BT14 501: MASS TRANSFER OPERATIONS

Teaching Scheme: 3 Hrs lecture and 1 hr tutorial per week Credits: 4

Objectives:

To impart the basic concepts of mass transfer

To develop an understanding of different separation processes like Distillation, extraction, drying and
crystallization

Module I [15 hrs]

Classification of mass transfer operations Diffusional mass transfer Ficks law. One component
transferring to non-diffusing component and equimolar counter diffusion diffusivity estimation. The mass
transfer coefficient. Dimensionless groups in mass transfer. Theories of mass transfer. Film theory,
Penetration theory, surface renewal theory, the boundary layer theory. Momentum, heat and mass
transfer analogies. Interphase mass transfer. The two-film theory, the overall mass transfer coefficient.
General features of equipment for mass transfer Tray tower, packed tower, bubble column, ,and spray
tower.

Module II [15 hrs]

Basic concepts of distillation vapor liquid equilibrium, the Raoults law, Relative volatility,
Deviations from ideality. Flash vaporization of a binary mixture, simple distillation, continuous
fractionation, McCabe-Thiele method, Ponchon, - Savarit method, minimum reflux ratio. Total reflux,
optimum reflux ratio. Design of packed towers.

Module III [15 hrs]

Liquid liquid extraction applications, Liquid liquid equilibrium. Solvent selection, Design calculations
for stage wise extraction, single stage and multi stage operation, crosscurrent and countercurrent
operations, liquid liquid extraction equipment. Super critical fluid extraction. Leaching-Applications,
Heap and insitu leaching, single stage and multistage leaching. Leaching equipments.

Module IV [15 hrs]

Drying of wet solids. Classification of drying equipment. Drying equipment. Drying calculations cross
circulation drying and through circulation drying. Material and energy balance in a continuous dryer.
Freeze drying. Drying time in a continuous counter current dryer. Crystallization. Principles of
crystallization. Nucleation and crystal growth. Effect of impurities on crystal formation Fractional
crystallization, caking of crystals. Crystallization equipment.

Text book:

1. Treybal Mass Transfer operations McGraw Hill International

2. McCabe-Smith Unit operations of Chemical Engg McGraw Hill International
3. Binay K Dutta Mass Transfer and Separation processes.
4. Badger and Banchero, Introduction to Chemical Engineering, Mc- Graw Hill

References:

1. Coulson J.M., J.F. Richardson, J.R. Backhurst and J.M. Harker, Coulson & Richardsons Chemical
Engineering, Vol. I, 6th Edn., Butter worth Heinemann, Oxford, 1999.
2. Seader J. D. & Henley E. J., Separation Process Principles 3. Welty J. R., Wilson R. E. & Wicks C.
E., Fundamentals of momentum heat and Mass Transfer, John Wiley.

Internal Continuous Assessment (Maximum Marks-50) 60% - Tests (minimum 2) 30% - Assignments
(minimum 2) such as home work, problem solving, group discussions, quiz, literature survey, seminar,
term-project, software exercises, etc. 10% - Regularity in the class Note: One of the assignments shall be
problem solution using any technical computing software

University Examination Pattern PART A: Analytical/problem solving SHORT questions 8x 5 marks=40

marks Candidates have to answer EIGHT questions out of TEN. There shall be minimum of TWO and
maximum of THREE questions from each module with total TEN questions. PART B:
Analytical/Problem solving DESCRIPTIVE questions 4 x 15 marks=60 marks Two questions from each
module with choice to answer one question. Maximum Total Marks: 100 Note:- Use of Heat and Mass
Tansfer data book, Steam Tables and attested copies of relevant charts are permitted for examination.