Professional Documents
Culture Documents
0
(Supersedes MDI 0012.am5)
Overhead transmission
mains design
IMPORTANT DISCLAIMER
As the information contained in this publication is subject to change from time to time,
Endeavour Energy gives no warranty that the information is correct or complete or is
a definitive statement of procedures. Endeavour Energy reserves the right to vary
the content of this publication as and when required. You should make independent
inquiries to satisfy yourself as to correctness and currency of the content. Endeavour
Energy expressly disclaims all and any liability to any persons whatsoever in respect
of anything done or not done by any such person in reliance, whether in whole or in
part, on this document.
1.0 PURPOSE
This document defines standard parameters and requirements to be used for the design
of overhead transmission lines in Endeavour Energys franchise area.
2.0 SCOPE
This document applies to 33 kV, 66 kV, and 132 kV overhead lines.
This document applies to pole lines only; tower lines are excluded from the scope of this
document.
3.0 REFERENCES
Company Policy 9.2.5 Network Asset Design
Company Policy 9.2.10 Network Asset Ratings
Earthing Design Instruction EDI 001 Earthing design risk assessment
Mains Design Instruction MDI 0031 Overhead distribution: Design standards manual
Mains Design Instruction MDI 0042 Overhead conductor ratings
Mains Design Instruction MDI 0044 Easements and Property Tenure Rights
Division Procedure (Network) GNV 1062 - Granting Dispensation from Network
Standards
Network Management Plan December 2013 Review
ENA National Electricity Network Safety Code (Doc 001-2008)
AS/NZS 1170.2:2011 - Structural design actions - Part 2: Wind actions
AS/NZS 7000:2010 - Overhead line design Detailed procedures
HB 331-2012 Handbook Overhead line design
RailCorp EP 10 01 00 05 SP Requirements for Electric Aerials Crossing RailCorp
Infrastructure
5.0 ACTIONS
This document provides the design parameters, limitations and requirements that shall
be used for all overhead lines covered within Section 2.0 of this document.
Designs shall be in accordance with AS/NZS 7000 Overhead line design Detailed
procedures. Where the requirements of AS/NZS 7000 and this document differ, the
requirements of this document shall take precedence.
All new overhead transmission lines shall comply with the requirements of this standard.
Where any of the requirements of this document cannot be met, dispensation shall be
requested (in accordance with Division Procedure GNV 1062 - Granting Dispensation
from Network Standards) from the Network Mains Manager prior to approval of the
design.
Existing transmission lines being relocated or augmented (in part or full) shall comply
with the requirements of this standard. Dispensation shall be requested where it is
proposed to rebuild or augment a feeder in accordance with an older standard.
All requests for dispensation shall be submitted as early as possible to allow appropriate
consideration to be given to all alternatives.
Overhead lines shall be designed for the following security level and design life as a
minimum:
Security level 1: Level II
Design life: 50 years
The above requirements result in a minimum wind return period of 100 years 2.
At the discretion of the Capacity Planning Manager, critical feeders may be designated
security level III, corresponding to a wind return period of 200 years.
5.1.2.2 Regional wind speed
AS/NZS 1170.2 Section 3.2 specifies regional wind speeds for Australia and New
Zealand. Endeavour Energys network falls within Region A, with a corresponding
regional wind speed (VR) of 41m/s for a 100 year wind return period and 43m/s for a 200
year wind return period.
5.1.2.3 Multipliers
Multipliers are used to adapt the regional wind speed to site specific conditions
considering factors such as terrain, topography and height of structures and conductors
above the ground.
Different terrains and topographies may be encountered along the length of a feeder.
Every structure/span shall be designed using multipliers that are, at a minimum,
appropriate for the immediate area in which it is located. Generally a single set of
multipliers sufficient to cover the most onerous conditions anywhere on the feeder should
be selected and applied to the whole feeder. More than one set of multipliers shall only
be used where it is not technically or economically viable to use a single set.
The four multipliers are defined as follows:
Wind direction multiplier ( ):
Wind from all directions shall be considered. = 1.00 in all cases.
Terrain/height multiplier ( ):
Most sites fall under terrain category 2 or 3, and with a typical height above
ground of 20m this corresponds to a terrain/height multiplier of 0.94 or 1.08. A
larger multiplier shall be selected for category 1 terrains and/or where the
structure or conductor height is greater than 20m. Refer to AS/NZS 1170.2
Section 4.2 for further guidance on selection of this multiplier. Under no
circumstances shall a terrain/height multiplier smaller than 0.94 be selected.
Shielding multiplier ( ):
No shielding shall be assumed. = 1.00 in all cases.
Topographic multiplier ( ):
The minimum value of the topographic multiplier is 1.00 which is suitable for sites
with an average slope less than 5% (i.e. 1m vertical rise over 20m horizontally).
A larger multiplier shall be selected for sites on or near hills, ridges, escarpments,
etc. in accordance with AS/NZS 1170.2 Section 4.4.
1
Security levels are defined in AS/NZS 7000 Clause 6.2.2
2
Wind return periods are given in AS/NZS 7000 Table 6.1
The site wind speed is calculated by multiplying the regional wind speed by the site
multipliers: 3
=
Wind pressure ( ) is then calculated as follows, where the air density shall be taken as
1.2kg/m3 : 4
1 2
=
2
Example:
The two most common sets of multipliers used both have = = = 1.0 and differ
only in = 0.94 or = 1.08. The site wind speed and pressure corresponding to each
of these cases can be derived as follows:
3
AS/NZS 7000 Equation B1
4
AS/NZS 7000 Equation B3
= 0.94 = 1.08
= =
= 41 1.00 0.94 1.00 1.00 = 41 1.00 1.08 1.00 1.00
= 38.5 m/s = 44.3 m/s
1 2 1 2
= 2 = 2
= 0.5 1.2 38.52 = 0.5 1.2 44.32
= 889 = 1177
900 1200
Example
An ultimate wind pressure of 1200 Pa acting on a wood pole:
=
= 1.3 1200
= 1560 Pa
5
AS/NZS 1170.2 Table E3 Note 3, increased to 1.3 to match wood poles
6
AS/NZS 1170.2 Table E4
7
HB 331 Table 7.1 except as noted
8
Ft is a simplification of Ftw and Fte defined in AS/NZS 7000 Section 7.
9
Only applies in locations that may be subject to snow or ice. Assume a radial ice thickness of
6 mm and density of 931 kg/m.
Strength reduction
Component Limit state
factor
Steel poles and
Strength 0.9
crossarms
Fasteners Strength 0.9
Strength - combined bending
0.9
and compression
Concrete poles Serviceability first crack 0.4
Strength 0.7
Conductors
Serviceability 0.5
10
Refer to Section 5.3.2.1 for additional detail and requirements
11
Based on AS/NZS 7000 Table 6.2
5.5 Clearances
5.5.1 Minimum clearance from ground
Overhead lines shall be designed so that the distance from conductors to level or sloping
ground in any direction from any position to which any part of such conductors may either
sag at maximum design temperature or move as a result of wind pressure (500 Pa,
conductor temperature 50C) is not less than the distances specified in Table 5.
The clearances in Table 5 are deemed to be nominal and include a 400mm allowance for
design and construction tolerances. Under all circumstances overhead lines shall be
designed to, at a minimum, achieve the relevant clearances in Table 5. The clearance
achieved after construction will be deemed acceptable if it does not fall below the
nominal clearance (in Table 5) by more than 400mm.
NOTE: the distances specified in Table 5 are final conditions for conductors that have
aged. When conductors are first erected, an allowance shall be made for strand settling
and conductor creep.
12
Land which due to its steepness or swampiness is not traversable by vehicles more than
3 metres in height
13
Based on AS/NZS 7000 Table 3.6 with an additional allowance of 800 mm
14
Based on RailCorp EP 10 01 00 05 SP Section 5.4.6
Clearance between two components shall be measured between the closest points on
those components. This means for example that clearance must be calculated to the
surface of a pole (or pole step) rather than the centre, so where calculations are based
on the centre-line it will be necessary to add the pole radius to the required clearance.
15
Relates to lightning/switching impulse flashover distance
16
Relates to power frequency flashover distance
17
AS/NZS 7000 Table 3.4 - based on lightning impulse flashover distance; this is sufficient to
cover switching surge and power frequency flashover as well.
Upper circuit at
max. operating
temperature
Distribution or
streetlighting
pole
18
Figure 1 - Clearance to inter-span poles
18
Adapted from AS/NZS 7000 Figure 3.8
19
Based on 500mm allowance in addition to safe approach distances from Endeavour Energy
Electrical Safety Rules
20
Figure 2 - Minimum conductor separation
For conductors of the same circuit, the vector difference in potential shall be taken as the
nominal phase-to-phase voltage of the circuit (for example 33 kV).
For conductors of different circuits, the vector difference in potential shall be taken as the
sum of the phase-to-earth voltages of each circuit. This allows for any phase difference
between different voltages on the network (due to delta-star transformers for instance)
and any combination of phase transpositions along either of the circuits. It is not
acceptable to assume that there is no phase difference between conductors of different
circuits.
20
Adapted from AS/NZS 7000 Figure 3.6
Example:
Conductors of a 33 kV circuit and conductors of an 11 kV circuit are assumed to have a
difference in potential of:
33 11
U= + = 25.4 kV
3 3
5.5.6.2 Separation at mid-span
Any two conductors having a difference in voltage shall meet the following requirement at
the centre of the span 21:
X 2 + (1.2Y )
U
+ 0.55 D + L
2
150
5.5.6.3 Separation at any point in the span
Any two conductors having a difference in voltage shall meet the following requirement at
all points in a span 22:
U
X 2 + (1.2Y ) 2 0.27 +
100
22
Simplified form of AS/NZS 7000 Equation 3.3 using q = 0.01
23
AS/NZS 7000 Section 3.7.1.4
Upper circuit
Lower circuit Condition 132 kV 66 kV 33 kV
(m) (m) (m)
no wind 2.4 - -
132 kV
wind 1.5 - -
no wind 2.4 1.8 -
66 kV
wind 1.5 0.8 -
LV, 11 kV, 22 kV, 33 kV no wind 2.4 1.8 1.2
(bare, covered, insulated) wind 1.5 0.8 0.5
Other cables no wind 2.4 1.8 1.2
(conductive or non-conductive) wind 1.5 0.8 0.5
24
Table 10 - Minimum vertical separation for unattached crossings
25
Figure 3 - Dynamic loading clearance for unattached crossings
24
Simplified from AS/NZS 7000 Table 3.1
25
AS/NZS 7000 Figure 3.3
Vertical separation between conductors of different circuits on the same structure shall
not be less than that specified in Table 11.
NOTE: a larger separation may be required in order to meet the requirements of
Section 5.5.6.
Upper circuit
Lower circuit
132 kV 66 kV 33 kV
(m) (m) (m)
132 kV - -
66 kV -
11 kV, 22 kV, 33 kV
(bare, covered, insulated) 2.4
1.8
LV 1.8
Other cables
(conductive or non-conductive)
26
Table 11 - Minimum vertical separation for attached crossings
26
Derived from Endeavour Energy Electrical Safety Rules Table A and AS/NZS 7000 Table 3.3,
with an allowance for EWP access.
Maximum AC
Soil
earthing
resistivity
resistance
(m)
()
100 10
100 - 500 15
500 - 1000 20
1000 - 2000 25
2000 - 3000 30
> 3000 See below
Table 12 - AC earthing resistance
In locations where the soil resistivity is greater than 3000m, a report detailing the
number of poles affected and predicted impact to reliability shall be submitted to the
Network Mains Manager for review.
5.8 Easements
Refer to MDI 0044 Easements and Property Tenure Rights.
5.9 Stays
Ground stays may pose a trip hazard or electric shock hazard. As such they shall not be
installed on footpaths, road reserves, or other locations where members of the public are
likely to come into contact with the stay wire.
The Network Mains Manager has the authority and responsibility for endorsing and
recommending changes and revisions to this instruction, and endorsing variations from
the requirements of this instruction.
The Earthing and Power Quality Manager has the authority and responsibility for
endorsing variations from the requirements of this instruction that relate to earthing.
The Capacity Planning Manager has the authority and responsibility for:
designating the security level for transmission lines; and
assessing the need for future installation of distribution lines on new or augmented
transmission lines.
The Manager Asset and Network Planning has the authority and responsibility for
confirming compliance with this standard when an asset renewal project is initiated.
Endeavour Energys Regional Managers have the authority and responsibility for
overseeing that all designs carried out by Regional employees conform to the
requirements of this instruction.
The Manager Network Connections has the authority and responsibility for overseeing
that all designs submitted by Level 3 ASPs conform to the requirements of this
instruction.
It will be the ASPs responsibility to obtain the latest issue of any instruction or drawing
relevant to or listed in this manual for use during the design of any project.
Annexure 1 Drawings
33/66kV Drawings
Drawing Amendment Title
Overhead Transmission
397999 A 66kV Construction #61C
Delta Line Post
Overhead Transmission
398011 A 66kV Construction #61S
Delta Line Post
Overhead Transmission
398023 A 66kV Construction #61T
Delta Line Post
Overhead Transmission
398000 A 66kV Construction #62C
Vertical Line Post
Overhead Transmission
398012 A 66kV Construction #62S
Vertical Line Post
Overhead Transmission
398024 A 66kV Construction #62T
Vertical Line Post
Overhead Transmission
66kV Construction #63C
398001 A
Vertical Through Strain
Deviation 0-60
Overhead Transmission
66kV Construction #63S
398013 A
Vertical Through Strain
Deviation 0-60
Overhead Transmission
66kV Construction #63T
398025 A
Vertical Through Strain
Deviation 0-60
Overhead Transmission
66kV Construction #64C
398002 A
Vertical Through Strain
Deviation 60-90
Overhead Transmission
66kV Construction #64S
398014 A
Vertical Through Strain
Deviation 60-90
Overhead Transmission
66kV Construction #64T
398026 A
Vertical Through Strain
Deviation 60-90
Overhead Transmission
398008 A 33kV Construction #50VC
UG/OH Vertical Termination
Overhead Transmission
398020 A 33kV Construction #50VS
UG/OH Vertical Termination
Overhead Transmission
398032 A 33kV Construction #50VT
UG/OH Vertical Termination
Overhead Transmission
398010 A 66kV Construction #60C
UG/OH Delta Termination
Overhead Transmission
398022 A 66kV Construction #60S
UG/OH Delta Termination
Overhead Transmission
398034 A 66kV Construction #60T
UG/OH Delta Termination
132kV Drawings
Drawing Amendment Title
Overhead Transmission
397791 A 132kV Construction #81C
Delta Line Post
Overhead Transmission
397801 A 132kV Construction #81S
Delta Line Post
Overhead Transmission
397811 A 132kV Construction #81T
Delta Line Post
Overhead Transmission
397792 A 132kV Construction #82C
Vertical Line Post
Overhead Transmission
397802 A 132kV Construction #82S
Vertical Line Post
Overhead Transmission
397812 A 132kV Construction #82T
Vertical Line Post
Overhead Transmission
132kV Construction #83C
397793 A
Vertical Through Strain
Deviation 0-60
Overhead Transmission
132kV Construction #83S
397803 A
Vertical Through Strain
Deviation 0-60
Overhead Transmission
132kV Construction #83T
397813 A
Vertical Through Strain
Deviation 0-60
Overhead Transmission
132kV Construction #84C
397794 A
Vertical Through Strain
Deviation 60-90
Overhead Transmission
132kV Construction #84S
397804 A
Vertical Through Strain
Deviation 60-90
Overhead Transmission
132kV Construction #84T
397814 A
Vertical Through Strain
Deviation 60-90
Overhead Transmission
397800 A 132kV Construction #80VC
UG/OH Vertical Termination
Overhead Transmission
397810 A 132kV Construction #80VS
UG/OH Vertical Termination
Overhead Transmission
397820 A 132kV Construction #80VT
UG/OH Vertical Termination
General drawings
Drawing Amendment Title
Overhead Transmission
240600 C Assembly Details
For Concrete Poles
Overhead Transmission
398036 A Assembly Details
For Steel Poles
Overhead Transmission
054798 B Assembly Details
For Timber Poles
Overhead Transmission
398035 A
Line Post Insulator Assembly
Overhead Transmission
398038 A Long Rod Insulator
Termination Assembly
Overhead Transmission
398037 A Long Rod Insulator
Angle Suspension Assembly
Overhead Transmission
367719 B
Pole Foundation Details
Overhead Transmission
051125 H Earthing Connections
For Concrete Poles
Overhead Transmission
056814 J
Earth Electrode on Concrete Pole
Overhead Transmission
048340 L
Earth Electrode on Wood Pole
Overhead Transmission
048342 K
Pole Stay
Overhead Transmission
048343 L
Ground Stay
Overhead Conductor
086232 K
Clearances to Structures
OPGW drawings
Drawing Amendment Title
Overhead Transmission
344471 A OPGW Assembly Type 1
Suspension
Overhead Transmission
298176 C OPGW Assembly Type 2
Through Strain Without Splice
Overhead Transmission
298166 C OPGW Assembly Type 3
Through Strain With Splice
Overhead Transmission
298128 D OPGW Assembly Type 4
Termination
Part drawings
Drawing Amendment Title
Overhead Transmission
399844 A
Conductor Fittings
Crossarm
061648 C 132kV Landing Span
(Steel Channel)
Crossarm
056304 C 33/66kV Landing Span
Type H1 (Steel Channel)
Crossarm
052796 F Type C3
(Steel SHS)
Pole Mounted Bolts
063900 E
Preferred Sizes
Pole Band
048761 F
125kN - 2 Piece
050167 J Eyebolt