LAST-METER SMART GRID EMBEDDED IN AN

INTERNET OF THINGS PLATFORM

Introduction:
Use of Renewable Energy Sources in Household electrification has always been the most
effective method tominimize the amount of carbon emissions that we contribute towards the
cumulative carbon emissions of this planetearth. These carbon emissions have given rise to
global warming due to depletion of the ozone layer. Use ofalternatives like solar water heaters
helps to reduce individual carbon emission footprint upon theenvironment. But the use of these
alternatives is location and climate dependent.

Existing System Proposed System

In existing system, power grid isonly In proposed system, both renewable
used. In power cut time inverters are and non renewable energy sources are
used and once the charge in the inverter used.
get over then we cannot able to use

Drawbacks of existing system: Advantage of proposed system:

Power shortage exists Using non renewable energy source
Power cuts are more Highly reliable
Rechargeable inverters More flexible
Working principle:
In the proposed system we are using the PIC microcontroller for the efficient
energy meter monitoring system. This system is connected with the energy meter and the
connection from substation with load. The relay is used to decide the source (renewable or
nonrenewable) which the user wants to use. The IR receiver is used to count the reading of the
energy meter. The current sensor is used to predict the current from non renewable energy
station. The value of the IR receiver will be given to the microcontroller. The power used by the
home is send to the EB section through zigbee. The status will be displayed in LCD which is
interfaced with the microcontroller. In EB section the cost is calculated separately for the
renewable and non renewable energy and updated in the internet.
Block diagram:

Home section:

Power Supply
Load

Relay LCD

PIC16F877A
Current sensor Energy Meter IR Receiver

2.4GHZ
Inverter (DC to
AC)
From power
grid
From
nonrenewable
energy station
Non-renewable energy station:

To homes Power Supply

Wind power

Generator

PIC16F877A
Battery Relay LCD

Solar panel

EB section:

2.4GHZ
Internet
PC

With .Net

& PHP
Hardware Requirements:
PIC Microcontroller.
Energy meter with IR receiver.
Zigbee
MAX232
LCD.
Current sensor
Relay
Solar panel
Wind generator
12v battery
DC to AC inverter

Software Requirements:
Embedded C
KEIL Compiler
.net