Structural Analysis and Design Report

For
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Contents
1. Project Detail .......................................................................................... 3
1.2 Building Design Parameters ........................................................................................ 4
1.3 Materials ...................................................................................................................... 4
1.3.1 Concrete................................................................................................................ 4
1.3.2 Reinforcement ...................................................................................................... 4
1.4 Load Calculations ........................................................................................................ 5
1.4.1 Dead Load ............................................................................................................ 5
1.4.2 Superimposed Dead Loads ................................................................................... 5
1.4.3 Live Loads ............................................................................................................ 5
1.4.4 Seismic Loads....................................................................................................... 6
1.5 Load Combination ....................................................................................................... 8
2. Structural Analysis................................................................................. 9
2.1 3D modeling of the building ...................................................................................... 10
3. Design of Elements: .............................................................................. 15
3.1.1 Sample design of Column .................................................................................. 16
3.1.2 Sample design of Beam ...................................................................................... 17
3.1.3 Design of Shear Wall ......................................................................................... 21
3.1.4 Sample Design of Footing .................................................................................. 24
3.1.5 Design of Staircase ............................................................................................. 29
3.1.6 Slab Design......................................................................................................... 33

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Figure 1: Architectural Plan Of Building ................................................................................................. 3

Figure 2: 3D Modeling of the building .................................................................................................. 10
Figure 3: Plan of the building ................................................................................................................ 10
Figure 4: Elevation of the building ........................................................................................................ 10
Figure 5: Story Displacement along X-Direction .................................................................................. 13
Figure 6: Story Displacement along Y-Direction .................................................................................. 13
Figure 7: Story Drift along X-Direction ................................................................................................ 14
Figure 8: Story Drift along Y-Direction ................................................................................................ 14
Figure 9:Bending Moment along grid 5-5 ............................................................................................. 15
Figure 10: Shear Force Diagram along Grid 5-5 ................................................................................... 15
Figure 11: Reinforcement from ETABS ................................................................................................ 15
Figure 12: Reinforcement from ETABS ................................................................................................ 15
Figure 13: Elevation of the building showing Earth Pressure................................................................ 21
Figure 14: Pier Longitudinal Reinforcing Areas FOR GRID F-F ......................................................... 22
Figure 15: Spandrel Longitudinal Reinforcing Areas ............................................................................ 23

Table 1: Auto Seismic - IS 1893:2002 ..................................................................................................... 7

Table 2: Modal Participating Mass Ratios: ............................................................................................ 11
Table 3: Centers of Mass and Rigidity................................................................................................... 12
Table 4: Base Shear Calculated ............................................................................................................. 12

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1. Project Detail

Name of the Project: .

Location : .

Type of Building: The Building covers a total plinth area of ..sq.m. The
building has been designed for numbers of storeys.

This report has been prepared as a part of the structural engineering analysis and design
of buildings.

Figure 1: Architectural Plan Of Building

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1.2 Building Design Parameters

The building consists of a RCC framed structure, which is essentially an assembly of cast-in-
situ-concrete beams and columns. Floors and roof consists of cast-in-place concrete slabs.
Lateral load resisting system consists of bare frame elements only and the system has been
designed to meet the ductility requirements of IS 13920 - 1993.

For the design of the building, the Indian Standard criteria for earthquake resistant IS 1893:2002
have been referred to. According to the IS 1893 2002 Code, Kathmandu lies in seismic Zone
V which is the most severe seismic zone. All other factors related with the seismic design were
also adopted as for zone V of IS 1893 2002.

1.3 Materials
Following loads have been considered for the analysis and design of the building based on the
relevant Indian Standards.

1.3.1 Concrete
Concrete is to conform to IS 456: Structural use of concrete. Unless noted otherwise
concrete is to be normal-weight, with a typical dry density of 2400 kg/m3. Concrete is to
achieve the 28-day cube strength as 20 N/mm2and 25 N/mm2.

1.3.2 Reinforcement
Reinforcement bars are to be in accordance with IS 456: specification for carbon
steel bars for the reinforcement of concrete is to be in accordance with IS 1786:
specification for high deformed steel bars for the reinforcement of concrete.

The following design strengths are to be used for the design of concrete and
reinforcement.

Grade of Concrete : M25 for all columns and M20 for all other
Grade of steel : High Yield Fe 500 N/mm2

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1.4 Load Calculations

1.4.1 Dead Load
Dead loads are calculated on the basis of unit weights of the specified construction
materials in accordance with IS 875.
Reinforced concrete: 25 KN / m3 and 20KN/m3
Brick work with plaster: 18.85 KN/m3
Sand/ cement screed: 20 KN/m2

1.4.2 Superimposed Dead Loads

Based on architectural drawing of the building, dead loads due to partition walls ,
floor finish and other special purpose services has been calculated.

Wall load calculation

Unit weight
kN/m3 Wall thickness(m) Eff. floor height 100% 80% 70% 60%
19.2 0.23 2.90 12.81 10.25 8.96 7.7
19.2 0.115 2.90 6.40 5.12 4.48 3.84

1.4.3 Live Loads

The Live Load for building has been adopted as given IS 875 - Part VI Section I
Loads for business and office buildings.

Shop 4 m2

For passage, staircase, balconies 4 kN/m2

For terrace 1.5 kN / m2

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1.4.4 Seismic Loads

Lateral Seismic Load is computed as per IS1893:2002.

The design base shear is computed as follows:

VB = Ah * W

W=Seismic weight of the building

Ah=Z*I* (Sa/g) / (2*R)

Where,

Z = Zone factor = 0.36

I = Importance factor =1

R = Response reduction factor =5

Sa/g = Average response acceleration coef. based on nature period and

damping of structure and soil condition at the site.

All symbols and notations in the above equation are as IS 1893: 1984.

ETABS utilizes the following procedure to generate the lateral seismic loads.
User provides seismic zone co-efficient and desired seismic load command.
The structural period (T) is calculated manually and input in the software.
W is obtained from the weight data provided by the user.

The total lateral seismic load (base shear) is then distributed by the program
among different levels of the structure

Load parameter
a. Dead Load :- as per IS 875
b. Live Load :- as per IS 875
c. Seismic Load: -as per IS1893:2002.
1. Zone Factor :-0.36 for Kathmandu
2. Fundamental Time Period =0.075*h^0.75 =0.6334sec
3. Response Reduction Factor :-5
4. Soil Type : II
5. Damping :-0.05

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Method of analysis : Response Spectrum Method of Analysis

Load combination: IS1893(Part1) :2000
Concrete design Code : IS 456 : 2000
Ductile Detailing Code: IS 13920: 1993
Calculation for Scale Factor

Static base shear Veqx= 2167.884

Dyanimic Base Shear Vu1= 1156.853
Scale Factor = 1.87395

Static base shear Veqy= 2167.884

Dyanimic Base Shear Vu2= 1353.261
Scale Factor = 1.60197

Table 1: Auto Seismic - IS 1893:2002

Load Pattern Ecc User T Z Soil Type I R Coeff Used Weight Used Base Shear
% sec kN kN
EQX 5 0.633 0.36 II 1 5 0.077292 28048.0226 2167.8841
EQY 5 0.633 0.36 II 1 5 0.077292 28048.0226 2167.8841

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1.5 Load Combination

The load combination has been taken as given IS 1893: 2002. The said code has recommended
the following load combination

1.5 (DL + LL )
1.2(DL + LL RSP)
0.9DL 1.5RSP
1.5(DL RSP)

Design Assumptions
Concrete Grade, M25 fck = 25 MPa for column and landing beam
Concrete Grade, M20 fck = 20 MPa for other member
Steel Grade, Fe 500 fy = 500 MPa for all

The concrete has been designed using limit state method based on IS 456 2000. The detailing
of reinforcement has been based on IS 13920 1993 and where required Uniform Building Code
of USA has been also referred to for detailing of reinforcement.
The design has been based on the most critical load combination mentioned above.

For the above loads and load combinations, the design of beams and columns is carried out by
the ETABS.

Response Spectrum Method of Analysis was performed using IS 1893:2002 code. The design
base shear was compared with base shear computed using fundamental period.

Mass Source
Load Multiplier
DEAD 1
LIVE 0.5
WALL 1
FINISH 1
RLL 0.25
PWL 1
STAIR 1
WT 1

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2. Structural Analysis

The analysis and design have been carried out using software called ETABS v16.0.2, which is
a special purpose computer program developed specifically for building structures. It provides
the Structural Engineer with all the tools necessary to create, modify, analyze, design, and
optimize the structural elements in a building model. The building geometry based on
architectural drawings been generated using above named software. The dead load, live load
and lateral loads were supplied to the digital models as per standard code of practices. Several
analysis run were performed to achieve the best result to meet the design and service
requirements.

For the analysis, following loading parameters were considered:

i. Self-weight of the frames and slabs

ii. Floor finishing dead loads

iii. Fixed wall loads as per architectural drawings

iv. Staircase load

v. Partition wall loads as per architectural drawings only.

vi. Live loads

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2.1 3D modeling of the building

i. 3D model of the building
ii. Plan of the building
iii. Elevation of the building

Figure 2: 3D Modeling of the building

Figure 3: Plan of the building

Figure 4: Elevation of the building

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Table 2: Modal Participating Mass Ratios:

Sum Sum
Case Mode Period UX UY UX UY
sec
Modal 1 0.705 0.3301 0.0354 0.3301 0.0354
Modal 2 0.668 0.0044 0.538 0.3345 0.5734
Modal 3 0.61 0.2959 0.0712 0.6305 0.6446
Modal 4 0.254 0.052 0.0077 0.6825 0.6523
Modal 5 0.247 0.0003 0.087 0.6828 0.7393
Modal 6 0.227 0.0357 0.0116 0.7185 0.7509
Modal 7 0.158 0.0138 0.0054 0.7323 0.7562
Modal 8 0.153 0.0009 0.0135 0.7332 0.7698
Modal 9 0.143 0.0181 0.000007028 0.7513 0.7698
Modal 10 0.134 0.0004 0.0309 0.7517 0.8006
Modal 11 0.132 0 0.00002759 0.7517 0.8007
Modal 12 0.128 0.0118 0.0043 0.7636 0.805
Modal 13 0.124 0.0002 0 0.7638 0.805
Modal 14 0.11 0.0101 0.0002 0.7739 0.8051
Modal 15 0.107 0.0017 0.000003191 0.7756 0.8051
Modal 16 0.107 0.00001294 0.00003728 0.7756 0.8052
Modal 17 0.105 0.0000329 0.008 0.7756 0.8132
Modal 18 0.097 0.0003 0.0002 0.7759 0.8134
Modal 19 0.091 0.0067 0.0004 0.7826 0.8138
Modal 20 0.088 0.0009 0.0126 0.7836 0.8264
Modal 21 0.08 0.0062 0.0012 0.7897 0.8276
Modal 22 0.048 0.0002 0.163 0.7899 0.9906
Modal 23 0.029 0.00001145 0.000001226 0.7899 0.9906
Modal 24 0.027 0.0002 0.0082 0.7901 0.9988
Modal 25 0.024 0.0623 0.0001 0.8524 0.9988
Modal 26 0.024 0.0016 0.00001177 0.854 0.9989
Modal 27 0.024 0.0495 0.00003585 0.9035 0.9989
Modal 28 0.023 0.072 0.00004143 0.9755 0.9989
Modal 29 0.022 0.0097 0.000002346 0.9852 0.9989
Modal 30 0.022 0.0104 0 0.9956 0.9989

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Table 3: Centers of Mass and Rigidity

Story Diaphragm Mass X Mass Y XCCM YCCM XCR YCR

kg kg m m m m
GF D1 386205.51 386205.51 16.9509 10.5225 12.1451 10.4703
1F D2 309435.88 309435.88 17.1338 10.0974 17.2862 12.0981
2F D3 296587.35 296587.35 17.1297 10.4437 17.1882 11.9068
3F D4 326719.74 326719.74 17.5331 10.4485 17.1336 11.8534
4F D5 190264.22 190264.22 16.9097 11.1342 17.1441 11.7773
TOP D6 16822.37 16822.37 17 14.063 17.0249 13.7707

Table 4: Base Shear Calculated

Load
Story Case/Combo Location VX VY T MX MY
kN kN kN-m kN-m kN-m
TOP U1 Max Top 210.3114 59.795 3935.3381 0 0
TOP U1 Max Bottom 210.3114 59.795 3935.3381 197.3235 694.0276
TOP U2 Max Top 58.4944 205.2486 3371.9698 0 0
TOP U2 Max Bottom 58.4944 205.2486 3371.9698 677.3203 193.0315
4F U1 Max Top 878.1797 253.4919 14691.1411 197.3235 694.0276
4F U1 Max Bottom 896.5295 259.6787 15044.6422 1219.7815 4192.7822
4F U2 Max Top 229.4075 887.0272 14115.7632 677.3203 193.0315
4F U2 Max Bottom 235.2935 904.6449 14412.8953 4226.9324 1111.6794
3F U1 Max Top 1514.5255 464.8613 25553.8715 1219.7815 4192.7822
3F U1 Max Bottom 1528.4404 469.4902 25818.6787 2728.0209 9069.0889
3F U2 Max Top 403.4053 1501.1112 24266.4831 4226.9324 1111.6794
3F U2 Max Bottom 407.8982 1514.0123 24482.3766 9052.659 2415.1396
2F U1 Max Top 1942.5129 595.6064 32428.9422 2728.0209 9069.0889
2F U1 Max Bottom 1950.9875 598.6164 32597.0007 4659.7586 15302.8761
2F U2 Max Top 518.5574 1921.3459 31009.47 9052.659 2415.1396
2F U2 Max Bottom 521.3218 1929.5123 31144.5321 15199.0747 4087.8154
1F U1 Max Top 2166.4776 664.5763 35673.3075 4659.7586 15302.8761
1F U1 Max Bottom 2167.8883 665.548 35710.4106 6811.1655 22243.6889
1F U2 Max Top 575.8484 2165.7951 34886.7128 15199.0747 4087.8154
1F U2 Max Bottom 576.2772 2167.8839 34921.0876 22113.6575 5943.951
GF U1 Max Top 2156.7843 654.0413 36127.9916 6767.6879 22067.5788
GF U1 Max Bottom 2158.4386 654.0813 36150.954 8898.8064 28922.9392
GF U2 Max Top 567.8163 2165.232 35216.5414 21959.4986 6047.3662

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GF U2 Max Bottom 567.811 2166.1136 35235.5658 28834.0732 7894.4103

Figure 5: Story Displacement along X-Direction

Figure 6: Story Displacement along Y-Direction

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Figure 7: Story Drift along X-Direction

Figure 8: Story Drift along Y-Direction

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Figure 9:Bending Moment along grid 5-5

Figure 10: Shear Force Diagram along Grid 5-5

3. Design of Elements:
The design of all structural elements is done using Limit State Method. All relevant Limit
State is considered in design to ensure adequate safety and serviceability.
The design includes design for durability, construction and use in service should be considered
as a whole. The realization of design objectives requires compliance with clearly defined
standards for materials, production, workmanship, and also maintenance and use of structure in
service.
This section includes all the design process of sample calculation for a single element as
column, beam, slab and foundation.

Figure 11: Reinforcement from ETABS

Figure 12: Reinforcement from ETABS

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3.1.1 Sample design of Column

Column Design
Combo ID 0.9DL+1.5U2
Element 1F C6 400*400
Axial Force Pu = 198.320 KN
Factored Moment about x-axis Mux = 146.530 KN-m
Factored Moment about y-axis Muy = 27.220 KN-m
Breadth b= 400.000 mm
Depth D= 400.000 mm

Grade of concrete fck = 25.000 N/mm2

Grade of reinforcement fy = 500.000 N/mm2

Cover considered d' = 40.000 mm
d'/D 0.100
Percentage of steel Pt = 2.355 %
Pt/fck = 0.094
Pu/(fck*b*D) = 0.050
From graph of SP16, Mu/(fck*b*D^2 ) 0.150
Moment carrying capacity of Column
Along X-axis (Mux1) = (Mu/fckbD^2)*(fck*b*D^2) 240.000 KN-m
Along Y-axis (Muy1)= (Mu/fck*b*D^2)* (fck*D*b^2) 240.000 KN-m

Gross Area (Ac) = 160,000.000 mm2

Area of steel Provided 3,768.00 mm2
Axial Load Carrying capacity of Column
(Pz)=0.45*fck*Ac+0.75*fy*Asc 3,213.000 KN
Pu/Pz 0.062
Mux/Mux1 0.611
Muy/Muy1 0.113
=1+((Pu/Pz-0.2)/(0.8-0.2))*1 0.770
(Mux/Mux1) ^ + (Muy/Muy1) ^ 0.871 <1
SAFE
Area of reinforcement required(As) 3,768.000 mm2

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3.1.2 Sample design of Beam

Beam Design
Along grid D-5-6 1F
Breadth b= 300.000 mm
Depth D= 400.000 mm
Grade of concrete fck = 20.000 N/mm2
Grade of reinforcement fy = 500.000 N/mm2
Cover considered d' = 35.000 mm
d'/d= 0.088
effective depth d= 365.000
Limiting bending moment (Mlim)=0.133*fck*b*d^2 106.31 KN-m

Moment at left end (Mu) 1.5(DL+U1) 94.9 KN-m

Minimum tension steel= 0.85*b*d/fy 186.15 mm2
Mu<Mlim
Mu= 0.87*fy*Ast*(d-(fy*Ast)/(fck*b)
a 0.03
b -375.00

Ast= 606.27 mm2

Area of steel from software= 674.00 mm2

Moment at mid span 1.2(DL+LL+U1) 42.63

Minimum tension steel= 0.85*b*d/fy 186.15 mm2
Mu<Mlim
Mu= 0.87*fy*Ast*(d-(fy*Ast)/(fck*b)
a 0.03
b -375.00

Ast= 266.05 mm2

Area of steel from software= 281.00 mm2

Moment at right end (Mu) 1.5(DL+U1) 104.82 KN-m

Minimum tension steel= 0.85*b*d/fy 186.15 mm2
Mu<Mlim
Mu= 0.87*fy*Ast*(d-(fy*Ast)/(fck*b)
a 0.03
b -375.00

Ast= 672.75 mm2

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Area of steel from software= 736.00 mm2

Design of Shear reinforcements

Top reinforcement = 3-16+2-16 dia = 1005.31 mm2
Bottom reinforcement = 3-16 dia = 603.19 mm2
Shear force at the section = 131.23 KN

Percentage of steel = 0.55%

For M20 concrete,
tc = 0.528 N/mm2
tv = 1.198 N/mm2
tus = 0.67 N/mm2
Asv = 100.53 mm2
Dia of shear reinforcement = 8 mm
Legs that can be provided = 2
Spacing of stirrups required = 217.47 mm
Spacing of stirrups provided = 100/150 mm

Check for Deflection for Beam at Grid C (3-5) and D (3-5) at 4F

Span of Beam (L) = 9000m
Effective depth of beam (d) = 565mm
Actual L/d ratio = 9000/565 = 15.93
Permissible L/d ratio for continuous Beam = 26
Since Actual L/d ratio > Permissible L/d ratio so beam is safe in deflection

Also maximum deflection obtained from model =11.2mm which is < 20mm or Span/250 = 9000/350 =
25.71mm
hence it is safe in deflection

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Check for Strong Column weak Beam

IITK-GSDMA
Proposed draft provisions & commentry on ductile detailingof RC structures
subjected to seismic forces, C7.1.2
Mc >= 1.1*Mb
where Mc = sum of the moment of resistance of the columns
Mb = sum of the moment of resistance of beams along each
principal plane of the joint
Check capacity of column 2F at 9C

Column details
B= 400 mm
D= 400 mm
fck = 25 MPa
fy = 500 MPa
Factored axial load on column (Pu) = 371.000 KN
(taken from ETABS model for load case 0.9DL+1.5U1
Pu/(fck bD) = 0.09
Area of steel provided (Ast) = 5176 mm2
Percentage of steel (Pt) = 3.235%
Pt/ fck = 0.129
d' = 52.5
d'/d = 0.13125
From Sp-16, chart 48, 49
Mu/(fck bD2) = 0.2
Mu = 320 KNm
Mc = 640 KNm

Along y-direction
For beam along 9B-9D
B= 300 mm
D= 400 mm
fck = 20 MPa
fy = 500 MPa
d' = 35 mm
d= 365 mm
d'/d = 0.096
Area of steel provided
Ast = 5-16dia= 1005 mm2

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Asc = 3-16dia+2-12dia= 829 mm2

Percentage of steel provided
Pt = 0.92% for tensile
Pc = 0.76% for compression
From table 54 of SP16
For Hogging moment: Mu/bd2 = 3.3
Hogging moment = 131.890 KNm
For Sagging moment: Mu/bd2 = 5.4
Sagging moment = 215.820 KNm
1.1*Mb= [1.1*(131.89 + 215.82)]= 382.481 KNm
Here we get
Mc> 1.1*Mb
Hence the check is satisfied along Y-direction

Along X-direction
For beam along 8C-10C
B= 300 mm
D= 400 mm
fck = 20 MPa
fy = 500 MPa
d' = 35 mm
d= 365 mm
d'/d = 0.096
Area of steel provided
Ast = 3-16dia+2-12dia= 829 mm2
Asc = 3-16dia= 603 mm2
Percentage of steel provided
Pt = 0.76% for tensile
Pc = 0.55% for compression
From table 54 of SP16
For Hogging moment: Mu/bd2 = 2.7
Hogging moment = 107.910 KNm
For Sagging moment: Mu/bd2 = 4.7
Sagging moment = 187.850 KNm
1.1*Mb= [1.1*(107.91 + 187.85)]
325.336 KNm
Here we get Mc> 1.1*Mb
Hence the check is satisfied along Y-direction

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3.1.3 Design of Shear Wall

Figure 13: Elevation of the building showing Earth Pressure

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Figure 14: Pier Longitudinal Reinforcing Areas FOR GRID F-F

Length of Shear Wall = 5000 mm

Width of Shear Wall = 230 mm
Required Reinforcement = 3594 mm^2
Reinforcement at one face = 1797 mm^2
Bar used = 12 mm
Nof of bar required = 16
Required spacing = 313
Provided Spacing = 140
Percentage of rebar = 0.702
Provide 12 mm bar @ 140 mm c/c

Length of Shear Wall = 1672 mm

Width of Shear Wall = 230 mm
Required Reinforcement = 7636 mm^2
Reinforcement at one face = 3818 mm^2
Bar used = 20 mm
Nof of bar required = 13
Required spacing = 129
Provided Spacing = 125
Percentage of rebar = 2.185
Provide 20 mm bar @ 125 mm c/c

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Figure 15: Spandrel Longitudinal Reinforcing Areas

Length of Shear Wall = 1672 mm

Width of Shear Wall = 230 mm
Required Reinforcement = 2348 mm^2
Reinforcement at one face = 1174 mm^2
Bar used = 12 mm
Nof of bar required = 11
Required spacing = 152
Provided Spacing = 125
Percentage of rebar = 0.656
Provide 12 mm bar @ 150 mm c/c

Length of Shear Wall = 3300 mm

Width of Shear Wall = 230 mm
Required Reinforcement = 1629 mm^2
Reinforcement at one face = 815 mm^2
Bar used = 10 mm
Nof of bar required = 11
Required spacing = 300
Provided Spacing = 125
Percentage of rebar = 0.546
Provide 10 mm bar @ 125 mm c/c

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3.1.4 Sample Design of Footing

Joint Grid FZ (KN) x y Mx (KNm) My (KNm)

1 E1 446 0.00 2.00 0 893
2 D1 511 0.00 3.80 0 1940
3 C1 511 0.00 7.20 0 3676
4 B1 448 0.00 9.00 0 4029
5 E2 459 3.00 2.00 1378 919
6 D2 569 3.00 3.80 1708 2163
7 C2 564 3.00 7.20 1693 4062
8 B2 435 3.00 9.00 1305 3915
9 E9 473 31.00 2.00 14678 947
10 D9 567 31.00 3.80 17575 2154
11 C9 568 31.00 7.20 17600 4088
12 B9 441 31.00 9.00 13675 3970
13 E10 577 34.00 2.00 19607 1153
14 D10 352 34.00 3.80 11964 1337
15 C10 340 34.00 7.20 11568 2450
16 B10 573 34.00 9.00 19466 5153
17 A3 533 5.50 11.00 2933 5865
18 C3 790 5.50 7.20 4348 5691
19 D3 797 5.50 3.80 4385 3030
20 F3 610 5.50 0.00 3355 0
21 A4 973 9.50 11.00 9243 10702
22 C4 843 9.50 7.20 8010 6071
23 D4 863 9.50 3.80 8201 3281
24 F4 1068 9.50 0.00 10149 0
25 A5 1323 14.50 11.00 19185 14554
26 C5 1342 14.50 7.20 19466 9666
27 D5 1096 14.50 3.80 15894 4165
28 F5 1248 14.50 0.00 18092 0
29 A6 1266 19.50 11.00 24685 13925
30 C6 1272 19.50 7.20 24800 9157
31 D6 1044 19.50 3.80 20353 3966
32 F6 1240 19.50 0.00 24181 0
33 A7 974 24.50 11.00 23870 10717
34 C7 1051 24.50 7.20 25750 7567
35 D7 1038 24.50 3.80 25425 3944
36 F7 1067 24.50 0.00 26134 0

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37 A8 538 28.50 11.00 15328 5916

38 C8 737 28.50 7.20 21004 5306
39 D8 745 28.50 3.80 21243 2832
40 F8 613 28.50 0.00 17459 0
43 B8 277 28.50 9.00 7883 2489
45 E8 328 28.50 2.00 9339 655
50 E3 330 5.50 9.00 1814 2969
53 B3 283 5.50 2.00 1556 566
55 C5' 57 16.17 7.20 924 411

Total 32,180.07 547,225.57 176,296.85

Total Column Reactions =

Xarea = 17.23 m Xload = 17.01 m
Yarea = 5.73 m Yload = 5.48 m
ex = -0.22 m
ey = -0.25 m

Ix = b x d3/12 = 3,306.606 m4

Iy = d3 x b/12 = 29,991.223 m4
A= 350.51 m2

P= 32,180 KN
Mx = P x ey = -7975.89 KNm
My = P x ex = -7108.99 KNm
SBC = 129.18 KN/m2
P/A = 91.81 KN/m2
My/Iy = -0.24 KN/m3
Mx/Ix = -2.41 KN/m3
Stress Calculations in KN/m2:
= P/A My/Iy * X Mx/Ix * Y
Joint Grid X Y Remarks
1 E1 -17.23 -3.73 104.88 OK
2 D1 -17.23 -1.93 100.54 OK
3 C1 -17.23 1.47 92.34 OK
4 B1 -17.23 3.27 88.00 OK
5 E2 -14.23 -3.73 104.17 OK
6 D2 -14.23 -1.93 99.83 OK

Structural Analysis and Design Report for

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7 C2 -14.23 1.47 91.63 OK

8 B2 -14.23 3.27 87.28 OK
9 E9 13.77 -3.73 97.53 OK
10 D9 13.77 -1.93 93.19 OK
11 C9 13.77 1.47 84.99 OK
12 B9 13.77 3.27 80.65 OK
13 E10 16.77 -3.73 96.82 OK
14 D10 16.77 -1.93 92.48 OK
15 C10 16.77 1.47 84.28 OK
16 B10 16.77 3.27 79.94 OK
17 A3 -11.73 5.27 81.87 OK
18 C3 -11.73 1.47 91.03 OK
19 D3 -11.73 -1.93 99.24 OK
20 F3 -11.73 -5.73 108.40 OK
21 A4 -7.73 5.27 80.92 OK
22 C4 -7.73 1.47 90.09 OK
23 D4 -7.73 -1.93 98.29 OK
24 F4 -7.73 -5.73 107.45 OK
25 A5 -2.73 5.27 79.73 OK
26 C5 -2.73 1.47 88.90 OK
27 D5 -2.73 -1.93 97.10 OK
28 F5 -2.73 -5.73 106.27 OK
29 A6 2.27 5.27 78.55 OK
30 C6 2.27 1.47 87.72 OK
31 D6 2.27 -1.93 95.92 OK
32 F6 2.27 -5.73 105.08 OK
33 A7 7.27 5.27 77.36 OK
34 C7 7.27 1.47 86.53 OK
35 D7 7.27 -1.93 94.73 OK
36 F7 7.27 -5.73 103.90 OK
37 A8 11.27 5.27 76.42 OK
38 C8 11.27 1.47 85.58 OK
39 D8 11.27 -1.93 93.78 OK
40 F8 11.27 -5.73 102.95 OK
43 B8 11.27 3.27 81.24 OK
45 E8 11.27 -3.73 98.13 OK
50 E3 -11.73 3.27 86.69 OK
53 B3 -11.73 -3.73 103.58 OK
55 C5' -1.05 1.47 88.50 OK

Structural Analysis and Design Report for

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Average Stress along grids in (KN/m2)

A-A 79.14 3-3 95.13

B-B 83.42 4-4 94.19

C-C 88.63 5-5 92.10

D-D 96.51 6-6 91.82

E-E 98.04 7-7 90.63

F-F 105.68 8-8 89.68

1-1 96.44 9-9 88.38

2-2 95.73 10-10 88.38

Bending moment calculations in KNm/m
Along grids
2-3 F-G
l= 3.00 l= 5.01
1-1 130.19 A-A 297.97
2-2 129.23 B-B 314.08
3-3 128.43 C-C 333.70
4-4 127.15 D-D 363.36
5-5 124.34 E-E 369.11
6-6 123.95 F-F 397.87
7-7 122.35
8-8 121.07
9-9 119.31
10-10 119.31

Depth from Moment = 386.75 mm

Shear Check:
Shear strength of concrete t'c for M20 grade =0.25sqrt(fck) = 1.12 N/mm2
Factor of Safety = 1.5
1. For edge column
bo = d+2c = d +1300
column load = 613 KN

Structural Analysis and Design Report for

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Vu = 919500 N
a= 1 Coeff of d
b= 1300 value of 2c
-
c= 822425.8021
d= 465.76 mm

2. For face column

bo = 2d+3c = 2d +1800
column load = 1240 KN
Vu = 1860000
a= 2 Coeff of d
b= 1800 value of 3c
-
c= 1663634.575
d= 567.01 mm

3. For central column

bo = 4d+4c = 4d +
1400
column load = 1342 KN
Vu = 2013000 N
a= 4 Coeff of d
b= 1400 value of 4c
c= -2013000

d= 555.67 mm
d= 567.01 mm
617.01 mm
Provide D= 625 mm
Area of Steel Reinforcements Required in mm2
Minmum Area of Steel Required in mm2 =0.12*1000*d/100 = 750.00

Dia of bar Spacing Ast

Grid Max BM Ast required Remarks
Provided Provided Provided

A-A 79.142 750.00 16 150 1340.41 OK

B-B 83.421 750.00 16 150 1340.41 OK
C-C 88.633 750.00 16 150 1340.41 OK
D-D 96.509 750.00 16 150 1340.41 OK
E-E 98.037 750.00 16 150 1340.41 OK

Structural Analysis and Design Report for

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F-F 105.675 750.00 16 150 1340.41 OK

1-1 96.438 750.00 16 150 1340.41 OK
2-2 95.727 750.00 16 150 1340.41 OK
3-3 95.135 750.00 16 150 1340.41 OK
4-4 94.187 750.00 16 150 1340.41 OK
5-5 92.102 750.00 16 150 1340.41 OK
6-6 91.816 750.00 16 150 1340.41 OK
7-7 90.631 750.00 16 150 1340.41 OK
8-8 89.683 750.00 16 150 1340.41 OK
9-9 88.379 750.00 16 150 1340.41 OK
10-10 88.379 750.00 16 150 1340.41 OK

3.1.5 Design of Staircase

1. Design Data
Total Width of the staircase well: 5000 mm
Width of Flight = 1825 mm
Total Length of the staircase well: 3800 mm
Total Height of the staircase well: 3300 mm
Rise of The Flight (R) : 150 mm
Tread of the Flight (T) : 270 mm
Grade of Steel (Fy) = 500 Mpa
Grade of Concrete (Fc) = 20 Mpa
Floor Finish Considered = 1.5 kN/m
Live Load Consoidered = 4.0 kN/m
Length of Front landing = 0 mm
Length of End landing = 1605 mm

2. Calculation for Effective Span & Effective Depth

Projected span of stair = 3800 mm
Length between supports, lc/c =lc+ bs = 3800 mm
Eff. depth of the waist slab =leff/(23*modification factor ) = 97 mm
Minimum depth to be provided dmin. =M / 0.1336fckb = 104 mm
Overall Depth (D) =d + clear cover +/2 = 120 mm
Provided Overall depth of Waist Slab (D)= 150 mm
Dia. Of Bar Used , = 16 mm

Structural Analysis and Design Report for

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Provided Eff. depth of Waist Slab (d)= D-clear cover-/2 = 127 mm

Effective span, leff. = lc/c =Length between supports 3800 mm
Critical depth of neutral axis: Xm = 0.46 d = 58 mm
Limiting moment: Mlim. = 0.36xm/d (1-0.42xm/d) bdfck = 108 kN m

3. Calculation of Loads
Load Factor 1.5
No. of treads per meter = n = 1000/T = 4

Load for Landing =

Self weight of landing = 3.75 kN/m
Floor Finish Considered = 1.5 kN/m
Live Load Consoidered = 4.0 kN/m
Total Load on Landing = 9.25 kN/m
Factored load on landing = 13.88 kN/m
For 1605 mm width of flight Design Load = 22.27 kN/m

Load for Flight =

Area of Step Section = 0.02 m
Area of Inclined Slab = 0.05 m
Area of floor finish = 0.01 m
Total area = 0.08 m
In 1.825 m width and given Tread in plan length ,DL of step section = 1.98 kN/m
DL per m on plan = 7.92 kN/m
LL per m on plan = 4.0 kN/m
Total load of Flight = 11.9 kN/m
Factored load of Flight = 17.9 kN/m
For 1.605 m width of flight ,Design Load = 28.7 kN/m
3. Computation of Reinforcement
Maximum Support Reaction Taken from ETABS = 49 kN
Maximum Moment Taken from ETABS = 29 kN m
Maximum Reinforcement at Support from ETABS = 844.00 mm
Maximum Reinforcement at Mid from ETABS = 517.00 mm
Calculation of Main Bars :
Mu = 0.87*fy*Ast*(d -Ast * fy /fck/b)
a 0.025
b -130
c 66666.67
Ast min 180.0
Tension Reinforcement = Ast = 844.00 mm

Structural Analysis and Design Report for

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Try, = 16 mm
A = /4= 200.96 mm
Spacing = bx A / Ast reqd. = 595 mm
Provide 16 mm - HYSD steel bars @ 150 mm c/c
Ast .provided = b x A /spacing = 2445.01 mm
pt =100Ast./bd = % > 0.12% = 1.6 %
-max = 1/8*D= 18.75 16 mm
Maximum spacing = least of 3d & 300mm 300 mm
> spacing provided
Distribution Bars in waist slab :
Area of distribution bars =0.12% of bD = 180.00 mm
Try, = 10 mm A = /4= 78.50 mm
Spacing = b x A / Ast reqd. = 436 mm
Provide 10 mm - HYSD steel bars @ 150 mm c/c
Maximum spacing = least of 5d & 450mm 450 mm
> spacing provided
Distribution Bars in steps :
Provide 1 - 10 bar as temperature reinforcement in each step.
Provide the landing slab distribution reinforcement similar to waist slab distribution reinforcement.

4. Development Length / Anchorage

Design Bond Stress of concrete M20 for plain bars in tension, bd 1.2 N/mm
Design Bond Stress of M20 for deformed bars in tension, bd' =1.6 x bd = 1.9 N/mm
Design Bond Stress of M20 for deformed bars in compression=1.25*above= 2.4 N/mm
Stress in bar at the section considered at design load = s =0.87*fy = 435.0 N/mm
Diameter of the main tension bars (Fe 500) = = 16 mm
Tension Steel Development length = Ld =s/4bd (Cl.26.2.1) = 906 mm
Compression Steel Development length = Ld =s/4bd (Cl.26.2.1) = 725 mm
Min. embedment = Ld / 3 (Cl.26.2.3.3) 302 mm
Embedment with U hooks behind centre of support = bs/2 -25 +16 = 381 mm
Development length, Ld should be available in either direction to top as well as bottom bars.
Hence provide , Ld = 550 mm for comp. bars & 700 mm for tension. bars.

Step 4 > Deflection Check ( as per IS 456:2000 ,Cl. 23.2)

Ast required = 844.00 mm
Ast,provided = 2445.01 mm
fs =0.58x fy x Ast, required / Ast, provided (Cl.23.2.c & Fig.4) 171.52
Effective span = L = 3800 mm
Effective depth = d = 127 mm
Mu/bd^2 0.72

Structural Analysis and Design Report for

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171.5
fs= N/mm
Mf 2.09
Modification factor ( =26 for continuous slab & = 1 for L <10 m ), =
L / d actual = 29.92125984 <<<< L / d per. = 54.34
....Safe.....
6. Check for Shear Check
Vmax =V at d distance from support = 49.0 kN
Nominal ShearStress , v =V/bd (Cl. 40.1) = 0.4 N/mm
Maximum shear Stress, cmax for M20 ( Cl.40.2.3, Table 20) 2.8 N/mm
Percentage of Tension Reinforcement =pt =100Ast/bd = 1.6 %
Design Shear Strength of Concrete with pt% and M20, c = 0.8 N/mm
Enhanced Shear Strength , c' = k x c (Cl.40.2.1.1) =1.3 x c = 1.0 N/mm
Since c >> , No Shear reinforcement is required in the staircase .Safe ..

Structural Analysis and Design Report for

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3.1.6 Slab Design

1. DESIGN DATA

Longer Span of the critical Slab (Ly) = 5.00 m

Shorter Span of the critical Slab (Lx)= 3.80 m
Grade of Concrete used (ck) = 20 N/mm2
Width of slab, b = 1000 mm
Grade of steel used (y) = 500 N/mm2
Unit weight of Marble= 27 kN/m3
Unit weight of screed = 20.4 kN/m3
Unit weight of plaster = 20.4 kN/m3
Thickness of screed = 25 mm
Thickness of plaster = 12.5 mm
Assume Thickness of slab (D) = 125 mm
Effective depth of slab d= 105 mm

2. BENDING MOMENT COEFFICIENT

Type of slab Panal = 1 Long Edge Discontinous

Aspect Ratio of the slab Considered Ly/Lx
= 1.316
Bending Moment
Coefficient for 1.3 for 1.4 for 1.316
Coeff for -ve moment, x = 0.0570 0.0630 0.058
Coeff for +ve moment, x
= 0.0440 0.0470 0.044
Coeff for -ve moment, y
= 0.0370 0.037
Coeff for +ve moment, y
= 0.0280 0.028

3. LOAD CALCULATION

Dead load of slab = 3.125 kN/m2

Dead load due to screed = 0.51 kN/m2
Dead load due to plaster = 0.255 kN/m2

Structural Analysis and Design Report for

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Dead load due to Partition Wall = 1.5 kN/m2

Live load at Slab = 5 kN/m2
Total Load = 10.39 kN/m2
Factored Design Load = 15.585 kN/m2
Factored Design Load per meter = 15.585 kN/m

4. MOMENT CALCULATION

Design -ve moment for short span, Mx 13.0 kN-m

Design +ve moment for short span, Mx 10.0 kN-m
Design -ve moment for long span, My 8.3 kN-m
Design +ve moment for long span, My 6.3 kN-m

5. CALCULATION OF REINFORCEMENT

Design for -ve Reinforcement =

Along Short span 308.1 mm2
Along Long span 191.0 mm2
Design for +ve Reinforcement =
Along Short span 231.9 mm2
Along Long span 142.8 mm2

Minimum reinforcement required (Ast)= 187.5 mm2

Bar dia. Area Spacing Spacing Area

Direction Provided Required Required Provided provided
mm mm2 mm mm mm2

Shorter Support 10 308 250.00 150 523.33

Shorter Mid 10 232 338.45 150 523.33

Longer Support 8 191 263.05 150 334.93

Longer Mid 8 143 267.95 150 334.93

6. CHECK FOR SHEAR

Structural Analysis and Design Report for

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Shear coefficient = 0.60

Design Shear Force Vu = 35.53 kN
Nominal shear stress (tv) = 0.34 N/mm2
Percent tension steel (Pt) = 0.42 N/mm2
Shear strength of M20 Concrete and 0.42% steel tc = 0.45 N/mm2
Shear Strength Coefficient for(d<=150)
ks = 1.30 N/mm2
Shear strength in slab t'c = 0.59 N/mm2
Maximum Shear stress for M20 Grade Concrete tc, max
= 2.80 N/mm2
Safe in
shear

7. CHECK FOR DEFLECTION:

Required Tension reinforcement % for short span Pt= 0.27

Provided Tension reinforcement % for short span Pt= 0.42
Basic value of span to effective depth (L/d) ) ratio = 23
Modification factor for span > 10m = 1
Mu/bd2= 0.91
Steel stress of service fs= 128.53
Required modification factor for tension reinforcement 1.57
Actual Modification factor for tension reinforcement = 2.00
Allowable short span to effective depth ratio Lx/d = 46.00
Calculated short span to effective depth ratio (Lx/d) = 36.19
Safe in deflection

Structural Analysis and Design Report for