Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Various misconceptions exist about what is a good start and how to obtain an
optimal start for an Allison 250-C20 or C20R Series engine. This service
letter addresses Bendix controlled engines specifically, but most of the
principles expressed also apply to engines utilizing CECO controls. Allison
recommends judging starts by the performance of a first start of the day
situation utilizing a fully charged battery. Do not attempt to adjust fuel
control systems based on cold soaked engines in low ambient temperatures or
by using an APU/GPU power source. An optimized start primarily focuses on
starting in the least possible time without exceeding any temperature
limits.
Allison defines a good first start as one taking less than 25 seconds from
the introduction of fuel until the engine reaches ground idle. To obtain an
optimized start, move the throttle to the ground idle position to begin fuel
flow as the Nl RPM accelerates through 12-15% Nl. Do ng1 wait for Nl RPM to
peak out before initiating fuel flow, as this will unnecessarily utilize
battery capacity early in the start cycle. Peak observed turbine outlet
temperature may reach 820C for C20 Series engines or 860C for C20R Series
engines during the optimized start. However, start temperature limits
remain as defined in the appropriate Operation and Maintenance Manual, not
to exceed 810C for more than 10 seconds and never to exceed 927C.
During starts Pilots should note temperature peaks, the drop between the
peaks as well as the total start time. This information will assist
maintenance personnel in making appropriate fuel control adjustments.
It does not matter which observed peak is the higher. At times the two
peaks may be so close together that they appear as one peak. In an
optimized start the temperature drop between the two peaks, known as the
start notch, is usually 50C or less. However, the prime determinant of the
quality of the start is the length of time from introduction of fuel to
attaining 58% NI and releasing starter assist. Flight personnel should
provide maintenance personnel with accurate time and temperature information
in order to exact the most effective start adjustments.