EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE

Table 1.Parameters depend on literature

Amount Amount Drying

Amount Acid/Amount TC(Gelling TC(Drying TC(Heating
of of Time REF
of Water of Acid Temperature) Temperature) Temperature)
Starch Glycerol (hour)

Chlorogenic
5wt% 93.5wt% 1.5wt% 96.5 50 48 100 (1)
A./10 mL
50wt% 15wt% 35wt% 100 168 (2)
Citric A./0.5
5 gram 100 mL 2 mL 60 24 75 (3)
gram
Acetic A./%1
5wt% 94.25 wt% 0.75wt% 60 48 95 (4)
wt%
40 gram 145 gram 9 gram 70.6 35 24 90 (5)

Table 2. Determinated Experimental Set-Up

Amount
Amont
Amount of Amount of Drying
Set of TC(Drying TC(Heating
of Water Glycerol Acetic Acid Time
Number Starch Temperature) Temperature)
(mL) (mL) (mL) (hour)
(gram)

1 3 60 60 24 95

2 3 60 1.25 60 24 95

3 3 60 1.25 30 60 24 95

4 3 60 2 30 60 24 95

5 3 60 0.75 30 60 24 95

6 60 1.25 20 60 24 95
3

7 3 60 1.25 40 60 24 95

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Figure 1.Experimental Set-up

1) In determined sets,amount of starch,acid and glycerol are weighed.When

mixture is prepared,water,acedic acid and glycerol are added after starch.
2) The prepared mixtures are heated at 95C and stirred to gelling.
3) NaOH is added to mixture.pH of mixture is adjusted at regular intervals to obtain
neutral films
4) The gelling mixtures are dried in drying-oven at 60C during 24 hour.
5) After one day,the films are analysed in FTIR.

2
REFERENCES

1. Active and smart biodegradable packaging based on starch and natural extracts.
Carolina Medina-Jaramillo, Oswaldo Ochoa-Yepesa, Celina Bernal, Luca Fama.
Argentina : 2017.
2. Preparation and characterization of biodegradable poly-3-hydroxybutyratestarch
blend films. Godbole, S. India 2002.
3. Physicochemical properties of starchCMCnanoclay biodegradable films.
Entezami, Ali A. Iran, 2010.
4. Properties of wheat starch film-forming dispersions and films as affected by chitosan
addition. L. Atars, M. Vargas, A. Chiralt. Spain : 2013.
5. Starch content affects physicochemical properties of corn and cassava starch based
films. Cludia Leites Luchese, Jordana Corralo Spada, Isabel Cristina Tessaro
Brazil , 2017.
6. Kiesnowski, David E. Bugay, W. Paul Findlay, Chris Rodriguez. Infrared
Spectroscopy. Starch. 1996.

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APPENDIX

Figure 2.A Sample of FTIR Spectra According To Different Starch (6)

4
Figure 3. Diffuse Reflectance IR Spectral Assignments (6)