mol Ag 216
396500289500
g
1
16. ZnCu2 Zn2 Cu Al2O3 51
2

0(B) Cu2 2 e Cu
[]
2
Zn Zn 2 e

(E) (A)(B) Al2O3
234 2

1. Y X (A)
(A) NaOH(B) Cl2 OH (C)
H2
Cl2
2. Cu2Ag Cu2 2 Ag E
0.059 [Cu2 ]

[ 1]
E E log 2

2 [Ag ]

E 2 Cl Cl22 e
NaCl(aq) 2 H O2 e H 2 OH
[Ag ] 2 2
0.059 1 (D) H2O(g)
E E log
2 0.52 [ 2]
0.059 0.5
E E log 2
2 1
(B)(C) Cu Cu2 2 e
 () 309

(D) (D) K2SO4(aq)

235 3 H2O 1 O22 H2 e
(1)Cu Cu 2 e 2
Cu 2 e Cu 2
2
2 H2O2 e H22 OH

(2)2 H2O O24 H 4 e

Cu2 2 e Cu E0.48
(E) CuSO4(aq)
H2O 1 O22 H2 e

(1) ECuCu2 0.34 V
EH2OO20.82 V 2
Cu 2 e Cu
2

ESO42 S2O82 2.05 V
Eox Cu Cu2 2 e

Cu 2 e Cu
2
[ 1]

ECu2 Cu0.34 V
EH2OH20.41 V
Ered H2SO4NaOH

(2) 2 H2O O24 H 4 e Na2SO4
H2O 1 O22 H2 e
2
Cu 2 e Cu
|0.820.34| AgNO3 2
Ag e Ag

|0.48 |0.48

2 I I22 e
[] KI 2 H O2 e H 2 OH
2 2

X e X [ 2]
4

2 I I22 e
KI(aq)
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) 2 H2O2 e H22 OH
KI Na(OH)

Na2SO4 NaOH NaF CuSO4 MgF2 KBr H2SO4 (A) I2(B)
MgCl2
I2 O2 Cl2 O2 O2 O2 O2 O2 Br2 O2 (C) I2 CCl4
H2 H2 H2 H2 H2 H2 Cu H2 H2 H2 (D) Fe(OH)3
[] (E)
237 6
(A) CuSO4(aq) O2 Cu(B) AgNO3(aq)


O2 Ag(C) KI(aq) I2(I3 ) Mn ne M
H2(D) NaCl(aq) Cl2 H2 QIt1096.56057900
(E) H2SO4(aq) O2 H2 57900 15.6
236 5 n2
96500 52n
[]
(A) AgNO3(aq)

H2O 1 O22 H2 e
2 QIt96500n n
Ag e Ag

It n
[HNO3] It
(B) NaCl(aq) It96500CMV n CM
V n
2 Cl Cl22 e

12
2 H2O2 e H22 OH 2
(A) Ag CM

8
NaOH 0.251 0.25
(C) NaOH(aq)
24 4
2OH 1 O2H2O2 e (B) Cu2 CM

16
0.25
2 0.252
2 H2O2 e H22 OH

36 3
[NaOH] (C) Al3 CM

12
0.503 0.25

46
(D) Pt4 CM

6
14
238 7
310 ()

(1) 386 (2) 1.4(3) 112 (4) 0.98 M (1) Cu2 2 e Cu
0.635 2
0.02
63.5 1
0.02965005.00t t386

(2) 2 H2O O24 e 4 H
4
nH 0.02 0.02

4
0.02
[H ] 0.04410 2M
0.5
pH2log 422 log 21.4
1
(3) 0.02 22.40.112112
4
1.000.50.01
(4) 0.98M
0.5
[ 1]

H2SO443.610.4 0.4
0.2 Cu0.2
6412.8
[ 2]

NaOH(aq)
1
H2O(l) H2(g) O2(g)
2
8.4
0.375
22.4
2
nH20.375 0.25
3
1
nO20.375 0.125
3
n2O0.25
1 2
(A) Q0.2520.5(B)0.25
10910
184.5NaOH 100
1094.5
10.4 (C) NaOH 1091010.9
(D) 0.2520.5(E) 0.25184.5
239 8

(A)(B)
(D)

[]


Cu Cu2 2 e

Cu2 2 e Cu
Cu Cu

Cu2
240 9

 () 311

(C) 1
2
5-4 2
96500 1
H2 0.5O2 0.50.25
296500 2


1. 2. 3. 241 4. 5.
11. CuSO4(aq)
6. 7. 8. 242 9. 10. 2
Cu 2 e Cu
11. 12. 243 13. 14.
2 H2O O24 H 4 e
15. 244 16. 17. 18. (1) 2H2O
nCu2nO2
2e 2 OH H2(2) (3) Cl2H2O
0.635
HOClHCl 245 19. (1) Ca(2) H2(3) (A) 20.02 O2
6.35
(4) 0
0.01
22.40.112(B) Cu
2
1. 2. 0.635 (D) H2SO40.02

12. 2 I I22 e I2I I3

2 H2O2 e 2 OH H2

(A)(B) Fe3 I2
3 2
1. (A)(B)(D)2 H2O 2 H2(g)O2(g) 2 Fe 2 I 2 Fe I2 I2
KI(aq)(C)

(D) I3 I2I I3
(C) 2 NaCl2 H2O Cl2(g)2 NaOH

H2(g) (E) K I

0.5326010 13.
2. ne 0.01mol
96500


2 H2O O24 H 4 e

A Zn Zn2 2 e

1 1 B Cu2 2 e Cu
nO2 ne 0.010.0025mol
4 4 1
C H2O O22 H 2 e
V 2
PVnRT 1 0.00250.082300
1000 D 2 e 2 H2O H22 OH

V61.5mL E PbSO42 PbSO42 e
2
3. (B) F PbO22 e 4 H SO4 PbSO4
4. 2 H2O
It A B
moln EF CD
96500
A X Y F
2x6060 5
x 2 F Y X A
96500 112.4
14. (A)(C)(D) Na e Na
x1.2 hr
15. 2 H2O2 e 2 OH H2
1 1 1
5. 632 pH7
1 2 3
6. (A)[H2SO4]pH pH102 H2O 4 e


7. Ni2 (aq) Ni 4 H O2
2 Q pH7pH2

8. Cu2 2 e Cu 16.
1 1.6

64

Q0.05 2 H2O 4 e 4 H O2
0.05965004825

2 H2O2 e 2 OH H2
9. Eox Ered
pH7
2 I I22 e
pH10
2 H2O2 e H22 OH
1 1 27
17. (D) Al2O3 2 Al 2 27 0.5

2 H2O2 I I2H22 OH
1
10. H2O(l) H2 O2 1 1 1020.5 51 (E) Al3

2
312 ()

3 e Al 3Al 3 Mn2 Fe3

965003 289500

18. (1) Na (2) 2 Cl Cl22 e
(3) HOCl
19. (1)

(2) Ca2 2.76H2O0.83
H2O H2

1. (A) Pb
PbO2
CB
(B)0.1969.6

2e 1
(C) H2O H2 O2
2
0.1 0.2
1
NaOH 12
101.8

193010
e mol 0.2
96500

(D) 2 H2O2 e H22 OH

0.12
[OH ] 0.1 M pH13
2
(E) 0.25 mol 6.125
NaOH10
2. 10 100 H O90
2
11 NaOH 10
10 1000

11 11
1000 100
100
11 11

2e 1
H2O H2 O2
2
2 1
It2
100
11
5t3600 296500 t5.40
18
3 246
1

(C)

3 247

1. 2. 3.
4.(1) 0.03 M(2) 700 mL

1. 1MV50.1X1MV
60.1Y XY65
2. (A)(B)(D)
 () 313

Fe2 1 3 Cu2 2 I CuI2 (2) 2 Cu2 2 I
Fe
3.
5
MnO4 Mn
2

x
x 10
Fe100 0.1x
100 100
0.1x 40
0.15 x11.2
56 1000
1
4. (1) nmolnMV
0.201
2 5M19.610 3
134
M0.03

(2) nmolnMVFe2 Fe3
n110.10550.03V
V0.7L700 mL
248

249

1. 2. 3. 4.

W It n
1. n t
M 96500 M
2 1 2
() () ()
63.5 108 58.7
2. (A)(B)
(D)
3. (A)(B) Ag2O
4. (C) P Q (E)
250

1. 2. 3. 4. 251 5.
6. 7. 8. 9. 252 10.
11. 12. 253 13. 14.
15. 254 16. 17.
18. 255 19. 20. 21.
256 22. 23. (1) 1H53I(2) SO2

SO3(3) H2SO3(4) I3 I2I I2H2SO3

H2O 2 I SO42 4 H+ I3
2 +
H2SO3H2O 3 I SO4 4 H
257
1. 2.

1. (C) KMnO4
2. (1)
314 ()

2 Cu I2 (1) Y2XCl3 YCl22XCl2

(A)(B) Y0 2XCl3XCl2
13.

CuI(C) I2I I3 C

(D) V I2 I 2
I2 1.76 50.00
V0.200 2V2
(E) I2 176 1000

I I3 I2I I3
2 C OH
3. EZnEAg1.56EZnECu1.10 1 2
ECu0 EAg0.46 EAg 0.46

4. 2 H2O O24 H 4 e
OH 2 OH

Au3 3e Au

5. CH3OHH2O CO26 H 6 e

1 2

4 e 4 H O2 2 H2O 2 14. (A)
1 2
2 3 e H2O mol
(B)

13
(E)
6. (B)(C)(D)(E)


15. (A)Zn(s) Zn2 (aq)2 e (B) Zn
7. (A) HF (B)(C) 2
2 OH 2 H2O Zn(OH)4 H2(C)
(E) KMnO4
(D) Zn(s)2 H (aq) H2(g)Zn2 (aq)(E)
W 336000.3
8. C mole mol 61
12 96500
16. (A)(C)H2 OH (E) I2
W2.4
9. 17. H218O 18O Fe
Fe(18OH)2 H218O H2O

(1) NO3 N2MnO2 Ered 0.96V 18.

0.23V1.23V MnO2NO3 N2
O2(g)4 H (aq)4 e 2 H2O(l) E1.23 1

(2)(1) N2H5 NOMn2
CH4(g)2H2O(l) CO2(g)8 H (aq)8e E0.17
2
10.

2 1 2 CH4(g)2 O2(g) CO2(g)2 H2O(l)
E1.230.171.06


O2(g)4 H (aq)4 e 2 H2O(l) E1.23 3

H2(g)2 H (aq) 2 e E0.0 4

4 2
3 2 H2(g)O2(g) 2 H2O(l)
E1.23
(A) 1.0 1 4.0
(1)Cu n Cu
1 2.0 (B)
E0.46x0.34 x0.80
1.06 (C)
(2)Zn n Zn
1.23 (D)WnFE
E1.56x0.76 x0.80
8965001.06
(3)H2 n H2 818
E0.800.800.00 1000
11. (C) 1 2965001.23
(E)WnFE
(E) 1000
237
XYCl2 X Cl2Y W
12. 19. (B)
X0 2YCl2XCl2
H
237
Cl22XCl2 2XCl3 83(C)
X Cl22 3 286
Cl2X Cl3 W

818
92(D)
H 890
 () 315

90(E)
W

H


20. MnO4 Fe2
15
0.095x
0.00125.0010 35 1 x

152
20.0
(A)
[Fe3 ]5[Mn2 ](B) Fe2

0M(D)H2SO4 H

(E)HCl(aq) Cl MnO4

21. Na2S2O3Cl2
Na2S2O3(aq)4 Cl2(g)5 H2O(l) 2 NaHSO4(aq)
8 HCl(aq)
x4y5z8Na2S2O3
Cl2 (A) z2x8(B) Cl2

Cl (D) Na2S2O3 2
NaHSO4 6(E)

22. (A)(B)(D)

(C)(E)

23. (1) W 1 3

1HZ 5

53I
(2) X X Y 2

781HXY53I78 XY24 xX
(x+8) Y24XY
x 8 2644 24
xx824 x8 X
8OY 16S SO2SO3
(3) 3 WXY HOS

Q H2SO382H2SO4
98 4 Q 6 42

82 H2SO3

(4) 1 I3 I2I 2 I2H2SO3H2O

2 I3 H2SO3
2 +
2 I SO4 4 H 1

H2O 3 I SO42 4H+

1. AgCl
3.8 V
316 ()

0.15 VCl(AgCl)Cu

Cl Cu2 E3.65 V0 Ag

AgCl Cu Cu2
B A
2.


AgClCu Cu2 AgCl

Ag AgCl


(A) AgCl Ag Cl Ag

(B) AgCu Ag Cu E0.27 V


(C) ClCu Cl Cu2 Cl

(E) AgCl2 Cu Ag Cl Cu2 Cu
Ag
() 317