)(Nature of Matter :

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 ):(Types of Matter
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- )(Elements
: .:
) (O ) .(Fe
: .
- )(Component
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).(molecular
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- )(Mixtures
: . :
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:


.
:
-
: =
: = -
: ) ( =

= :

= =
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= +

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 / Cl :

Cl

:
.

- ) ( Cl /
Cl ) ( :


Cl ) ( :

- ) ( C

C , C , C /

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.

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)(
.s, p, d, f

=
= Q, P, O, N, M, L, K

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.

1 K 1s
2 L 2s 2p
3 M 3s 3p 3d
4 N 4s 4p 4d 4f
5 O 5s 5p 5d 5f
6 P 6s 6p 6d
7 Q 7s 7p

:
s
p
d
f
/ Cl17, Ca20, Sc21 :

Cl17 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p5

Ca20 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2

Sc21 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 3d1 4s2

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=

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.

C :
) (.

:
.

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 / ) (Cl Cl35 % Cl37
%

/ =
24.6 75.4
= 35.45 x37 + x35
100 100

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