Tourism concepts The tourism society…

Introduction to
tourism Tourism is deemed to include any
Tourism
Concepts

activity concerned with temporary short

Dr. Nimit Chowdhary
term movement of people to
Professor
destinations outside the places where
Indian Institute of Tourism and Travel
they normally live and work, and their
Management
activities during the stay at these
Indian
destinations. Institute of
Tourism and
Travel
Management

September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 2

Visitor demand Visitor- the Consumer

International Who are residents of countries other
than that being visited and travel for Tourism Tourism

visitors tourism purposes. Inbound tourism

Concepts Concepts

Visitor
International Who are residents of a country
visiting other countries and travel for
visitors tourism purposes. Outbound tourism
Tourist Excursionists
Residents Visiting destinations within their own
country’s boundaries who travel for Indian
Institute of
Indian
Institute of
tourism purposes. Domestic tourism Tourism and
Travel
Tourism and
Travel
Management Management

September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 3 September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 4

Tourist Excursionists
A visitor staying more than 24 hours in a
Are classed as temporary visitors staying
country and making an overnight stay Tourism Tourism
Concepts less than 24 hours, including cruise Concepts

for any of the following reasons: travelers but excluding travelers in transit.

z Business z Health z Recreation

z Congress z Holiday z Religion
z Convention z Leisure z Sport
z Family z Meeting z Study Indian Indian
Institute of Institute of
z Friends z Mission z Vacation Tourism and
Travel
Tourism and
Travel
Management Management

September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 5 September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 6

1
Tourism! Tourism- a process
z Experimental z A combination of tangible and intangible
Tourism Tourism

z Ephemeral Concepts tourism products Concepts

z Experiential z Scope of these products

z Edutainment z Attraction
z Access
z Amenities
z Organized as a seamless supply chain
Indian Indian
Institute of Institute of
Tourism and Tourism and
Travel Travel
Management Management

September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 7 September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 8

Tourism- a supply chain Tourism- a supply chain

z Providers need to be effective with z Tourism Suppliers
Tourism Tourism
tourism products along tourism supply Concepts is a business such as attraction, hotel or other Concepts

chain type of accommodation, restaurant,

transportation company, tour wholesaler, travel
z Efficient with products agency etc.
z Creativity in combining products and delivery z Tourism Products
z Technology leverage z Tangibles- furnishings in a hotel, food served
z Supply Chain in a restaurant, etc,
z Suppliers Indian z Intangibles- atmosphere at a resort, service Indian
Institute of Institute of
Tourism and provided by an airlines Tourism and
z Tourism Products Travel
Management
Travel
Management

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Working definition of travel

and tourism Understanding this definition
1. Visitor activity is concerned only with
Tourism comprises the activities of Tourism
Concepts aspects of life outside normal routines
Tourism
Concepts

traveling to and staying in places outside of work and social commitments, and
their usual environment for not more than outside the location of those routines.
one consecutive year for leisure, business
and other purposes. 2. The activity necessitates travel and, in
nearly every case, some form of
WTO, 1992- subsequently ratified by the UN
transport to the destination.
Statistical Commission Indian Indian
Institute of Institute of
Tourism and Tourism and
Travel Travel
Management Management

September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 11 September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 12

2
 5 characteristics of this
Understanding this definition definition
3. Specific destinations are the focus for a 1. There is nothing that restricts the total
Tourism Tourism
range of activities and a range of Concepts market to overnight stays; it includes Concepts

facilities required to support those same day visits.

activities. 2. There is nothing in it that restricts the
4. Such activities and facilities have a total market to travel for leisure or
combination of economic, social and pleasure. It includes travel for business,
physical environmental effects that are social, religious, educational, sports,
the basis for tourism policy and visitor Indian
Institute of
and most other purposes. Indian
Institute of

management programmes. Tourism and

Travel
Tourism and
Travel
Management Management

September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 13 September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 14

5 characteristics of this 5 characteristics of this

definition definition
3. All tourism includes an element of 4. Travel and tourism absorbs large
Tourism Tourism
travel but all travel is not tourism. The Concepts
elements of individual leisure time and Concepts

definition excludes all routine commuter encompasses many recreational

travel and purely local travel such as to activities, but it is not synonymous with
neighbourhood shops, schools or either because bulk of all leisure and
hospitals, etc. recreation takes place in or around
home.
Indian Indian
Institute of Institute of
Tourism and Tourism and
Travel Travel
Management Management

September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 15 September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 16

5 characteristics of this
definition How tourism industry works
5. All travel and tourism trips are Regulatory framework
Tourism Tourism
temporary movements; the bulk of the Concepts Concepts

total market comprises trips of no more

DEMAND SUPPLY
than a few hours’ or nights’ duration. Influences Domestic and Tourist Tourism
TRAVEL
on demand international destinations impacts
tourists and facilities

Tourism intermediaries
Indian Indian
Institute of Institute of
Tourism and Tourism and
Travel Travel
Management Management

September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 17 September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 18

3
Systematic International tourism industry
link
between structure
demand
and supply
Tourism Tourism
Concepts Concepts

Indian Indian
Institute of Institute of
Tourism and Tourism and
Travel Travel
Management Management

September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 19 September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 20

Accommodation sector Attraction sector

Understanding tourism Hotels/ motels
Guest houses/ B & B
Theme parks
Museums and galleries
industry Farm houses
Apartments/ flats/ villas/ cottages
National parks
Wildlife parks
Condominiums/ time share resorts Gardens
Vacation villages/ holiday centres Heritage sites and centres
z Demand generators z Other players Conference/ exhibition centres Sports/ activity centres
Tourism Static and touring caravans/ camping sites Themed retail/ leisure/ entertainment centres Tourism
z Suppliers z International agencies Concepts
Marinas Festivals and events Concepts

z Attraction z Public sector Transport sector

z Amenities z Trade associations Airlines Main sectors of
Shipping lines/ ferries
(accommodation) z Multinational Railways
the travel and
z Access (transport) corporations Bus/ coach operators tourism industry
Car rental operators
z Intermediaries Travel organizer's sector Destination organization sector
Scope of Tour operators National tourist offices (NTOs)
z Tour operators Tour wholesalers/ brokers Destination marketing organizations (DMOs)
z Travel agents this course Indian Retail travel agents Regional/ state tourist offices Indian
I-105 Institute of Conference organizers Local tourist offices Institute of
Tourism and Booking agencies (e.g. accommodation) Tourist associations Tourism and
Travel Travel
Management Incentive travel organizers Management

September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 21 September 17, 2007 (C) Prof. Nimit Chowdhary @IITTM 22