You are on page 1of 9

POSITION STATEMENT

Code of Ethical Conduct


and Statement of Commitment
Revised April 2005,
Reaffirmed and Updated May 2011

A position statement of the National Association for the Education of Young Children

Endorsed by the Association for Childhood Education International and


Southern Early Childhood Association
Adopted by the National Association for Family Child Care

Preamble Core values


NAEYC recognizes that those who work with young Standards of ethical behavior in early childhood care
children face many daily decisions that have moral and and education are based on commitment to the follow-
ethical implications. The NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct ing core values that are deeply rooted in the history of
offers guidelines for responsible behavior and sets forth a the field of early childhood care and education. We have
common basis for resolving the principal ethical dilemmas made a commitment to
encountered in early childhood care and education. The
Appreciate childhood as a unique and valuable stage of
Statement of Commitment is not part of the Code but is a
the human life cycle
personal acknowledgement of an individuals willingness to
Base our work on knowledge of how children develop
embrace the distinctive values and moral obligations of the
and learn
field of early childhood care and education.
The primary focus of the Code is on daily practice with Appreciate and support the bond between the child
children and their families in programs for children from birth and family
through 8 years of age, such as infant/toddler programs, Recognize that children are best understood and sup-
preschool and prekindergarten programs, child care centers, ported in the context of family, culture,* community, and
hospital and child life settings, family child care homes, society
kindergartens, and primary classrooms. When the issues Respect the dignity, worth, and uniqueness of each
involve young children, then these provisions also apply to individual (child, family member, and colleague)
specialists who do not work directly with children, including Respect diversity in children, families, and colleagues
program administrators, parent educators, early childhood Recognize that children and adults achieve their full
adult educators, and officials with responsibility for program potential in the context of relationships that are based
monitoring and licensing. (Note: See also the Code of Ethi- on trust and respect
cal Conduct: Supplement for Early Childhood Adult Educa-
tors, online at www.naeyc.org/about/positions/pdf/ethics04.
pdf. and the Code of Ethical Conduct: Supplement for Early * The term culture includes ethnicity, racial identity, economic
Childhood Program Administrators, online at http://www. level, family structure, language, and religious and political beliefs,
which profoundly influence each childs development and relation-
naeyc.org/files/naeyc/file/positions/PSETH05_supp.pdf) ship to the world.

Copyright 2011 by the National Association for the Education of Young Children
NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct 2 Revised May 2011

Conceptual framework ted to supporting childrens development and learning;


respecting individual differences; and helping children
The Code sets forth a framework of professional respon- learn to live, play, and work cooperatively. We are also
sibilities in four sections. Each section addresses an area committed to promoting childrens self-awareness, com-
of professional relationships: (1) with children, (2) with petence, self-worth, resiliency, and physical well-being.
families, (3) among colleagues, and (4) with the commu-
nity and society. Each section includes an introduction Ideals
to the primary responsibilities of the early childhood I-1.1To be familiar with the knowledge base of early
practitioner in that context. The introduction is followed childhood care and education and to stay informed
by a set of ideals (I) that reflect exemplary professional through continuing education and training.
practice and by a set of principles (P) describing prac-
I-1.2To base program practices upon current knowl-
tices that are required, prohibited, or permitted.
edge and research in the field of early childhood educa-
The ideals reflect the aspirations of practitioners.
tion, child development, and related disciplines, as well
The principles guide conduct and assist practitioners in
as on particular knowledge of each child.
resolving ethical dilemmas.* Both ideals and principles
are intended to direct practitioners to those questions I-1.3To recognize and respect the unique qualities,
which, when responsibly answered, can provide the abilities, and potential of each child.
basis for conscientious decision making. While the Code I-1.4To appreciate the vulnerability of children and
provides specific direction for addressing some ethical their dependence on adults.
dilemmas, many others will require the practitioner to I-1.5To create and maintain safe and healthy settings
combine the guidance of the Code with professional that foster childrens social, emotional, cognitive, and
judgment. physical development and that respect their dignity
The ideals and principles in this Code present a and their contributions.
shared framework of professional responsibility that I-1.6To use assessment instruments and strategies
affirms our commitment to the core values of our field. that are appropriate for the children to be assessed,
The Code publicly acknowledges the responsibilities that are used only for the purposes for which they
that we in the field have assumed, and in so doing sup- were designed, and that have the potential to benefit
ports ethical behavior in our work. Practitioners who children.
face situations with ethical dimensions are urged to seek I-1.7To use assessment information to understand
guidance in the applicable parts of this Code and in the and support childrens development and learning, to
spirit that informs the whole. support instruction, and to identify children who may
Often the right answerthe best ethical course of need additional services.
action to takeis not obvious. There may be no readily
I-1.8To support the right of each child to play and
apparent, positive way to handle a situation. When one
learn in an inclusive environment that meets the needs
important value contradicts another, we face an ethical
of children with and without disabilities.
dilemma. When we face a dilemma, it is our professional
responsibility to consult the Code and all relevant par- I-1.9To advocate for and ensure that all children,
ties to find the most ethical resolution. including those with special needs, have access to the
support services needed to be successful.
I-1.10To ensure that each childs culture, language,
ethnicity, and family structure are recognized and val-
Section I ued in the program.
I-1.11To provide all children with experiences in a
Ethical Responsibilities to Children language that they know, as well as support children
in maintaining the use of their home language and in
Childhood is a unique and valuable stage in the human learning English.
life cycle. Our paramount responsibility is to provide
I-1.12To work with families to provide a safe and
care and education in settings that are safe, healthy,
smooth transition as children and families move from
nurturing, and responsive for each child. We are commit-
one program to the next.

* There is not necessarily a corresponding principle for each ideal.

Copyright 2011 by the National Association for the Education of Young Children
NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct 3 Revised May 2011

Principles principle may not apply in programs that have a lawful


mandate to provide services to a particular population
P-1.1Above all, we shall not harm children. We shall of children.)
not participate in practices that are emotionally dam-
P-1.8We shall be familiar with the risk factors for and
aging, physically harmful, disrespectful, degrading,
symptoms of child abuse and neglect, including physi-
dangerous, exploitative, or intimidating to children.
cal, sexual, verbal, and emotional abuse and physical,
This principle has precedence over all others in
emotional, educational, and medical neglect. We shall
this Code.
know and follow state laws and community procedures
P-1.2We shall care for and educate children in positive that protect children against abuse and neglect.
emotional and social environments that are cognitively
P-1.9When we have reasonable cause to suspect child
stimulating and that support each childs culture, lan-
abuse or neglect, we shall report it to the appropri-
guage, ethnicity, and family structure.
ate community agency and follow up to ensure that
P-1.3We shall not participate in practices that discrimi- appropriate action has been taken. When appropriate,
nate against children by denying benefits, giving special parents or guardians will be informed that the referral
advantages, or excluding them from programs or will be or has been made.
activities on the basis of their sex, race, national origin,
P-1.10When another person tells us of his or her
immigration status, preferred home language, religious
suspicion that a child is being abused or neglected, we
beliefs, medical condition, disability, or the marital
shall assist that person in taking appropriate action in
status/family structure, sexual orientation, or religious
order to protect the child.
beliefs or other affiliations of their families. (Aspects of
this principle do not apply in programs that have a law- P-1.11When we become aware of a practice or situa-
ful mandate to provide services to a particular popula- tion that endangers the health, safety, or well-being of
tion of children.) children, we have an ethical responsibility to protect
children or inform parents and/or others who can.
P-1.4We shall use two-way communications to involve
all those with relevant knowledge (including families
and staff) in decisions concerning a child, as appropri-
ate, ensuring confidentiality of sensitive information. Section II
(See also P-2.4.)
P-1.5We shall use appropriate assessment systems, Ethical Responsibilities to Families
which include multiple sources of information, to
provide information on childrens learning and devel- Families* are of primary importance in childrens de-
opment. velopment. Because the family and the early childhood
practitioner have a common interest in the childs well-
P-1.6We shall strive to ensure that decisions such as
being, we acknowledge a primary responsibility to bring
those related to enrollment, retention, or assignment
about communication, cooperation, and collaboration
to special education services, will be based on mul-
between the home and early childhood program in ways
tiple sources of information and will never be based
that enhance the childs development.
on a single assessment, such as a test score or a single
observation.
Ideals
P-1.7We shall strive to build individual relationships
with each child; make individualized adaptations in I-2.1To be familiar with the knowledge base related to
teaching strategies, learning environments, and cur- working effectively with families and to stay informed
ricula; and consult with the family so that each child through continuing education and training.
benefits from the program. If after such efforts have I-2.2To develop relationships of mutual trust and cre-
been exhausted, the current placement does not meet ate partnerships with the families we serve.
a childs needs, or the child is seriously jeopardizing I-2.3To welcome all family members and encourage
the ability of other children to benefit from the pro- them to participate in the program, including involve-
gram, we shall collaborate with the childs family and ment in shared decision making.
appropriate specialists to determine the additional
services needed and/or the placement option(s) most * The term family may include those adults, besides parents, with
likely to ensure the childs success. (Aspects of this the responsibility of being involved in educating, nurturing, and
advocating for the child.

Copyright 2011 by the National Association for the Education of Young Children
NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct 4 Revised May 2011

I-2.4To listen to families, acknowledge and build upon P-2-7We shall inform families about the nature and
their strengths and competencies, and learn from purpose of the programs child assessments and how
families as we support them in their task of nurturing data about their child will be used.
children. P-2.8We shall treat child assessment information con-
I-2.5To respect the dignity and preferences of each fidentially and share this information only when there
family and to make an effort to learn about its struc- is a legitimate need for it.
ture, culture, language, customs, and beliefs to ensure P-2.9We shall inform the family of injuries and inci-
a culturally consistent environment for all children and dents involving their child, of risks such as exposures
families. to communicable diseases that might result in infec-
I-2.6To acknowledge families childrearing values and tion, and of occurrences that might result in emotional
their right to make decisions for their children. stress.
I-2.7To share information about each childs educa- P-2.10Families shall be fully informed of any proposed
tion and development with families and to help them research projects involving their children and shall
understand and appreciate the current knowledge base have the opportunity to give or withhold consent
of the early childhood profession. without penalty. We shall not permit or participate in
I-2.8To help family members enhance their under- research that could in any way hinder the education,
standing of their children, as staff are enhancing their development, or well-being of children.
understanding of each child through communications P-2.11We shall not engage in or support exploitation
with families, and support family members in the con- of families. We shall not use our relationship with a
tinuing development of their skills as parents. family for private advantage or personal gain, or enter
I-2.9To foster families efforts to build support net- into relationships with family members that might im-
works and, when needed, participate in building pair our effectiveness working with their children.
networks for families by providing them with oppor- P-2.12We shall develop written policies for the protec-
tunities to interact with program staff, other families, tion of confidentiality and the disclosure of childrens
community resources, and professional services. records. These policy documents shall be made avail-
able to all program personnel and families. Disclosure
Principles of childrens records beyond family members, program
personnel, and consultants having an obligation of
P-2.1We shall not deny family members access to their confidentiality shall require familial consent (except in
childs classroom or program setting unless access is cases of abuse or neglect).
denied by court order or other legal restriction.
P-2.13We shall maintain confidentiality and shall re-
P-2.2We shall inform families of program philosophy, spect the familys right to privacy, refraining from dis-
policies, curriculum, assessment system, cultural prac- closure of confidential information and intrusion into
tices, and personnel qualifications, and explain why we family life. However, when we have reason to believe
teach as we dowhich should be in accordance with that a childs welfare is at risk, it is permissible to share
our ethical responsibilities to children (see Section I). confidential information with agencies, as well as with
P-2.3We shall inform families of and, when appropri- individuals who have legal responsibility for interven-
ate, involve them in policy decisions. (See also I-2.3.) ing in the childs interest.
P-2.4We shall ensure that the family is involved in sig- P-2.14In cases where family members are in conflict
nificant decisions affecting their child. (See also P-1.4.) with one another, we shall work openly, sharing our
P-2.5We shall make every effort to communicate effec- observations of the child, to help all parties involved
tively with all families in a language that they under- make informed decisions. We shall refrain from becom-
stand. We shall use community resources for transla- ing an advocate for one party.
tion and interpretation when we do not have sufficient P-2.15We shall be familiar with and appropriately refer
resources in our own programs. families to community resources and professional sup-
P-2.6As families share information with us about their port services. After a referral has been made, we shall
children and families, we shall ensure that families input follow up to ensure that services have been appropri-
is an important contribution to the planning and imple- ately provided.
mentation of the program.

Copyright 2011 by the National Association for the Education of Young Children
NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct 5 Revised May 2011

P-3A.3We shall exercise care in expressing views


Section III regarding the personal attributes or professional
conduct of co-workers. Statements should be based on
Ethical Responsibilities to Colleagues firsthand knowledge, not hearsay, and relevant to the
In a caring, cooperative workplace, human dignity is re- interests of children and programs.
spected, professional satisfaction is promoted, and posi-
P-3A.4We shall not participate in practices that dis-
tive relationships are developed and sustained. Based
criminate against a co-worker because of sex, race, na-
upon our core values, our primary responsibility to
tional origin, religious beliefs or other affiliations, age,
colleagues is to establish and maintain settings and rela-
marital status/family structure, disability, or sexual
tionships that support productive work and meet profes-
orientation.
sional needs. The same ideals that apply to children also
apply as we interact with adults in the workplace. (Note:
Section III includes responsibilities to co-workers and to
employers. See the Code of Ethical Conduct: Supple- BResponsibilities to employers
ment for Early Childhood Program Administrators for
responsibilities to personnel (employees in the original Ideals
2005 Code revision), online at http://www.naeyc.org/ I-3B.1To assist the program in providing the highest
files/naeyc/file/positions/PSETH05_supp.pdf.) quality of service.
I-3B.2To do nothing that diminishes the reputation
of the program in which we work unless it is violating
AResponsibilities to co-workers laws and regulations designed to protect children or is
violating the provisions of this Code.
Ideals
Principles
I-3A.1To establish and maintain relationships of re-
spect, trust, confidentiality, collaboration, and coop- P-3B.1We shall follow all program policies. When we
eration with co-workers. do not agree with program policies, we shall attempt
I-3A.2To share resources with co-workers, collaborat- to effect change through constructive action within the
ing to ensure that the best possible early childhood organization.
care and education program is provided. P-3B.2We shall speak or act on behalf of an organiza-
I-3A.3To support co-workers in meeting their profes- tion only when authorized. We shall take care to ac-
sional needs and in their professional development. knowledge when we are speaking for the organization
I-3A.4To accord co-workers due recognition of profes- and when we are expressing a personal judgment.
sional achievement. P-3B.3We shall not violate laws or regulations de-
signed to protect children and shall take appropriate
Principles action consistent with this Code when aware of such
violations.
P-3A.1We shall recognize the contributions of col-
P-3B.4If we have concerns about a colleagues be-
leagues to our program and not participate in practices
havior, and childrens well-being is not at risk, we may
that diminish their reputations or impair their effec-
address the concern with that individual. If children
tiveness in working with children and families.
are at risk or the situation does not improve after it has
P-3A.2When we have concerns about the professional been brought to the colleagues attention, we shall re-
behavior of a co-worker, we shall first let that person port the colleagues unethical or incompetent behavior
know of our concern in a way that shows respect for to an appropriate authority.
personal dignity and for the diversity to be found
P-3B.5When we have a concern about circumstances
among staff members, and then attempt to resolve the
or conditions that impact the quality of care and
matter collegially and in a confidential manner.
education within the program, we shall inform the
programs administration or, when necessary, other
appropriate authorities.

Copyright 2011 by the National Association for the Education of Young Children
NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct 6 Revised May 2011

I-4.3To work through education, research, and advo-


Section IV
cacy toward an environmentally safe world in which
all children receive health care, food, and shelter; are
Ethical Responsibilities to Community nurtured; and live free from violence in their home and
and Society their communities.
Early childhood programs operate within the context I-4.4To work through education, research, and ad-
of their immediate community made up of families and vocacy toward a society in which all young children
other institutions concerned with childrens welfare. have access to high-quality early care and education
Our responsibilities to the community are to provide programs.
programs that meet the diverse needs of families, to I-4.5To work to ensure that appropriate assessment
cooperate with agencies and professions that share the systems, which include multiple sources of informa-
responsibility for children, to assist families in gaining tion, are used for purposes that benefit children.
access to those agencies and allied professionals, and to I-4.6To promote knowledge and understanding of
assist in the development of community programs that young children and their needs. To work toward
are needed but not currently available. greater societal acknowledgment of childrens rights
As individuals, we acknowledge our responsibility to and greater social acceptance of responsibility for the
provide the best possible programs of care and educa- well-being of all children.
tion for children and to conduct ourselves with honesty I-4.7To support policies and laws that promote the
and integrity. Because of our specialized expertise well-being of children and families, and to work to
in early childhood development and education and change those that impair their well-being. To partici-
because the larger society shares responsibility for the pate in developing policies and laws that are needed,
welfare and protection of young children, we acknowl- and to cooperate with families and other individuals
edge a collective obligation to advocate for the best and groups in these efforts.
interests of children within early childhood programs
I-4.8To further the professional development of the
and in the larger community and to serve as a voice for
field of early childhood care and education and to
young children everywhere.
strengthen its commitment to realizing its core values
The ideals and principles in this section are presented
as reflected in this Code.
to distinguish between those that pertain to the work of
the individual early childhood educator and those that
more typically are engaged in collectively on behalf of Principles (Individual)
the best interests of childrenwith the understanding P-4.1We shall communicate openly and truthfully
that individual early childhood educators have a shared about the nature and extent of services that we pro-
responsibility for addressing the ideals and principles vide.
that are identified as collective. P-4.2We shall apply for, accept, and work in positions
for which we are personally well-suited and profession-
Ideal (Individual) ally qualified. We shall not offer services that we do not
1-4.1To provide the community with high-quality early have the competence, qualifications, or resources to
childhood care and education programs and services. provide.
P-4.3We shall carefully check references and shall not
Ideals (Collective) hire or recommend for employment any person whose
competence, qualifications, or character makes him or
I-4.2To promote cooperation among professionals and
her unsuited for the position.
agencies and interdisciplinary collaboration among
professions concerned with addressing issues in the P-4.4We shall be objective and accurate in report-
health, education, and well-being of young children, ing the knowledge upon which we base our program
their families, and their early childhood educators. practices.
P-4.5We shall be knowledgeable about the appropri-
ate use of assessment strategies and instruments and
interpret results accurately to families.

Copyright 2011 by the National Association for the Education of Young Children
NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct 7 Revised May 2011

P-4.6We shall be familiar with laws and regulations Principles (Collective)


that serve to protect the children in our programs and
P-4.11When policies are enacted for purposes that do
be vigilant in ensuring that these laws and regulations
not benefit children, we have a collective responsibility
are followed.
to work to change these policies.
P-4.7When we become aware of a practice or situa-
P-4-12When we have evidence that an agency that
tion that endangers the health, safety, or well-being of
provides services intended to ensure childrens well-
children, we have an ethical responsibility to protect
being is failing to meet its obligations, we acknowledge
children or inform parents and/or others who can.
a collective ethical responsibility to report the problem
P-4.8We shall not participate in practices that are in
to appropriate authorities or to the public. We shall be
violation of laws and regulations that protect the chil-
vigilant in our follow-up until the situation is resolved.
dren in our programs.
P-4.13When a child protection agency fails to provide
P-4.9When we have evidence that an early childhood
adequate protection for abused or neglected children,
program is violating laws or regulations protecting
we acknowledge a collective ethical responsibility to
children, we shall report the violation to appropriate au-
work toward the improvement of these services.
thorities who can be expected to remedy the situation.
P-4.10When a program violates or requires its em-
ployees to violate this Code, it is permissible, after fair
assessment of the evidence, to disclose the identity of
that program.

Copyright 2011 by the National Association for the Education of Young Children
NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct 8 Revised May 2011

Glossary of Terms Related to Ethics


Code of Ethics. Defines the core values of the field and and enhances the personal morality practitioners
provides guidance for what professionals should bring to their work, that concern actions of right and
do when they encounter conflicting obligations or wrong in the workplace, and that help individuals re-
responsibilities in their work. solve moral dilemmas they encounter in their work.
Values. Qualities or principles that individuals believe Ethical Responsibilities. Behaviors that one must
to be desirable or worthwhile and that they prize for or must not engage in. Ethical responsibilities are
themselves, for others, and for the world in which clear-cut and are spelled out in the Code of Ethical
they live. Conduct (for example, early childhood educators
Core Values. Commitments held by a profession that should never share confidential information about a
are consciously and knowingly embraced by its child or family with a person who has no legitimate
practitioners because they make a contribution to need for knowing).
society. There is a difference between personal val- Ethical Dilemma. A moral conflict that involves
ues and the core values of a profession. determining appropriate conduct when an indi-
Morality. Peoples views of what is good, right, and vidual faces conflicting professional values and
proper; their beliefs about their obligations; and responsibilities.
their ideas about how they should behave.
Ethics. The study of right and wrong, or duty and Sources for glossary terms and definitions
obligation, that involves critical reflection on moral- Feeney, S., & N. Freeman. 2005. Ethics and the early childhood
ity and the ability to make choices between values educator: Using the NAEYC code. Washington, DC: NAEYC.
and the examination of the moral dimensions of Kidder, R.M. 1995. How good people make tough choices: Resolv-
relationships. ing the dilemmas of ethical living. New York: Fireside.
Kipnis, K. 1987. How to discuss professional ethics. Young Chil-
Professional Ethics. The moral commitments of a dren 42 (4): 2630.
profession that involve moral reflection that extends

The National Association for the Education of Young Chil- research or developments may change the current state
dren (NAEYC) is a nonprofit corporation, tax exempt under of knowledge. Neither NAEYC nor its officers, directors,
Section 501(c)(3) of the Internal Revenue Code, dedicated to members, employees, or agents will be liable for any loss,
acting on behalf of the needs and interests of young children. damage, or claim with respect to any liabilities, including
The NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct (Code) has been de- direct, special, indirect, or consequential damages incurred
veloped in furtherance of NAEYCs nonprofit and tax exempt in connection with the Code or reliance on the information
purposes. The information contained in the Code is intended presented.
to provide early childhood educators with guidelines for work-
ing with children from birth through age 8.
An individuals or programs use, reference to, or review
of the Code does not guarantee compliance with NAEYC NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct
Early Childhood Program Standards and Accreditation Per- 2005 Revisions Workgroup
formance Criteria and program accreditation procedures. It is
recommended that the Code be used as guidance in connec- Mary Ambery, Ruth Ann Ball, James Clay, Julie Olsen
tion with implementation of the NAEYC Program Standards, Edwards, Harriet Egertson, Anthony Fair, Stephanie
but such use is not a substitute for diligent review and appli- Feeney, Jana Fleming, Nancy Freeman, Marla Israel,
cation of the NAEYC Program Standards. Allison McKinnon, Evelyn Wright Moore, Eva Moravcik,
NAEYC has taken reasonable measures to develop the Christina Lopez Morgan, Sarah Mulligan, Nila Rinehart,
Code in a fair, reasonable, open, unbiased, and objective Betty Holston Smith, and Peter Pizzolongo, NAEYC Staff
manner, based on currently available data. However, further

Copyright 2011 by the National Association for the Education of Young Children
NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct 9 Revised May 2011

Statement of Commitment*
s an individual who works with young children, I commit myself to furthering the
A
values of early childhood education as they are reflected in the ideals and prin-
ciples of the NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct. To the best of my ability I will
Never harm children.
Ensure that programs for young children are based on current knowledge and
research of child development and early childhood education.
Respect and support families in their task of nurturing children.
Respect colleagues in early childhood care and education and support them in
maintaining the NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct.
Serve as an advocate for children, their families, and their teachers in community
and society.
Stay informed of and maintain high standards of professional conduct.
Engage in an ongoing process of self-reflection, realizing that personal characteris-
tics, biases, and beliefs have an impact on children and families.
Be open to new ideas and be willing to learn from the suggestions of others.
Continue to learn, grow, and contribute as a professional.
Honor the ideals and principles of the NAEYC Code of Ethical Conduct.

* This Statement of Commitment is not part of the Code but is a personal acknowledgment of
the individuals willingness to embrace the distinctive values and moral obligations of the field
of early childhood care and education. It is recognition of the moral obligations that lead to an
individual becoming part of the profession.

Copyright 2011 by the National Association for the Education of Young Children

You might also like