I.

INTRODUCTION

In Mathematics 9, Lesson 3 of Module 7 focuses on how to illustrate and solve problems

involving angle of elevation and angle of depression. Through the activities provided in this learning

material the students will be able to identify and define angle of elevation and angle of depression

through illustrations. Also students will be able to learn that solving problem requires them to draw

a detailed diagram to help them visualize the given information, to deepen their understanding

and transfer these to real-life situations.

This learning material is intended for Grade 9 students of Bacnor National High School,

Bacnor West, Burgos, Isabela and to be taught in four (4) hours.

II. LEARNING COMPETENCY/OBJECTIVES

A. Learning Competency

Illustrates angle of elevation and angle of depression.

B. Objectives

Define angle of elevation and angle of depression through illustrations

Identify angle of elevation and angle of depression through illustrations

Solve problems involving angle of elevation and angle of depression applying

the trigonometric ratios

III. ACTIVATING PRIOR KNOWLEDGE

Activity 1: LOOK UP! LOOK DOWN!

Follow the steps below and answer the questions that follow.

1. Use a tape measure to measure the distance between your eyes and feet.

2. Move around the room and find an object that is at the exact height as your

eyes and label.

3. Go outside the room and make illustrations of:

 a. Tall objects/structures

1. 2. 3. 4.

b. Short objects/structures

1. 2. 3. 4.

Questions:

1. How did you find the activity?

2. Describe the illustration or picture you have created from the activity.

3. What mathematical concepts did you learn from the activity? When you look up to

tall objects is there an angle formed? What about when you look down?

4. Do you think you can directly measure the height, the distance of the object you have

listed in the activity? Justify your answer.

IV. LEARNING ACTIVITY

Activity 2: Identify Me!

The students will identify the angle of elevation, angle of depression and the

line of sight using the given figures. This will enable the students to reflect on and revise

their understanding of angles of elevation and depression.

Direction: In the following figures, identify the segment that represents the line of sight,

and the angles that represent the angle of elevation or angle of depression.

Figure Angle of Angle of Line of Sight

Elevation Depression
A

B C

E
F

G
H

I
K

N
L

M
 R

Questions:

1. How did you identify the line of sight, angle of elevation and angle of depression?

2. What ideas have you learned from this activity?

3. Do you think you can use these ideas in your daily life?

4. Give and illustrate at least two situations in your life involving angle of elevation and

angle of depression.

The angle of elevation is the angle between a horizontal line from the observer and the

line of sight to an object that is above the horizontal line.

In the diagram below, AB is the horizontal line. is the angle of elevation from the

observer at A to the object at C.

 The angle of depression is the angle between a horizontal line from the observer and the

line of sight to an object that is below the horizontal line.

In the diagram below, PQ is the horizontal line. is the angle of depression from the

observer at P to the object at R.

Activity 3: Draw My Problem!

In this activity, the students will practice their skill in illustrating the

information presented in the problem through drawings. This is to prepare them for

solving similar word problems in the next activities.

Objective:

To develop your accuracy in illustrating the pictures presented by the

information in the given word problems.

Materials:

Ruler, protractor, and drawing materials

Directions:

1. Look for a partner.

2. Draw the pictures presented by the information in the problems given.

3. Assume that buildings, ladders, etc. are all on level ground.

4. Clear, neat and accurate illustrations are necessary.

 1. Jose spots a tree directly across the
Bugnay river from where he is standing.
He then walks 18 ft upstream and
determines that the angle between his
previous position and the tree on the
other side of the river is 55.
2. You are standing on top of a building,
looking at a tricycle in the distance. The
angle of depression is 50. The building
you are standing on is 100 feet tall.

3. You are six feet tall and the measure
the angle between the horizontal and a
bird in the sky to be 45. You can see
that the shadow of the bird is directly
beneath the bird, and 150 feet away
from you on the ground.
4. While out swimming one day at
Curamengs Resort you spot a coin at the
bottom of the pool. The pool is ten feet
deep, and the angle between the top of
the water and the coin is 15

5. A 50 foot building casts a 50 foot

shadow.

ASSESSMENT RUBRIC (for activity 3)

Criteria Understanding Understanding Understanding No

of concept, of concept, of concept, Understanding
can apply can apply but but not able to
accurately commit errors in apply
calculation
(4) (3) (2) (1)

Able to draw
figure for the
given word
problem and
explain
Finding the Angle of Elevation
Example 1: You are standing 20 feet away from a tree, and you measure the angle of
elevation to be 38. How tall is the tree?

The solution depends on your height, as you measure the angle of elevation from
your line of sight. Assume that you are 5 feet tall.
The figure shows us that once we find the value of T, we have to add 5 feet to this value to
find the total height of the triangle. To find T, we should use the tangent value:

Finding the Angle of Depression

Example 2: You are standing on top of a building, looking at a park in the distance. The angle
of depression is 53. If the building you are standing on is 100 feet tall, how far away is the
park?
Given the angle of depression is 53, A in the figure above is 37. We can use the
tangent function to find the distance from the building to the park:
Activity 4: IIustrate and Solve!

In this activity, the students will illustrate and solve problems involving angle

of elevation and angle of depression applying trigonometric ratios.

Direction: Look for a partner, then illustrate and solve the following problems. Use the

template below.

Draw the diagram.

What is/are given?

What is to be determined?

Formula used

Solution

Problems:

1. A 12-meter high electric post casts a 19-meter shadow. Find the angle of elevation to

the sun.

2. The angle of elevation from a tricycle to the top of a 92-meter building is 120. How

far is the tricycle from the base of the building.

3. A tree struck by lightning in a storm breaks and falls over to form a triangle with the

ground. The tip of the tree makes a 36 angle with the ground 25 ft from the base of

the tree. What was the height of the tree?

4. You are standing 20 meters away from a tree, and you measure the angle of elevation

to be 38. How tall is the tree?

5. Ana is swimming in the river and notices an earring below her. The angle of
depression is 20 and the depth of the river, at that point is 2m. How far away is she
from the earring?
 Questions:

1. What have you noticed about the given problem?

2. How did you illustrate the information presented in the problem?

3. How did you solve them and what mathematical concepts did you apply?

4. How are these concepts important in daily life?

5. Give one example in which you have experienced using these concepts in your life.

ASSESSMENT RUBRIC (for activity 4)

Criteria Understanding Understanding Understanding No

of concept, of concept, of concept, Understanding
can apply can apply but but not able to
accurately commit errors in apply
calculation
(4) (3) (2) (1)

Able to draw
figure or
illustration of
the problem

Able to apply
knowledge of
trigonometric
ratios

V. ASSESSMENT

Solve the following problems involving angle of elevation and angle of depression by applying

the trigonometric ratios. The solutions will be rated according to the rubrics given in activity 4.

1. A kite is flying with the string inclined at 60o to the horizon. What is the height of the

kite above the ground, when the string is 30 m long?

 2. A bird sits on top of a lamppost. The angle of depression from the bird to the feet of an

observer standing away from the lamppost is . The distance from the bird to the

observer is 25 meters. How tall is the lamppost?

Glossary of Terms

1. Line of Sight- an imaginary line that connects the eye of an observer to the object

being observed.

2. Angle of Elevation is the angle between a horizontal line from the observer and

the line of sight to an object that is above the horizontal line.

3. Angle of Depression is the angle between a horizontal line from the observer and

the line of sight to an object that is below the horizontal line.

References

1. Learners Material for Grade 9, pp. 457-460

2. https://www.ck12.org/trigonometry/angles-of-elevation-and-

depression/lesson/Angles-of-Elevation-and-Depression-TRIG/

3. http://www.onlinemathlearning.com/angle-of-elevation.html

Prepared by:

JENILYN T. CADIENTE
Teacher 3
Bacnor National High School
Area 2/ Burgos District