r =r

xy yx y
x x y

x1x2xN N
x1(t)x2(t)xN(t)t=12M x j xi

D min + k D max
xij (t ) = t = 1, 2,3,L , M (1)
D ij (t ) + k D max

(5)ij(t) x j xi t

D ij (t ) =| xi (t ) - x j (t ) |, D max = max max Dij (t ), D min = min min D ij (t ); k [01]

j j j j

ij(t) D min
 xij (t ) max xij (t ) = 1; Dij (t )
i

1 D min
D max xij (t ) min xij (t ) = gk+
i 1 + k D max

xij (t ) k 1

1 D min
1+
xij (t ) 1 (2)
2 D max

D min = 0

0.5 xij 1 (3)

xij = xij (t )

1 xi xi xij 1

xij (t ) xij (t ) sij sii x j

xi

Sii=1M=M(4)

g ij = sij / M (5)

(5)(6)
 ij(t)
ij(t) xi xj ij(t)xi xj

(ij)

(t ) = xi (t ) / xi (1)
xi i = 1, 2,L , N ; t = 1, 2,L , M (7)

(t ) = xi (t ) / xi
xi i = 1, 2,L , N ; t = 1, 2,L , M (8)

10-1 19861990

10-1 (1) k
0.5

10-1 19861990


1 g 14 = 0.6702 = max
i
g 1i > g 12 > g 15 > g 13

(2) g 24 =0.6177= max g 2i

i

(3) g 24 =0.6459= max g 3i

i

(4) g 24 =0.7697= max g 4i

i