PROBLEMS

1) Given the scalar and vector potentials

= 12 + 222 = 2 3 , dose the displacement field
generated by and satisfy naviers equations, and, if so,
what is it?

2) Find the displacements and the stresses defined by the

following lame strain potentials:

= (12 22 ) + 21 2
= ( ).
3) Determine the displacements and the stresses defined by the
Galerkin vectors:

a) = 2 3
b) = 2 2 1 + 2 1 2 .

4) Find the stresses corresponding to the lame strain potential

= ( + 3 ). What is the problem to which this potential
furnish- es a solution [1]?

5) Show that the solution of boussinesq,s problem can be

obtained through a combination of a Galerkin vector = 3
and a lame strain potential = ( + 3 ). Show that =
(1 2) and = 2 .

6. what are the stresses corresponding to the following airy

stress functions:
2
= 1 + 1 2 + 22
2 2
3 2
= 1 + 1 2 + 1 22 + 23
6 2 2 6
 X2

b
B C

O
A
X1

7.A thin square plate whose sides are parallel to the 1 and
2 axes (fig. 9.6) has in it stresses described by 11 =
2 , 22 = 1 , and possibly some shearing stresses 12 . is a
constant.

a) Find the stress function by associated with the given 11

and 22 .
b) Obtain the strains and. By integration deduce the
expressions of the displacements 1 and 2 .
c) Find the extension of the diagonal .

8. Show that the stress function

2
= [(12 + 22 ) 1 1 2 ]
1
Provides the solution to the problem of the semi-infinite elastic
medium acted upon by a uniform pressure on one side of the
origin (fig. 9.7).
9. Investigate what problem of plane strain is solved by the
stress function = .

10. Investigate the expression = 3 as a possible

stress function.

x1
0 =tan-1 x2/x1

x2

Problem 1

= 12 + 222 , 2 = 6, ( 2 ) = 0

= (12 + 22 + 32 )3 , 2 = 63

2 = 0
. (9.4.7) is satisfied.

= +

= (21 1 + 42 2 ) + 22 1 21 2

= (21 + 22 )1 + (42 21 )2
Problem 2

= (12 22 ) + 21 2

2 =
1
1 = (1 + 2 )

1
2 = (2 + 1 )

3 = 0
2
11 = 2 = 2 13 = 0
1

2
22 = 2 = 2 23 = 0
2

2
12 = = 2 33 = 0
1 2
=
4 1 1
= = 1
3 2 2
1 1
=
2
=0
2
= 2 = ( 1) 2

1 1 2
= +
2 2
 = ( 1) 2
= 0
= ( 1) 2
= = 0

Problem 3

= 2 3 = (12 + 22 + 32 )3

2 = 2(1 )3 2 (12 + 22 + 32 )

(12 + 22 + 32 )
3
1 = 2 = 0

3 = (5 6 )

11 = 22 = 33 = 12 = 13 = 23 = 0

= 2 2 1 + 2 1 2
Eq. (9.5.1) yields

1 = {(1 )10 2}

3 = 0
11 = 22 = 33 = 13 = 23 = 0
12 = 0
Problem 4
 = ( + 3 )
The solution of this problem is presented in great detail on page
108 of "theory of Elasticity and plasticity" by westergaard. See
ref.1 in the text boor

Problem 5

Gale rain vector = 3

Lame strain potential = ( + 3 )

= 2(1 ) 2 (. ) + .
By super position: 2
2
2 = 3 , (. )

1 3 2 3 (2 32 )
= 3
1 3
2 + 3
3

1 2
= 1 + 2 + 3
( + 3 ) ( + 3 )
1 1 3 1
1 = [ + ]
2 3 (+3 )

1 2 3 2
2 = [ 3 + ]
2 ( + 3 )

1 4(1 ) + (2 32 )
3 = [ ]
2 3

Problem 6
 d) 11 = , 22 = , 12 =
e) 11 = 1 + 2 , 22 = 1 + 2 , 12 = 1
2

Problem 7

2 23
11 = 2 = 2 = + 2 1(1 ) + 2(1 ) 1
6
2 13
22 = 2 = 1 = + 1 3 (2 ) + 4 (2 ) 2
1 6
2 2
From 1 = 1 (1 ) . from 2 = 3 (2 ).
1 2 1 2

11 (1 ) = 31 (2 ) = , 1 = 1 + 3
= 2+.
Equating 1 and 2 and substituting in them the values of
1 3 , we get: 4 = 23 6 + 2 . Thus

23 13
= + + 1 2 + 1 + 2
6 6
Since the terms of the second order are the only ones to be
used in the stress function,

13 23
= + + 1 2
6 6
2
The most general shear is =
1 2

1 2
11 = = ( 1 ) , 22 = = (1 2 )
1 2 2
 12
1 = (1 2 ) + 3 (2 ),
2
22
2 = (1 ) + 4 (1 )
2
1 2
212 = ( + ) = 2 + 31 (2 ) + 1 + 41 (1 )
2 1

=

22 12
3 (2 ) = + 2 + , 4 (1 ) = + 1 +
2 2
12 22
1 = [1 2 + ] + 2 + .
2 2

22 12
2 = [1 2 ] + 1 +
2 2

Boundary Conditions
1. At 1 = 2 = = =

2. Symmetry: for1 = 2 , 1 = 2 =
2

12 22 2
1 = [1 2 + ]
2 2 2

22 12 1
2 = [1 2 + ]
2 2 2

Extension of oc
1 1
The direction cosines of oc are ( , ).
2 2
11 +22
= with 1 = 2 .
2 2
 2
= (1 )
2

The elongation of oc =0 [ 2 (1 ) ] 22
2

2
= (1 )
2 2

Problem 8

2 2
11 = 2 = (20 + 2 ), 22 = 2
2 1
= (2 2 ) , 12 = (1 2)
Boundary conditions: away from the origin (discontinuity)

For = and 2 = 0 and 1 > 0 11 = 22 = 12 = 0

For = and 2 = 0 and 1 < 0 12 = 0 and 22 =

9
= 2.

There the given stress function with = 2 provides the

solution of the given problem.

Problem 9

=
 1 1 2 2
= + 2 2=

= = = = 0
2
=

Refer to sec. 14-13. This provides the solution to the wedge
problem.

Problem 10

= 3 . This satisfies the harmonic equation: there

fore it provides the solution to an elasticity problem
4 3

= 3
+ 3
2

2
= 3
3


= 3 2