OPTCL Safety Manual 2015 (Latest)

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OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL
ODISHA POWER TRANSMISSION CORPORATION LIMITED
2015
OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

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DESCRIPTION SHEET OF THE MANUAL
01 Distribution: Internal
02 Report status: New
03 Report type: Technical
04 Volume No: One
05 Title : OPTCL Safety Manual 2014
06 Collation: 136 Pages, 19 illustrations, 8 Annexures
Sponsor(s) Name: Odisha Power Transmission Corporation Limited

07
Type: Govt. of Odisha U/T
08 Vetted by: Er. S.K.Jena, Independent Director, OPTCL
09 Publication / Issue Year:2015
10 Publisher / Distributor: OPTCL
11 Form of distribution: Hard copy
12 Language of text: English, Odia
13 Language of summary: English

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14 Abstract: OPTCL deals with the transmission of electricity and have

infrastructures, more than 115Control rooms of different
capacities like 400/220/132/33 Kv, 220/132/33 Kv, 132/33 Kvand
400, 220, 132, 33 KvE.H.T lines of more than 1000 Kms in each
category. All these are 24 hours attended for handling of
uninterrupted electricitythroughout the state and to facilitate
trading of electricity to other states of the country. For this
regular operation and maintenance of the related electrical
equipmentsand lines are necessary. Emergency break downs are
also attended. Also lot of new Sub Station and lines are being
constructed regularly for infra structure development. All these
are done by our own employees and through contractors. OPTCL
recognizes and accepts its moral responsibility for implementing
safety standards & maintain safe working environment for all its
employees so also the contractors workmen to ensure
construction, operation and maintenance of Transmission
systems in safest possible manner. Hence it becomes essential for
having a safety manual adhering to the statutory Electricity Act,
Regulations, and Codal procedures in force. This manual covers
safety policy, statutory provisions pertaining to safety,
responsibility assignment, hazard identification analysis &
control, personal protective equipments and devices, safety
document and permit system, first aid, fire safety, earthing,
construction safety, civil work safety, accident & near miss
incident reporting, safety audit, Formats. The
Grid/line/construction site in-charge is responsible for
implementation of these procedures and is to be monitored by
the Division/Circle in-charge.
15 Keywords/Descriptors: ACT, RULES, REGULATIONS, OCCUPATIONAL

SAFETY PRACTICE, PPE, HAZARD
IDENTIFICATION & CONTROL, FIRST-AID,
FIRE-SAFETY, LINE CLEAR PERMIT,
CONSTRUCTION SAFETY, ACCIDENT
REPORTING, NEAR MISS INCIDENT
REPORTING, SAFETY AUDIT, FORMATS
16 Approved by: Board of Directors, OPTCL

17 Date of Notification: 24th June 2015

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Odisha Power Transmission Corporation Limited, a State
Transmission Utility undertakes Construction, Operation &
Maintenance of Grid Sub-stations and E.H.T.Lines. Most of the
construction works are carried out through outsourcing. Operation
and Maintenance works are taken up by own Engineers &
Technicians of OPTCL. Out sourced works are done by Contractors
through their workmen and labours.
Corporate level Safety committee of OPTCL, under the
Chairmanship of Sri Shantanu Kumar Rath, Director (HRD),
perusing the statutory responsibilities of implementing the safety
standard and maintaining a safe working environment for all
its employees and the out sourced persons, had several sittings and
finalised the Manual. Subsequently the Manual was vetted ok by Er.
S.K.Jena, one of the independent Director of OPTCL.
In the Manual, due care is taken to ensure the statutory
requirements of all the Rules, Regulations, Acts presently in force.
This Safety Manual for statutory safety environment at the Grid /
work site front is designed to enhance the safety standards presently
followed and to reduce further occurrence of near -miss incidents /
Accidents at work site. Implementation of the safety guidelines
contained in this Manual will surely help the employees of OPTCL to
strengthen the safety measures at Grid front / Work site.
TheCommittee acknowledges the valuable suggestion / inputs
received from Sri S.K.Jena, Independent Director as well as
inspirational leadership of Sri Hemant Sharma, I.A.S, Chairman -
Cum - Managing Director, OPTCL & GRIDCO.

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INDEX
DESCRIPTION PAGE
Description sheet of the Manual 2
Chairman - cum - Managing Directors Message 4
Director(HR)s Message 5
Acknowledgement 6
OPTCL Safety Policy & Principle
Safety Policy 13
General statement 13
Principles 14
Accidents: Investigation and Reporting 15
Chapter -1:
Statutory Provisions pertaining to Safety
1.1 Electricity Act-2003 16
1.2 Electricity Rules 2005 16
1.3 Indian Standards 17
1.4 CEA Regulations 17
1.5 Odisha Grid Code 17
1.6 Indian Electricity Grid Code 19
Chapter-2:
Definition 19
Chapter-3:
Fundamentals of Safety-Concept.
3.1 General safety and safety practices 25
3.2 Unsafe acts & Unsafe conditions 27
3.3 DOs 28
3.4 DONTs 28
Chapter-4:
Authorization / Responsibility Assignment.
4.1 Authorization 29
4.2 Intensity of lighting 31
4.3 Safety of Public & visitors 32
4.4 Responsibility of employee 32
4.5 Formation of Safety Committee 32
4.6 Appointment of safety Officer 33
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Chapter-5:
Hazard Identification, Analysis and Control.
5.1 Identification 34
5.2 Analysis 34
5.3 Control 35
Chapter-6:
General Instructions for Safety.
6.1 Responsibility of individuals 36
6.2 Dress code 37
6.3 Personal caution 37
6.4 General safety precaution 38
6.5 Supports & Scaffolds 40
6.6 Transportation 40
Chapter-7:
Personal Protective Equipments (PPE)
7.1 General 41
7.2 General Instruction 42
7.3 Protective clothing and foot wear 43
7.4 Safety rubber hand gloves 43
7.5 Full body safety harness(Safety Belt) 44
7.6 Safety Helmet 45
7.7 Goggles and Eye shields 45
7.8 Protective Devices 46
7.9 Tools 47
7.10 Safe supports 47
7.11 Protective temporary barriers 48
7.12 Body part wise personal protective equipment list 49
Chapter-8:
Safety Documents and Permit System
8.1 General 50
8.2 Provisions in I.E.Rules-1956 51
8.3 Line clear Requisition 51
8.4 Line clear Issue 52
8.5 Responsibility of Site in-charge after availing Line 54
Clear permit
8.6 Line clear Return 55
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8.7 Restoration process after line clear return 56

8.8 Minimum Tools for work 56
8.9 Display list of important telephone numbers 57
Chapter-9:
First-aid and Fire safety
9.1First-Aid
9.1.1 General 57
DRABC 58
Recovery Position 59
9.1.2 External hemorrhage 59
9.1.3 Internal hemorrhage 59
9.1.4 Physical shock 60
9.1.5 Fainting 60
9.1.6 Sun stroke &Heat stroke 61
9.1.7 Fracture 61
9.1.8 Burns 61
9.1.9 Eye injury 62
9.1.10 Sprains & Strains 62
9.1.11 Treatment for electric shock 62
9.1.12 Artificial respiration 64
9.1.13 Cardio pulmonary resuscitation ( CPR ) 64
9.1.14 Contents of First-aid box 66
9.1.15 First-aid exercise 66
9.2 Fire Safety
9.2.1 Fire fighting services & Fire escape 67
9.2.2 Fire fighting procedure 68
9.2.3 Type of fire & precaution for prevention of fire 69
9.2.4 Fire fighting appliances 71
9.2.5 Fire risk areas 72
9.2.6 Causes of fire in electrical establishments 72
9.2.7 Maintenance of Fire extinguishers 72
9.2.8 Chart of different class of Fire extinguishers 73
9.2.9 Fire Report Format 74
9.2.10 Fire-safety exercise 75
Chapter-10:
Safe Working Procedure.
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10.1 Sub-Station
10.1.1 Guarding of live apparatus 75
10.1.2 Operation general provision 76
10.1.3 Maintenance general provision 77
10.1.4 Safety precautions for work place having exposed 78
live area
10.1.5 Working on remote controlled equipments 79
10.1.6 Working on equipments operated by compressed 80
air
10.1.7 Working in underground system 80
10.1.8 Working on Transformer 81
10.1.9 Working on Circuit breaker 81
10.1.10 Storage of Circuit breaker 83
10.1.11 Work on Panels 84
10.1.12 Work on Bus-Bar 84
10.1.13 Work on Instrument Transformer 84
10.1.14 Work on Lightening Arrestor 84
10.1.15 Work on Capacitor 85
10.1.16 Work on Storage Batteries 85
10.1.17 Work on Cables 86
10.1.18 Testing of High Voltage Apparatus 86
10.1.19 Safety pre cautions for work on HV and EHV 87
equipments
10.1.20 Isolator and Earth Switch operation 88
10.2 Over head Lines
10.2.1 Isolation, Guarding and Protection 88
10.2.2 Electrical operation 89
10.2.3 Inspection & Testing of Line 89
10.2.4 Work on over head Lines 89
10.2.5 Table showing minimum distance to be maintained 90
from different Kv rated Lines
10.2.6 Additional precautions relating to work on 91
transmission systems
10.2.7 Painting and other works on Towers 92
10.2.8 Working with PLCC equipments 93
10.2.9 Table showing minimum clearance between EHT lines 93
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10.2.10 Safe Operating Procedure ( SOP )

10.2.10.1 Line clear requisition 94
10.2.10.2 Line clear issue 95
10.2.10.3 Execution of work 96
10.2.10.4 Line clear return 97
10.2.11 General instruction in ODIA for line clear Permit 97
& working procedure
10.2.12 Guide lines for Mock Safety Drills 101
Chapter-11:
Earthing
11.1 Statutory provisions for earthing 102
11.2 Earthing practices 103
11.3 Temporary earthing 104
11.4 Removing the temporary earth connections 105
11.5 Additional precautions to be taken on lines for 107
protection against lightening
11.6 General Safety precautions during work on any 107
equipment or Line
Chapter-12:
Safety aspect for Construction work.
12.1 General safety rules for construction work 108
12.2 Precautions during rigging & hoisting using Crane, 111
Derrick etc
12.3 Welding, Burning, Cutting, 111
12.4 Excavation 112
12.5 Concreting and cementing 112
12.6 Handling SF-6 gas 112
12.7 Transportation of materials 112
12.8 Storage of materials & equipment 113
12.9 Manual handling, carrying, piling etc of materials 113
&equipments
12.10 Handling of Insulators and cable drums etc 113
12.11 Stringing of conductor 114
12.12 Provision of the Safety clause in the Contracts 114
12.13 Cross boundary safety between O&M and 115
Construction
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Chapter-13:
Safety aspect for Civil work.
13.1 Site selection in view of safety 115
13.2 Land leveling 115
13.3 Unsafe conditions in civil works 116
Chapter-14:
Accident reporting procedure
14.1 Intimation of accidents 117
14.2 Departmental investigation report 118
14.3 Register of accident 118
Chapter-15:
Near Miss Incident & Its Reporting
15.1 Definition 119
15.2 Investigation & analysis 119
15.3 Documentation & reporting 119
Chapter-16:
Safety Audit
16.1 Introduction 120
16.2 General statement 120
16.3 Internal safety audit 120
16.4 External safety audit 121
Chapter-17:Formats
17.1 Annexure-I Line clear Requisition
17.2 Annexure-II Line clear Issue 122
17.3 Line clear Issue conditions 123
17.4 Annexure-III Line clear Return 124
17.5 Annexure-IV Cancellation of line clear permit 125
17.6 Annexure-V Message book 126
17.7 Annexure-VI Reporting electrical accidents 127
17.8 Annexure-VII Conducting enquiry of electrical 128
accidents 130
17.9 Annexure-VIII Schedule IV Forms of Inspection
Report Form-III 131

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OPTCL SAFETY POLICY & PRINCIPLES
Board of Directors in its 55th meeting held on 7th March 2013 approved
the Safety Policy and Principle in OPTCL for maintaining a safe working
environment for its employees. The Board emphasized for promoting
safety awareness and culture among the employees to prevent accident
across the organization and also emphasized to implement the safety
standard in a time bound manner.
POLICYOPTCL recognizes and accepts its

statutory and moral responsibility for implementing safety standards and
maintaining a safe working environment for all its employees in terms of
ensuring construction, operation and maintenance of Transmission
Systems in the safest possible manner. While achieving this singular
objective it endeavours to ensure compliance with the requirement of I.E.
Rules 1956, I.E. Act. 2003, Grid Code, CEA, (Measures related to Safety and
Electricity Supply) Regulation, 2010 and Power System Safety Standards.
Our statement of general policy is:to provide control of the safety

risks arising from our work activities;
to consult with our employees on matters affecting their safety;

to provide and maintain safe plant and equipment;
to ensure safe handling and use of substances;
to provide information, instruction and supervision for employees;
to ensure all employees are competent to do their tasks and to give
them adequate training;
to prevent accidents;
to maintain safe and healthy working conditions
General Statement
1.1 It is our policy to perform work in the safest practicable manner,

consistent with good practice. The health, safety and welfare of our
employees and all those likely to be affected by our operations is
the responsibility of management, and as a priority it ranks equally
with our business objectives. Adequate resources will be made
available to ensure the success of this policy.
1.2 It is the duty of management to provide safe systems of work and
do everything practicable to prevent injury by controlling the risks
arising out of our work activities. At the same time it is the duty of
each employee to exercise due care, caution, personal responsibility
for his or her own safety and that of fellow employees and
voluntarily co-operate with his or her employer in matter of safety.

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1.3 The company will provide and maintain safe plant and equipment and
ensure the safe handling and use of hazardous substances. Management
will provide the necessary information, instruction and training and will
ensure the competence of all employees and contractors.
1.4 All employees are to be aware that, in the event of any conflict between
the demands of business and safety, they will receive management
support if they reasonably choose the safety of employees or third parties
as the priority.
1.5 It is our policy to adhere completely to the requirements of the I.E. Rules,
1956, Indian Electricity Act, 2003 CEA Regulations, 2010 and Grid Code.
1.6 The attention of all employees is directed to this Safety Policy and Safety
Manual, which is under review / revision.
PRINCIPLES
2.1 It is well understood that electromechanical systems used in EHV & HV

Transmission networks are design in such a manner that during normal
operations they are safe but have inherent dangers during mal-
operations and accidents. Hence, in order to avoid such happenings and
consequent dangers, Rules and instructions have to be framed and
implemented.
Such Rules and instructions which form the core part of this Manual
define procedures and responsibilities of operating personnel for
achieving complete safety of personnel, equipments, systems and
surroundings.
Safety Rules provide basic ground rules, whereas safety instructions lay
down the procedures as per the Safety Rules.
2.2 Safe conditions have to be ensured during work on transmission system

(Transmission Lines and sub-stations) and also during Testing. This is
achieved by (i) limiting the area of working / testing or (ii) isolating and
discharging the contents to safe working levels.
2.3 In conditions where such limiting / isolation is not possible or required

like during Hotline working, special instructions / procedures are
applied.

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Accidents: Investigation and Reporting.
3.1 Accident details, however trivial they may appear to be, must always be
entered in the Accident Book, copies of which are held by the SDO /Shift
in-charge on site and at the company offices. The SDO or Shift-in-
charge responsible for the work will ensure that each accident book and
completed reports are returned to the Safety Head. Accidents reports
will be retain for a period of at least three years.
3.2 The person in charge of the work must report all injury accidents or
dangerous occurrences to the Safety Head by telephone.
3.3 All accidents and near misses will be investigated by the Division Head
in charge of the work in accordance with the company accident
investigation procedures and statutory provisions. The Division Head
will carry out investigation and submit the enquiry report within 24
hours (in case of fatal accident) and within 48 hours (in case of non-fatal
accident) to the Safety Head. Copies of the enquiry report may be sent
to the statutory authority including Assistant Labor Commissioner,
Electrical Inspector and District Administration in prescribed form in
according with statutory provisions.
Adherence to Safety Rules
4.1 The Company Safety Manual and procedure are designed to provide
basic guidance for safe operating practice and procedures that form the
Company Policy, and must be strictly adhered to by all employees.
4.2 Employees who willfully violate the spirit of policy or rule or in utter
disregard to safety policy / manual / rules carry out any O&M shall be
liable for disciplinary action up to and including termination of
employment.
NOTE: THE APPROVED SAFETY POLICY SHOULD BE UPDATED TIME

TO TIME AS PER THE AMENDMENT OF THE STATUTORY
REGULATIONS AND CHANGING REQUIREMENT OF THE
ORGANIZATION.
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1. STATUTORY PROVISIONS PERTAINING TO SAFETY

Odisha Power Transmission Corporation Limited came into existence with effect from
Dt.01.04.2005. It is therefore absolutely necessary to ensure Safety precautions while
carrying out Construction, Operation and maintenance of electrical installations so also the
activities of Civil wing.
For observance of the above, provisions of various Acts, Rules, standards are to be abided.
Briefs of the relevant Acts, rules, and standards are quoted below.
Electricity Act 2003
1.1 Section 53:- Provisions with respect to supply generally :
Provision relating to safety of electricity supply-The authority may, in consultation with the
state Government, specify suitable measures for -
1.1.1 Protecting the public (including the persons engaged in the generation, transmission
or distribution or trading) from dangers arising from the generation, transmission or
distribution or trading or electricity, or use of electricity supplied, or installation
maintenance or use of any electric line or electrical plant.
1.1.2 Eliminating or reducing the risks of personal injury to any person, or damage to
property of any person or interference with use of such property.
1.1.3 Prohibiting the supply or transmission of electricity except by means of a system
which confirms to the specifications as may be specified.
1.1.4 Giving notice in the specified form to the Appropriate Commission and the Electrical
Inspector, of accidents and failures of supplies or transmissions of electricity.
1.1.5 Keeping by Generating Company or Licensee the maps, plants and sections relating
to supply or transmission of electricity.
1.1.6 Inspection of maps, plants and sections by any person on payment of specified fee.
1.1.7 Specifying action to be taken in relation to any electric line or electrical plant, or any
electrical appliance under the control of a consumer for the purpose of eliminating
or reducing the risks of personal injury or damage to property or interference with its
use.
1.2 Section 73 of Electricity Act 2003
Functions and duties of Central Electricity Authority (CEA) -
1.2.1 Advice the Central Government on the matters relating to the national electricity
policy, formulate short-term and perspective plants for development of the
electricity system and co-ordinate the activities of the planning agencies for the
optimal utilization of resources to sub-serve the interests of the national economy
and to provide reliable and affordable electricity for all consumers.
1.2.2 Specify the technical standards for construction of electrical plants electric lines and
connectivity to the grid.
1.2.3 Specify the safety requirements for construction, operation and maintenance of
electrical plants and electric lines.
1.2.4 Specify the Grid Standards for operation and maintenance of transmission lines.
1.2.5 Specify the conditions for installation of maters for transmission and supply of
electricity.
1.3 The Electricity Rules 2005 (Formerly known as IE Rules 1956)
Further to the provision of Electricity Act 2003, the electricity Rules 2005, formerly
known as Indian electricity Rules 1956, in the rules 29 through 46 under chapter IV-

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general safety requirement lay down the safety requirements for strict observance of
Rules 63 through 71 under chapter VII together with rules 74 through 93 further
describes provision to be observed for safety.
1.4 Provision of the Indian Standards
1.4.1 Provision of Indian Standards vide its specification No.IS:5216 (Part I) 1982
(Reaffirmed 1995) Recommendations on safety procedures and practices in
electrical works - General and IS:5216 (Part II) 1982 (Reaffirmed 1995)
Recommendation on safety procedures and practices in electrical work - life saving
Techniques detail out the safety instruction and precaution which every employee
who may be concerned with the installation, operation and maintenance of electric
lines and apparatus to be conversant with.
1.4.2 IS 18001:2007 Occupational Health and Safety Management System - Requirements
with guidance for use.
1.5 (a) Central Electricity Authority Notification-2010
In exercise of the power conferred by clause (c) of section 73 read with subsection
(2) of section 177 of the Electricity Act 2003, the Central Electricity Authority New
Delhi, made the regulations called Central electricity Authority (Measures relating
to Safety and Electricity Supply) Regulations, 2010 .
The regulation so formulated shall apply to all the electrical plants & electric lines
already commissioned as well as those under construction.
This Regulation 2010 have been amended as Central electricity Authority (Measures
relating to Safety & Electric Supply) Amendment Regulations, 2015 for some
clauses which have been incorporated in the manual.
(b) Central Electricity Authority Notification- 24.01.2011
In exercise of the powers conferred by section 177read with clause (c) of section 73
of the Electricity Act 2003 (36 of 2003), the Central Electricity Authority hereby
makes the following regulations, namely Central electricity Authority (Safety
requirements for Construction, Operation and Maintenance of Electrical Plants and
Electric Lines) Regulations, 2011.
The regulation so formulated shall apply to all the electrical plants & electric lines
already commissioned as well as those under construction.
(c) Ministry of Power, GOI, New Delhi, the 22nd December, 2004
Notification
In exercise of the powers conferred by the Clause (w) of Sub-section (2) of Section
176 of the Electricity Act, 2003 (36 of 2003) the Central Govt. hereby makes the rules
Intimation of accidents ( Form and Time of service of Notice ) Rules, 2004. This is
the detail instruction on the reporting of any electrical accident to the appropriate
authorities, required Format being available in Chapter-16 FORMAT.
1.6 Orissa Grid Code (OGC) Regulations -2006
1.6.1 Cross Boundary Safety
1.6.1.1 INTRODUCTION
This Chapter sets down the requirements for maintaining safe-working practices
associated with cross boundary operations. It lays down the procedure to be
followed when work is required to be carried out on electrical equipment that is
connected to another Users system.
1.6.1.2 OBJECTIVE

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The objective of this Chapter is to achieve agreement and consistency on the

principles of safety as prescribed in the IE Rules / Regulations under Section 53 of the
Act when working across a control boundary between the Transmission Licensee and
another User.
1.6.1.3 CONTROL PERSONS
The Transmission Licensee and all Users shall nominate suitably authorised persons
to be responsible for the co-ordination of safety across that company boundary.
These persons shall be referred to as Control Persons.
1.6.1.4 PROCEDURE
The Transmission Licensee shall issue a list of Control Persons (names, designations
and telephone numbers) to all Users who have a direct control boundary with the
Transmission Licensee. This list shall be updated promptly whenever there is change
of name, designation or telephone number.
1.6.1.5 All Users with a direct control boundary with the Transmission Licensee shall
issue a similar list of their Control Persons to the Transmission Licensee,
which shall be updated promptly whenever there is a change to the Control
Persons list.
1.6.1.6 Whenever work across a control boundary is to be carried out, the Control
Person of the User (which may be the Transmission Licensee), wishing to
carry out work shall directly contact the other relevant Control Person. Code
words will be agreed at the time of work to ensure correct identification of
both parties.
1.6.1.7 Contact between the Control Persons shall normally be by direct telephone.
Should the work extend over more than one shift the Control Person shall
ensure that the relief Control Person is fully briefed on the nature of the work
and the code words in operation.
1.6.1.8 The Control Persons shall co-operate to establish and maintain the
precautions necessary for the required work to be carried out in a safe
manner. Both the established isolation and the established earth shall be
locked in position, where such facilities exist, and shall be clearly identified.
1.6.1.9 Work shall not commence until the Control Person, of the User (which may
be the Transmission Licensee), wishing to carry out the work, is satisfied that
all the safety precautions have been established. This Control Person shall
issue agreed safety documentation to the working party to allow work to
commence.
1.6.1.10 When work is completed and safety precautions are no longer
required, the Control Person who has been responsible for the work being
carried out shall make direct contact with the other Control Person to
request removal of those safety precautions.
1.6.1.11 The equipment shall only be considered as suitable for return to
service when all safety precautions are confirmed as removed, by direct
communication using code word contact between the two Control Persons,
and return of agreed safety documentation from the working party has taken
place.
1.6.1.12 The Transmission Licensee shall develop a prescribed format for cross
boundary safety and continually update it.
1.6.1.13 Any dispute concerning Cross Boundary Safety shall be resolved in the
Protection Co-ordination Committee.

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1.6.2 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS

1.6.2.1 For cross boundary circuits all Users shall comply with the agreed safety rules,
which must be in accordance with IE Rules / Regulations under Section 53 of
the Act.
1.6.2.2 All equipment on cross boundary circuits which may be used for the purpose
of safety co-ordination and establishment of isolation and earthing, shall be
permanently and clearly marked with an identification number or name, that
number or name being unique in that sub-station. This equipment shall be
regularly inspected and maintained in accordance with manufacturer's
specification.
1.6.2.3 Each Control Person shall maintain a legibly written safety log, in
chronological order, of all operations and messages relating to safety co-
ordination sent and received by himself. All safety logs shall be retained for a
period of not less than 5 (five) years.
1.6.3 Central Electricity RegulatoryCommission , NewDelhi
1.6.3.1 The Indian Electricity Grid Code (IEGC) is a regulation made by the Central
Commission in exercise of powers under clause (h) of subsection (1) of
Section 79 read with clause (g) of sub-section (2) of Section 178 of the Act.
I.E.G.C in their Part-4 Cl.6.4 have mentioned the responsibilities for safety of
CTU/STU and the concerned Users safety in accordance with Central
Electricity Authority (Technical Standards for connectivity to the Grid)
Regulations, 2007 , Central Electricity Regulatory Commission (Grant of
Connectivity, Long-term Access and Medium-term Open Access in inter-state
Transmission and related matters) Regulations,2009 and CEA (Safety
Requirements for construction, operation and maintenance of electrical and
electric lines)Regulations, 2008.
1.6.4 BOCW (Regulation of Employment & conditions of Service) Act 1996 Chapter - VII
Cl-38, 39, 40 regarding safety of workmen.
1.6.5 FACTORIES Act - 1948 Clause 40, 40 A, 41 regarding safety of workmen.
2. DEFINITIONS
In this Manual, unless the context otherwise requires:
2.1 ACCIDENT may be defined as a sudden mishap that interrupts the
operation of an activity.
2.2 AUTHORIZED PERSON means a competent person authorized by the
competent authority as per Rule 3 of I.E. Rules 1956.
2.3 APPROVED means approved by Odisha Power Transmission
Corporation Limited (OPTCL).
2.4 AUTOMATIC means self-acting, operating by its own mechanism when
actuated by some impersonal influence, as for example, a change in
current strength.
Note: Remote control that requires personal interface is not automatic but
manual.

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2.5 CIRCUIT means an arrangement of conductor or conductors for the

purpose of conveying energy and forming a system or branch of a
system ;
2.6 CIRCUIT BREAKER means a device, capable of making and breaking the
circuit under all conditions, and unless otherwise specified, so
designed as to break the current automatically under abnormal
conditions;
2.7 CONDUCTOR means any wire, cable, bar, tube rail or plate used for
conducting energy and so arranged as to be electrically connected to a
system;
2.8 CUT OUT means any appliance for automatically interrupting the
transmission of energy though any conductor when the current rises
above a predetermined amount, and shall also include fusible cut-out;
2.9 CLASSIFICATION OF VOLTAGE
As per I.E. Rules 1956 under Rule -2 and Clause (av), voltages are classified
as follows;
2.9.1 LOW VOLTAGE where the voltage does not exceed 250 volt in
phase to phase L.T.Supply voltage category under normal condition
subject, however, to the percentage variation allowed by these rules;
2.9.2 MEDIUM VOLTAGE where the voltage does not exceed 650 volts
under normal conditions subject, however, to the percentage
variation allowed by these rules;
2.9.3 HIGH VOLTAGE where the voltage does not exceed 33,000 volts
under normal conditions subject, however, to the percentage
variation allowed by these rules;
2.9.4 EXTRA HIGH VOLTAGE where the voltage exceeds 33000 volts is
known as Extra High Voltage.
Sl.No. Voltage Range Classification
1 51 volt to 250 volt Low Voltage
2 251 volt to 650 volt Medium Voltage
3 651 volt to 33 KV High Voltage
4 Above 33 KV Extra High Voltage
2.10 COMPANY means a company formed and registered under the

Companies Act, 1956 and includes any corporate under a Central,
State or Provincial Act;
2.11 CORPORATION means Odisha Power Transmission Corporation
Limited.
2.12 CANCELLATION 0F LINE CLEARANCE TO WORK/TESTING means a
declaration by the person to whom the Line Clearance to Work /
Testing has been issued stating that the work, for which the

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permit/sanction was issued, has been suspended or completed

and stating that all temporary arrangements including earth
connections have been removed and that all men under his direct
charge have been warned that it is no longer safe to work / Test on
that equipment/apparatus.
2.13 COMPETENT PERSON means a person authorized by competent
authority who has sufficient technical knowledge and/or
experience of a particular branch of engineering to enable him to
avoid danger while working in connection therewith.
2.14 COMMISSION means Odisha Electricity Regulatory Commission.
2.15 DEAD means at or about earth potential and disconnected from
any live system:
PROVIDED that an apparatus separated from a live conductor by a
spark gap shall not be deemed to be dead.
2.16 DANGER means danger to health or danger to life or any part of
body from shock, burn, or other injury to persons, or property, or
from fire or explosion, attendant upon the generation,
transmission, transformation, conversion, distribution, or use of
energy;
2.17 DANGER NOTICE/TAG means a notice/tag on an approved form to
be applied to any electrical/ mechanical equipment to indicate
abnormal conditions calling attention to the danger of touching,
interfering with unauthorized handling or operation of equipment.
2.18 EARTH means the conductive mass of the earth, whose electric
potential at any point is conventionally taken as zero.
2.19 EARTH ELECTRODE means a conductor or group of conductors in
intimate contact with and providing an electrical connection to
earth.
2.20 EARTH LEAKAGE CURRENT means a current, which flows to earth
or to extraneous conductive parts in a circuit, which is electrically
sound.
2.21 EARTHING CONDUCTOR means a protective conductor connecting
the main earthing terminal (or the equi-potential) bonding
conductor of an installation when there is no earth bus) to an
earth electrode or to other means of earthing.
2.22 EARTHED/CONNECTED WITH EARTH means connected to earth in
such a manner as to ensure at all times an immediate discharge of
electricity without danger.
2.23 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT means all electrical apparatus pertaining
to generation, transmission, distribution and utilization of
electrical energy.

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2.24 EMPLOYEE means a person who is in receipt of pay salary, wages

or honorarium in return for services rendered by him to the
OPTCL.
2.25 EXPOSED means not effectively isolated or guarded or insulated to
prevent possibility of danger to life or property due to inadvertent
approach to or contact with a point of danger by a person or
object.
2.26 ELECTRICAL SAFETY means recognizing hazards associated with
the use of electrical energy and taking precautions so that hazards
do not cause injury or death.
2.27 EMERGENCY for the purpose of this manual means an unusual
condition which exists that endangers life and/or property.
2.28 GROUND means the connection, established either intentionally or
accidentally of an electric circuit or equipment with reference to
ground through a conductor, or other conducting object or
substance.
2.29 GUARDED means Protected by personnel, or covered, fenced, or
enclosed by means of suitable casings, barrier rails, screens, mats,
platforms, or other suitable devices in accordance with standard
barricading technique designed to prevent dangerous approach or
contact by persons or objects. (Wires that are insulated but not
otherwise protected are not considered guarded.)
2.30 GROUNDED SYSTEM means a system of conductors in which at
least one conductor or point (usually the middle wire or neutral
point of transformer or generator winding) is intentionally
grounded, either solidly or through a current-limiting device (not a
current-interrupting device).
2.31 GRID CODE means code prepared by the Odisha Electricity
Regulatory Commission (OERC) in accordance with Transmission
licensee (OPTCL).
2.32 ISOLATED means physically disconnected from all sources of
electric energy and in a manner that disconnected contacts of the
isolating switch are clearly visible.
2.33 ISOLATOR is a manually/electrically operated mechanical switch
which separates a part of the electrical power system normally at
off load condition and the breaking of the circuit is visible.
2.34 INSPECTOR-As per Electricity Act 2003, Part-I ( Preliminary ) Cl-
2,Sub-Clause-21 Inspector means an Electrical Inspector
appointed as such by the appropriate Government under Sub-
Section (1) of Section 162 and also includes Chief Electrical
Inspector .

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2.35 INSTALLATION means any composite electrical unit used for the
purpose of generating, transforming, transmitting, converting,
distributing or utilising energy;
2.36 LINE CLEARANCE ISSUE OFFICER is a person who is authorized for
ensuring that controlling switches and circuits have been isolated,
made dead and inoperative and that adjacent circuits have been
made safe for the work to be carried out and who is authorized to
issue the Line Clearance to work.
2.37 LINE CLEARANCE TO WORK means a form of declaration signed by
and given by one authorized person to another authorized person
in charge of work to be carried out on or adjacent to any electrical
apparatus, mains or L.T/H.T/E.H.T lines, for the purpose of making
known such latter person exactly what apparatus, mains or lines
are made dead and earthed and safe for working and gives the
description of the work required to be carried out under such Line
Clear Permit.
2.38 LIVE means electrically charged.
2.39 LIVE PART means a conductor or conductive part intended to be
energized in normal use including a neutral conductor but, by
convention, not a protective earth conductor.
2.40 MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT means all mechanical equipment
pertaining to the generation, transmission, distribution and
utilization of electrical energy.
2.41 NEUTRAL CONDUCTOR means a conductor connected to the
neutral point of a system and capable of contributing to the
transmission of electrical energy.
2.42 OPTCL means Odisha Power Transmission Corporation Limited.
2.43 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) means devices such as
helmets, rubber gloves, rubber gauntlets, line hose, safety boots,
or other insulating devices, such as high voltage detector, earth
discharge rod etc. which are especially designed for the protection
of workmen.
2.44 REQUEST FOR LINE CLEARANCE means a request made by a
Competent Person or an Authorized Person to the Shift In-Charge
of the substation before undertaking construction, repair, testing
or maintenance works for issue of a specific clearance, detailing
particulars of the work, time during which the work is intended to
be carried out, precautions (if any) required to be taken to enable
the Shift In-Charge of the substation to determine whether the
Line clearance can be issued in conformity with the rules,
requirements of service, safety etc.

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2.45 SUPPLY, in relation to electricity, means the sale of electricity to a

licensee or consumers;
2.46 SWITCH means a manually operated device for opening and
closing or for changing the connection of a circuit;
2.47 SWITCH GEAR shall denote switches, circuit breakers, cut-outs and
other apparatus used for the operation, regulation and control of
circuits;
2.48 SYSTEM means an electrical system in which all the conductors
and apparatus are electrically connected to a common source of
electric supply;
2.49 SAFETY OFFICER as per C.E.A ( Measures relating to Safety and
Electric Supply ) Regulations , 2010 Chapter II , Cl-5 (1) ; all
suppliers of electricity including Generating Companies ,
Transmission Companies & Distribution Companies shall designate
an electrical Safety Officer as per the specific prescribed norms for
ensuring observance of safety measures specified under these
Regulations in their Organisation for construction , operation &
maintenance of power stations ,sub-stations , transmission and
distribution lines .
2.50 SHIFT INCHARGE means Engineer in-charge of a shift at Sub-
Stations appointed by OPTCL.
2.51 SUB-STATION as per E.Act-2003 , Part-I (Preliminary) Cl-
2(69);sub-station means a station for transforming or converting
electricity for the transmission or distribution thereof& includes
transformers , convertors , switchgears , capacitors , synchronous
condensers ,structures ,cable and other appurtenant equipment
and any buildings used for that purpose and the site there of .
2.52 STEP VOLTAGE means the potential difference between two points
on the earth's surface separated by distance of one pace that will
be assumed to be one meter in the direction of maximum
potential gradient.
2.53 SYSTEM CONTROL means System Operation under SLDC, which
controls and coordinates all switching operations of the System
including issues of Line Clearance to work/test etc.
2.54 TEMPORARY EARTH means an earth defined under2.22 above, but
applied additionally/temporarily at the point of work on any
electrical apparatus during actual working thereon, after the issue
of Line Clearance to work/test.
2.55 TRANSMISSION LINE as per E.Act-2003 , Part-I (Preliminary) Cl-
2(72); Transmission Line means all high pressure cables and over
head lines transmitting electricity from a generating station to

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another generating station or a sub-station, together with any step

up and step down transformers, switch gear and other works
necessary to and used for the control of such cables or over head
lines, and such buildings or part thereof as may be required to
accommodate such transformers, switch gear and other works.
2.56 TOUCH VOLTAGE means the potential difference between a
grounded metallic structure and a point on the earth's surface
separated by a distance equal to the normal maximum horizontal
reach, approximately one meter.
2.57 UNAUTHORIZED PERSON means one who is not permitted to work
on electrical apparatus except under the personal supervision of
an authorized person.
2.58 VISITOR means a person, other than an Employee permitted to
enter a work area under permission by the authorized person.
2.59 WORKING PARTY means the persons under the immediate
supervision of Competent Person or an Authorized Person and
includes the Competent Person or the Authorized Person when
working by himself.
2.60 WORKMEN means a person employed directly or by or through
any agency/ contractor with or without the knowledge of the
principal employer, whether for remuneration or not, who himself
carried out or supervise different activities on electrical
installations like operation, maintenance, construction, testing &
commissioning etc. relating to OPTCL.
NOTE: All words and expressions used but not defined hereunder shall
have the meaning assigned to them in Electricity Act, 2003, Indian
Electricity Grid Code, Odisha Grid Code and Indian Electricity Rules, 1956
respectively assigned to them in the Electricity Act 2003 as amended up to
date, CEA (Measures relating to Safety and Electricity Supply) Regulations,
2010 and CEA (Safety requirements for Construction, Operation and
Maintenance of Electrical Plants and Electric Lines) Regulations, 2011and
the Rules and regulations made there under, an amendment thereof, if
any, and the Rules made there under as the case may be.
3. FUNDAMENTALS OF SAFTY CONCEPT

GENERAL SAFETY AND SAFETY PRACTICES
Safety as a whole may be interpreted as the proper planning of work, proper usage of
safety tools, following safety procedures and exercise of good judgment and intelligent
supervision. Experience proves that majority of the accidents are preventable.

Page 26 of 136
Prevention of accidents requires the whole hearted co-operation of all employees of the
Organization. Generally capable and mentally alert employees avoid accidents.
Employee consistently not adhering to Safety practices & Rules is a liability to the
Organization. He/she is a danger to him/herself, his fellow workers, his family, the
public and the Corporation.
Accidents DO NOT Just Happen; accident are the results of unsafe conditions or
unsafe acts or a combination of both so also operating without authority.
Following Unsafe Acts by working personnel may lead to an accident in the
Transmission sector:-
1. Lack of knowledge on the existing incoming & outgoing Supply system, Bus system, A/C
& D/C Distribution system, earthing position of the Grid.
2. Operating without knowledge on the existing equipments of the Grid.
3. Lack of knowledge on existing DISCOM system linked with the Grid.
4. Lack of knowledge on the OPTCL Line Clear (L/C) Requisition, Issue & Return Procedure.
5. Working without availing L/C.
6. Working, being DRUG ADDICTED AND ALHOLIC.
7. Working without authority and operating the Equipment/Switches without knowledge.
8. Working without availing the Line Clear as per the statutory provision.
9. Working without Mobile phone switch being made OFF.

10. Entering the Switch yard without wearing Safety Helmet, Safety Boot and other Personal
Protective Equipments (PPE).
11. Working without the work place being demarcated / cordoned by Safety Ribbon.
12. Working without authority and with the help of un-authorised people.
13. Working without the related permanent E/S closed and temporary earthing done in
the respective Line /Equipment.
14. Opening of Isolators or handling equipments without wearing Hand gloves.
15. Working unsafely such as throwing materials or tools, at another worker, jumping from
platform/ladders/structures.
16. Working with small tools in pocket, which have got adequate chances to be dropped
inside while working on the top of Trs/Auto Trs / ICT, its turrets or inspection chamber
being opened.
17. Working with inoperative safety devices.
18. Using unsafe equipment, wrong tools for the job, or using bare hands instead of hand
tools/gloves.
19. Taking unsafe position or posture too close to opening and lifting while in awkward
position.
20. Distracting, teasing, practical joking, horseplay, quarrelling or annoying among each
other.
21. Failure to use safe clothing i.e. tight dress to be worn with the shirt in, no neckties or
jewellery, watches.
22. Asking the subordinate to supervise the work & leaving the work site.
23. Being over confident on subordinate/machines & tools.
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24. Non adoption of the practice that all light equipment and tools to be used in the
overhead works , should be raised and lowered by means of hand line and canvas
bucket , other suitable container, and men on the ground should be with helmet &stay
clear of overhead work to prevent being struck by falling objects.
25. Using unsafe equipment or using improper tools such as dull cutting tools or mushroom
head chisels, pipe extensions on wrenches not designed for them, wrong tool for the
job, using hands instead of hand tools.
26. Unsafe Loading, Placing or Mixing such as overloading cranes and winches, carrying too
heavy load, leaving objects on a top from where they are likely to fall , improper
packing.
Unsafe Conditions which may also result in accidents include the following:-
1. Unguarded equipments such as unshielded moving parts of machines , saws , etc.
and un-barricaded floor opening, un-covered cable trenches and excavations.
2. Use of defective material such as poorly constructed scaffolding, broken ladder, torn
gloves etc. Unsafe design and construction, such as poor scaffolding and structure,
structures like platforms having low safety factors, and their construction and design in
general not having required safety features.
3. Improper illumination such as insufficient light or unsuitable location producing glare or
objectionable shadows.
4. All anticipated hazards should be well intimated to all workers.
5. Power cable for lighting / air compressor / air conditioner being run together with
Common switch box and with less capacity switches.
6. Control cable and power cable running together.
7. Sacrificing safety for speed OR early completion of the work.
8. The person-in-charge of work failing to ensure himself that the power mains & the
apparatus are free from dangerous leakage or induction and has been effectively
earthed locally before permitting men to work upon it.
9. Failure to place warning boards by the person-in-charge on all switchgear before men
are permitted to work which should only be removed by the person who has placed
them. It is desirable that the person issuing the L/C shall place one warning board on the
switch energizing the mains for each L/C issued so that he can be sure that all the L/C-
to-work are returned when he has to charge the mains.
10. Allowing a person to work above without the presence of any supervisor or co-worker.
11. Visitors and unauthorized persons shall not be allowed to remain in the vicinity of live
mains and apparatus, unless accompanied by an authorized person whose responsibility
would be to ensure that the visitor complies with all statutory Safety provisions.
Study the manual carefully.
Ignorance/negligence of statutory rules and regulations will result in accident/near
miss incident to one and his co-workers.
No operation or activity is so urgent that it has to be performed in an unsafe manner
and at the cost of ones safety.

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DO'S & DON'TS OF ELECTRICAL SAFETY

DO's
1. DO obey all statutory rules and regulations in force for Line Clear (L/C)
Requisition/Issue/Return of OPTCL.
2. DO obey all statutory safety instructions.
3. Do wear tight dress without Neck tie & Jewellery.
4. DO use correct size and quality of fuse wire while replacing the blown out fuse.
5. DO turn your face away whenever an arc or flash occurs.
6. DO ensure controlling switches are opened & locked or fuse cut outs are withdrawn
before working on lines.
7. DO keep away inflammables from electrical apparatus.
8. DO disconnect the supply immediately in case of fire on or near Electrical
Apparatus/Equipment.
9. DO break the circuit by opening the power switch and release the victim in case of any
accident.
10. DO insulate yourself from earth by standing on rubber mat or any insulating material
while attempting to get the person who is in contact with live line or apparatus.
11. DO remove the casualty from the cause, render CPR, first aid, if applicable, and send for
doctor or take the casualty to the nearest hospital.
12. DO report all accidents whether minor or major, fatal or non-fatal, departmental or
non-departmental, related to the organization, immediately to the In-charge and he/she
has to report the appropriate authorities in ladder including the Safety Cell of OPTCL.
DON'Ts
1. DO NOT work, being DRUG ADDICTED AND ALCOHOLIC.

2. DO NOT replace a blown fuse until you are satisfied with the cause and you have
rectified the irregularity in the related system.
3. DONOT disconnect a plug by pulling flexible cable when the switch is on.
4. DO NOT use wire with poor insulation.
5. DO NOT close any Switch/Isolator/Breaker unless you are familiar with the circuit, which
it controls and know the reason for its being kept open.
6. DO NOT work on energized circuits without taking extra precautions, such as use of
rubber gloves and gauntlets.
7. DO NOT touch or tamper with any electrical equipment or conductor, unless you have
made sure that it is dead and earthed.
8. DO NOT work on the live circuit without the specific orders of the authorized Engineer
in-charge and make certain that all safety precautions have been taken.
9. DO NOT disconnect earthing connection or make ineffective the safety gadgets installed
on mains and apparatus unless you are sure or instructed by the appropriate authority..
10. DO NOT open or close switch or fuse slowly or hesitatingly.
11. DO NOT touch an electric circuit when your hands are wet, or bleeding, cut or an
abrasion.
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12. DO NOT use fire extinguisher on electrical equipment unless it is of proper class and
desired for use for that purpose.
13. DO NOT throw/inject water on live electrical equipment in case of fire.
14. DO NOT touch the body of electrical shock victim. Push him with a piece of dry wood.
15. DO NOT discontinue artificial respiration until recovery or death is confirmed by the
Doctor.
16. DO NOT allow visitors and unauthorized persons to touch or handle electrical apparatus
or come within the danger zone of E.H.V. apparatus.
17. DO NOT test circuit with bare fingers.
4. AUTHORIZATION / RESPONSIBILITY ASSIGNMENT
4.1 Authorization:
4.1.1 As per IE rules 1956, Section 3, no person shall be authorized to operate or undertake
the maintenance of 132 KV and above Sub-Stations / Lines unless he is adequately
qualified and successfully undergone the training as specified in IE rules 1956, and no
person shall deemed to be authorized unless his name has been entered in a list
maintained at the office or premises of person authorizing him and every list
maintained should be produced before an Inspector when required by him
4.1.2 As per CEA(Measures relating to safety & Electric Supply) Regulations 2010 Chapter
II Clause - 7 (1) and (2) respectively ;
4.1.2.1 The minimum qualification for Engineers/ Supervisors to be engaged in operations
and maintenance of transmission & distribution system shall be Diploma in
Electrical/Mechanical/Electronics &Instrumentation Engineering from a recognized
institute/ university.
4.1.2.2 The minimum qualification for the technicians to assist engineers/supervisors for
above is to possess a Certificate in appropriate Trade , preferably with a two year
course from one I.T.I recognized by the Central/State Government .
4.2 Success in implementation of safety policy in the Corporation lies in assigning clear
responsibility for safety and health.
4.3 Clear assignment of responsibility as described here in after will allow each employee
to know what activities and behaviours are expected of him, rather than assumption
or misinterpretation of what he needs to do. Unless it is explicitly understood, it will
not be possible to establish accountability for the implementation of the safety policy.
4.4 Having assessed the various activities in the Corporation , task to be accomplished by
each levels briefed below ;
4.5 Chairman-cum-Managing Director should review the overall safety programme

practised in the Organisation on a half yearly basis.
4.6 Corporate Office will:
4.6.1 Promote a safe and healthy culture throughout the Corporation.

4.6.2 Set a high standard for safety and health practices & lead them by example.
4.6.3 Ensure that the needed financial, material and personnel resources are provided to
achieve the goals and objectives of safety and health programme.
Page 30 of 136
4.6.4 Ensure dissemination of information to create awareness.

4.6.5 Ensure that the programme is fully implemented through effective monitoring.
4.6.6 Upgrade the stipulated norms time to time and take corrective actions that are
needed.
4.6.7 Facilitate mock drills in the field and work site.
4.6.8 Ensure that all Engineers and Technicians shall attend Safety training , minimum
period as decided by OPTCL per annum, being organised at Power Training Centre ,
Chandaka or elsewhere as decided by the appropriate authority at periodic intervals .
4.6.9 Review each accident and conduct any investigation where in an accident has resulted
in serious injury (fatal / nonfatal) or property damage.
4.6.10 Near miss incidents are to be analysed scrupulously not for any repetition.
4.6.11 Review the programme on a quarterly basis.
4.6.12 Ensure the contractors comply with all applicable federal & local safety and health
requirements.
4.6.13 Ensure that the safety and health policies are comprehensive & effective.
4.6.14 Promote safety & health and serve as a resource to all employees.
4.7 Circle Head Quarters will:

4.7.1 Ensure that safety/health surveys are conducted in his/her circle on regular basis,
frequently, once per two months.
4.7.2 Ensure that each equipment in the jurisdiction of Circle is properly maintained.
4.7.3 Along with the Single Line Diagram, the Cable schedule and Control Circuit drawing of
the panels are available in the Control room of the Grid Sub-Stations, to ease and
riskless operation &maintenance.
4.7.4 Ensure that each Division, S/D (Sub-station & Line maintenance) up to supervisor, (Jr.
Engineer/foreman) and employees comply with the Safety practice and programme of
implementation.
4.7.5 Ensure that PPE (Personal protective equipment) are made available to respective
employees.
4.7.6 Ensure that mock drills on Fire Safety & First Aid are conducted at regular
intervals in presence of the Division heads in all Grids and a register to this effect
shall be maintained capturing details of drills and exercises .
4.7.7 Ensure that the Workmen / Engineers of the Grids under their jurisdiction must
attend the training programme imparted time to time being organised/arranged by
OPTCL.
4.8 Divisional Head Quarter will:
4.8.1 Ensure that each employee in his/her division receives appropriate training upon initial
assignment, and later on the changes in the process, procedures, equipment or
assignment.
4.8.2 Ensure that each supervisor (Jr. Engineer/Foreman) and employee in his/her division
complies with the programme.
4.8.3 Ensure that mock drills on Fire Safety & First Aid are conducted at regular
intervals in presence of the Division heads in all Grids and a register to this effect
shall be maintained capturing details of drills and exercises .

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4.8.4 Ensure that the Workmen / Engineers of the Grids under their jurisdiction must
attend the training programme imparted time to time being organised/arranged by
OPTCL.
4.8.5 Ensure implementation of statutory safety practices and adherence to safety rules &
regulations by proper monitoring and monthly review.
4.9 Sub-Division level will
4.9.1 Ensure regular use of PPE like Safety Boot, Helmet, Safety Gloves, and Safety Belt at
the work place. Names of the regular/habitual defaulters should be recommended to
the Division in-charge for appropriate disciplinary action.
4.9.2 Ensure that each employee receives refresher training whenever required by Deptt,
changed procedures or whenever circumstances indicate the need for training.
4.9.3 Conduct a daily safety and health inspection of his/her work area.
4.9.4 Ensure that each workmen and engineer of the S/S or Line must attend the mock
Safety , Fire & First Aid drill and this should be recorded in the register .
4.9.5 All places where persons work or pass in emergencies shall be provided, during time of
use, with adequate natural or artificial lighting or both, suitable for the operations and
the special type of work performed.
4.9.6 The general lighting shall be of uniform level widely distributed to avoid harsh shadow
or strong contrast and free from reflected glare.
4.9.7 Intensity of lighting for various conditions shall be as follows:
Sl. No. Description of area where light is to be provided Intensity of light

(minimum)
1. Yards, Roadways, thoroughfare etc. 20 lux
2. Passage ways, corridors, staircases, store rooms for 50 lux

rough and bulky material, handling or sorting
operations where discrimination of detail is not
essential, storage battery rooms
3. Elevators, store rooms for medium and fine materials, 100 lux
toilets and wash room, handling or sorting operations
where slight discrimination of detail is necessary
4. Auxiliary equipment, oil switches, transformers, 200 lux

compressors and blowers etc, rough bench, machine or
testing work,
5. Control room, medium bench, machine for testing work 300 lux
for desk work involving reading and writing, Switch
boards and meters

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6. For fine assembly bench or machine work, book 500 to 1000 lux
keeping, typing or other types for close and prolonged
desk work
4.9.8 Where largenumbers of persons are employed in buildings, emergency lighting

systems capable of providing at least 5 lux for at least one hour from an independent
source shall be provided in all important instruments and gauges, stairways, exits
from work places and passages to the same.
4.9.9 Adequate ventilation should be provided in work places by natural or artificial means
to avoid insufficient air supply, harmful vapors, etc.
4.10 Safety of public and visitors.
4.10.1 Any site of hazardous operations should be protected by suitable fencing, guards and
signs to prevent unauthorized entries. For the purpose, Switch yard fencing must be
ensured in the Grid Sub-Stations.
4.10.2 Authorized visitors and official guests shall be inducted in the Receiving
Stations/Sub-stations and shall not be left to find their own way.
4.10.3 All warning signs (i.e. flags by day and red lights by night) should be placed at points
visible from a safe distance.
4.10.4 Prompt attention shall be given to all reports obtained from the general public.
4.11 Responsibility of employee

4.11.1 Be an active participant in the safety and health programme
4.11.2 Perform all the tasks in accordance with established policies, procedures and safe
work practices.
4.11.3 Must question any unsafe and unhealthy practice, procedure or condition and must
act to correct and report it.
4.11.4 Inspect all the tools/equipments to identify any hazard prior to use. Also preserve
those in a prescribed/disciplined manner so that they can be the best friends at
your workplace.
4.11.5 Must attend the mock Safety, Fire & First Aid drill conducted in the grid or work
place.
4.11.6 Report any injury/injuries, illness or accident to the appropriate authority.
4.12 FORMATION OF SAFETY COMMITTEE :
4.12.1 At Corporate office Level comprising
Director (Engg), Director (HRD), Head of Safety wing, CGM (Constn), CGM (O&M),
will be the Members. AGM/DGM (Safety) will be the Member and Convenor.
4.12.2 At Circle Level comprising
Sr.GM/GM / DGM in-charge of the Circle, All DGM/AGMs in-charge of the working
Division under that Circle will be the Member. Manager/Dy. Manager (Estimator) of
the Circle will be the Member& Convenor.
4.12.3 At Division Level comprising
A.G.M/Manager in-charge of the Division, all Sub-Division in-charge under that
Division will be the member. Divisional Estimator will be the Member & Convenor.
4.13 Safety committee will :

Page 33 of 136
4.13.1 Having understood the gravity of the situation, Safety Committee are formed to
ensure effective implementation& monitoring of the steps taken to create safe
working environment and to reduce the accidents/near miss incidents. Also to have
close monitoring& analysis of the accidents, if occurred at all, and avoid recurrence
of the same.
4.13.2 Safety Committee shall meet once in a month to review the
adoption/implementation of safety practice at field levels.
4.13.3 Safety committee shall ensure availability of all safety equipments/tools at the
ground ZERO level, i.e. at the Grid/Line or at work site.
4.13.4 Safety Committee shall ensure availability of Safety Manuals in all the Sub-Divisions.
4.13.5 Ensure the distribution of Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Line Clear
Requisition/Issue/Receive/Return/Cancellation, Line clearance procedure in Odia
and the related FORMATS combinely in shape of a booklet among the entire
individual field level workman for their thorough acquaintance and easy regular
practice.
4.13.6 Safety committee shall ensure strict adherence of implementing Line clear
requisition/issue/return practices in the field. The respective Division in-charge
shall get the Line clear requisition/issue/return formats printed and supply to the
field with instructions to adopt the practice scrupulously .
4.13.7 The Safety Committees at Corporate office level shall ensure imparting Safety
Training to all the employees as decided by OPTCL.
4.13.8 Circle level Safety Committee should ensure the periodical TESTING of the
Equipments and the Protective Switch gears Relays to keep the entire System safe.
Periodical measurement of Earth Resistance of Grids and Lines must be ensured by
the Committee.
4.13.9 The Circle level Safety Committee shall also review whether periodical testing of
safety equipment is done or not and ensure proper working condition of the safety
equipments.
4.13.10 Safety Committees shall review the identification of hazardous and dangerous
installations Division wise and the rectification of them carried out regularly.
4.14 APPOINTMENT OF SAFETY OFFICER:
4.13.1 Safety Officer should be appointed as per the provisions in Chapter II Cl-5of Central
electricity Authority (Measures relating to Safety & Electric Supply) Regulations, 2010& the
Central electricity Authority (Measures relating to Safety & Electric Supply) Amendment
Regulations, 2015;
5(1) All suppliers of electricity including generating companies,
transmission companies and distribution companies shall designate an Electrical
Safety Officer for ensuring observance of safety measures specified under these
regulations in their organisation for construction, operation and maintenance of
power stations, sub-stations, transmission and distribution lines.
5(2) The Electrical Safety Officer shall be an Electrical Engineering degree
holder with at least five years of experience in operation and maintenance of
electrical installations.
5(3) The Electrical Safety Officer designated under sub-regulation (1) shall
carryout periodic tests as per the relevant standards and inspection of such
installations for ensuring observance of safety measures specified under these
regulations at intervals not exceeding one year, and keep a record thereof in Form I
or Form II or Form III, as the case may be, of Schedule IV and test reports, and also
keep a register of recommended safety requirements duly acknowledged by the
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owner with date and compliances thereafter; and such records shall be made
available to the Electrical Inspector, as and when required.( The required Form III for
OPTCL is available in Chapter 17 as Annexure-VIII)
5. HAZARD IDENTIFICATION,ANALYSIS AND CONTROL
5.1 Understanding the need of work place safety, it must be clear in mind as to in what
way it is intended to identify, analyze and control new, existing or potential hazards
at the work place.
5.2 This must include :
5.2.1 Regular inspection of facilities,
5.2.2 Review and analysis of high hazards and operations,
5.2.3 Conducting accident investigation,
5.2.4 Analyse injury trends and taking action to eliminate future injuries, together with
who will be completing which activity, when to complete and how this will be
evaluated for effectiveness.
5.3 Certainly it is necessary that OPTCL, as an employer to furnish an employment and a
place of employment which is free from recognized hazards that are or may likely to
cause death or serious physical harm to our employees. This is a big challenge, for
which a plan is necessary, which is a valuable tool to prevent hazards/accidents and
injuries.
5.4 IDENTIFICATION
5.4.1 Before correcting any hazard, it must be identified by preparing a list of causes
5.4.1.1 Principal operations and locations
5.4.1.2 Major locations
5.4.1.3 Plant and office layouts
5.4.1.4 Regular inspection by identified personnel who can provide solutions.
5.5 The following will also help as tools to identify work place hazards.
5.5.1 Employees observation
5.5.2 Employees Monitoring
5.5.3 Job Safety Analysis
5.5.4 Accident / Injury Investigation
5.6 Danger or hazard can exist in any of the following four components of the
operations;
5.6.1 Material
5.6.2 Equipment
5.6.3 People
5.6.4 Environment
5.6.5 So be sure to evaluate all of these as we search for those hazards.
5.7 ANALYSIS
5.7.1 Once Hazards and potential hazards have been identified, we need to list the
methods intended to use for analysis. Analyzing hazards is an important step in
reducing the potential for accidents as it will help to use the resources provided
more effectively while correcting those methods as described below for easy
understanding:

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Determine the severity and probability of each hazard as follows. This will assist to
prioritize the corrective action.
5.7.2 Severity: It means that type of damage or injury that would result if accident occurs.
5.7.2.1 High: Death, permanent disability or chronic irreversible illness.
5.7.2.2 Medium: Injuries (or temporary), reversible illness resulting inHospitalization (or
temporary) disability.
5.7.2.3 Low: Injuries (or temporary), reversible illness requiring minor supportive
treatment.
5.7.3 Probability: It means what is the likelihood that the accident will occur?
5.7.3.1 Greater
5.7.3.2 Lesser
5.7.3.3 Each of these components, when evaluated independently, can be combined
together to determine Gravity of each hazard.
5.7.3.4 For example: A hazard with high severity and a greater probability would have
higher gravity than one with a low severity and lesser probability.
5.7.3.5 This can tabulated for sake of understanding.
Severity Probability Gravity
High Greater Greater
High Lesser Moderate
Medium Greater Moderate
Medium Lesser Moderate
Low Greater Moderate
Low Lesser low
5.7.3.6 This is not a rigid method, and can be made better with experience.
5.7.4 Following information or course of information may be found useful in analysing the
hazard.
5.7.4.1 Loss Reports
5.7.4.2 Injury & illness logs
5.7.4.3 Accident Reports
5.7.4.4 Incident or Near Miss Report
5.7.4.5 Employee Input
5.7.4.6 Supervisors observation
5.7.4.7 Job safety analysis
5.7.4.8 Inspection Reports
5.7.5 These sources of information can assist in building accident trend analysis. If
accident trends are acceptable, the same can indicate accident investigation and
corrective action /control, needs to be implemented. This may also include
evaluating procedures and supervision. Accident trends & alert to take a second
look and re-evaluates to determine proper control for hazards.
5.8 CONTROL
After hazards have been analyzed, it must be given the priority based on its overall
gravity. Hazards can then be controlled as:
5.8.1 Elimination of any hazard identified.
5.8.2 All other hazards will be controlled by using engineering or administrative controls
or combination of these as appropriate.
5.8.3 The supervisors to correct hazards within their control & ensure that remedial
measures for other hazards are planned and informed to management in ladder.
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Management will evaluate the remedial measures and implement them at all other
places. Administrative and work practice control for hazards is either designated as
a separate programme or be a part of the procedures adopted. PPE will be used as
a last option or as an interim measure. Supervisor shall monitor the progress of all
abatement procedures and ensure that all affected employees are apprised of the
status. Supervisor shall co-ordinate safety communication to all vendors, sub
contractors, employees working in the plant.
5.8.4 Supervisor shall provide feedback to the management the status of implemented
control, controls pending action, bottlenecks if any in implementation & needed
controls based on injuries, hazards and related regulation.
6. GENERAL INSTRUCTION FOR SAFETY
6.1 RESPONSIBILITY OF INDIVIDUALS
6.1.1 Individual responsibility is to act in such a manner so as to provide;

6.1.1.1 Safety to himself
6.1.1.2 Safety to his fellow employees
6.1.1.3 Protection to the public.
6.1.1.4 Protection to the companys property.
6.2 Every employee is expected to study the safety Manual, familiarize himself with
its contents and apply them to his work. Ignorance of rules and regulation will
result in accident to him and to his co-workers. Each employee must be very
much conversant with the supplied Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for Line
Clear Requisition/Issue/Receive/Return/Cancellation and the related FORMATS.
6.3 Whenever in doubt regarding any rules and regulations arise, he should consult
his supervisor or the person in charge of the work.
6.4 Before attempting any work under the conditions that he considers being
unsafe, bring it to the attention of the person-in-charge of work and seek his
advice.
6.5 It is the duty of every employee to report to his supervisor any dangerous or
improper condition of apparatus or equipment which comes to his notice.
6.6 Before starting any work on live lines or equipments, the work should be clearly
understood by each one.
6.7 Workers doing live line work shall devote their attention to the work in hand.
Unnecessary conversation with co workers should be avoided.
6.8 Where it is necessary for one man to change his working position on a pole or a
tower, the other man should not do any work on live conductors until the man
has reached his new position.
6.9 Place yourself in a safe and secure position to avoid slipping, stumbling or
moving backward against live conductors or apparatus. Do not rely for
protection upon the care assumed to be exercised by others.
6.10 Make a habit of being cautious. Be on the lookout for danger notice plates,
danger flags, warning boards and signals, etc. Warn others when they seem to be
in danger near live conductors or apparatus.

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6.11 Use of intoxicating liquor or drug and smoking while on job is strictly prohibited.
No employee shall report for work while he is under the influence of liquor and
Supervisor shall not knowingly permit a man to go to work while he is under the
influence of liquor / drug.
6.12 Practical joking and house play while on the job is strictly prohibited.
6.13 No employee shall distract the attention of other worker from his job unless he
thinks that the worker is doing something dangerous or risky either to his person
or equipment.
6.14 Smoking is strictly prohibited in the areas where it may cause fire hazards.
Specifically, in the areas like battery rooms, and locations where the flammable
liquid/materials are stored and used or other areas where combustible materials
are kept. Absence of No Smoking signs shall not be an excuse for smoking in
dangerous places.
6.14.1 DRESS CODE
6.14.2 Use of overalls, dungarees, jumpers and coats having metal buttons, metal straps
and similar metal fittings should be avoided. Bone buttons may be used. Buttons
should be sewed in place with thread. Use of Loose clothing should be strictly
prohibited.
6.14.3 While working on live conductors, do not roll up sleeves as dry cloth gives some
protection against shocks.
6.14.4 Do not wear suspenders and arm bands with metal buckles or other metal parts.
These might come in close proximity to live parts and may cause serious, if not
fatal, injury.
6.14.5 Metal key chains, or metal keepers for key rings or watch chains should not
remain exposed the outside the clothing. There is always a possibility that these
may come in contact with live conductors or live apparatus.
6.14.6 Wear goggles, safety glasses or any other eye protection as instructed by the
person-in-charge depending upon the type of work handled, particularly while
doing welding job.
6.15 PERSONAL CAUTION
6.15.1 It is in the workmans own interest to exercise utmost personal caution as
indicated below so as to prevent accidents and injury to him.
6.15.2 Every employee should consider the result of each act and no chances should
be taken that will endanger workmans own or other fellow workers life.
6.15.3 Always Be Careful (ABC). The workman should place himself in a safe position
while working to avoid falling, stumbling, slipping or moving backwards against
live parts.
6.15.4 The workman should satisfy himself regarding the safe working condition
before starting the work. The care exercised by others should be checked.
6.15.5 Before commencing the works he should examine all the required safety
equipments like ladders, gloves, safety harness, strap and rope etc.
6.16 TAKING CHANCE - Before commencing any work that may be hazardous or
otherwise, care shall be taken to establish a safe procedure. When more than
one employee is engaged in the same job, all employees concerned shall
understand the procedures to be followed (tailboard conference)

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6.16.1 It will be the duty of every employee to report promptly to his Supervisors of
any danger or improper condition of equipment noticed.
6.16.2 Think carefully before you act. Make sure you are right. Watch out for the other
man and make sure he is right.
6.16.3 Never talk to any person working upon live mains or apparatus, unless the
person doing the work is aware of your presence.
6.17 PHYSICAL FITNESS
6.17.1 Any employee who is unable to perform his duties due to illness or other
disability shall promptly report his condition to his immediate supervisor.
6.17.2 After absence from work due to injury, an employee may be required to pass a
physical examination to determine his fitness for duty.
6.18 GENERAL SAFETY PRECAUTIONS:-
6.18.1 HOUSE KEEPING
Workmen are frequently injured by tripping, stumbling, stepping on or
bumping into tools, material and other object, left lying around or by carelessly
placed object falling from above.
6.18.1.1 To ensure good housekeeping the following precautions should be observed:-
6.18.1.2 The place of work, both within the building and around the work area in switch
yard, should be kept neat and clean.
6.18.1.3 Handling and usage of flammable liquids, oils, cleaning solvents should be
carried out as per the prescribed manner so that they will not become the
potential source of fire hazard.
6.18.1.4 The storage area should be neatly maintained and the materials should be
stored systematically and in an orderly manner to prevent their falling or
spreading and to eliminate tripping and stumbling hazards.
6.18.1.5 Pathways, stairways, fire escapes surrounding area near the distribution
boards, control panels etc. and all other passage ways shall be kept clear from
all obstructions.
6.18.1.6 Tools and materials should not be placed where they may cause tripping or
stumbling hazards or where they may fall and strike anyone below.
6.18.1.7 Puddles of oil and water create a slipping hazard hence should be cleaned up
promptly.
6.18.1.8 Nails in boards, such as those removed from scaffolds, forms and packing
boxes, constitute a hazard and should be removed. The boards should be
carefully stacked or stored.
6.18.1.9 Dirty and oily waste rags should be deposited in approved container and
disposed off as soon as practicable to avoid fire hazard.
6.18.1.10 Broken light bulbs, glass, metal scrap and other sharp objects should be
dumped in place or containers provided specially for them.
6.18.1.11 Discarded fluorescent and other gas filled tubes shall be disposed off safety.
6.18.1.12 Broken insulators or other sharp edged material shall not be left in vacant lots,
along the right of way or in the location where the hazard of cutting feet could
be caused to men & animals.
6.18.1.13 Line materials, tools or equipment must not be scattered around street
sidewalks, highways, etc. but must be kept in a neat orderly manner, where
they will not be liable to cause accident.
6.18.2 STORING AND PILING OF MATERIALS
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6.18.2.1 Material stored in bulk quantity on a top, should be arranged so that the
weight is evenly distributed.
6.18.2.2 All stacks and piles should be protected against over-turning or other
movement.
6.18.2.3 Barrels, drums and kegs should be stored at the end or securely blocked to
prevent rolling.
6.18.2.4 Store the material at adequate/safe distance from the live equipments.
6.18.2.5 As per IE Rule (82A), no material or earth work or agricultural produce shall be
dumped or stored or trees grown below or in the vicinity of bare overhead
conductor lines so as to reduce the requisite safety clearances specified.
6.18.3 LIFTING, CARRYING & HOISTING HEAVY OBJECT
6.18.3.1 Employees should not attempt to lift beyond their capacity.
6.18.3.2 Employees should avoid twisting or excessive bending when lifting or setting
down load.
6.18.3.3 Pushing should be resorted to when moving a load horizontally, rather than
pulling.
6.18.3.4 Gripping, Grasping, and Lifting with Just the Thumb or index fingers should be
avoided & whole hand and all devices should be used.
6.18.3.5 Employees working at site should wear helmets
6.18.3.6 Manila or sisal rope sling should not be used over sharp metal corners and
edges; wire ropes with padding over sharp corners and edges may be
preferred.
6.18.3.7 No one shall stand or pass under any suspended load being handled by a
crane, derrick.
6.18.3.8 Several work men should not climb at the same time.
6.18.3.9 Some of the dependable rope knots and hitches are to be followed always for
their special purpose and advantage.
6.18.3.10 Safe loads should be lifted with various sizes of Manila and steel ropes under
different hitches. Undamaged ropes are to be used and the loads are to be
lifted without jerk. Monofilament and steeple fibre ropes also can be used of
special grades only, equipment to that of Manila ropes in respect of breaking
load having kept safety factor = 2.
6.18.3.11 Most lifting accidents are due to improper lifting methods rather than lifting
too heavy loads. When lifting heavy objects, the back should be kept close to
vertical and the lifting done with leg and arm muscles rather than with back
muscles.
6.18.3.12 Pipe, conduits, reinforcing rods and other conducting material should not be
carried on shoulder near exposed live electrical equipment or conductors.
6.18.3.13 Rope tackle and slings wherever required should be checked to ascertain that
they have sufficient strength to perform the work in hand.
6.18.4 CLEANING OF PARTS
6.18.4.1 With inflammable solvents
6.18.4.1.1 Adequate ventilation must be available to avoid fire explosion and health
hazards.
6.18.4.1.2 Avoid breathing solvent vapours.
6.18.4.1.3 Keep open flames and sparks away from inflammable liquids and their
vapours.
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6.18.4.1.4 Metal nozzle of a hose for spraying flammable solvents shall be grounded.
6.18.4.1.5 Goggles shall be used when blowing out dust with compressed air.
6.18.5 SUPPORTS & SCAFFOLDS

6.18.5.1 Do not stand taking support of any structure, pole equipment in the yard.
6.18.5.2 Do not use support for men, material/equipment to poles, scaffolds, Ladder,
walkway or Portion of tree, and any elevated structure; unless it is ensured
that they are firmly secure & adequate enough to take load. Do not stand by
taking above support
6.18.5.3 Scaffolding should be checked before use, for its strength, rigidity.
6.18.5.4 The footing and anchorage point for scaffolds shall be rigid enough, and
capable to carry the maximum load without settling or displacement.
6.18.5.5 Carry/shift the scaffolds/ladders carefully in the working yard.
6.18.5.6 Scaffolds should not be moved before all the Material/Tools/Equipment
removed from the scaffolds.
6.18.5.7 Employee working on suspended scaffold should be protected by an
independent life line/safety harness.
6.18.6 TRANSPORTATION
During transportation of huge and heavy equipments like ICT/AUTO
Transformers/Transformers adequate care should be taken for safe
transportation of the material to the destination as well as safe loading and
unloading. For the purpose, the following should be thoroughly surveyed prior
to transportation and adequate precautionary measures must be taken;
6.18.6.1 Path way Bridge condition and its load bearing capacity.
6.18.6.2 Its Height and road clearance.
6.18.6.3 Condition of the related road
6.18.6.4 Level crossings and their details like height etc.
6.18.6.5 Availability and use of adequate no of slippers.
6.18.6.6 Availability of skilled riggers
6.18.6.7 Expert gang for Loading & Un-loading of the materials.
6.18.7 PREVENTING FIRES AND EXPLOSIONS

6.18.7.1 Waste Paper, rages, and other combustible material should not be allowed to
accumulate, instead should be disposed off at the earliest possible time..
6.18.7.2 Inflammable liquid shall be kept / stored in clean & safe place with proper
labels.
6.18.7.3 Open flames & Smoking is Prohibited in all places where inflammable liquids,
or gases are stored.
6.18.7.4 Employee should be familiar with the placement location and proper use of
fire extinguishers,
6.18.7.5 As per IE Rules Section 43,
6.18.7.5.1 Covered Fire buckets filled with clean dry sand ready for immediate use for
extinguishing initial fire in addition to fire extinguishers shall be provided
6.18.7.5.2 First-Aid Boxes on cupboards conspicuously marked & equipped with all
prescribed First- Aid material shall be kept.
6.18.7.5.3 Two or more gas mask shall be provided.
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7. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT(PPE)
GENERAL
7.1 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) is defined as the equipment or device
used by an individual in the construction/operation and maintenance of sub-
stations, lines, power stations, machines and equipments so also during Civil
works etc. which protect him/her from any accidental hazard or near miss
incident & ensure his/her safety as well as the safety of the co-workers .
7.1.1 Corporation must provide required PPE of ISI mark and of reputed make for each
workman/engineer engaged in the construction/operation and maintenance of
sub-stations, lines, power stations, machines and equipments etc. It is also
mandatory for all Civil work site.
7.1.2 Site Engineer/Supervisor must ensure adherence of each individual
to the guidelines regarding use of PPE at the work site.
7.1.3 Employees shall use the PPE intended for respective job depending
upon the hazard. The PPE shall be examined by the employee before
and after its use. If any part of this equipment is found defective the
employee shall immediately bring this to the knowledge of the Site
Engineer/Supervisor concerned.
7.1.4 A register should be maintained for issue or PPEs by the officer-in-
charge for the work.
7.1.5 These PPE shall not be carried or stored by workers along with other
tools and such other objects that are likely to cause damage to the
PPEs.
The following are the minimum requirement of Safety devices &
Special tools / Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) having ISI mark
to be provided.
7.1.5.1 Rubber hand Gloves
7.1.5.2 Safety Shoes
7.1.5.3 Safety Harness
7.1.5.4 Ladder
7.1.5.5 Earthing devices
7.1.5.6 Helmet
7.1.5.7 EHV Detector
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7.1.5.8 Ropes
7.1.5.9 Hand tools like pliers, screw driver, chisel etc.
7.1.5.10 Goggles and Eye Shields
7.2 General Instructions
7.2.1 It is the responsibility of the employee to make use of PPE and safety
device properly.
7.2.2 Tools/Equipment must be stored in safe place after the work is over.
7.2.3 The use of the safety equipment/tools must be made mandatory
while working. The work site supervisor/engineer should ensure that
the workers are using the safety tools/equipment at work place.
7.2.4 The Person-in-charge of the work should ensure proper maintenance
and use of the safety equipment. The safety tools/ equipment shall
always be maintained in sound & efficient working condition.
7.2.4.1 All safety equipments shall be inspected periodically.
7.2.4.2 Any safety device found defective on inspection shall be repaired/
replaced immediately; if it is not possible to effect repair
replacement, the defective ones shall be discarded at once.
7.2.5 Pliers and other tools insulated with brittle material or otherwise
liable to have the insulation damaged when in use and the damaged
one should not be used.
7.2.6 The supervisor in charge of the work will be responsible to test and
ensure proper use of the safety equipment supplied to the gang of
workmen under him and see that it is maintained at all times in
efficient condition and must immediately bring to the notice of his
superior officer regarding the equipment which is unsafe and
arrangements should be made immediately for their replacement.
7.2.7 Rubber hand gloves should not be roughly handled so as to be
damaged. After the work, they should be cleaned, and powdered
with French chalk and stored in a safe place.
7.2.8 Rubber equipment should be kept clean and free from oil. They
should not be stored near a source of heat, or exposed unnecessarily
to direct Sun rays heat. They are best stored in protective container
and should not be tied by cords or threads which may cut it.
7.2.9 Safety harness should be properly handled. Before and after each use
the straps and ropes must be checked. Care should be taken to see
that sharp tools or edges do not cut dents and holes in it. Extra holes
should not be punched as it weakens the belt. It is best preserved in
a separate case.
7.2.10 Rubber gauntlets, gloves, boots and galoshes shall be inspected periodically.

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7.3 PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND FOOTWEAR:
7.3.1 All employees shall wear clothes and footwear suitable for the work.
7.3.2 While working, clothes shall fit well. There shall be no loose dhotis, pajamas,
flaps, strings, neckties, key chains near moving parts of machines.
7.3.3 Employees, while working, shall not wear shoes with projecting nails or other
types of metals parts liable to cause slipping. Only recommended safety boots
must be used.
7.3.4 Employees exposed to the danger of falling material, must wear safety helmets
and safety shoes.
7.3.5 Workmen working on the top of the ICT/Auto Transformer/Transformer should
not keep the small tools on the shirt pocket, which have got fair chances to be
slipped in to the Trf tank during work possession if the TORRET or Inspection
chamber is opened. Instead, they must use TOOL HOLDER for the purpose.
7.3.6 Employees working near live parts shall:
7.3.6.1 Avoid use of clothing with metal straps or buttons or buckles or any other metal
fittings and shall avoid hand chains or watch chains.
7.3.6.2 Not roll up their sleeves as dry cloth gives some protection against electric shock.
7.3.6.3 Should always wear recommended shockproof safety shoes.
7.4 SAFETY RUBBER HAND GLOVES
7.4.1 The rubber mats of appropriate quality should be kept in front of operating
panels/switches.
7.4.2 Rubber gloves shall be used in both the hands when;
7.4.2.1 Working on or near live voltages.
7.4.2.2 Cutting primary and common neutral ground wires to install grounding connect
plate.
7.4.2.3 Attaching or detaching leads in use
7.4.2.4 Opening and closing the isolators.
7.4.2.5 Working on street light circuits
7.4.2.6 And any other time when the Site Engineer or workmen may consider it
necessary
7.4.3 The right hand glove tears out more quickly than the left hand one and in cases
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of this type; the whole pair should be condemned. Under no circumstance

should left hand gauntlet be used on the right which may lead to near miss
incident/accidents.
7.4.4 The following procedure shall be observed for inspection and maintenance on
rubber equipment:
7.4.4.1 Rubber equipment shall be examined for scratches and abrasions before and
after use. The equipment shall not be used if found defective.
7.4.4.2 Rubber equipments shall be tested as follow:
7.4.4.2.1 Rubber gloves shall be tested for holes by air test before and after use, i.e. by
trapping the air in the glove and squeezing the trapped air into various parts.
7.4.4.2.2 In an electrical laboratory for insulation at an interval not exceeding six months
in accordance with IS-4770, 1968 and latest amendment thereof, if any. Date of
test shall be marked on the equipment.
7.4.4.3 Rubber equipment shall not be folded or allowed to come in contact with sharp
objects.
7.4.4.4 Rubber equipment shall not be exposed to oil or grease or sun when not in use.
7.4.4.5 Rubber equipment shall be kept clean. French chalk shall be used as preservative
for storage of safety gloves.
7.4.4.6 Rubber deteriorates under high temperatures. As such it is preferable to store
rubber equipment in cooler places after drying when wet.
7.4.4.7 Rubber equipment shall not be stored near batteries or acid stores and near live
apparatus, i.e. where ionization or corona may be present, as this causes rapid
deterioration of rubber.
7.5 FULL BODY SAFETY HARNESS ( SAFETY BELT )
7.5.1 Safety Belts should invariably be used in all cases while working on overhead
system, above two meters, like transmission lines, bus-bars, sub-station
equipments etc. The belts may be equipped with leather straps or pockets for
carriage of tools. Chains and wire hooks shall not be used for this purpose.
7.5.2 Safety straps/hooks, when in use, shall be passed around a dependable member
of the tower/structure and not around any cross arms, pins or braces.
7.5.3 The following procedure shall be observed for inspection and maintenance of
Safety harness:
7.5.3.1 No changes and alterations (including punching of extra holes) shall be done to
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belts and straps without authorization:

7.5.3.2 Belts and straps shall not be dropped or thrown from an elevation.
7.5.3.3 Belts and straps shall not be exposed to heat. These belts shall be kept out of
range from blow torches, furnaces and other sources of heat or sharp objects.
7.5.3.4 Belts and straps should not be allowed to come in contact with sharp objects,
batteries and acids.
7.5.3.5 Belts and straps shall be wiped with clean rag after work in rain and then allowed
to dry at room temperature.
7.5.3.6 Employees using the safety belts shall be fully conversant with proper and
correct method of wearing and removing of belt.
7.5.3.7 Safety Belt should be checked for its wear and tear before and after each use.
7.5.3.8 One Safety Belt should not be used after its recommended use period as
mentioned by the supplier.
7.6 SAFETY HELMET
7.6.1 Helmet should be an Industrial Safety Helmet having ISI mark and of reputed
make. It must be used by everybody , employee or authorized visitor , when
entering the switchyard of a sub-station or entering any work site .
7.7 GOGGLES AND EYE SHIELDS
7.7.1 Employees shall wear approved type of goggles or eye shields wherever there is
danger from harmful fumes radiations, flying particles or continuous sparks.
7.7.2 Goggles or eye shields should be worn while performing the following
operations:
7.7.2.1 Welding and burning:
7.7.2.2 Using grinders, jackhammers, pneumatic tools, chisels, shapers and drills;
7.7.2.3 Painting and scraping
7.7.2.4 Brushing or blowing machines for cleaning;
7.7.2.5 Handling acids, strong alkalis.

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7.8 PROTECTIVE DEVICES:

7.8.1 EARTH DISCHARGE ROD
7.8.2
7.8.2.1 Approved Earth discharge rod having ISI mark & of reputed make shall be used
on all works.
7.8.2.2 To maintain proper/effective earthing it is to ensure that its clamps are in good
condition, cables are not broken or frayed and all connections are sound.
7.8.3 EHV DETECTOR
7.8.3.1 EHV Detector must be used to check the bus-bar/equipment/jumpers/lines

before doing any work inside the Switchyard and EHT Lines. Before checking, it
should be ensured that EHV Detector is in good working condition& safety hand
gloves should be used in both the hands while using the EHV Detector.
7.8.4 HANDLINES AND CANVAS BAGS
7.8.4.1 All tools, protective equipment and light material shall be raised or lowered by
means of hand lines or canvas bags. No tool shall be tossed up or down.
7.8.4.2 Hand line shall be of fiber rope and at least twice as long as the highest point of
suspension from where the work is being done.
7.8.4.3 Hand lines shall not have wire reinforcements and where it is necessary to
connect two hand lines permanently a splice shall be used. No metal wire or
clamps shall be used in making the splice.
7.8.4.4 Before commencing work, employees shall free themselves from the hand line
and fasten the same to a solid attachment for use as supply line.
7.8.4.5 Hand lines shall not be left lying on street or road and shall not be used for lacing
of scaffolding or for handling heavy material or equipment.
7.8.4.6 Hand lines shall be kept dry, free from oil kinks or knots.
7.9 TOOLS:
Page 47 of 136
7.9.1 Employees shall use the right tools for each job and tools, which develop defects
while in use, shall not be used until the defects have been rectified.
7.9.2 Portable electric tools shall be equipped with 3-wire cord having the ground wire
permanently connected to the tool frame and means for grounding the other
end. Portable hand lamps shall be equipped with proper guards. The lamp holder
shall not be in metallic contact with the handle and the guard.
7.9.3 The extension cords shall not be dragged over sharp or rough surfaces or
subjected to pressure by passing vehicles or material over them.
7.9.4 For work in transformer tanks, oil circuit breaker tanks and other confined
locations, which, due to earthing conditions present a serious widespread
electrical contact hazard, only low voltage lighting equipments not exceeding 24
volts shall be used.
7.9.5 Pliers, wrenches, etc., whether insulated or not, shall not be used without rubber
gloves while working near live parts.
7.9.6 Metal measuring taps and rules and tapes having metal threads woven in them
shall not be used in the vicinity of live apparatus.
7.9.7 Impact tools such as, chisels, punches, hammers and wedges with mushroomed
heads shall not be used.
7.9.8 Axes, shovels and similar tools shall not be used if handles are loose, cracked or
splintered.
7.9.9 Defective open and adjustable wrenches with spread jaws or pipe wrenches with
dull teeth shall not be used.
7.9.10 Pipe or other extensions shall not be used on wrench handles to increase the
leverage unless the wrenches are specifically designed for such end extension.
7.9.11 Only competent persons shall be allowed to handle blowtorches and fire pots.
7.10 SAFE SUPPORTS:
7.10.1 No employee or any material or equipment, shall be supported, or permitted to
be supported, or any portion of a tree pole structure, scaffold, ladder or any
other elevated structure unless the support is adequately strong and properly
secured in place.
7.10.2 All supports shall have a factor of safety of at least 4. This however, does not
apply to supports for electrical overhead lines.
7.10.3 PORTABLE LADDERS:
7.10.3.1 All portable ladders shall be equipped with non-slip bases and care shall be

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exercised in placing and blocking or lashing or having the ladder held by

someone especially upon oily, metal or concrete surfaces.
7.10.3.2 The bottom of the ladder shall not be kept away from the wall more than one
fourth of the length of the ladder.
7.10.3.3 Step ladders shall be fully opened before being used.
7.10.3.4 While going up or down a ladder, always face the ladder and use both hands.
7.10.3.5 Ladders shall not be placed in front of doors or windows opening towards the
ladder, unless doors or windows are locked.
7.10.3.6 Ladders, when fallen or struck, shall be carefully inspected for possible damage,
ladders with weaken, broken or missing steps or otherwise defective, shall not
be used.
7.10.3.7 Wooden ladders for outdoor use shall be given a suitable coating of clear varnish
or linseed oil or bituminous paint. Metallic paint shall not be used in wooden
ladders.
7.10.3.8 Portable ladders shall not be used in sub-station or switching station containing
exposed high voltage conductor without the authority of authorized person. All
portable ladders when used in a sub-station shall be locked to suitable
anchorage when not in use. Portable ladders shall not be used in the vicinity of
live parts.
7.11 PROTECTIVE TEMPORARY BARRIERS:
7.11.1 Work site in a charged switchyard must be properly cordoned by safety ribbon
making it a SAFETY ZONE .
7.11.2 When work is conducted along a public street or highway, pedestrians and
vehicular shall be warned by signs and red flags during day and red lights or
flares during night. Whenever necessary, a signalman shall be posted.
7.11.3 Barriers and Sign Board shall be placed around hazardous operations, open
manholes and exposed open ditches.
7.11.4 Barriers and Sign Board for protection from live parts should be ensured.
7.11.5 Protective barriers for use near live parts shall not be made of material not
known to have high insulating qualities and care shall be taken to observe
adequate clearance with live part.
7.11.6 The safety zone shall be clearly recorded and caution/danger notices applied.
7.12 Body part wise Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) list

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BODY PART
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE
TO BE PROTECTION AGAINST
EQUIPMENT
PROTECTED
Head Industrial safety helmet Falling objects and striking against objects
1. Face Shield with 1. Frontal Hazards against Splash of

replaceable Acrylic Vision2. Chemicals. 2. Protection from Dust. 3.
Face
Dust respirator3. Gas Mask Protection from heavy pollution / smoke &
/ Breathing Apparatus UMS/Gases
1. Eye Injuries due to flying objects while

1. Zero Power Plain Goggles
Grinding, Machining etc.2. Radiation Due to
with Cup Type Filters on Both
Sparks/ Flames during Gas Cutting.3.
Sides2. Zero Power Goggles
Radiation due to Electric Welding and
with Cup Type Filter on
Cutting.
Both Sides and Blue
Eyes
colourGlasses.3. Welders
Equipment for Eye and Face
protection
1. Contact with abrasive and chemicals.2. Sharp

1. Electrical Safety Gloves edge Works
2. Safety Harness 3. Electric Shock.
Body 4. Contact with Moderately Hot Substances

During Welding, Cutting and Grinding.
5. Work while on ladders / Overhead equipment.

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8. SAFETY DOCUMENTS AND PERMIT SYSTEM

General
8.1 The Permit/clearance procedure for attending any work/test is intended to meet the
following principal requirements in relation to potentially dangerous jobs: -
(a)Safety of men at works
(b)Safety of associated equipment
(c)Safety of the system
8.1.1 The above requirements are to be achieved by providing safe working conditions,
essential information and guidance to the men at work, checking arrangements to
ensure reliability of highest order through the use of Permit to Work (PTW), Sanction
for Test, Station Guarantee, Self Protection Tag and Danger Notice.
8.1.2 Clearance procedure is equally applicable to electrical and mechanical works.
8.1.3 For Shutdown of 132 KV or above, permission as per codal provision of SLDC is to be
taken except in emergency.
8.1.4 Safety is ensured by following certain well defined Policies, procedures and methods
during Construction, Operation & Maintenance. The objective of Safety
Documentation System is to ensure that written instructions & guideline are available
and are to be followed strictly.
8.1.5 Safety document system is an essential part of safety management by following safety
Rules/Procedures & precautions so that the safety is ensured.
8.1.6 These Rules/Procedures & precautions are documented and the documents are issued
by the shift in charge, being signed by him and sealed, with strict instructions to be
followed up at appropriate stage. These safety documents are also useful in
investigation and analysis of accident& Near Miss Incident.
8.1.7 Along with the Single Line Diagram (SLD), the Control circuit diagram and the Cable lay
out drawing of the respective Grid should be kept in the CONTROL room of that Grid
8.1.8 Following are the written Documents/Registers to be maintained by the sub-station in
charge;
(a) Line Clearance (L/C) Work Book, separate for L/C Requisition, L/C Issue and
L/C Return.
(b) Permission from Electrical Inspector for charging.
(c) Authorization Chart
(d) Office Records:
1. Operation Log Book, Hourly reading Log Sheet
2. Site Test Report
3. Factory Test Reports
4. Tripping Register
5. Equipment maintenance Register/Maintenance Schedules/Safety Audit.
6. Inspection Register/Record.
7. Daily Maintenance Register
8. Incident Register
9. Accident Register
10. Fire Register

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8.2 Provisions in Indian Electricity Rules 1956

8.2.1 As per Indian Electricity Rules 1956(As amended up to 25th Nov 2000)
8.2.2 Chapter-VII , Rule-63 Sub-Rule:3
8.2.2.1 The owner of any High or Extra High Voltage installation who make any addition
or alteration to his installation shall not connect/supply his apparatus or Electric
line Comprising some alternation or addition unless and until such alternation or
addition have been approved in writing by the Electrical Inspector.
8.2.3 Authorization Chart as per Chapter-I,Rule-3 Sub-Rule: 3
8.2.3.1 No person shall be deemed to be authorized under sub-section (1) unless his
name has been entered in the list maintained at the office or premises of the
person authorizing him and giving the purpose for which such person is
authorized and the entry has been attested by the authorized person and the
person authorizing him.
8.2.3.2 Every list maintained under sub-rule (3) shall be produced before an Inspector,
as and when required.
8.2.4 Chapter-IV,Rule-46 Sub-Rule:1
8.2.4.1 Every such Installation shall be periodically inspected and tested at interval not
exceeding five years.
8.2.5 Chapter-VII,Rule-65 Sub-Rule:6
8.2.5.1 Record of all Tests, Tripping, Maintenance works, Record of all Equipment
&Transmission Line shall be duly kept in such a way that these records can be
compared with earlier one.
8.2.6 Chapter-VII,Rule-65 Sub-Rule:1
8.2.6.1 Before approval is accorded by the Inspector under Chapter-VII, Rule 63, the
manufacturers test certificate shall, if required, be produced for all routine tests
as required under the relevant Indian Standard.
8.2.7 As per IS 5216 Part I Sr. No.4
8.2.7.1 All Messages and instructions relating to the operation of switches and other
important communication concerning the work shall be recorded in the register
of Messages.
8.2.8 The issue of Line Clear shall be entered in the log book or log sheet either in red
ink or should be underlined.
8.2.8.1 Line Clear Requisition/Issue/Return System
8.2.9 General Instructions :Whatever minimum/small work to be done by
anybody in the existing charged Grid/Sw. Station/Line may be , he/she has to
follow the prescribed Line Clear Requisition/Issue/Return System of the
Corporation .
8.3 Line Clear Requisition :
8.3.1 Requisition for work on specific Apparatus / Equipment/Transformer/Switchgear/Bus
system /Switchyard lighting/Cable system both control and power/ Distribution box
or any other part of a Switchyard of any existing / charged Grid S/S or Switching
Station AND on any existing charged HT/EHT line must be applied by an authorised
Engineer ( if it is a indispensible equipment or any apparatus associated with shut
down of one feeder leading to load shedding of any area , the requisition must be
done with the knowledge of the appropriate authority) in the prescribed L/C
Requisition Form as annexed in Chapter-16 (FORMAT) .
8.3.1.1 Authorised requisitioning officer must mention in the L/C Requisition clearly the
name of particular Apparatus/Equipment/Transformer/Switchgear /Bus system

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/Switchyard lighting/Cable system both control and power/ Distribution box or

any other part so also the name of specific Bay or area of the switch yard OR
the specific span/tower no. of a EHT Line where he or she will work.
8.3.1.2 Separate requisition should be done by the same requisitioning engineer for
separate work at different places, e.g., for work in the Grid/Sw. Stn and in
different Lines.
8.3.1.3 If more than one Department is going to work on the same apparatus or line,
separate L/C to work should be requisitioned by separate Department.
8.3.1.4 For any extension work and its charging in the existing Grid or EHT Line, by the
Construction wing, all work should be done with the knowledge of the O&M
authorities specifically the Grid / Line in-charge to avoid any disastrous incident.
Any work or Testing should be done with the proper Line clear permit availed by
the Construction in-charge from the Grid/Line in-charge as per the prevailing
procedure.
8.3.1.5 In case of DISCOM engineer ( not below the rank of one S.D.O ) requisitioning
for L/C on a particular 33 Kv feeder (i) he/she must produce a writing from the
concerned Executive Engineer that he/she is the in-charge of that feeder (ii)
must mention the particular work & place/area/pole location no. he/she is going
to attend (iii) probable time of returning the line clear (iv)furnish NO BACK FEED
CERTIFICATE .
8.4 Line Clear Issue :
8.4.1 The written document Line Clear Issue to work shall be issued for safe working
& precautions to be taken at work spot.
8.4.1.1 After having a L/C Requisition from the authorised engineer in the prescribed
REQUISITION format, the Shift in-charge of the particular shift must examine the
received L/C requisition thoroughly , whether all the furnished information are
ok/relevant or not .
8.4.1.2 The shift in-charge must be very thorough regarding the existing system.
8.4.1.3 The concerned Operator/Technician in-charge of the shift should be informed
regarding the equipment/apparatus/line on which the L/C to be issued.
8.4.1.4 If it is related to shut down of any 132 KV or above line or any Power
Transformer / Auto Transformer / ICT resulting to affect the system , for
safety/consistency of the system , S.L.D.C must be informed and taken to
confidence prior to consideration of issue of L/C .
8.4.1.5 The concerned Circuit breaker(s)/Switch(s) should be made off & confirmed in
the switchyard regarding the break of all the 3(three) phases of the circuit. The
spring should be discharged if the breaker has a spring charged mechanism. In
any type of machine, it has to be left with minimum energy level.
8.4.1.6 Related isolators of both the sides should be isolated and checked for its
complete isolation.
8.4.1.7 Mains and Apparatus discharged and earthed and all the adjacent live parts
adequately protected.
8.4.1.8 All the related Isolators should be in LOCKED open position. The related Earth
switch should be locked in closed position. The Keys of both the above locks
should be under the custody of the shift-in-charge, and should not be opened till
the particular L/C is returned.
8.4.1.9 Switches of all related Control panels should be made inoperative and all related
fuses should be taken out and kept in custody of the shift-in-charge.

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8.4.1.10 MAN AT WORK board shall be hanged/ attached in all related switches in the
control room. Also MAN AT WORK board shall be hanged/ attached in all
related Isolators and critical places in the switchyard.
8.4.1.11 Danger Notice Plate shall be attached in conspicuous place on the mains and
apparatus and all other control points under the L/C to Work.
8.4.1.12 The entry in the Operator Log Sheet, Shift engineer Operation Log book should
be immediately made to the effect that the mains and apparatus / line under L/C
are made DEAD.
8.4.1.13 These should not be made alive until the return of single L/C / multiple L/C sand
the Keys by the concerned working Engineer/Engineers.
8.4.1.14 With proper signature and CODE WORD (if required), L/C should be issued.
8.4.1.15 The work spot may be far away from the switching sub-station. Hence the L/C to
work shall be issued with the necessary precautions to be taken at the work
spot.
8.4.2 Application for Pre-arranged shutdown: Except for emergencies, all works for
repairs, maintenance and construction on or in close proximity of live apparatus
and mains, shall be prearranged and programmed. Accordingly, applications for
prearranged shutdowns shall be submitted by the working engineers to the shift-
in-charge of the issuing station, in the prescribed form, for switching off the
apparatus and issue of L/C to work. These applications shall be made sufficiently
in advance to enable the L/C Issuing Officer to carry out necessary load
management, if any and other operations are connected with the work. The
duration and nature of the work must be clearly explained to the L/C Issuing
Officer before getting a permit.
8.4.2.1 Transfer of permit to work from one Supervisor to another is strictly prohibited.
If there is more than one working party, separate permits should be issued to the
Supervisor in charge of each working party and a written record should be kept
of the number of such permits issued for each work.
8.4.2.2 If work is of such a nature and duration that it has to be carried out continuously
but under the supervision of more than one Supervisor in shift duty, the L/C to
work form shall be endorsed by the L/C Issuing Officer cancelling the name of
the supervisor to whom it was originally issued and substituting the name of the
second or subsequent Supervisor to whom the permit will now become valid.
The time of each endorsement should be noted on the L/C to work form and
its duplicate.
8.4.2.3 When change of shift occurs during the pendency of a L/C permit, the outgoing
shift-in-charge shall specifically orally inform the incoming in-charge as well as by
logging in handing over note, regarding the L/C permit which is pending.
8.4.2.4 The incoming in charge operator shall also note the pendency of the permit
8.4.3 Issue and return of permit shall only be in person or on PLCC (sub-station)
equipment/ CUG & not on mobile or landline phone.
8.4.3.1 Where written permits, in emergency cases cannot be requisitioned/issued in
person, line clear should be requisitioned /issued on PLCC/ CUG phone. In such
cases, massage thereof shall be recorded by the person who receives the line
clear permit and shall be confirmed by the sender of the massage to ensure that
both parties are quite clear as to its purpose and use of secret CODE WORD
must be adopted. Such instructions shall be recorded in specially maintained
line clear permit books and Message Books (In & Out)at both ends. The

Page 54 of 136
duplicate copies of the line clear permits and Message book should be sent by
post as soon as possible for record after duty, cancelling the same. These books
should be periodically reviewed by the Division-in-charge.
8.4.3.2 L/C Permit book should be treated as an important record. The sheets and the
books themselves should be serially numbered. No page should be detached or
used for any other purpose. If any paper is inadvertently detached then dated
and initialled statement must be taken and recorded in the book by the person
responsible for it.
8.5 RESPOSIBILITY OF THE ENGINEER IN-CHARGE OF WORK SITE AFTER AVAILING
THE LINE CLEAR PERMIT
8.5.1 The person-in-charge, before allowing any workman to commence work on the
mains and apparatus/line, shall take the following precautions:
8.5.2 Pre Employment Preparatory Talk (PEP TALK): Explain the nature of work, zone
of work, schedule of work, hazards involved and the precautions taken by the
L/C permit issuing authority to ensure the safety of the workmen and also the
precautions to be taken by them during the progress of the work. It is necessary
for the exposure of the working gang.
8.5.3 The Supervisor in charge of a work shall keep with him a complete list of all
persons who are working on the particular job along with their signature prior to
proceeding to work. All other persons shall be warned to keep away from the
area.
8.5.4 No employee shall carryout or attempt any work on live apparatus or work in
proximity of open conductor unless the working supervisor/engineer has
necessary L/C to work, issued by competent authority.
8.5.5 No person shall carry out or attempt any work on live mains or apparatus
without a L/C-to-work and under the direct supervision of a competent person.
Prior to starting the work, the person-in-charge of the work must examine and
be satisfied regarding the isolation and DEADEN condition of the apparatus or
line they are going to take up the work. EHV detectors in working condition must
be used to ensure the Bus/Equipment/Transformer/Line is DEAD. While using
EHV detectors particularly in lines the condition of the DEAD condition of line
must be doubly ensured as the detectors may sometimes give false signals due
to induction.
8.5.6 The special instructions to provide safe working conditions shall be rigidly
complied with by all persons at all times when working on a job with aL/C-to-
work. Any one disregarding these instructions or behaving in a manner likely to
cause danger, either to himself or to co-workers or to any equipment, should be
punished after due Departmental Proceeding.
8.5.7 The person-in-charge before allowing any workmen to commence work on
the mains and apparatus , must ensure that ;
8.5.7.1 All the workmen along with the person-in-charge have used all the related
Personal Protective Equipments (PPE) like Safety Gloves , Helmet , Safety Boot ,
Safety Belt(full body safety harness) for working on
towers/structures/equipment ,safety glass, eye shield , safety mask etc .
8.5.7.2 The place of work is cordoned by safety ribbon and a safety zone is formed to
work.

Page 55 of 136
8.5.7.3 Mobile phone is switched OFF. Only departmentally supplied Walkie Talkie is
allowed at the work site inside the Grid premises. For line work also, in no case
the Mobile phone should be switched ON.
8.5.7.4 All the related T&P, tools and tackles must be taken to work site prior to starting
the work.
8.5.7.5 The authorised persons should only be allowed to work on the equipments /
transformers / structures / towers / lines etc.
8.5.7.6 To be ensured that the system where it is to be worked are disconnected from
both the ends and totally DEAD.
8.5.7.7 Both side of the working system are permanently earthed.
8.5.7.8 Temporary earths are done at both sides in all the three phases using Discharge
rods of appropriate capacity and make.
8.5.7.9 Working on 33 kV feeders Double Isolators, reserve side being charged, must be
avoided.
8.5.7.10 In exigencies of the situation, if it is extremely urgent and the feeder cannot be
hand tripped, than, it may be attended by highly expert and qualified work man
in physical presence of the engineer in charge of the work.
8.5.7.11 While working in Lines, before touching the conductors, each conductor shall be
checked discharged by EHV Detector and connected well to earth by means of
discharge rods.
8.5.7.12 This shall be done at two points on each side of the place of work in all the three
phases. In addition, the conductors should be earthed locally at the tower on
which work is actually carried out, as per standard practice.
8.5.7.13 When Hot line maintenance is done in Double circuit lines in emergency cases it
should be done by expert and authorised gang only. The minimum distance from
the conductors of the live circuit and where the men working on the dead circuit
shall be as per the statutory standards prescribed in Acts & Rules.
8.5.7.14 Only minor works of the nature of placing insulators, binding etc. may be done
when the other circuit is alive. Works such as stringing conductors etc. involving
greater risks may be done under special circumstances and under the personal
supervision of the competent authorized or Hot line maintenance officer
specially deputed for such purpose.
8.5.8 All the O&M and Construction works carried out by the respective working
Engineer of Corporation , must be as per the separate OPTCL OPERATION
MANUAL & CONSTRUTION MANUAL already in vogue for the O&M and
Construction respectively .
8.5.9 After completion of the work, it is to be ensured that no T&P, tackles are left
over at any Apparatus/Tower.
8.5.10 The work place is thoroughly cleaned of replaced defective parts , broken
insulators , oil barrels , small structure/tower members , pieces of aluminium
conductors , nut-bolt-washers ,cotton waste etc and these should be taken to
their respective places away from the switchyard , must be kept in an organised
way .
8.5.11 Removal of all Men & Material must be ensured from the work site.
8.6 LINE CLEAR RETURN :
8.6.1 The same person who takes the L/C permit should return it. Even the issuer and
the receiver of a permit is one and the same person, a permit should be issued as

Page 56 of 136
self permit and cancelled after the work is over by him/her. This procedure
should be rigidly followed.
8.6.2 L/C Permits taken in person should be returned by the same person. In case of
exigencies , if the OPTCL engineer who availed the L/C is unable to be present in
person for returning the L/C due to departmental work occupation , may be
returned over PLCC/CUG phone using CODE WORD and taking the L/C issuing
officer in to confidence .Somehow or rather, this should be in extremely
necessary cases and can never be treated as precedence.
8.6.3 CODE words may be adopted for permits issued and returned over phone
in exigencies of situation.
A STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE (SOP) FOR LINE CLEAR REQUISITION
/ ISSUE / RETURN IS AVAILABLE AT THE END OF CHAPTER-10
SUBSEQUENTLY.
8.7 RESTORATION PROCESS OF THE SYSTEM AFTER THE LINE CLEAR IS
RETURNED
8.7.1 After the Line Clear Permit is returned , the shift-in-charge is to be
confirmed whether all the permit(s) are returned , if more than one L/C was
issued on the same apparatus/line .
8.7.2 Being thoroughly confirmed regarding the return of the entire L/C permit,
the Shift in-charge may initiate for charging of the apparatus or line under
shut down.
8.7.3 It must be ensured that all the man and materials are removed from the
work site.
8.7.4 All the temporary earths are removed.
8.7.5 Earth switches are opened at all ends (Start Grid - T Grid -End Grid) of the
line.
8.7.6 The earth switch is then to be removed.
8.7.7 Danger plate or MAN AT WORK board should be removed.
8.7.8 Inside the control room, all the MAN AT WORK board should be removed.
8.7.9 Panel fuses removed during issue of L/C, are to be replaced.
8.7.10 After thorough checking of the control & relay panels, the related
switch/breaker switch may be made on to normalise the supply.
8.8 MINIMUM TOOLS FOR WORK
8.8.1 Six sets of cable type discharge rods with ISI mark.
8.8.2 Good quality focus Torch (4nos) with fresh cells
8.8.3 First Aid Box with prescribed content
8.8.4 Tool Box (2nos) containing Insulation tape, all size Ring &DE spanners, Allen
key set, insulated pliers (big, small size) Insulation cutter etc.
8.8.5 H.R.C. fuses of various capacities as used in the control panels.
8.8.6 Ladder (4nos. of different sizes)
8.8.7 Poly Propylene Rope of different diameter
8.8.8 A/C extension Board with adequate wiring set.
8.8.9 Tongue Tester.
8.8.10 Motorized Meggar (5kv& 2.5kv)
8.8.11 Multi meter with cord.
8.8.12 Danger Boards / MAN AT WORK board.
8.8.13 Good quality safety hand gloves

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8.9 DISPLAY LIST OF IMPORTANT TELEPHONE NUMBERS (at an easily

accessible/visible space in the Gird / Sw. Station & the construction work
site);
8.9.1 Police station of concerned Area.
8.9.2 Ambulance service (nearest to S/S)
8.9.3 If departmental or departmentally hired vehicle is not available, nearest
Travel Agency
8.9.4 Govt. Hospital(s) (nearest to S/S)
8.9.5 Any other private hospital(s) (nearest to S/S)
8.9.6 Any Doctor nearer to the S/S
8.9.7 Nearest Govt or Corporate Hospital where Anti Snake Venom (ASV) is
available
8.9.8 Fire brigade station (nearest to S/S)
8.9.9 Electrical Inspector of that zone
8.9.10 Mobile number of following persons should also be displayed;
8.9.10.1 Substation in charge
8.9.10.2 District Collector
8.9.10.3 Superintendent of Police
8.9.10.4 Officer in-charge of the Police station
8.9.10.5 CGM(O&M)
8.9.10.6 Concerned Circle in charge
8.9.10.7 Concerned Division in charge
8.9.10.8 Corporate Safety Officer
8.9.10.9 Local public representative
9. FIRST-AID AND FIRE SAFETY

9.1 FIRST-AID
First aid is the first assistance or treatment given to a casualty for any injury or
sudden illness, with the available resources at the place of occurrence, before
the arrival of an ambulance or a qualified paramedical /medical person. It may
involve improvising with facilities and materials available at the site.
9.1.1 GENERAL
9.1.1.1 Immediately remove the patient from the source of accident or remove the
cause of injury.
9.1.1.2 Keep the affected people lying down in a comfortable position; his/her head in
level with his/her body. This is prevention against fainting. Never pick him/her
up by head and heel.
9.1.1.3 Severe hemorrhage must receive immediate attention, no matter what other
injuries are present.
9.1.1.4 If the breathing is ceased, immediate measures must be taken to restore it.
The patient should be in a position to breath freely.
9.1.1.5 If the patient has received burns attend to them.
9.1.1.6 When the patient has fractured a bone, no attempt must be made to move the
patient until the bone has been rendered as much immovable as practicable
unless life is in danger from some other cause.

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9.1.1.7 Treat the patient for shock.

9.1.1.8 Send for medical help or ambulance immediately.
9.1.1.9 Never give water or liquid to an unconscious patient.
9.1.1.10 Keep bye-standers away from the patient.
9.1.1.11 Dont allow the patient see his/her own injury.
9.1.1.12 Keep the patient warm. Avoid over application of external heat, but maintain
normal body temperature.
9.1.1.13 Air should not be blocked in place where the patient has been kept.
You can start the FIRST-AID with the simple notation D R A B C:

D : DANDER REMOVAL Remove the danger from the casualty or remove the
casualty from the danger.
THEN TO ASSESS THE CONDITION OF THE CASUALTY;
R :RESPONSE Check the response of the casualty by three simple methods;

(i) Call near the patients ear in a bit louder voice & observe the response.
(ii) Shake both the shoulders of the casualty & observe the reaction.
(iii) Give a gentle pain to the ear lobe or below the foot & observe.
A : AIR WAYS OPENING Lift the chin and tilt the head resulting in removal of
obstruction of air passage due to falling of tongue or any foreign body in the mouth
B : Check the breathing of the casualty by LOOK, LISTEN & FEEL leaning on
his/her face with your nose on his/her ear & your face towards his/her chest
(i) Look for chest or abdominal movement
(ii) Listen for breathing sounds
(iii) Feel the air coming out of the nose or mouth
The rate of breathing per minute on an average is 18(eighteen). Count the breathing
rate for 10 seconds, if it is other than 3or4, it may be abnormal.
C : CIRCULATION OF BLOOD Check the pulse rate at the neck from CAROTID
PULSE. This pulse can be felt by placing the finger tips gently on the voice box &
sliding them down into the hollow between the voice box and the adjoining muscle.
The normal pulse rate per minute on an average is 72. Count the breathing rate for
10 seconds, if it is other than 12 to 14, it may be abnormal.
If you assess the condition of the casualty normal from above A B C , you can put the
casualty in RECOVERY POSITION and continue observing his/her breathing & circulation.

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If the breathing and circulation is not normal, you can immediately start ARTIFICIAL
RESPIRATION & CARDIO PULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR) till the normal breathing &
pulse rate is restored or till the casualty reaches the hospital. (Process of Artificial
respiration and CPR are described subsequently)
9.1.2 EXTERNAL HAEMORRHAGE (BLEEDING):Bleeding wounds should be treated as

follows:
9.1.2.1 Elevate the bleeding part from the heart level except in the case of a fractured
limb.
9.1.2.2 Clean the wound and apply antiseptic all over the wound and the surrounding
skin and cover with a dry dressing. Cover the dressing with cotton wool, lint,
etc. and apply a bandage over the dressing.
9.1.3 INTERNAL HAEMORRHAGE:
9.1.3.1 BLEEDING FROM LUNGS:
9.1.3.2 SYMPTOMS:
9.1.3.2.1 If the bleeding is from the lungs the blood will be bright red and frothy arid
will be coughed out. (If the bleeding is from the stomach, the blood will be
brownish and is vomited).
9.1.3.2.2 Send for the nearby doctor at once, if not possible to move the patient to
the dispensary or hospital immediately.
9.1.3.2.3 Keeps the patient lying on his back as flat as possible. Turn the head to one
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side for vomiting and coughing.

9.1.3.2.4 If the seat of the hemorrhage is known, apply an ice bag of a cold compress
over the region.
9.1.3.2.5 Give nothing by mouth, except in case of hemorrhage from the lungs when
ice may be given.
9.1.3.2.6 Use encouraging words to the patient..
9.1.4 PHYSICAL SHOCK:

9.1.4.1 Condition: Shock is a condition of sudden depression of the nervous system
resulting from and occurring after every case of accident or sudden illness
out of a near miss incident. It may vary from the slight feeling of faintness to
a condition of collapse in which the vital forces of body are so exhausted
that death may result.
9.1.4.2 Symptoms: Symptoms of shock may reflect as pale face and murmuring lips,
cold moist skin, rapid and weak pulse, shallow and irregular breathing, fall of
the body temperature, nausea and vomiting may often occur.
9.1.4.3 TREATMENT (IMMEDIATE):
9.1.4.3.1 Keep the patient lying on back with head low and turned to one side.
9.1.4.3.2 Loosen clothing about the neck, chest and waist and ensure free circulation
of air. Cover with rugs or coats.
9.1.4.3.3 Raise well the lower limbs
9.1.4.3.4 May apply smelling salts, if available, to the nose except on the case of head
injury.
9.1.4.3.5 Use encouraging words to the patient.
9.1.4.3.6 Ensure freedom from excitement and worry and avoid unnecessary
questioning of patient.
9.1.4.3.7 Remove the patient to shelter in an airy place.
9.1.4.4 TREATMENT ON ARRIVAL AT SHELTER :
9.1.4.4.1 Wrap the patient in blanket and apply hot water bottles to the sides of the
body between the legs and to the feet. Too much heat can be dangerous.
Always test temperature of heated objects against your own face or wrist
before you wrap them in cloth or a paper to the affected person.
9.1.4.4.2 If the patient is able to swallow, give freely hot strong tea or coffee with
plenty of sugar, except when injury to an internal organ is present or
suspected. Do not pour fluids down the throat of unconscious person. Avoid
alcoholic stimulants.
9.1.5 FAINTING
9.1.5.1 Lower patient's head between knees, loosen tight clothing around neck. If
impossible to lower victim's head, elevate his lower limbs and keep him lying
down until recovery seems assured. If unconsciousness persists, cover
patient, call for a doctor.
9.1.5.2 Sprinkle the face with luke warm and cold water alternately, and apply
warmth to the pit of the stomach and over the heart. Vigorous rubbing of
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the limbs upwards has a stimulating effect. Smelling salts, if available, may
be held to the nose.
9.1.6 SUN STROKE AND HEAT STROKE:
9.1.6.1 Sun stroke and heat stroke have the same symptoms but the cause may be
slight different. Sun stroke results from excessive direct exposure to the sun
rays, while heat stroke results from excessive indoor heat such as in boiler
rooms.
9.1.6.2 Symptoms: Red and flushed face, hot and dry skin, no sweating, rapid and
strong pulse, very high temperature, headache and usually unconsciousness.
9.1.6.3 Treatment: Send for a doctor immediately, lay victim with head elevated.
Sponge body with cold water continuously and apply ice bags, if available, to
head and spine until symptoms subside. When consciousness returns,
patient may be given Epsom salt, if available, with water. Give cold water
abundantly.
9.1.7 FRACTURES:
Do not move the patient unless absolutely necessary. Call a doctor to the
spot of the accident. If it is necessary to move the patient, always apply
splints before moving him. Handle him carefully to prevent sharp bends of
bones cutting through flesh.
9.1.7.1 TRANSPORTATION OF PATIENT: Dont hurry in moving an injured patient.
Always be careful in handling and transporting an injured person. Improper
or careless methods frequently increase the severity of injury and may even
cause death. Acquaint yourselves with the various methods of carrying and
transportation.
9.1.8 BURNS:
Burns are caused by heat of any kind, friction and chemicals such as acids
and alkalis. Burns are classified according to degree as follows:
(a) First Degree : Skin reddened.
(b) Second Degree : Skin blistered.
(c) Third Degree : Deeper destruction of tissues such as charring.
9.1.8.1 Electrical burns: Two kinds of electrical burns occur:
9.1.8.2 When current passes through the body burning or destroying the tissues, it
makes a deep third degree burn which may be lesser on surface than inside
the body, and slow to heal.
9.1.8.3 Flash burns of the skin are not usually happen and are of first or second
degree. Flash burns of the eye may not show up immediate, until sometime
later. In first aid to flash burns of the eye, light should be excluded by using
moist compress cotton held lightly on the eye instead of a bandage.
9.1.8.4 Eye burn should get a doctor's attention as soon as possible.
9.1.8.5 First-aiders duties are to relieve pain, prevent infection and treat for shock.
Death in a day or two, after a burn, is usually the result of shock. Death, later
on, may be the result of infection.
9.1.8.6 For burns of limited extent, apply burn ointment over the burnt area. Cover
ointment with a layer or two, of fine mesh gauze and secure with a roller
bandage. Take the patient to a doctor for further treatment.
9.1.8.7 Extensive burns may be much more serious. Mental shock of the affected
person is always present with extensive burn. Keep victim lying down with
his head low and avoid exposure or cold. Leave his clothing on, cover him

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with blankets and get him to a hospital as quickly as you can.

9.1.8.8 If hospital is not nearby, remove all loose clothing from the burnt area
unless it sticks to skin. Cut the adhering cloth around the burn and leave the
remaining for the doctor to remove.
9.1.8.9 Do not break blisters. You may dip strips of clean freshly laundered sheet of
cloth into a solution of baking soda or salt in warm water, and apply to burnt
area.
9.1.8.10 CHEMICAL BURNS: Burns caused by an acid or alkali should be washed
immediately with large quantity of water until chemical is thoroughly
washed away. Then apply an antiseptic ointment on it, dress and send for
medical help.
9.1.9 EYE INJURY:

9.1.9.1 Loose particles may be removed using corner of clean bandage or
handkerchief. If the particle cannot be removed easily, relieve irritation with
a few drops of olive oil/castor oil and consult a doctor immediately.
9.1.9.2 If a foreign particle is imbedded in the eye ball, do not try to remove it. Drop
castor/medical paraffin oil over the eye ball, close the two eye lids, apply a
soft pad of cotton wool and secure it by a bandage till the medical aid is
made available.
9.1.9.3 When quick lime, acid or alkali falls into the eye, wash freely with the fresh
water and consult a doctor immediately.
9.1.10 SPRAINS AND STRAINS:
9.1.10.1 SPRAINS: These are very common injuries caused by abnormal twisting of a
joint or movement of a joint beyond range. It causes tearing or stretching of
the tissues around the joint. It causes pain, swelling and dislocation of the
joint.
9.1.10.2 TREATMENT:
9.1.10.3 Place the limb in the most comfortable position and prevent any movement.
9.1.10.4 Apply a firm and approved bandage for the limb.
9.1.10.5 Wet the bandage with cold water and consult a doctor.
9.1.10.6 STRAINS: These are the injuries to muscles or tendons caused by
overstretching or overexertion.
9.1.10.7 TREATMENT:
9.1.10.8 Advice the patient to take complete rest in a comfortable position.
9.1.10.9 Apply heat and massage gently.
9.1.10.10 BRUISES: A bruise is caused by a blow which breaks the small block vessel in
the tissue under the skin. Ice or cloth dip in very cold water should be
applied immediately. It helps to prevent discoloration, keeps down swelling
and relieves pain.
9.1.11 TREATMENT FOR ELECTRIC SHOCK
9.1.11.1 IT MUST BE WELL REMEMBERED ;
9.1.11.2 YOU MUST ACT AT ONCE, DELAY MAY BE FATAL.
9.1.11.3 DEATH FROM ELECTRIC SHOCK IS RARELY INSTANTANEOUS.

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9.1.11.4 HEART FIBRILLATIONS (HEART MUSCLE TREMORS) PERSIST AS LONG AS 30

MINUTES AFTER AN ELECTRIC SHOCK, THEREFORE LIFE CAN BE SAVED BY
IMMEDIATE ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION AND CPR.
9.1.11.5 IMMEDIATELY STARTFIRST AID/ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION&CARDIO
PULMONARY RESUSCITATION (CPR). SEND FOR A DOCTOR IMMEDIATELY.
9.1.11.6 CONTINUE ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION& CPR TILL THE DOCTOR ARRIVES.
9.1.11.7 GENERAL
9.1.11.7.1 In most cases of electric shock and collapse, it is the lungs and the
diaphragm that are most affected and there is a very good chance of revival
by applying quick artificial respiration& CPR in appropriate method and
procedure . Methods of artificial respiration & CPR generally used, are
described below and all employees concerned should practice themselves by
practical study and drill in the treatment for electric shock including (CPR)
according to these methods.
9.1.11.7.2 While rendering CPR, violent operations should be avoided as injury of the
internal organs may result from excessive and sudden pressures.
9.1.11.7.3 In case of severe electric shock, respiration is seldom established within an
hour, while 3 to 4 hours or more may be necessary to restore normal
breathing. It is, therefore, essential that in all cases of electric shock, where
the condition of the patient is doubtful or the patient is unconscious or not
breathing, artificial respiration& CPR should be continued until death is
diagnosed by a physician.
9.1.11.8 REMOVAL FROM CONTACT
9.1.11.8.1 If the person is still in contact with the apparatus that has given him/her
shock, switch off the electric circuit at once. If it is not possible to switch off
the circuit immediately, no time should be lost in removing the victim from
contact with the live conductor, self being properly insulated.
9.1.11.8.2 The victims body should not be touched with bare hands; instead rubber
gloves should be worn. However, if the rubber gloves are not available the
victim should be pulled off from the live conductor by dry newspaper folded
into 3 or more folds. Dry wooden bamboo or broom handle may also be
used to raise the body or to detach it from live conductor. A good plan is to
stand on dry board or stool or on few layers of thick newspaper bundles or
even dry sacking and remove the victim from the live conductor.
9.1.11.8.3 Preliminary Steps- If the patients clothes are smoldering, the sparks should
first be extinguished. The doctor should be immediately sent for and, in case
the breathing has stopped, immediate action for artificial respiration (CPR)
should be taken.
9.1.11.9 IMMEDIATE ACTION TO RECOVER PATIENT
9.1.11.9.1 When a man has received a severe electric shock, his breathing may not be
as usual. In accidents of this kind, speed of first-aid action may save the
injured mans life. Hence, no time should be wasted in sending for a doctor,
but the patient should not be neglected during this period so far extending
first-aid (artificial respiration &CPR) is concerned.
9.1.11.9.2 Artificial respiration& CPR, without interruption, until natural breathing is
restored, should be continued. Cases are on record of success after about 3
to 4 hours effort and even more.

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9.1.11.9.3 Artificial respiration &CPR should be carried on at the nearest possible place
of accident. The patient should not be removed from this place until he is
found breathing normally, and then also moved only in a lying position.
Should it be necessary due to extreme weather conditions or other reasons
to remove the patient before he is breathing normally, he/she should be
kept in a lying position with face upward, and placed on a hard surface or on
the floor of a conveyance, CPR being carried on during the time that he is
being moved.
9.1.11.9.4 A brief return of spontaneous respiration is not a certain indication for
terminating the treatment. Not infrequently, the patient, after a temporary
recovery of respiration, stops breathing again. The patient should be
watched, and if normal breathing stops, artificial respiration should be
resumed at once.
9.1.11.9.5 Upon Recovery; when the patient recovers, he/she should be kept lying
down and not allowed to get up or be raised under any circumstances
without the advice of a doctor. If the doctor has not arrived by the time the
patient has revived, he should be given some stimulant, such as a drink of
hot ginger tea or coffee. The patient should then have any other injuries
attended to and be kept warn, being placed in the most comfortable
position.
9.1.11.9.6 First aid treatment should be given to all the burns.
9.1.12 ARTIFICIAL RESPIRATION
Normal air contains 21% of oxygen along with Carbon di-oxide, Nitrogen
with other poison gases amounting to 79%. During respiration process, we
consume only 5% from above 21% oxygen inhaled and exhale 16%. If forcibly
we can continue to give this exhaled oxygen to a casualty during artificial
respiration he/she may regain normal breathing.
9.1.12.1 Mouth to mouth Respiration
9.1.12.1.1 Remove any obvious obstructions over the face or constrictions around the
neck; open the air way and remove any debris seen in the mouth and throat.
9.1.12.1.2 Take a deep breath, pinch the casualtys nostrils with fingers and open the
mouth of the casualty and place your mouth on the casualtys mouth.
9.1.12.1.3 The rescuer breathes out and inflates the victims chest. Take a deep breath
and repeat inflation. Give two breaths with 4 seconds gap when rescuer has
to take deep breath. Each breath should last two seconds, with enough
volume to make the chest rise, inflation at a rate of 3 to 4 per 10 seconds
until normal breathing is restored.
9.1.12.2 Mouth to Nose Respiration
If for some reason or other, mouth to mouth respiration is not possible at
all, carry out mouth to nose respiration, close the casualtys mouth while
placing the rescuers mouth on the nose of the casualty and proceed as was
carried out for the mouth to mouth respiration.
9.1.13 CPR (CARDIO PULMUNARY RESUSCITATION)
Administering CPR
1. Place the victim on his or her back. Make sure he or she is lying as flat as
possible - this will prevent injury while you're doing chest compressions.

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2. Place the heel of one hand on the victim's breastbone, exactly between the
nipples.
3. Place your second hand on top of the first hand, palm-down.
4. Position your body directly over your hands, so that your arms are
straight and somewhat rigid.
5. Perform 30 chest compressions. Press down with both hands directly over the
breastbone to perform a compression, which helps the heart beat. Chest
compressions are more critical for correcting abnormal heart rhythms
(ventricular fibrillation or pulse less ventricular tachycardia).
6. You should press down by about 2 inches (5 cm).Continue the process until
help or Doctor arrives

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9.1.14 CONTENTS OF THE FIRST-AID BOX
Sl. CONTENTS QUANTITY

No
.
1 2 3
1 Sterilized wound dressing bandage 4 inch 4 pcs
2 Sterilized burn dressing bandage large 3 pcs
3 Adhesive plastering 2 cm x 1 mtr 1 no
4 Washable bandage 6 pcs
5 Triangular bandage for fractures large 1 no
6 Safety pins 1 bunch
7 Stainless steel scissors 1 pair
8 Absorbent cotton wool 150 grams
9 Potassium permanganate B.P 1 bottle
10 Tincture Iodine B.P 1 bottle
11 Dettol 1 bottle
12 Neosporin ointment 1 tube
13 Burnol ointment/ Silverex ointment 1 tube
14 Betadine solution
9.1.15 FIRST-AID EXERCISE

9.1.15.1 First-aid is the basic necessity for the post accident or post near miss incident
management which is very important for any power sector.
9.1.15.2 Basing upon First-aid training in the field level/ during 5-days safety training
at HQr level& the Mock Safety exercise carried on by the Safety Cell in
different Grid/work site, some important practices are to be done during the
first-aid exercise in the grid/work-site among the employees.
9.1.15.3 Inspection of the first-aid box whether it is properly furnished as per the list
prescribed earlier including its expiry date.
9.1.15.4 Display of important telephone numbers of nearby doctor /hospital /clinic
/nursing home, availability of Anti Snake Venom (ASV) in the nearby hospital
9.1.15.5 It is better to start the First-aid exercise with D R A B C.
9.1.15.6 Artificial Respiration & CPR practice
9.1.15.7 Wound management;
Dressing
Bandaging - Types of Roller bandaging
- Use of Triangular bandaging
- Type of knot with Triangular bandage
9.1.15.8 Fall from structure/ tower resulting fracture;
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a. Hand or leg in a comfortable manner not to harm the affected person any
more.
b. Identification of the affected persons breathing condition for applying
Artificial respiration / CPR if required
c. Type of knot to be placed using a triangular bandage to give comfort to the
affected person
d. Shifting to a nearby doctor/hospital
9.1.16 Acid injury
a. Cleaning the affected area by running water
b. Sifting to a nearby doctor/hospital
9.1.17 Normal Burn injury
a. If minor burn(when skin becomes redden and/or blisters, than it should be
treated with running water & burn lotion to be applied there after
b. For 2nd& 3rd degree burn, the patient should be taken to a cool room [control
room] and shifting to a nearby doctor/hospital
9.1.18 Electric shock
a. Supply should be disconnected immediate
b. Should be removed carefully from the place of occurrence
c. Identification of the affected persons breathing condition for applying
Artificial respiration / CPR, if required
d. Immediate shifting to a nearby doctor/hospital
9.2 FIRE SAFETY
FIRE PREVENTION AND FIRE FIGHTING

9.2.1 Fire Fighting Services and Fire Escapes
9.2.1.1 These instructions pertaining to Fire Prevention and Fire Fighting are subject
to statutory rules on the subject:
9.2.1.2 Developing and executing, in collaboration with appropriate authorities,
programme for Fire Management, Training of personnel etc.
9.2.1.3 Inspection and testing of firefighting equipment and furnishing technical
guidance to the technicians/engineers and other personnel in the
maintenance of such equipment. ( IS 2190: 2010 )
9.2.1.4 Technical guidance for installing fire protection system at the time of
Erection/ Commissioning of new grids/Slab-stations and construction of multi
storied buildings etc.
9.2.1.5 Holding fire drills periodically.
9.2.1.6 Supervising fire fighting in case of fires, where possible.
9.2.1.7 Collection, analysis and presentation of reports on fire accidents.
9.2.1.8 Adequate firefighting equipment and fire alarm system at important
situations should be located. Plans showing the position of firefighting
equipment, water supplies and hydrants, means of access and other useful

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information shall be displayed at suitable points.

9.2.1.9 In all premises, where persons are required to work, availability of adequate
means of fire escape is to be ensured.
9.2.1.10 Training on Fire Fighting
9.2.1.11 Periodic training to all employees should be ensured to get familiar with the
following;
9.2.1.12 Common fire hazards, techniques of fire prevention and fire fighting.
9.2.1.13 Use of various types of fire safety equipment.
9.2.1.14 Location of EXITs and Firefighting Equipments.
9.2.1.15 Precautions against electric shock and inhalation of toxic gases.
9.2.1.16 Operations to be carried out near fire involving electrical equipment or in the
vicinity thereof.
9.2.1.17 Observation of unusual suspicious conditions, e.g. overheating of apparatus.
9.2.1.18 Training on fire fighting may include class room lectures, group discussions;
circulation of accident statistics, fire drills and demonstration of fire fighting
appliances, reporting fire accident, operation of fire alarm, response to alarm
etc.
9.2.1.19 The fire drills shall be held without notice under the supervision of an
authorized person and all employees in the premises shall participate in the
drill.
9.2.1.20 Intermittent inspection of the following should be done by experienced
persons ;
9.2.1.21 The Firefighting Equipments to insure its adequacy and effectiveness;
9.2.1.22 Oil drains, gravel pits etc to ensure that these are kept clean at all times;
9.2.1.23 Fire escapes to ensure that all fire doors and shutters and their hardware
(including fusible links, if any) are kept in good condition;
9.2.1.24 Premises, stores, etc to ensure that the fire hazards due to bad housekeeping,
improper storage of inflammable material are eliminated.
9.2.2 Fire fighting procedure
9.2.2.1 As soon as a person discovers a fire, he/she shall immediately intimate the
control room or the shift-in-charge, as the case may be, giving exact
information regarding the location, type and event of fire. He/she shall then
proceed to extinguish or control the fire with proper extinguishing apparatus
until help arrives.
9.2.2.2 In case of a fire involving electrical apparatus, the first step is to ensure the
circuit is dead. Where it is not possible to switch off the current, the fire must
be tackled in a way, which will not involve danger to the operator, i.e. by the
use of non-conducting extinguishing material, i.e. carbon dioxide, Dry
Chemical Powder, dry sand etc. Water should not be used on fires involving
electrical equipment.
9.2.2.3 When extinguishing a fire known to have been started through an electrical
fault, the current must, in any event, shall be switched off to avoid ignition.

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9.2.2.4 The operator/shift-in-charge in the control room after receiving the message
of fire hazard shall inform immediately his immediate superior officer and the
nearest available local Fire Brigade giving the exact information regarding the
location type and extent of fire.
9.2.2.5 The following principles shall be kept in view while fighting the incipient fire;
As per the FIRE TRIANGLE to extinguish fire, it is necessary to eliminate one or
more of the following three factors causing fire:
(Fire triangle)
9.2.2.6 Heat: is eliminated by cooling, water is a good heat absorber.

9.2.2.7 Oxygen: is eliminated by smothering and exclusion of air.
9.2.2.8 Fuel: is eliminated by segregation, cooling or smothering.
9.2.2.9 The person in-charge, shall size up the situation, plan and direct the line of
attack.
9.2.2.10 Precautions shall be taken to prevent the spread of fire to adjoining
equipments, structures, materials.
9.2.2.11 Ventilation shall be arranged to let smoke out and fire fighters in.
9.2.2.12 Extinguishers or hose line streams shall not be directed into the clouds of
smoke. Base of the fire shall be located and attacked.
9.2.2.13 In the events of the clothes of a fire fighter catch fire he/she shall cover
his/her face with palms of the hands and roll him / her on the ground or
he/she shall lie down and cover himself with a blanket.
9.2.2.14 Fire fighters and Rescue workers should use suitable protective equipment or
gas masks, wet cloth, etc. They should crawl on their hands and knees to keep
their faces close to the floor and they should move along the wall.
9.2.2.15 The First-aid Personnel shall be available at site of fires for rescue and first aid
work.
9.2.3 Type of fire and precautions for prevention of Fire:
9.2.3.1 Fires are broadly classified in the following categories, based on the kind of
combustible involved.
9.2.3.2 Class A: Ordinary material, e.g. wood, paper, textile
and rubbish.
9.2.3.3 Class B: Flammable liquids, e.g. oils and greases.
9.2.3.4 Class C: Fires of flammable gases or liquefied gases.
9.2.3.5 Class D: Fires of combustible metals & their alloys.
9.2.3.6 In Indian standard, there is no electrical fire. When any fire is identified in
any electrical establishment, the line is to be disconnected immediately; after
which it comes under Class A or Class B or Class C type of fire.
9.2.3.7 Precautions relating to common type of class A fires are as follows:
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9.2.3.7.1 Glowing cigarette butts and matches shall not be thrown into waste buckets,
oil regimes or other places of fires hazard.
9.2.3.7.2 Smoking and use of open flames shall be prohibited in oil filtration, storage
room, storage battery rooms and places where combustible material is kept.
9.2.3.7.3 High standard of cleanliness shall be maintained. Waste material, oily waste
or rags etc. shall be removed from the premises daily and suitably disposed
off.
9.2.3.7.4 Trees and rank vegetation shall not be permitted to grow in the neighborhood
of receiving stations/sub-stations
9.2.3.7.5 Before starting welding and cutting operations, it shall be ensured that sparks
arising there from, do not lodge in woodwork or ignite other combustible
material in the area.
9.2.3.8 Precautions relating to common type of class B& C fires are as follows:
9.2.3.8.1 Cable trenches inside stations containing cables shall be filled with sand or
pebbles or covered with non-inflammable slabs.
9.2.3.8.2 Oil filled containers and equipment in Receiving stations, sub-stations,
buildings, store rooms etc. shall be so located that fire and smoke from oil is
not likely to do any damage.
9.2.3.8.3 Concrete dikes, curbs or floor drains and loose rock filled pits shall be
provided near oil storage rooms and oil filled equipment to prevent spread of
spilled oil.
9.2.3.8.4 Empty oil drums, boxes or other combustible material shall never be piled
near storage oil tanks and oil filled equipment.
9.2.3.8.5 Petroleum containers shall never be stored near storage oil tanks and oil filled
equipment.
9.2.3.8.6 When a vehicle is re-fuelled or petrol transferred from one container to
another, no smoking or open flames shall be permitted in the vicinity.
9.2.3.8.7 Places where paints, varnishes, thinners etc. are stored or used shall be kept
scrupulously clean and well ventilated.
9.2.3.9 Precautions relating to common type of Fires related to electric spark are as
follows:
9.2.3.9.1 Electrical equipment shall be installed, operated and maintained properly and
in a manner as to eliminate arcs due to poor contacts in switches and fittings,
worn insulation, crossed wires, opening of switches carrying large current,
etc.
9.2.3.9.2 Leakage on and/or overloading of circuits with consequent heating up of
wiring must be guarded against.
9.2.3.9.3 Motors shall be equipped with over-current and under voltage protection to
prevent excessive heating.
9.2.3.9.4 Insulation strength of the equipment and cables shall be checked periodically.
9.2.3.9.5 Temperature and loading conditions of the equipments shall be recorded and
studied periodically.

Page 71 of 136
9.2.3.9.6 Electric lamps shall not be surrounded by or laid on combustible material.

9.2.3.9.7 Battery rooms shall have no loose connections and there shall be no sparking
devices, e.g. bell, buzzers, relays, fuses or switches in the room. Smoking shall
be prohibited; rubbish and other combustible shall not be permitted to
accumulate in the battery room.
9.2.3.9.8 Metal parts of oil tanks, electrical equipments and buildings shall be
adequately bonded to prevent fire by lightning and static electricity.
Flammable gases or material shall not be stored near electrical equipment.
9.2.4 Fire Fighting Appliances
9.2.4.1 Broadly, types of extinguishers suited for the three classes of fires are as
follows ;
9.2.4.2 In unattended sub-station, switch room etc., where occurrences of a fire may
prevent access, it is essential that sufficient numbers of portable fire fighting
appliances are provided outside the place, e.g., lobbys instance cases.
9.2.4.3 Even if premises are equipped with an automatic sprinkler installation, it is
also necessary to have portable fire extinguishers, as these may enable an
outbreak to be extinguished before the automatic sprinkler comes into
operation.
9.2.4.4 Portable foam, Co2 or water firefighting equipment is intended for non-
electrical fires and shall not be used on electrical apparatus fires unless such
apparatus has been made dead.
9.2.4.5 The employees shall familiarize themselves with the fire fighting apparatus
installed in the various sections of the receiving sub-stations and their use.
9.2.4.6 Refilling of Fire Extinguishers installed must be periodically ensured through
the rate contract.

Page 72 of 136
9.2.5 FIRE RISK AREAS

9.2.5.1 Transformers
9.2.5.2 Switch yard Equipments
9.2.5.3 Battery Room
9.2.5.4 Cable Galleries
9.2.5.5 Control Room
9.2.5.6 Store room
9.2.5.7 Fuel Storage Room
9.2.6 CAUSES OF FIRE HAZARDS IN ELECTRICAL ESTABLISHMENTS

9.2.6.1 Electrical short circuit, earth fault, overheating in electrical circuits and
electrical contact getting stack up.
9.2.6.2 Smoking in No smoking Zone.
9.2.6.3 Hot surface or excessive heating due to friction or lack of cooling.
9.2.6.4 Gas cutting, welding, splatters.
9.2.6.5 Bad housekeeping
9.2.6.6 Leakage of inflammable gas or liquid.
9.2.6.7 Accumulation of static charges.
9.2.6.8 Open storage of combustible material or their storage near a heat source.
9.2.6.9 Addition or modification to the plant and building.
9.2.6.10 Inaccessibility or obstruction of fire protection equipment.
9.2.6.11 Poor standard or maintenance of fire protection system.
9.2.7 MAINTENANCE OF FIRE EXTINGUISHER:
9.2.7.1 Weigh the appliance and compare results with the previous reading.
9.2.7.2 Ensure that vent hole in the cap is clear.
9.2.7.3 Examine the nozzle and discharge tube for chocking by insects. Dont grease
or oil the operating mechanism, which should be freely operable.
9.2.7.4 Rebuild the fire extinguisher using new component where necessary.
9.2.7.5 Refit the safety clip to prevent any advertent operation.
9.2.7.6 Record all dates and date of overhauling. This type of maintenance procedure
will give maximum reliability.
9.2.7.7 Hydrant system: For general use throughout the area. This should be checked
periodically as per the manufacturers direction to maintain the reliability.
9.2.7.8 Emulsifier system: Used for Transformers. This should be checked periodically
as per the manufacturers direction to maintain the reliability.
9.2.7.9 CO2 installations used in closed areas, i.e. switchgear rooms, cable galleries
and control room etc.
All such equipment needs regular checking and maintenance.

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9.2.8 Classes of different type of Fire Extinguisher are as tabulated below.
Type of CLASS A CLASS B CLASS C

Extinguisher
Carbon Di-oxide Suitable for small Suitable. Does not leave Suitable. Non conductor
surface fires only residue or affect and does not damage
equipment or food stuff equipment
Dry Chemical Suitable for small Suitable. Chemical Suitable. Chemical is a

Powder surface fires only releases smothering gas non conductor, Dry
and fog and shields chemical shields
operating liquid operator from heat
Water Suitable. Unsuitable. Water Unsuitable. Water

A
l Water will spread and will being conductor
l saturates not put it out should not be used
material and on live electrical
G prevents re- equipments.
R
kindling
I
D
A
L
Vaporizing Suitable for Suitable. Releases Suitable. Non-
L
small surface heavy smothering conductor and will
G fires only not damage.
R
I
D
ALL GRIDS / SWITCHING STATIONS MUST HAVE THE FOLLOWING STANDARDISED FIRE
REPORT FORMAT BEING SUPPLIED BY THE DIVISION AND INCASE OF ANY FIRE
HAZARD , MUST REPORT THE DIVISION WITHIN 24(TWENTY FOUR) HOURS OF
EXTINCTION OF FIRE. OCCURANCE OF FIRE MUST BE IMMEDIATELY REPORTED TO THE
DIVISION-IN-CHARGE / CIRCLE-IN-CHARGE AND THE C.G.M OVER TELEPHONE . SAFETY
CELL MUST ALSO BE INTIMATED IMMEDIATELY. THE FIRE HAZARD MUST BE RECORDED
IN THE OPERATION LOG BOOK AND IN THE OPERATOR LOG SHEET IN DETAIL IN
RED INK . THE DETAIL OF THE FIRE HAZARD AND ITS EXTINGUISHING MUST BE ENTERED
IN THE FIRE RESISTER.

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9.2.9 FIRE REPORT FORMAT
Name of the Grid S/S =Name of the Division =
1. Date of occurrence=
2. Time of occurrence = Shift.
3. AE (Shift) in-charge of the substation = ..
4. Location of fire =..
5. Area /Bay=
6. Time discovered = Time Extinguished.
7. Cause of fire = ..8. Fire
discovered by = ....9. Specific location
from where the fire started = 10. Was fire confined to the starting
point = Yes/No
11. If No, state the extent of fire = ...12. Could fire

have been prevented? = Yes/No13. If so, How
=.......14. Estimated loss(a)
Equipment Rs. _____________(b) Any other Rs. _____________
TOTAL Rs. _____________
15. What fire protection was available? _______________________16.

By what means was the fire extinguished? __________________17. List
any extinguishing equipment found defective or unsuitable.
______________________________________________________________
18. Was outside aid required? Yes/No19. If

Yes, when requested? _________________________________20. If No, what
equipments used?____________________________21. Class of fire ------------------
----------------------------------------------------22. How soon portable extinguishers
used ----------------------------------23. Was any fixed extinguishing
equipmentlike fire fighting system
available_______________________________________________________________
24. Air or gas mask used:____________________________________25.

If not, why_____________________________________________
Signature of Shift-in-charge
COUNTERSIGNATURE
SUB-DIVISIONAL OFFICER

Page 75 of 136
9.2.10 FIRE-SAFETY EXERCISE

9.2.10.1 Checking of the dry sand in multiple buckets on covered stands in the Switch
yard/Work-site.
9.2.10.2 Checking of availability of different type of Fire Extinguishers (FE)( foam, co2,
dry chemical powder, water type ), first-aid & bulk FE, namely for a , b , c
type of fire at different locations like control room and switch yard/work
site.
9.2.10.3 Checking the pipe & nozzle condition of the FE
9.2.10.4 Checking the validity of the FE
9.2.10.5 Checking the pressure in individual FE in the attached pressure gauge
9.2.10.6 Mock extinction of fire by different type of FE (foam, co2, dry chemical
powder, water type) arranging fire with
o Heap of dry wood for a type of fire
o Tray of oil for b type of fire
o Heap of dry paper & bush for c type of fire
Step by step operation of the FE like recognizing the type of FE - opening the
locking key/pin - fixing the nozzle/tip of the pipe at the bottom of the fire
source - operating the FE for extinction.
9.2.10.7 All above should be documented

9.2.10.8 During this exercise, the grid/work-site in-charge may also note the necessity
of refilling the existing Fire Extinguisher or/and procurement to be made for
more FE.
10 SAFE WORKING PROCEDURE10.1

SUB-STATIONS
10.1.1 Guarding of Live Apparatus:
Permanent enclosures, covers of other suitable guards shall, where practicable

be provided for all current carrying parts of electric circuits or equipment
operating at 50 Volt or more to be grounded including parts exposed through
windows or wall openings, unless parts are isolated by location in a manner as
to be accessible to authorized person only.
10.1.1.1 Barriers cutting of access to enclosure within chambers, cubicles or cells
containing live high and/or extra high voltage apparatus shall normally be kept
locked. No. person except an authorized person or a person acting under his
immediate supervision shall have access to any enclosure, chamber, cubicle or
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cell in 'which a live conductor is exposed.

10.1.1.2 Master key of the locks on all chambers, cubicles on switchgear shall be
retained with the Authorized Person and the other keys with the operator on
duty. Key Boxes fitted with locks shall be provided at suitable position for the
retention of key.
10.1.1.3 A key ledger shall be maintained wherein issue and receipt of all keys shall be
entered and holders of such keys shall be personally responsible for their safe
custody.
10.1.2 Operations General Provisions:
10.1.2.1 All switching and other operations requiring engineering knowledge or skill
shall be carried out by Authorized persons or competent persons acting under
the immediate supervision of Authorized persons or competent persons.
10.1.2.2 Except for agreed switching required in case emergency, no high voltage
switching shall be carried out without the sanction of the System
Operation/SLDC in case of Grid Sub-Station.
10.1.2.3 No high voltage earthing switch shall be operated or circuit main earth
connection attached or removed except under the instructions of the System
Operation in case of Grid Substation.
10.1.2.4 The following precautions shall be observed in relation to switching
operations:
(a) Extra High Voltage apparatus shall be operated using rubber gloves
accompanied by another person competent to render first aid and artificial
respiration.
(b) When low or Medium Voltage fuses, which are not in series with a circuit
breaker, are to be operated, the operator shall use rubber gloves, insulated
platforms or PVC mats.
(c) When replacing a low voltage fuse, which is in series with the switch, the
same shall first be opened.
(d) Where isolators are in series with circuit breakers the circuit breakers shall
always be opened before opening isolators and conversely when the circuit is
being closed the circuit breaker shall be closed later than the isolator.
(e) Any abnormality in the condition or operation of any switch shall be

reported to the person in charge of switching operations immediately.
(f) Where there is interlock system to guard against irregular sequence of

operation in switching, the failure of interlock shall, not be taken as an excuse
for incorrect operations.
10.1.2.5 Following incidents and events shall be recorded promptly and accurately in
permanent ink on the Receiving Station/Sub-station Operation Log Book and
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the Operator hourly Log sheet maintained for this purpose.

10.1.2.6 All disturbances, interruptions to service or imposed restriction of load
together with reasons thereof should be recorded as above.
10.1.2.7 Particulars of defects observed or reported in the plant or apparatus taken out
of services as a result of the same, operating errors etc.
10.1.2.8 Particulars of major overhauls, repairs routine inspections.
10.1.2.9 All operating orders issued or received or relayed through the Receiving
Station/Substation together with the identity of the parties concerned.
10.1.2.10 All switching operations on High &. Extra High Voltage switches, their timings
and explanation of the reasons thereof.
10.1.2.11 All clearance orders (i.e. Line clear-to-work, Sanction for test Station
Guarantee, Self Protection tag etc.) received, issued or refused.
10.1.2.12 Particulars relating to telephonic message in connection with operations on
high and Extra High Voltage Switches.
10.1.2.13 No entry on the log or register shall be erased under any circumstances. A
wrong entry shall be cancelled by a single line drawn across it, so that it is not
rendered illegible. The log sheet and the corrections thereon shall be signed
and initiated by the Shift In charge.
10.1.2.14 In case of telephonic instructions, the Shift-in-charge shall not take any action
until he/she has recognized the person giving instructions and read back the
massage to confirm the accuracy of the same.
10.1.2.15 Before changing shift, the outgoing shift in-charge shall personally explain and
record a summary of all conditions in vital matters requiring particular
attention of the incoming shift in-charge. Incoming shift in-charge shall
thoroughly understand the same before taking over shift.
10.1.3 Maintenance General Provisions:
10.1.3.1 Equipment wears out gradually and the efficiency may drop off almost
imperceptibly day by day. These gradual changes in equipment performance
can be determined only by systematic checking of the daily operation records
and inspection/condition monitoring of electrical apparatus.
10.1.3.2 All switch-gear shall be inspected and tested after every major overhaul or
repairs at periodical intervals not exceeding one year, as follow:
(a) For cleaning of all parts and lubrication where required.
(b) Tightening of connections on wiring terminals, particularly those subjected

to vibration;
(c) Checking condition of tripping battery, fusible elements, indicator lamps,

contacts and interlocks and affecting such replacements as may be necessary.
(d) Checking of relays, instruments and meters and affecting such re-
adjustments as may be necessary.

Page 78 of 136
10.1.3.3 The Maintenance Engineer shall prepare and maintain a suitable History Book
of each item of apparatus under his charge. No person shall carry out any
work including maintenance repairs or testing on or in the vicinity of any
electrical apparatus unless;
10.1.3.4 In the case of high and/or extra high voltage apparatus, the work is covered
under a L/C to work or sanction-for-test or the emergency procedure and the
safety requirements connected therewith have been complied.
10.1.3.5 In the case of work on live apparatus on lines no employee shall work on or
touch any exposed parts of any apparatus or live line except when using
adequate and approved protective device.
10.1.3.6 Rubber mats of adequate insulation strength should be provided on the places
of operation near the Control Panels and the same should be kept neat and
clean.
10.1.4 Safety precautions for work place containing exposed live area
10.1.4.1 Before commencement of a construction or maintenance work in an

energized S/Stn., L/C Permit shall be obtained from the authorized person and
necessary precautions for safety of personnel shall be ensured.
10.1.4.2 Adjustment, cleaning and painting of earthed metal enclosures and structures
may be carried out from ground level by competent persons only, under a
danger notice, provided specified clearances are maintained.
10.1.4.3 Mobile cranes and derricks shall be effectively earthed when being moved or
operated in close proximity with energized lines or equipment.
10.1.4.4 No person will be allowed to enter the switchyard with umbrella.
10.1.4.5 Isolating of electrical apparatus should include;
(a) Isolation from all points from which it is possible for the apparatus to
become alive (e.g. voltage and auxiliary transformers, common neutral
earthing equipment).
(b) Locking of circuit breakers, isolators, control handles and safety device
wherever such arrangements exist, in guaranteed position, and
(c) Locking of all enclosures leading into live sections from the work area to
avoid wrong opening of doors.
10.1.4.6 The section made dead for working should be only that section required for
execution of the work and it should be defined by use of barriers, screens &
danger Tags, etc., so that the minimum specified clearance are maintained.
The section should be bound by safety ribbon &flags during day and red lights

Page 79 of 136
during night.
10.1.4.7 While working on or near any exposed live parts, minimum clearances from
the nearest exposed conductors to the place of work (e.g. ground level or
working platform) should be maintained.
10.1.4.8 No material or tools should be carried on shoulders. Long material and tools
should be carried in horizontal position and in a manner to maintain the
applicable clearances. Tools should be taken in Tool Holders.
10.1.4.9 Following precautions should be observed in the use of ladders and long
objects in the work area inside the switchyard:
(a) Height of the ladders should be suitable for the work and of no greater
length than required for the work involved. These should be transported
horizontally in the yard.
(b) Movement and erection should be subject to direct supervision of the

authorized person.
(c) Portable ladders, when not in use, should be securely locked to a suitable
anchorage.
(d) Portable ladders provided for giving access to fixed ladders, should be
padlocked in position by an authorized person while work is being carried out
on the structures.
10.1.4.10 Number of accidents has taken place in switchyards which are partly
commissioned and where extension works are under taken by Contractors. As
the work site is in the close proximity of charged bays, therefore utmost care
has to be exercised during erection of equipments and movements of
materials, Tools & mobile crane etc. It is necessary to restrict entry &
movement of contractors men & materials in the charged areas of switchyard
by barricading. Further, all erection works should be undertaken under strict
supervision of Corporation engineers as well qualified Site Engineer from
Contractors side.
10.1.4.11 During Pre-commissioning checks on equipments in extension bays, Line Clear

Permit should be taken prior to starting of work and engineer/staff should
always be associated for such works. The Supervising engineer of OPTCL
(Construction or Maintenance) must avail Line Clear and should be present at
the work site in these critical cases.
10.1.5 Work on remotely and/or automatically controlled equipment:
A L/C-to-work shall be obtained for all work on Control Equipment and its
wiring or Relays. Before work is carried out on remotely or automatically
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controlled equipment such as Circuit breakers, Isolators, Tap changing gear or

Compressors, the automatic or remote control features shall first be rendered
inoperative.
10.1.6 Work on equipment operated by or containing compressed air:

10.1.6.1 L/C-to-work shall be obtained before start of the work.
10.1.6.2 Work, other than operating adjustments, shall be carried out only under the
following conditions:
10.1.6.3 Operating adjustment on equipment operated by or containing compressed
air, which require the normal air supply, may be carried out only when
necessary and under the direct supervision of the authorized person.
10.1.7 Work in underground system:
10.1.7.1 No. person shall enter or be permitted to enter any underground chamber or
other confined space in which dangerous fumes are likely to be present to
such an extent as to involve risk of the person being overcome thereby unless
:
(a) It is provided with a manhole of adequate size or other effective means of access.
(b) A certificate in writing has been given by competent person based on a test
carried out by himself, that the space is free from dangerous fumes and fit for
person to enter, or
(c) The employee is wearing a suitable breathing apparatus and a belt securely attached
to rope, the free end of which is held by a person standing outside the
confined space.
10.1.7.2 Open flames and smoking shall be avoided in under-ground chambers.
10.1.7.3 Tools and materials shall be kept clear of the man-hole.
Work on oil circuit breakers, transformer and oil storage tanks:

i. Before an employee is permitted to enter any tank it shall first be adequately
ventilated and if necessary, the process of ventilation shall be continued
during the entire period of work.
ii. When an employee enters a tank, another employee shall be directed to stay
in the immediate vicinity to render any aid that may be required by the person
working inside.
iii. Under no circumstances shall a bulb or portable electric lamp be replaced
inside a tank.
iv. Smoking or the use of open flame (unless necessitated for repair of coils) shall
not be permitted inside a tank or near an open manhole. A Line clear-to-work
shall be obtained for use of flame inside a tank.
v. Transformers removed from service due to internal trouble are likely to

Page 81 of 136
contain poisonous and explosive gases in large quantities. These shall be

properly ventilated before undertaking repair work.
vi. Oil storage tanks shall, in addition to being ventilated, be properly purged and
cleaned before any employee is allowed to enter the same.
vii. The fixed C.B opening cannot be treated as isolation point, thus all isolating
switches/isolator shall be in open position.
10.1.8 Working on Transformer:

10.1.8.1 A Line Clear-to-work shall be obtained for all work on Transformers.
10.1.8.2 For isolation purpose, both the primary and secondary voltage switches and
isolators are opened. Similarly when isolating transformers to which voltage
transformers are connected the voltage transformer shall be isolated and low
voltage fuses withdrawn to prevent the possibility of transformer being made
live through the synchronizing or voltmeter plug.
10.1.8.3 The transformers shall be isolated from all common neutral earthing
equipment from which it may become live. This does not require the
disconnection of solidly earthed neutral or neutral equipment connected
solely to the transformer on which work is to be done.
10.1.8.4 Whenever transformer is replaced the new transformer shall be checked
carefully for voltage, polarity and phase relation, before taking into service.
10.1.8.5 Transformers without conservators shall be treated as if the space above the
oil level contains highly explosive gas and, therefore, the space shall be
suitably ventilated before entering the tank, e.g., by keeping the manhole
cover open for sufficiently long time or by circulating dry compressed air.
10.1.8.6 Transformers which are provided with inert gas as a precaution against
ignition of explosive gases in the space above the oil level shall not be entered
until the tank has been ventilated with dry air or left open long enough to
permit adequate natural ventilation.
10.1.8.7 Open flames or inadequately protected portable lamps shall be kept away
from the manhole and smoking shall not be permitted when working on or in
the transformers.
10.1.8.8 Persons working in transformers shall not carry any loose articles like key
bunches in their pockets and persons working in or on the top of transformers
shall not keep any loose tools around themselves, instead they must use Tool
Holder.
10.1.8.9 After the testing or Maintenance work done on the Transformer, it should be
ensured that the tap position of transformer which is selected before the work
carried out shall be same as per the other transformers operating in parallel.
10.1.9 Working on Circuit Breaker:
10.1.9.1 A Line clear-to-work shall be obtained for all work on HT/EHT circuit breakers.
For isolation purpose it shall be ensured that:

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a. Breaker is in open condition before opening disconnects (isolators).

b. Line and bus isolator have been checked open.
c. There is no back-feed from potential transformers.
d. Main fuses at the Control panel have been removed and DC voltage is
disconnected from breaker mechanism.
e. Tools and equipments are in safe working condition.
f. When working on the mechanism with the breaker closed, block the trip latch
so that it cannot be tripped accidentally.
g. Be sure that auto-reclosure feature, if at all available, has been by-passed
during maintenance work.
h. After maintenance work is over, the breaker should be operated by relay
operation as test check. This ensures safety of the system for future faults.
i. Disconnecting switches on sides, control switches (or control fuses), relay trip
blocking switches and compartment doors are open.
j. Mechanical blocking, when necessary, to prevent unauthorized movement of
the mechanism, installed.
k. In case where there are no disconnecting switches between the transformer
winding terminals and the circuit breaker, the transformers are isolated.
l. Circuit breakers, which have pneumatically operated mechanisms, shall not
be blocked mechanically while the pressure remains in the breaker storage
tank or tanks. Mechanical blocking may result in damage to the breaker.
10.1.9.2 The following additional precautions shall be taken in relation to work on
Minimum Oil Circuit Breakers (MOCB):
(a) With the exception of control cabinet, all parts of the circuit breaker shall be
considered live.
(b) As the operating springs are under tension in both the open and closed
positions of the breaker, extreme care shall be taken when adjusting the
operating mechanism to avoid accidental operation.
(c) If possible, when working on contacts of these breakers, the spring tension
should be completely released and the control circuit opened at the breaker.
When a circuit breaker is situated in a chamber or in a room which contains
two or more such breakers suitable barriers shall be erected to define an area
for safe work.
10.1.9.3 Following additional precautions shall be taken in relation to work on Air blast
circuit breakers:
(a) With the exception of control cabinet all parts of the circuit breaker shall be
considered as alive.
(b) When it is required to operate an air blast circuit breaker for test, all workmen
or others in the vicinity shall be warned and men working on the breaker
ordered to stand clear
(c) When working on an air blast circuit breaker where each phase has a separate
storage tank the control switch and disagreement switch shall be opened in
each phase control cabinet at the breaker.
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10.1.9.4 When working on manually operated panel-mounted circuit breakers, when

the operating handle is on the front and the circuit breaker is on the rear of
the switchboard or on another panel, a danger notice shall be placed on
handle.
10.1.9.5 Additional precautions for work on Vacuum Circuit Breaker:

(a) Do not work on the interrupters or the mechanism unless the circuit breaker is in
the open position and both the closing and opening springs are either discharged
or gagged and all electrical power is removed.
(b) Do not allow anything to come in contact with the interlock roller on the right side
of the mechanism.
i. Repeated operations at a rate exceeding two per minute may cause charging
motor overheating and failure.
ii. X-radiation will be produced if an abnormally high voltage is applied across a
pair of electrodes in a vacuum. X-radiation will increase as voltage increases
and/or as contact separation decreases.
iii. During a high potential or a vacuum integrity test, any x-radiation which may
be produced will not be hazardous at a distance safe for high potential
testing, if the test is conducted at the recommended voltage and with the
normal open circuit breaker gap. Do not apply voltage that is higher than the
recommended value.
iv. Do not use contact separation that is less than the recommended open
position breaker contact gap.
v. To measure the breaker secondary circuit insulation resistance, disconnect
the motor leads and thread a wire connecting together all secondary
disconnect pins the ground pin. The measurement is made by connecting a
500 Volt Meggar from the wire to ground.
vi. Do not attempt to remove or reinsert the vacuum interrupter in the
interrupter support assembly.
10.1.10 Storage of Circuit Breaker
It is recommended that the breaker be put immediately in its permanent

location. If this is not possible, the following precautions must be taken to
assure proper breaker storage.
10.1.10.1 The breaker should be protected against condensation, preferably by storing

it in a warm dry room of moderate temperature such as 40 - 100 F. Circuit
breakers for outdoor metal clad switchgear should be stored in the
equipment only when power is available and the heaters are in operation to
prevent condensation.
10.1.10.2 The breaker should be stored in a clean location, free from corrosive gases or
fumes; particular care, for example, should be taken to protect the equipment

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from moisture and cement dust, as this combination is present at

construction sites and has a very corrosive effect on many parts.
10.1.10.3 Rollers, latches, etc., of the operating mechanism should be coated with
grease to prevent rusting. If the breaker is stored for longer period, it should
be inspected periodically to see that rusting has not started and to ensure
good mechanical condition. Should the breaker be stored under unfavorable
atmospheric conditions, it should be cleaned and dried out before being
placed in service.
10.1.11 Working on Switch Board Panels/Control Panels:
10.1.11.1 L/C-to-work or sanction-for-test shall be obtained for all work on Switch
Board Panel/Control Panel.
10.1.11.2 The panel to be worked upon shall be differentiated from others by wrapping
safety ribbon. Where the work is to be carried out both on the front and the
backside, the red ribbon shall be wrapped on both side of the panel.
10.1.11.3 The switchboard panel shall be discharged and before handling any metal part
or equipment check shall be made to ensure that the same is dead.
10.1.12 Working on Bus Bars:
10.1.12.1 L/C-to-work shall be obtained for all work on H.T/E.H.T. Bus Bars.
10.1.12.2 In isolating the point of work from supply, care shall be taken to disconnect
right points in case of sectionalized ring and mesh schemes of Bus Bars.
10.1.12.3 Isolators/Switches closing on the section Bus Bars on which work is to be
carried out shall be locked in open position and the closing mechanism
rendered inoperative.
10.1.13 Working on Instrument Transformers:
10.1.13.1 L/C-to-work shall be obtained for all work on instrument transformers.
10.1.13.2 The case of all instrument transformers shall be earthed. In handling
instrument Transformers, the secondary of a current transformer shall not be
opened while it is live.
10.1.13.3 Before any work is carried out on an instrument or other device in a current
transformer secondary circuit, the device shall be bridged with jumpers, so
that the circuit cannot be opened at the device. The circuit shall never be
opened at meter connections until it has been bridged elsewhere.
10.1.13.4 Potential transformer secondary shall never be short-circuited.
10.1.13.5 Low voltage windings of potential transformers shall always have one side
permanently and effectively earthed.
10.1.13.6 The spare core terminals of secondary of CT shall not be kept open while
working on these types of transformers or during replacement.
10.1.14.1 Working on Lightening Arresters:
10.1.14.2 No work shall be done on a lightening arrester along with the earth wire
unless it is disconnected from the live circuit and earthed at both the line and
Earth terminals.
10.1.14.3 Tanks of electrolyte or shields of oxide film lightening arresters must never be

Page 85 of 136
touched while arresters are energized.

10.1.14.4 H.V. and E.H.V. lightening arresters where accessible, shall be provided with
suitable fences against possible contact while the arresters are live. The gate
of the fencing shall be kept locked and the keys under safe custody with the
operator on duty.
10.1.15 Working on Capacitors:
10.1.15.1 L/C-to-work shall be obtained for all work on capacitors.
10.1.15.2 For isolation of capacitors first open all cutouts or disconnecting device of the
capacitors, then wait for at least 5 minutes for the internal resistor to reduce
the voltage. Next short circuit and earth all terminals of the capacitors. The
short circuited earthing jumper shall be left attached on the capacitors while
work is being done.
10.1.15.3 In short circuiting and earthing any capacitor or bank of capacitor no reliance
shall be placed on any internal discharging circuit, but all individual capacitor
terminals are to be connected to earth using the special leads where these are
provided.
10.1.15.4 Special precautions shall be taken when working on capacitors and their
associated equipment when connected to transmission lines, e.g. coupling
capacitors, capacitor potential devices, capacitors for power factor correction.
10.1.15.5 In case of star connected bank of capacitors, neutral point shall be earthed
before taking the work in hand.
10.1.15.6 The H.V and E.H.V cables shall be treated as stored capacitor and after making
cable circuit dead wait for at least 5 minutes before connecting to earth.
10.1.16 Safety precautions for working on Storage Batteries.
10.1.16.1 Only the authorized people who are familiarized with battery installation,
charging and maintenance procedures should be permitted access to the
battery area.
10.1.16.2 Battery rooms should be well ventilated and should be provided with exhaust
fans enough to ensure that pockets of trapped hydrogen gases do not occur
particularly of the ceiling.
10.1.16.3 Smoking, open flames or the use of tools or any other devices that are liable to
cause sparks, should be avoided in storage Battery rooms, since in the
operation of a battery, hydrogen gas is formed which may be explosive, if
ignited.
10.1.16.4 When mixing electrolyte, always add acid to water and not water to acid. Pour
slowly and stir constantly to avoid excessive heat.
10.1.16.5 While handling Sulfuric acid electrolyte, always use goggles and acid/alkali
proof apron and gloves. Avoid spilling electrolyte. If electrolyte comes in
contact with the skin, rinse with water immediately.
10.1.16.6 To reduce the shock hazard due to short-circuit, insulate the handles of all
tools used for tightening connector bolts. Also, remove the jewellery that
could produce short-circuit. Un-insulated/unprotected tools, lamps are

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prohibited, Silk, Fur clothing creates static electricity, hence prohibited.

10.1.16.7 Electric storage battery jars and cells, unless composed of glass, hard rubber
or the insulating material, should be mounted on insulation supports.
10.1.16.8 All battery connection shall be kept clean and tight so that sparking is avoided
because of loose/corrode connections.
10.1.16.9 The paint used on the Battery room walls should be fire retardant epoxy
paint.
10.1.16.10 While removing/replacing defective cells, the terminals of the adjacent
batteries of the defective cell must not be shorted prior to opening to avoid
short circuit.
A point of caution - D.C. failure may occur during the intermediate period (if station
supply fails). So to carry out the operation, adequate precaution is to be taken
either to divert the load to stand by set (if available) or may be done during
the Grid shut down period.
10.1.17 Working on Cables:
10.1.17.1 L/C-to-work shall be obtained before start of the work.
10.1.17.2 For isolation of cables, open at least one set of disconnecting switches or
remove fuses in every source through which the cable can be made alive
including leads to the cable potential transformers. Then discharge the cable
to earth.
10.1.17.3 Before digging out the point of cable fault, the authorized person shall
determine the particulars of all cables in the vicinity of faulty cable.
10.1.17.4 All cables in the vicinity of the fault point shall be exposed and identified to
establish the identity of the faulty cable.
10.1.17.5 Before a high or extra high voltage cable is cut, the Authorized Persons shall
made definite checks to identify the cable and to ensure, that the cable has
been made dead and earthed. He shall then spike the cable in an approved
manner at the point where the cut is to be made.
10.1.17.6 Before any high voltage joint or chamber is to be opened in circumstances
where it is not desirable to spike the cable entering the joint or chamber, the
Authorized Person shall satisfy from cable route record and if necessary by
approved tests, that the joint or chamber is associated with the particular
cable which has been made dead and on which it is safe to work.
10.1.17.7 After completion of work, the cable shall be properly tagged and its position
entered in appropriate drawing.
10.1.17.8 Employees shall not step on live cables even though they are insulated and
enclosed in a dead sheath. Tools and material shall not be rested against the
sheath of the cable.
10.1.18 Testing of High Voltage Apparatus:
10.1.18.1 L/C-to-work should be obtained for all tests, and the Shift-in-charge should
ensure that the apparatus, where reasonably practicable, is adequately
guarded or the boundary limits of the Test area is clearly marked. Danger

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notices should be tagged in conspicuous positions, during the test period, on

all apparatus that may be subjected to Voltage.
10.1.18.2 The test area should be isolated from all supplies other that those necessary
to allow the testing to take place
10.1.18.3 No switch of isolator connecting the isolated section to the main supply
system, with the exception of those for the agreed testing supplies, should be
operated without the sanction of the authorized person.
10.1.18.4 When a section of equipment has been isolated from the main supply for
testing, the Shift-in-charge may, to enable testing to be done, give on the Line
clear permit for test, a general sanction for the operation of switches,
isolators, earthing switches and earth connections, within the test area and
only for the application of test supplies of the isolated apparatus. The
authorized person in charge of the testing shall then become wholly
responsible for safety within the isolated section.
10.1.18.5 Connections used for test purposes should be of adequate size for the purpose
and easily distinguishable and visible when in the test position.
10.1.18.6 The application of test supplies should be done only under the supervision of
the person who has received the L/C for Test.
10.1.18.7 Where the apparatus is to have a test voltage applied to it and that apparatus
has a remote end that may be made alive by the test voltage, then the remote
end of that apparatus should be safe guarded so as to prevent danger and 'No
Back feed' to be ensured from remote end.
10.1.18.8 If the remote end of the apparatus which may become live by the test voltage
is readily accessible from the ground level or on a structure or tower, then it is
the responsibility of the person who received the line clear to obtain
confirmation that it is under the control of authorized person before a test
voltage is applied. It is the responsibility of that authorized person to ensure
that any person, including himself, does not approach the apparatus unless
instructed to do so for any work by the person in charge of the testing.
10.1.19 Safety precautions for working on HV & EHV equipments:
10.1.19.1 Before any person is allowed to carry out any work or repairs or modifications
of any High or Extra High Voltage apparatus, a Line clear-to-work should be
obtained.
10.1.19.2 All electrical apparatus should be considered as live unless it is positively
known to be dead. Approved EHV Tester should be used to verify that the
circuit is not alive, and the indicator itself should be tested before and after
the use.
10.1.19.3 No person should touch the insulation, which covers or supports any
conductor subject to High or Extra Voltage, unless the conductor is dead and
earthed.
10.1.19.4 Working spaces adjacent to exposed live parts should not be used as
passageways.

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10.1.19.5 Only authorized persons to climb structures or apparatus, which bring them at
reduced distance to live parts. The senior authorized person should be present
at the point of work and supervise directly.
10.1.19.6 New electrical apparatus should not be placed in service without the approval
of the appropriate authority and until the same has been thoroughly
examined / tested.
10.1.19.7 When testing, switching or any other work in a particular location of the
working zone is likely to affect the operation of the working zone in any other
location, the authorized person should inform all the concerned before the
work is started and after the work is completed.
10.1.19.8 Danger notice, barriers and screens should be fixed and moved under the
supervision of the senior authorized person.
10.1.20 Isolator and Earth Switch Operation
10.1.20.1 The isolators should not be operated (open or close) on charged line /
transformer.
10.1.20.2 After opening the isolator, make sure that there is no pole stuck and all three
poles of the isolators have been opened.
10.1.20.3 After closing the isolator, make sure that all three poles of the isolators have
been closed properly.
10.1.20.4 The isolator should be locked with pad lock and key after opening and should
be closed when Line clear is returned properly.
10.1.20.5 When L/C is given for work on line, the Earthing switch is closed after opening
the isolator and both should be locked in that position till return of L/C
properly.
10.1.20.6 In case of AB switches, it should be checked that all the three poles open or
close simultaneously.
10.2 OVERHEAD LINES
10.2.1 Isolation, Guarding and Protection

10.2.1.1 Isolation Guarding and Protection shall fulfil the following basic requirement of
safety in overhead lines;
10.2.1.2 Provisions of safe clearances from the ground, building and structure.
(a) Arrangement to prevent unauthorized persons from ascending any of
the support of overhead lines without the help of ladder or special appliances.
(b) Provisions of protective devices for rendering the line electrically
harmless in case of conductor breaks.
(c) Earthing of non-current carrying metal parts to ensure safety to
general public and employees and
(d) Protection against lightening.
10.2.1.3 The above points of safety shall be complied in accordance with the provisions
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of IE Rules, 1956 and amendments thereof.

10.2.1.4 The danger notice shall be affixed on all supports of High and Extra High
voltage overhead lines as per prevailing practices.
10.2.1.5 Lines, which are not in service, shall either be dismantled and removed or they
shall be contained in a safe-mechanical condition and before bringing them
back into service they shall be checked for compliance of all safety aspects.
10.2.2 Electrical Operations
10.2.2.1 All switching and other operations requiring engineering knowledge shall be
carried out by Authorized person(s) acting under the immediate supervision of
the Authorized person.
10.2.2.2 When connecting dead mains to live mains all connections to the live phases
shall be made last and in all cases the phases shall be tested to ensure the
sequence.
10.2.3 Inspection and Testing of Lines
10.2.3.1 Tower schedule / Transmission route maps and records to show particulars of
transmission lines installations should be prepared.
10.2.3.2 The following precautions shall be taken for inspection of equipment on or in
the vicinity of live lines:
(a) Inspection shall be carried out by authorized persons only.
(b) No tool shall be supplied over the line/conductor.
(c) No employee shall climb above the anti-climbing device on a live tower.
(d) Inspection shall be carried out from within the body of the tower.
10.2.3.3 Line patrolmen shall avoid:
(a) Patrolling line alone in darkness or under bad weather conditions.
(b) Walking into fallen wires or metal fences, which may be energized by fallen
conductors.
(c) Stumbling hazards, poisonous snakes, plants etc.
10.2.3.4 In case an employee has noticed a fallen aerial wire, he shall immediately
inform the departments concerned and arrange to protect the traffic till the
arrival of repair gang.
10.2.4 WORK ON OVERHEAD LINES
10.2.4.1 Before any work is begun on overhead lines the leader of the working party
shall ensure that each person, who is to work on the poles, towers, conductors
or other components is clearly informed and thoroughly understands on which
components the work is to be carried out.EHV Detectors should be used to
check the status of the line prior to start the work.
10.2.4.2 All persons, while at work on towers, poles and high structures shall make
proper use of their safety harness and no man shall work alone at any high
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structure.
10.2.4.3 Safety straps shall not be placed above the top cross arm when it is at the top
of the pole. Safety harness must be used while working on over head lines.
10.2.4.4 Broken insulators and other sharp edged material shall not be left in vacant
plots or in a location where the hazard of injury may be caused for men or
animals,
10.2.4.5 When stringing conductors across streets and highways, avoid interfering with
traffic or causing injury to workmen or pedestrians. Danger signs shall be
erected on both sides of the work site and where conditions warrant, flagmen
shall be stationed. If possible scaffolding must be done in these cases to avoid
interruption of traffic.
10.2.4.6 All employees working on live conductors, wherever possible, shall work from
below the wires
10.2.4.7 Each working party shall be provided with portable Earth discharge Rod and
the leader of the working party shall satisfy himself that the line conductors
and all the line conductors near the point where he is to work are discharged
to earth and subsequently ensure that Earth discharge Rods are removed
before re-energizing the line.
10.2.4.8 No work should begin on any high or Extra High Voltage overhead line unless
temporary earthing has been done on both sides of the section of line at
which the work is to be carried out.
10.2.4.9 No employee shall work on any electrical apparatus or line which is live unless
he is authorized to carry out such work having a valid L/C permit and unless he
is accompanied by a person competent to assist him.
10.2.5 Work may be carried out by authorized person on any tower supporting live
high voltage conductors provided that he does not ascend a position in which
it is possible for him to bring any part of his body or any working tool within
the following distances of any exposed high voltage conductor:
Sl.No. Rated Voltage Clearance
1. Not exceeding 11 KV 1.0 Meter
2. Exceeding 11 KV but not exceeding 33 KV 1.2 Meter
6. Exceeding 220 KV 5.5 Meter

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10.2.5.1 The following minimum safety working clearances shall be maintained for the
bare conductors or live parts of any apparatus in outdoor sub-stations
excluding overhead lines, of HV and EHV installations;
High Voltage System (KV) Safe Working Clearance (Meters)
12 2.6
36 2.8
72.5 3.1
145 3.7
245 4.3
420 6.4
800 10.3
10.2.5.2 In the event of likelihood of lightening and or storm, all work on overhead lines
shall be discontinued immediately and employees concerned shall descend from
the towers and shall keep clear of the line until the danger has passed and inform
the Authorized Person.
10.2.5.3 Before climbing elevated structures the employees shall ensure that the structure
is sound enough to sustain his weight safely.
10.2.5.4 When two or more linemen are ascending a pole or structure the second man
should not start climbing until the first man is in a safe position or when
descending the lower man should reach the ground first before the other man
starts descending.
10.2.6 Additional precautions relating to work on Transmission systems
10.2.6.1 Work on single or multiple circuits overhead lines with all conductors dead:
10.2.6.2 The work shall be carried only after availing a suitable L/C permit.
10.2.6.3 The work-in-charge, at each tower, shall be provided with a safety ribbon and
shall place it around the work site before allowing any man to climb the tower
on which work is to be carried out.
10.2.6.4 The conductors shall be connected to earth by the Authorized Person or a
competent person working under his/her direct supervision at the point of
work unless they are to be removed /segregated for examination. During this
time the conductor shall be earthed at those nearest towers where they are
still secured in the clamps, but in no case shall the earth be more than six
spans apart.
10.2.6.5 Work on Double Circuit Overhead line with one circuit live;
Where work similar to that under paragraph 10.36 above is to be carried out
on double circuit overhead lines with one of the circuit live, the provisions of
paragraph 10.36 shall apply, and the following additional precautions shall be
taken;
10.2.6.5.1 After barricading the work place by safety ribbon, the Authorized person at
the point of work shall climb the tower on the DEAD side only, and shall
efficiently connect, to each all three conductors on that side. He shall then
affix red pennants to the cross arms supporting the live conductors at the

Page 92 of 136
junction of these cross arms with the tower body. The conductors shall
remain efficiently earthed, and the red pennants shall remain in position
throughout the progress of the work, and the earths and pennants shall be
removed by the authorized person or competent persons working under his
direct supervision only after all other members of the working party have
descended the tower on completion of work. While affixing or removing
earths and red pennants, the person concerned shall be under observation by
another employee at ground level.
10.2.6.5.2 The authorized person in charge shall see that danger notices are fixed to
make it clear to all concerned that which portion it is safe to work and shall
issue to each person, who is to work on the towers, an armlet or wristlet
bearing the distinguishing number of symbol of the overhead line on which he
is to work. The armlet or wristlet shall be worn by the person to whom it is
issued during the whole period that he is engaged on the work. He shall not
bring any part of his body or any working tool nearer to any live conductor
within the distance specified earlier. On the conclusion of the work, the
armlets or wristlets shall be collected back by the authorized person.
10.2.6.6 Work in the TEE-OFF tower shall only be carried out in the presence of an
authorized person with specified Line Clear Permit and special care shall be
taken at terminal and large angle towers.
10.2.6.7 WORK ON LIVE LINE (ON CHARGED LINE):- This being a specialized job
requiring highly skilled manpower, only trained and certified
persons/Agencies having license will be allowed to carry it out. However,
general safety precautions must be followed.
10.2.7 Painting and other work on Towers
10.2.7.1 The following additional precautions shall be observed in case of towers

carrying live conductors;
10.2.7.2 No employee shall climb above the anti-climbing device unless under
observation by another competent workman.
10.2.7.3 No tools above 80 cms. in length shall be taken up the tower;
10.2.7.4 As far as practicable, the work shall be carried out from within the body of the
tower.
10.2.7.5 No employee shall work in a manner that his access way or arms or any tool
extend beyond the clearance limitations fixed.
10.2.7.6 All safety requirements as required on working on EHV lines (Double circuit
live line, single circuit live line or double circuit one sided live line) will be
applicable in the case of OPGW installations/modification/jointing.
10.2.7.7 Only the certified equipments like hotline rolling machines, pullies, tension
sets, suspension sets, buffer jacket etc shall be used for OPGW works.

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10.2.8 Working with Power Line Carrier Communication(PLCC)equipment
10.2.8.1 Adequate precautions shall be observed in connection with the work of carrier
equipment;
10.2.8.2 Carrier line shall not be worked on while the conductor is energized and
unearthed.
10.2.8.3 Coupling capacitor stacks shall not be worked on while the conductor is
energized or unearthed. After the capacitor has been disconnected from the
line conductor the top connection shall be discharged by temporary earth with
an earth discharge rod.
10.2.8.4 No contact shall be made with the carrier lead in conductor, except when
using rubber gloves, or with lead in conductor, solidly earthed through the
earthing switch in the event of safety gaps are breaking down the earth switch
shall be closed before any contact is made with the carrier load-in-conductor
line turning connections.
10.2.8.5 Carrier lead-in-conductor shall not be disconnected from the line tuning unit
unless the load-in-conductor is definitely earthed at the coupling capacitor
with the earthing switch which is provided. Operating rod shall be used for
operation of the earth switch.
10.2.8.6 When working on the transmitter or power amplifier unit, extreme case
should be taken due to dangerous voltage which exists in each of these units.
More than one workman, preferably one authorized officer should be present
when working on this equipment.
10.2.9 Minimum clearances in Meters between lines crossing each other shall be as
follows:
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sl. Nominal 11-66 110-132 220 400 800
No. System KV KV KV KV KV
Volt. in Kv
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1. 11- 66 2.44 3.05 4.58 5.49 7.94
2. 110 -132 3.05 3.05 4.58 5.49 7.94
3. 220 4.58 4.58 4.58 5.49 7.94
4. 400 5.49 5.49 5.49 5.49 7.94
5. 800 7.94 7.94 7.94 7.94 7.94
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Where two lines cross, the crossing shall be made as nearly at right angles as
the nature of the case admits and as near the support of the line as

Page 94 of 136
practicable, and the support of the lower line shall not be erected below the
upper line.
ANY SAFE OPERATING PRACTICES AS APPLICABLE TO THE WORKING
CULTURE, NOT COVERED UNDER THIS CHAPTER, MUST BE FOLLOWED FOR
ENSURING THE WORK TIME SAFETY. IN ADDITION TO THIS, THE STANDARD
OPERATING PROCEDURE PRESCRIBED IN THE (I) O&M MANUAL AND (II)
CONSTRUCTION MANUAL VOL-1 &2, SSUPPLIED EARLIER AND PRESENTLY IN
VOGUE,MUST BE STRICTLY FOLLOWED.
10.2.10 STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE (SOP) FOR REQUISITION/ISSUE

/RETURN OF LINE CLEARANCE (L/C)
10.1.10.1 REQUISITION OF LINE CLEARANCE ( L/C )

1. For any type of break down or maintenance work in the control room or
switchyard or Transmission Line the authorized engineer executing the work
must apply in person for L/C Requisition in the prescribed format of OPTCL to
the Shift in-charge.
2. No L/C can be requisitioned through telephone.
3. Only the authorized Engineer only of the Industries/CGP/IPP or
Establishments linked directly to the Grid System, must apply IN PERSON for
L/C Requisition to the Shift in-charge of the concerned Grid, in the prescribed
L/C Requisition format of OPTCL.
4. In case of DISCOMs,
i) The concerned S.D.O in-charge of the 33 Kv line can apply to the Shift in-charge of
the concerned Grid for L/C Requisition in PERSON only, in the prescribed L/C
Requisition format of OPTCL assigning the No Back Feed Certificate (NBFC).
ii) In case of exigencies of work by the S.D.O in charge of a 33 Kv line, on particular
case to case basis, original authorization letter of the concerned Executive Engineer,
in favor of any other Engineer of his/her establishment, not below the rank of Asst.
Engineer, is to be presented to the Shift in-charge of the concerned Grid while
requesting for L/C Requisition.
iii) During any adverse weather condition like storm/disaster/heavy rain or in any
emergency, in case the concerned Executive Engineer or SDO requests over phone
(land or mobile) to the Shift in-charge of the concerned Grid, for hand tripping of
one or more 33 KV Feeder(s) under his/her jurisdiction only;
a. He/she has to intimate his/her Designation, Full name over phone and he/she
has to give a CODE WORD for the purpose.
b. This must be recorded in the Operation Log Book by the concerned Shift in-
charge of the Grid.
c. The Feeder can be charged only after getting a call from the particular
Engineer who requested for hand tripping, mentioning his/her Designation,
Full name and the previously communicated CODE WORD for the purpose.
d. Entire process must be recorded by the Shift in-charge of the Grid in the
Operation Log Book.

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5. Inter Grid L/C of OPTCL may be requisitioned by the Authorized Engineer through
Carrier phone or Departmental CUG telephone mentioning name & designation
requesting CODE WORD using OPTCL Grid Message IN and OUT book.
6. He or She (authorized executing engineer) requisitioning for a L/C , must mention;
(a) The exact Panel/Bay/Line on which L/C is required.
(b) The exact work to be carried out.
(c) Probable time of completion.
(d) The list of persons to be involved in the work.
(e) Undertaking for adherence to all Safety rules by the working gang.
(f) Undertaking to use PPE/Safety harness and non-use of mobile.
10.1.10.2 ISSUE OF LINE CLEARANCE
1. The Shift engineer, after receipt of the L/C requisition in person, should immediately
react and examine the exact Panel/Equipment/Bay/Line on which L/C is required.
2. Permission of ERLDC required if any, for issue of L/C on 400/220 KV Grid/Line may
be sought/obtained.
3. He/she should analyze the effect of issue of L/C on that requisition on the existing
supply system (all incoming/outgoing or 33 Kv load).
4. If the L/C can be issued without affecting any important load or system, he/she can
take a decision for issue. If any important load/system is affected with interruption of
load, he/she may discuss with the Grid in-charge. Entire process should be completed
as early as possible.
5. First it should be clearly ascertained regarding the Bus arrangement related to the
L/C to be issued, such as (a) Bus-I Bus-II (b) Bus-I Bus-II Transfer Bus (c) Main &
Transfer Bus (d) Ring main Bus.
6. The Equipment or Line, for which the L/C is requisitioned, is to be examined whether
it is charged normally or from - (a) Reserve Bus by Bus Coupler (b) Bus-I or Bus-
II (c) Transfer Bus Coupler.
7. After being ascertained for issue of L/C, all related Breaker / Breakers to be hand
tripped from the control room.
8. Both AC & DC Fuses of the related panels must be taken out and kept safely.
9. In switch yard, physical opening of the Breaker/Breakers are to be checked.
10. Both side Isolators, Bus & Line, must be isolated to ensure complete isolation from
the system.
11. If the existing system is charged through Bus Coupler or Transfer Bus Coupler, then
the respective Isolators must be opened.
12. If the Bus Coupler or Transfer Bus Coupler is to be used for retaining power supply to
a Line, facilitating issue of L/C to particular Equipment, respective Isolator/Isolators
may also to be closed.
13. Earth switch must be closed in case of a Line to be under L/C.
14. Earth switch must be closed in case of a Line to be under L/C from both sides of the
connecting Grids.
15. The MAN ON LINE/DANGER tag should be hanged on the related Panels in control
room & related Isolators, Breakers, Equipments in switch yard.
16. L/C Issue form is to be filled up properly mentioning all operations done & the
Equipment/Bay/Line on which L/C is issued &names of the person in whose favor it is
issued.
17. L/C may be issued to an authorized Engineer in person, in his name and designation.

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18. Inter Grid L/C may be Issued to the Authorized Engineer through Carrier phone or
Departmental CUG telephone mentioning name & designation and CODE WORD
using OPTCL Grid Message IN and OUT book.
10.1.10.3 EXECUTION OF THE WORK
1. The Executing engineer must have inter action with the entire working gang
regarding the (i) where work to be taken up (ii) nature of the work (iii) scheduling of
the work (iv) danger zone or dangers associated with the work (v) person wise work
distribution(vi) probable time of completion of the work
2. To enter the work place, use of Safety Helmet, Safety Boot, Safety Glove, switching
off the MOBILE phone is mandatory.
3. Do not work, being DRUG ADDICTED AND ALCOHOLIC.
4. During work, the Walkie Talkie is to be used in the switch yard for communication.
5. If any work on Tower Structure, Line, Switch yard Bus conductor, Column and Beam
is there, use of SAFETY Harness is mandatory.
6. After receipt of the valid L/C, Authorized Engineer executing the work, with the
working gang have to re-check the complete isolation of the Equipment/Bay/Line.
7. The respective Equipment/Bay/Line must be checked by a working EHV Detector.
8. In case of a Line, closure of ERATH switch must be ensured.
9. The Work place/Working zone is to be demarcated/cordoned by a RED RIBBON.
10. The members of the working gang MUST not;
(i) Be inattentive.
(ii) Wear loose dress.
(iii) Put their shirts out rather shirt should be put inside the pant.
(iv) Use chain in the neck or key chain or metal belt monogram.
(v) Indulge in unnecessary gossip in and around the work place.
11. All the T&P and other materials required for the work must be taken to the work site
& kept in an organized manner at the work place prior to starting the work.
12. Temporary EARTHING must be done by cable type Earth Discharge Rod in all the
3(three) phases and both side of the working spot in presence of the executing engineer.
While connecting the Earth Discharge Rod, first the earth side bolt/clamp of the cable
should be tightened/fastened, then the discharge rod to be put to live part.
13. Use of Derrick or Ladder inside the Switch yard should be done under direct supervision of
the supervising engineer with utmost care without risking for any accident.
14. Work should not be carried out in a hurry, neither quality of work nor safety of
workmen and equipment should be compromised for early completion of the work.
15. Work must be taken over as per the guide lines issued by the Maintenance Manual
for Lines & Sub-Stations of OPTCL already in force
16. Qualified and experienced technicians must be allowed to carry out the work on
Equipments/Bay/Line in presence of the authorized Engineer executing the work.
17. After completion of the required work as per the L/C, all the workmen should be
withdrawn from the Equipments/Bay/Line.
18. No workman, unless and otherwise specifically instructed by the Supervising
Engineer, should move to any other place in the Switchyard except the working zone
to take up any work.
19. All the materials should be withdrawn.
20. Withdrawal of all men and material should be thoroughly verified by the executing
engineer for confirmation.
21. The working place must be thoroughly cleaned after completion of entire work.

Page 97 of 136
22. After withdrawal of all men and material and cleaning of the working place the L/C
may be Returned in the prescribed Format of OPTCL.
10.1.10.4 RETURN OF LINE CLEARANCE
1. Line clearance must be returned in person mentioning the actual work carried out,
any modification (alteration/addition) of the system done & certifying that All men and
Materials are removed. Any Inter Grid L/C issued to the authorized Engineer through Carrier
phone or Departmental CUG telephone mentioning name & designation and CODE
WORD using OPTCL Grid Message IN and OUT book, may be returned in the same
process as it was issued.
2. Permission of ERLDC required if any, for charging after return of L/C on 400/220 KV
Grid/Line may be sought/obtained.
3. Before any operation for charging, after the L/C is returned, again the Operation
people must physically verify the Switch yard to ensure withdrawal of men and
materials from workplace.
4. Removal of all temporary Earth is to be ensured.
5. Removal of any sort of temporary metal link/linking short piece strand of conductor,
between the shut down portion and the structure, are to be ensured.
6. The Earth switches to be opened.
7. The associated Isolators are to be closed.
8. The MAN ON LINE/DANGER tag hanged during issue of L/C in switch yard is to be
removed.
9. All the related Fuses in the respective Control Panels may be inserted.
10. The MAN ON LINE/DANGER tag hanged during issue of L/C on Control Panel/Panels
to be removed.
11. The Bay/Line may be charged.
12. The respective Ammeter/Volt meter/MW Meter may be checked to ensure the
charging.
10.2.11 GENERAL INSTRUCTION IN ODIA FOR SAFE L/C PERMIT & WORK
PROCEDURE AS IN THE NEXT PAGE

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Page 99 of 136

Page 100 of 136

Page 101 of 136
10.2.12 GUIDE LINES FOR MOCK SAFETY DRILLS: Mock safety drills and demo
should be carried over in the Grids and work sites to enhance the safety
knowledge and awareness among the workmen and engineers of the
Corporation.
Board of Directors of OPTCL in its 55thmeeting have directed that Safety
drills, First-aid and Fire-safety exercises shall be made mandatory at regular
intervals in presence of the SDOs, Division Heads and a register to this effect
shall be maintained capturing details of drills and exercises. This will be the
responsibility of the respective Circle and Division Heads.
Conducting safety awareness meeting including the benefit of using PPEs.
Demo on use of safety helmet ( wearing properly )
Demo on use of safety hand glove (wearing properly )
Demo on use of safety belt (full body harness), how to wear it properly.
Demo on working with wearing safety belt
Procedures for proper maintaining the PPEs, like proper storing and their
condition monitoring
Mock drill on line clear requisition/issue/return [ to be done as per the
approved S.O.P circulated through webmail during november2013, however
a brief is mentioned for ready reference ]
(a) Discussion regarding the standard operating procedure(sop) for line clear
requisition/issue/return
(b) Requisition in proper format
Requisition in proper manner
Step by step procedure for issue of l/c
(i) Verification of the l/c requisition format
(ii) Deciding the check list for issue of the particular l/c
(iii) Ensuring No BACK FEED certificate on the requisition from distcom
requisitions
(iv) Adopting the proper, step by step procedure for issue of the l/c, such as
Intimation to the related other grid(s), if required and l/c from them are to be
availed.
Inside the control room:
Hand tripping of related breaker(s),
If isolators operate on remote, isolation of related isolators
Taking out of the related fuse(s)
Hanging the danger board on the specific panel(s)
In the switch yard:
Entering the switch yard with safety helmet, safety shoes & safety hand
gloves
Verification of the related breaker for tripping of all the three phases
Isolation of related isolators
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Connecting the related earth switch

Hanging the danger board on the specific equipment(s)
(v) Issue of L/C format
(c) Availing the line clear and proceed to work by the site in-charge/work in-
charge (executive)
(i) Brief meeting with the working gang specifying about the work, working zone,
nature of hazard/risk/danger involved.
(ii) Verification of the personal protective equipments regarding their condition
(iii) Proceeding to the specific work place with the working gang and all tools &
tackles necessary for the work and with all personal protective
equipments(ppe)
(iv) Checking the work place for complete isolation and earthing
(v) Barricading the work place by safety ribbon
(vi) Putting all temporary earthing
(vii) Completing the work in presence of the site/work in-charge(executive)
(viii) Cleaning of the work place
(ix) After completion of the work, thorough checking of the place for removal of
waste, man, material and temporary earthing
(d) Returning the line clear in proper format
(e) After return of the line clear by the requisitioning officer
Work place to be thoroughly checked for removal of man and material by
operation in-charge
Opening of earth switch
Intimation to the nearby grid(s), if required
After getting clearance from required nearby grid(s), restoration process may
be completed
11 EARTHING
11.1 STATUTORY PROVISIONS FOR EARTHING:
11.1.1 In all the high and extra high voltage equipments, the neutral points shall be
earthed by not less than two separate and distinct connections with earth,
each having its own electrodes at substation.
11.1.2 All earth connections shall be visible for inspection.
11.1.3 All connections shall be carefully made; if they are poorly made or
inadequate, for the purpose for which they are intended, loss of life or serious
personal injury may result.
11.1.4 Each earth system shall be so devised that the testing of individual earth
electrode is possible. It is recommended that the value of any earth system
resistance shall be such as to confirm with the degree of shock protection
desired. Values preferably should be less than 1.0 ohms.
11.1.5 No cut-out, link or switch other than a linked switch arranged to operate
simultaneously on the earthed or earthed neutral conductor and the live
Page 103 of 136
conductors, shall be inserted on any supply system.

11.1.6 The basic requirements are:
(a) A contact potential of 65 volt is within the tolerable limits of human body for
10 seconds. Hence protective relays or device characteristic should be such
that this 65 volt contact potential should be eliminated within 10 seconds and
higher voltage with shorter times.
(b) A voltage of 250 volts can be withstood by a human body for about 100
milliseconds which requires instantaneous disconnection of such faults, giving
rise to potential rise of 250 volts or more above the ground potential.
11.2 EARTHING PRACTICES
11.2.1 Provision of adequate earthing in a sub-station is extremely important for the
safety of the operating personnel as well as proper operation of the system
and protective devices. The primary requirements of a good earthing system
in a sub-station are:
a) The resistance to ground should be as low as possible in sub-stations as

well as the tower footing - it should not exceed 1 ohm in any case.
b) The step and touch potentials should be within safe limits.
11.2.2 To meet these requirements, an earthing network is made by connecting all

the earthing in a mesh. All the non-current carrying parts of the equipments
in the sub-station are connected to this mesh so as to ensure that under fault
conditions; none of these parts are at a higher potential than the grounding
mesh.
11.2.3 In the sub-stations provisions for earthing for following are made:(a) The
neutral point of each equipment (Transformer, L.A, Capacitor Bank, P.T,C.V.T.
Circuit Breaker, Isolator, Reactor etc.) should have two independent earths
which in turn should be interconnected with each other as well as other
earthings. For Transformers it is better to have quadruple earthing.
(b) Equipment metal framework and other non-current carrying parts should
be earthed at two points.
(c) All other metallic frame work not associated with equipment, like fencing
wire mesh, fencing poles (if metallic).
(e) All special structures on which switches, transformers, fuses, etc. are
mounted should be earthed.
(f)The entire Isolator Mechanism box, Distribution box should be earthed by

Flexible copper earth bond.
11.2.4 In special locations, railway and telegraph lines crossings, special structures,
etc., pipe/rod earthing should be done.
11.2.5 At other locations the coil earthing may be adopted. The coil earthing consists
Page 104 of 136
of 10m length of 8 SWG. G.I. wire compressed into a coil 450 mm length and
50 mm diameter and buried 1500 mm deep.
11.2.6 Earthing in a sub-station must confirm to the requirements of Indian
Electricity Rules and relevant Indian Standard. The earthing system has to be
designed to have low overall impedance and a current carrying capacity
consistent with fault current. The factors, which influence the design, are:
1. Duration of fault.
2. Magnitude of fault current.
3. Resistivity of the underlying strata.
4. Resistivity of surface material.
5. Material of the earth electrodes.
11.2.7 The joints in earthing system should be riveted, brazed, bolted or welded. For
protection against rust, welded joints should be painted with anti-corrosive
red oxide and aluminum paint and then coated with bitumen. Joints between
switchgear units, cable sheaths, etc. that require opening should be bolted. All
joints in the interconnecting grounding mesh should be welded.
11.2.8 Earth flat of 6mmx50mm / 8mmx75mm or 40mm square rods may be used
for earthing of the Sub-Stations.
11.3 TEMPORARY EARTHING:
11.3.1 Temporary earths are those applied at the actual location of the work, during
repair or construction of installations, for the protection of workmen and
property.
11.3.2 Earthing devices shall be of approved types, ISI marked, comprising properly
designed clamps attached to insulated sticks of sufficient lengths to enable
the clamps to be securely clamped to the conductors being earthed without
an employees hand approaching closer than the minimum safe working
distances, each such line clamp is to be connected by a flexible copper
earthing lead or of equivalent copper section of aluminum cable to an
adequate earth clamp or other device for attaching to permanent a
connection or to a temporary earthing spike.
11.3.3 The earthing should be connected to clean rust free nut bolts of
tower/Earthing Electrode.
11.3.4 Before doing any work on dead lines or equipment where there is a possibility
of their becoming energized from any source, such line or equipment should
be temporarily earthed between the location of work and all possible sources
of energy.
11.3.5 When grounding lines or equipment the connection to the ground shall be
made first and that to the circuit or equipment last. In removing grounds, first
remove the connection to the circuit or apparatus and then remove the
ground connection.
11.3.6 ISI approved discharge rods should be used in making ground connection to
the circuit or apparatus.

Page 105 of 136
11.3.7 Where two or more crews are working independently on same line or
equipment, each crew shall properly protect him/her by placing their own
temporary grounds at both sides of the work spot.
11.3.8 When it is necessary to disrupt a line, bus bar or loop or to repair a broken
conductor or damaged loop, earths shall be placed on both sides of the work.
When removing earthing leads, they shall be disconnected from the line
conductor first and the earth system last.
11.3.9 All works on dead circuit shall be done in between two sets of temporary
earths done by the authorized person only.
11.3.10 Temporary Earths shall never be attached or removed with bare hands.
Rubber gloves or approved protective equipment shall always be used.
11.3.11 As far as practicable, the person making temporary earths on structures shall
maintain his position below the level of conductor to be earthed in order to
keep the body away from any that may occur when the earthing device is
applied.
11.3.12 No temporary earth shall be removed from the equipment while the work is
in progress. Only authorized person has to remove the temporary earth.
11.3.13 Employees shall not touch any conductor from which protective earths have
been removed.
11.3.14 Earthing of one conductor does not render other conductors safe for work. All
phases shall be earthed even if work is to be carried out only on one phase.
11.3.15 Temporary earth connections should not be connected to neutral wire,
guy/stay wire or any other metal part of the structure.
11.3.16 The meaning of temporary earth is that it is done for the purpose of carrying
out the specific work by creating a safety zone for the protection of working
personnel from electric shock.
11.3.17 The temporary earthing connection to the lines should be as close to the
point of work as possible.
11.4 Removing the Temporary Earth connections - On completion of work,
removal of the earthing and short-circuiting devices shall be carried out in the
reverse order to that adopted for placing them, that is, the end of the
earthing device attached to the conductors of the earthed mains or apparatus
shall be removed first and the other end connected to earth shall be removed
last. The conductor shall not be touched after the earthing device has been
removed from it.
11.4.1 Temporary Earthing: General precautions
11.4.2 No electric apparatus of line shall be earthed until all reasonable precautions
have been taken to ensure that is has been disconnected from all sources of
supply.
11.4.3 Connections for earthing of apparatus or lines shall be applied or removed
only by authorized/competent persons.
11.4.4 Before any circuit or apparatus is earthed for work it shall be ensured that it is
disconnected from supply mains. It shall then be discharged with the help of
approved discharge rod, which is efficiently connected with earth. The
workman shall use rubber gloves and keep his body at least 60 cm. away from
the earthing wire.
11.4.5 In case where earthing is done through the station ground wire existing on
Page 106 of 136
the tower, it shall be examined to ensure that there is no cut or break on it.
11.4.6 When steel tower or structure is used for earthing the lines, prior to
connecting conductors there too, one leg of the tower/structure shall be
earthed with approved earthing device.
11.4.7 Earthing leads shall be connected to the earth system before being secured to
the conductors.
11.4.8 Earthing leads shall not be applied in any cell or compartment in which there
is any exposed live conductor.
11.4.9 When it is necessary to cut a line Bus bar or loop or to repair a broken
conductor or damaged loop, earths shall be placed on both sides of the work.
11.4.10 If work is being done on de-energized equipment on both sides of an air break
switch, earths shall be placed on the circuit on both side of the switch or the
switch shall be designated as a temporary earthing switch.
11.4.11 When work is to be done inside oil circuit breaker or on oil circuit breaker
bushings, or on the upper portion of the operating mechanism of oil circuit
breakers where there is the slightest chance of contact being made with the
live conductors, all terminals of the switch shall be securely earthed even if
the work pertains only to bushing or tank of the switch.
11.4.12 For work on transformers, earths must be placed on each terminal or each
winding.
11.4.13 Before working on capacitors or underground cables, they shall be
disconnected from the source of energy, discharged after delay of 5 minutes
and then earthed.
11.4.14 Where a neon lamp, potential light voltmeter phasing sticks, or other device is
employed for testing of live circuit, the device shall be tested before and after
use to ascertain that the device is in working order.
11.4.15 While working overhead transmission lines, earths shall be placed on both
sides of the tower on which work is being done as far as possible.
11.4.16 While applying earths to overhead transmission lines place the earth wire on
the lowest conductor first.
11.4.17 When removing earthing leads, they shall be disconnected from the phases
first and the earth system last. The removal shall be carried out in reverse
order than that adopted for connection of the various phases to earth.
11.4.18 The receiving stations/Sub-station operator shall keep a record of the time of
application and of removal of the earths in the sub-station log book in case of
works inside the sub-station.
11.4.19 Earths shall never be attached or removed with bare hands. Rubber gloves or
approved protective equipment shall always be used.
11.4.20 In so far as practicable, the person applying the earths on poles and structures
shall maintain the position below the level of conductors to be earthed in
order to keep the body away from any arc that may occur when the earthing
device is applied.

Page 107 of 136
11.4.21 If there are more than one working parities in different sections, each working
party shall have precautionary earths of its own. As far as practicable, no man
shall work at a point where he is out of sight of earths, which protects him.
11.5 Additional precautions to be taken on lines for protection against lightening:
11.5.1 During construction of an E.H.T. line, after the conductor has been pulled in
place and sagged, one or more earths shall be placed on the tower nearest to
the point of temporary dead end or the point of snub and allowed to remain
until conductor has been pulled in and sagged. New earths shall be put on or
the old earth moved forwards as the sagging is completed. Always keep an
earth between men working and the completely strung conductors.
11.5.2 If during work on electric line, an electrical storm should approach so close
that there appears a likelihood of a direct lightening stroke to the line the
employees concerned shall descend from the towers and shall keep clear of
them until the danger has passed.
11.6 General safety precautions during work on any equipment or Line:
11.6.1 When any apparatus is not known to be adequately earthed, it shall be
treated alive.
11.6.2 Short circuiting of a circuit by a strap alone is not a safeguard until the short-
circuiting strap is properly earthed.
11.6.3 Even though lines or other electrical equipment may have been isolated, they
may be rendered dangerous due to induced voltage from neighboring circuits
and therefore, they shall not be touched until the regular earthing procedure
has been carried out.
11.6.4 Earthing of one conductor does not render the other conductors safe for
work. All phases shall be earthed even if the work is to be carried out only on
the one phase.
11.6.5 Never assume a circuit has been made dead, isolated and earthed on
structures or towers with more than one circuit upon which work is being
carried out, that any other circuit on the same structure or tower must
necessarily be dead also.
11.6.6 No earthing switch on high or extra high voltage apparatus shall be operated
or temporary earth connections to such apparatus detached or removed
except under the instruction of the authorized persons.
11.6.7 Employee shall not touch any conductor from which protective earths have
been removed.
11.6.8 While shifting the ladder in the switchyard special care shall be taken and the
same should be shifted horizontally to avoid any contact with the live part.
11.6.9 Earth discharge rods should be of adequate current and voltage withstanding
capacity as per the requirement of the system and it should be ISI marked.
11.6.10 The point of connection of earth discharge rod should be tightly fixed with the
solid earthing ground.

Page 108 of 136
12. SAFETY ASPECT FOR CONSTRUCTION WORK

We should use only good quality materials as per BIS/ISS specifications,
having more than adequate mechanical strength, & the desired factor of
safety for the supports and conductors as mentioned in the IE Rules, for
construction of transmission lines and substations. Using these practices
would automatically avoid danger to the public and ensure Safety in the
Construction.
IE Rule 1956 Chapter-IV, Rule 29 and Chapter-VIII, Rule 74 through 93, give
instructions regarding Material standard and other statutory requirements for
construction of Lines and Sub-station.
12.1 General Safety Rules for construction (IE rule 1956 Chapter-IV, Rule 29)
12.1.1 Construction, installation, protection, operation and maintenance of electric
supply lines and apparatus:- 3[(1) All electric supply lines and apparatus shall
be of sufficient ratings for power, insulation and estimated fault current and
of sufficient mechanical strength, for the duty which they may be required to
perform under the environmental conditions of installation, and shall be
constructed, installed, protected, worked and maintained in such a manner as
to ensure safety of human beings, animals and property.
12.1.2 As otherwise provided in these rules, the relevant code of practice of the
Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) including National Electrical Code (NEC) may
be followed to carry out the purposes of this rule and in the event of any
inconsistency, the provisions of these rules shall prevail.
12.1.3 The material and apparatus used shall conform to the relevant specifications
of the BIS, where such specifications have already been laid down.
12.1.4 OVER-HEAD LINES, UNDERGROUND CABLES & SUB STATIONS :IE Rule 1956
Chapter-VIII, Rule 74 through 93 provisions;
12.1.5 Material and strength :
12.1.5.1 All conductors of overhead lines other than those specified in sub-rule (1) of
rule 86 shall have a breaking strength of not less than 350Kg.
12.1.5.2 Where the voltage is low and the span is of less than 15 meters and is on the
owners or consumer premises, a conductor having an actual breaking
strength of not less than 150 Kg. may be used.
12.1.6 Joints, IE Rule 1956 Chapter-VIII, Rule 75
12.1.6.1 Joints between conductors of overheads lines shall be mechanically and
electrically secured under the condition of operation. The ultimate strength of
the joint shall not be less than 95 % of the conductor, and the electrical
conductivity not less than that of the conductor.
12.1.6.2 Conductor of an overhead line shall have more than two joints in a span.
12.1.6.3 Maximum stresses, factors of safety IE Rule 1956 Chapter-VIII, Rule 76
12.1.6.4 The load and permissible stresses on the structural members, conductors and
ground wire of self supporting steel lattice tower for overhead transmission
lines shall be in accordance with specifications laid down, from time to time,
by the Bureau of Indian Standards.
12.1.6.5 Overhead lines not covered above shall have the following minimum factors
of safety:
12.1.6.6 For metal supports. 1.5
12.1.6.7 For mechanically processed concrete supports. 2.0
12.1.6.8 For hand molded concrete supports. 2.5
Page 109 of 136
12.1.6.9 For wood supports. 3.0

12.1.6.10 Initial unloaded tension 35 per cent
12.1.6.11 Final unloaded tension 25 per cent
12.1.7 Clearance above ground of the lowest conductor, IE Rule1956 Chapter-VIII,
Rule 77
12.1.7.1 For Extra High Voltage lines, the clearance above ground shall not be less than
5.2 meters plus 3.0 meter for every 33,000 volts or part thereof by which the
voltage of the line exceeds 33,000 volts.
12.1.7.2 PROVIDED that the minimum clearance along or across any street shall not be
less than 6.1 meters.
12.1.8 Clearance from building of high and extra-high voltage lines IE rule 1956 ,
Chapter VIII , Rule-80
12.1.8.1 Where high or extra-high voltage over-head line passes above or adjacent to
any building or part of a building, it shall have on the basis of maximum sag a
vertical clearance above the highest part of the building immediately under
such line, of not less than-
12.1.8.2 For high voltage lines up to and including 33,000 volts 3.7 meters
12.1.8.3 For extra-high voltage lines 3.7 meters plus 0.3 meter for every additional
33,000 volts or part thereof.
12.1.8.4 The horizontal clearance between the nearest conductor and any part of such
building shall, on the basis of maximum deflection due to wind pressure, be
not less than-
12.1.8.5 For high voltage lines up to and Including 11,000 volts 1.2 meters
12.1.8.6 For high voltage lines above 11,000 volts and up to and including 33,000 volts
2.0 meters
12.1.8.7 For extra-high voltage lines 2.0 meters plus 0.3 meter for every additional
33,000 volts or part thereof.
12.1.9 Clearance General

12.1.9.1 For the purpose of computing the vertical clearance of an over-head line, the
maximum sag of any conductor shall be calculated as specified on the basis of
the maximum sag in still air and the maximum temperature as specified by
the State Government under I.E. Rule 1956 Chapter-VIII Rule 76(2)(d).
Similarly, for the purpose of computing any horizontal clearance of an over-
head line, the maximum deflection of any conductor shall be calculated on
the basis of the wind pressure specified by the State Government under I.E.
Rule 1956 Chapter-VIII Rule 72(2) (a) .
12.1.9.2 No blasting for any purpose shall be done within 300 meters from the
boundary of sub-station or from the High Voltage or Extra High Voltage
electric supply lines or tower structure without the consultation of the owner
of such sub-station or electric supply lines or tower structures; and in case of
mining lease hold area, without the written permission of the Chief Inspector
of Mines or the Electrical Inspector of mines.
12.1.10 Routes-proximity to aerodromes, I.E. Rule1956 Chapter-VIII Rule 84:
12.1.10.1 Over-headlines shall not be erected in the vicinity of aerodromes until the
aerodromes authorities have approved in writing the route of the proposed
lines.
12.1.11 Maximum intervals between supports, IE Rule1956 Chapter-VIII Rule 85:

Page 110 of 136
12.1.11.1 All conductors shall be attached to supports at intervals not exceeding the
safe limits based on the ultimate tensile strength of the conductors and the
factor of safety prescribed in rule I.E. Rule 1956 Chapter-VIII Rule 76.
12.1.12 Lines crossing or approaching each other, IE I.E. Rule 1956 Chapter-VIII Rule
87
12.1.12.1 Where an over-head line crosses or is in proximity to any telecommunication
line, either the owner of the over-head line or the telecommunication line,
whoever lays his line later, shall arrange to provide protective devices or
guarding arrangement, in a manner laid down in the Code of Practice or the
guideline prepared by the Power and Telecommunication Co-ordination
committee (PTCC) and subject to the provisions of the statutory rules.
12.1.12.2 When it is intended to erect a telecommunication line or an over-head line
which will cross or be in proximity to an over-head line or a
telecommunication line, as the case may be, the person proposing to erect
such line shall give one month notice of his intention to do so along with the
relevant details of protection and drawings to the owner of the existing line.
12.1.13 Where an over-head line crosses or is in proximity to another overhead line,
guarding arrangement shall be provided so as to guard against the possibility
of their coming into contact with each other.
12.1.13.1 Where over head lines cross each other, clearances shall be as under:
Sl.no. Nominal system volt 11-66 kv 132 kv 220 kv 400 kv 800 kv

1 Low & Medium 2.44 3.05 4.58 5.49 7.94
2 11-66 kv 2.44 3.05 4.58 5.49 7.94
3 132 kv 3.05 3.05 4.58 5.49 7.94
4 220 kv 4.58 3.05 4.58 5.49 7.94
5 400 kv 5.49 5.49 5.49 5.49 7.94
6 800 kv 7.94 7.94 7.94 7.94 7.94
12.1.13.2 PROVIDED that no guarding are required when an extra-high voltage line
crosses over another extra-high voltage, high voltage, medium or low voltage
line or a road or a tram subject to the condition that adequate clearances are
provided between the lowest conductor of the extra-high voltage line and the
topmost conductor of the overhead line crossing underneath the extra-high
voltage line and the clearance as stipulated in rule 77 from the topmost
surface of the road is maintained.
12.1.13.3 A person erecting or proposing to erect a line which may cross or be in
proximity with an existing line, may normally provide guarding arrangements
on his own line or require the owner of the other over-head line to provide
guarding arrangement.
12.1.13.4 In all cases referred to in the preceding sub-rules, the expenses of providing
the guarding arrangements or protective device shall be borne by the person
whose line was last erected.
12.1.13.5 Where two lines cross, the crossing shall be made as nearly at right angles as
the nature of the case admits and as near the support of the line as
practicable and the support of the lower line shall not be erected below the
upper line.

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12.1.13.6 The guarding arrangement shall ordinarily be carried out by the owner of the
supports on which it is made and he shall be responsible for its efficient
maintenance.
12.1.13.7 All works required to be done by or under this rule shall be carried out to the
satisfaction of the Inspector.
12.2 Precautions during rigging and hoisting by using cranes, derrick etc.
12.2.1 Man in charge of working party shall be responsible for loading within safe
limit and by proper use of ropes, chains, cables, slings, jacks, skid and other
hoisting and rigging apparatus. In no case shall such equipment be used until
the supervisor has inspected on each occasion and assured that it is free from
defects and safe for use.
12.2.2 Before operating a crane, derrick and other hoisting equipment, the Operator
should sound a warning and accept only one persons signal to start raising,
lowering or swinging load. However, the operator shall stop immediately
upon signal from any one.
12.2.3 Employees shall familiarize themselves with the proper use of knots, ties and
hitches and safe methods of hooking and slinging required in their work.
12.2.4 Particular care must be exercised to see that cables, chains and other hoisting
equipments are not unduly stressed by improper use. All ropes, cables,
chains, slings etc. shall be discarded when they are worn or have deteriorated
to the point where their safe use may be questionable in the judgment of the
supervisor.
12.2.5 Wire ropes or cable should have clips attached to cables; a sufficient number
should be used.
12.2.6 When applying U bolt clips to cables, a sufficient number should be used.
12.2.7 Following precautions will preserve the strength and life of rope.
12.2.7.1 Do not drag rope on the ground unnecessarily as dirt chafes the fibres.
12.2.7.2 Do not place kinked rope under stress.
12.2.7.3 Do not tie knots where splices should be used.
12.2.7.4 Do not allow ropes to become oil soaked, exposed to acid or corrosive
substances.
12.2.7.5 Do not allow rope to remain exposed to weather any more than necessary.
Carefully dry rope when it becomes wet.
12.3 WELDING, BURNING, CUTTING (GENERAL)
12.3.1 The primary hazards encountered during welding are Electric shock, burns,
radiant energy, toxic fumes, fire and explosions.
12.3.2 Avoid burns from electric arcs, gas welding flames, hot slag or touching
welded parts before they become cool by the following precautions.
12.3.3 Suitable goggles or welding helmets shall be worn for protection while
welding. Barriers should be erected to protect other persons from rays of
electric arcs or welding flames.
12.3.4 Clean goggles should be worn while chipping the slag.
12.3.5 Adequate ventilation shall be provided while welding in confined spaces or
while brazing cutting or welding zinc, brass, bronze, galvanized or lead coated
material, Poisonous fumes may be generated during the welding process by
metallic oxides, coatings on the materials bring cut or welded, or by the
electrode or flux rod.

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12.3.6 While welding or cutting in elevated position, precautions should be taken to

prevent sparks or hot metal falling on to people or inflammable materials.
12.3.7 No welding or cutting should be attempted in dusty or gaseous areas where
there is a danger of causing explosion.
12.3.8 Before welding or cutting a pipe, tank or container that has held flammable
materials, drain it thoroughly out and fill the container with water or
thoroughly wash the container with a caustic solution and spray sufficient
carbon-tetrachloride into the container to fill it with non-explosive vapour.
12.3.9 Avoid personal contact with the electrode or other live parts of electric
welding equipments. Alternating currents (AC) are dangerous even at low
voltage.
12.3.10 In acetylene burning and welding, never allow oil or grease to come in contact
with any cylinder, regulator, connection of gas welding equipment. Oil or
grease in the presence of oxygen may cause a violent explosion.
12.3.11 Never use matches to light a blow pipe. Use a friction lighter, stationary, pilot
flame or other suitable source of ignition.
12.4 EXCAVATIONS
12.4.1 Proper and adequate timber shorting and bracing shall be provided to prevent
sliding or slipping of loose or unstable earth, rock or other material or caving
in of excavation.
12.4.2 Undercutting of banks of trenches and other excavations shall be avoided.
12.4.3 Excavated material shall be dumped away from the edge of the excavated
trench to avoid the slipping of excavation material into the trench.
12.4.4 Excavation shall be properly fenced to protect men and animals from falling in.
12.4.5 Warning sign shall be placed near the excavation to warn the approaching
traffic and men. At night, red danger light shall be displayed at a conspicuous
point near the excavation.
12.5 CONCRETING AND CEMENTING
12.5.1 If working at a height, the workers should use full body safety harness.
12.5.2 Workers handling cement or concrete shall protect themselves by wearing
rubber boots and rubber gloves as required.
12.5.3 Proper guards and covers shall be provided on mixer gears, chains and rollers.
12.6 HANDLING SUPHUR HEXAFLURIDE (SF6) GAS
12.6.1 To control inherent dangers involved in handling containing SF6.
12.6.2 SF-6 Gas is extremely poisonous gas which harms human being.
12.6.3 Extreme care should be taken while gas is withdrawn from one sf-6 containing
equipment such that little of it should not be expelled to atmosphere. It
should only be done by the DEILO Kit available in the Grid S/S.
12.6.4 Extreme care should also be taken while using the SF-6 cylinder to refill the
equipments not to leak a bit of gas to the atmosphere.
12.7 TRANSPORTATION OF MATERIALS
12.7.1 During the transportation of any heavy equipment like Transformer, Breaker,
C.T, P.T, L.A, C.V.T etc, they shall be rigidly secured to the transport vehicle
and packing materials placed on either side of the base of the equipment to
prevent skidding. The loading and unloading should be supervised by an
experienced person& the work to be done by help of expert rigger gang using
adequate no of wooden slippers.

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12.7.2 No employee should stand between the equipment and the sides of the
transport vehicle.
12.7.3 While making turnings or going down inclines with loaded vehicle, great care
should be taken in driving. Over speed must not be resorted to. The brakes of
such vehicle should specially be checked prior to starting the journey.
12.7.4 While transporting tall equipments care should be taken for keeping the
balance of the vehicle, particularly in the turnings.
12.7.5 During such transportation of tall equipment/material it should be ensured
that sufficient clearance is there between tree branches/telegraph
line/electric lines from the top of that equipment/material.
12.8 STORAGE OF MATERIAL AND EQUIPMENT
12.8.1 The storage of material and equipment should be done in a planned manner
12.8.2 The Transformers and lubricating oils shall be stored at a safe distance from
the switchyard and proper drainage should be provided for the oil in case of
tank ruptures to restrict damage .Barrels, drums and kegs should be stored at
the end or securely blocked to prevent from rolling.
12.9 MANUAL HANDLING CARRYING , PILING etc OF MATERIAL AND
EQUIPMENT
12.9.1 If possible, the materials in the work site must be carried from one place to
another by ropes, jacks, rollers, wheel barrows and wheel carts.
12.9.2 The workmen shall be trained in safe methods of handling. They shall avoid
the following ;
12.9.2.1 Lifting with back.
12.9.2.2 Lifting too quickly and with a jerk.
12.9.2.3 Lifting while in an awkward position or with a poor footing.
12.9.2.4 Handling load which are too heavy or loads which obstructs vision.
12.9.2.5 Handling loads with sharp edges or corrosive materials without the use of
suitable protective clothing and equipment.
12.9.2.6 Raising or lowering of heavy objects by two or more workmen shall be
governed by a well understood code signals to ensure unity of action.
12.9.2.7 Only light loads should be lifted with various sizes of poly propylene rope.
These ropes should not be used over sharp metal edges.
12.9.3 MECHANICAL HANDLING OF MATERIAL AND EQUIPMENTS
12.9.3.1 Suitable hoisting apparatus should be used for hauling and carriage of loads
above 500 Kgs.
12.9.3.2 Slings for hoisting and other purpose may be made of chains, wire rope or
fibre rope of sufficient strength to carry the loads.
12.9.3.3 All slings should be provided with rings, shackles, links, hooks or I-Bolts of a
proper size so that they could be safely suspended. All should have the same
safe working load capacity.
12.10 HANDLING OF INSULATORS, CABLE DRUMS etc
12.10.1 The insulators should be packed in wooden crates and transported to the
work site.
12.10.2 Heavy objects and equipments should not be placed on the insulator crates.
12.10.3 The insulator crate should be manually unloaded from the truck and carried
to the work site.
12.10.4 The conductor as well cable drums should be loaded and unloaded with the
help of chain pulley block or mobile cranes.

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12.10.5 The conductor and the cable drums should be stored over wooden sleepers.
12.10.6 Before the insulators are raised up, they should be inspected for any possible
cracks or chippings. Only sound insulators should be installed.
12.11 STRINGING OF CONDUCTORS
12.11.1 The conductor or the cable drum should be supported on the drum support
and the paying out of conductor/cable should be done by rotating the reels in
a direction indicated by the supplier.
12.11.2 The paying out of the conductor should be done carefully avoiding any kink
formation, rubbing against stones and other hard surfaces.
12.11.3 In stringing of the conductors across railway lines, scaffolding should be done
on either side of the railway line to ensure that the conductors are not
allowed to lay on the railway track at any time of the work.
12.11.4 Every reasonable effort shall be made not to interfere with P&T Lines and
public property.
12.12 PROVISION OF SAFETY CLAUSE IN THE CONTRACT: As per the provision in

Clause No.7(1) of CEA (Safety requirement for Construction, Operation &
Maintenance of electrical Plants and electric Lines) Regulation-2011, owner
shall incorporate the safety provisions in the contract documents which are
required to be complied by the contractors employees during execution of
the contract to facilitate safe working during execution of the work. As per
the provision in Clause No.7 (2), Contractor or Sub-contractor is responsible
for the Safety adherence of their workman at work place. Foundation, brick
masonry & concrete work are also done for new Grids & Lines in OPTCL.
Hence, the following should be incorporated in the contract

document for all the work orders issued to all contractors as Safety
adherence including turnkey work, Rate contract holders of OPTCL in new or
old, construction or operation & maintenance work, so also for the contract
awarded for supply of Jhulla person and Tower climber. Civil works work
contract should also include the following in their work order:
SAFETY ADHERENCE:
(1) Must adhere to all the requirements as prescribed in CEA (Safety

requirement for Construction, Operation & Maintenance of electrical Plants
and electric Lines) Regulation-2011 Clause-7 (2), (3), (4) & (5).
(2) Must adhere to all the requirements as prescribed in BOCW (Regulation of
Employment & conditions of Service) Act 1996 Chapter - VII Cl-38, 39, 40
regarding safety of workmen.
(3) Must adhere to all the requirements as prescribed in Factories Act - 1948
Clause 40, 40 A, 41 regarding safety of workmen.
(4) Working contractor should provide (i) safety helmet, safety shoes and safety
eye shield (goggles) to its entire individual workman engaged for work in Grid
and line, existing or new (ii) full body harness (Safety Belt) should be supplied
by the contractor for its workman doing work at height of more than 6 ft. in
switchyard structures and lines irrespective of old or new work. (iii) Must
provide and ensure the use of ISI marked Earth discharge rod, EHV detector
of appropriate rating (iv) ensure barricading the live area &demarcating the

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safe working zone in an existing grid or line while in work (v) for concrete
work, Gumboot should be supplied to the related workmen (vi) for
underground work, supply and use of ladder is to be ensured (vii) as and
when required, proper scaffolding should be ensured.
12.13 Cross Boundary Safety between O&M and Construction:

For any extension work and its charging in the existing Grid or EHT
Line, by the Construction wing, all work should be done with the
knowledge of the O&M authorities specifically the Grid / Line in-
charge to avoid any disastrous incident. Any work or Testing
should be done with the proper Line clear permit availed by the
Construction in-charge from the Grid/Line in-charge as per the
prevailing procedure.
13. SAFETY ASPECT FOR CIVIL WORK

After approval of Electrical plan layout of switchyard, a civil foundation plan layout
is to be prepared & got approved from competent authority then only the Civil
Work is taken in hand. Must adhere to all the requirements as prescribed in
BOCW (Regulation of Employment & conditions of Service) Act 1996 Chapter
- VII Cl-38, 39, 40 regarding safety of workmen.
13.1 Site selection in view of safety

13.1.1 Connectivity & approach to the highway is important so that fire brigade &
ambulance can reach the sub-station immediately in case of accident & fire.
13.1.2 For safe & easy transportation of material to sub-station in all seasons it is
important to have proper road connectivity & approach.
13.2 Land Levelling:-
13.2.1 The levelling of the land is done to make available a plain land for switchyard
development. There shall no water logging during the rainy season/rainy
water must drain away.
13.2.2 Construction quality has long term effect on safety; hence ensure excellent
quality of work during every stage of the project construction.
13.2.3 Personal Protective equipments like Helmet, safety belt, safety boots, hand
lamps etc. must invariably be used & while working at the work site.
13.2.4 IE Rule 64: Trenches in the sub-station containing cable shall be filled with
non-inflammable Material & shall have slabs cover.
13.2.5 IE Rule 68(b), Outdoor sub-station shall be provided with a fencing not less
than 1.8 mtrs in height.
13.2.6 IE Rules 29 The space of the outdoor sub-station shall be spread with stone
metal. Growth of Bushes/Trees in this area shall not be allowed.
13.2.7 IE Rules64, if transformers are having more than 2000 litres of oil, a buffer
wall with a fire rating of four hours shall be provided between them.

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13.2.8 IE Rule 29 Rubber matting shall be provided in front of switchgears/Panels.

13.2.9 It is crime to employ child labour.
13.3 Unsafe conditions in Civil work.
Sr. No. Unsafe Conditions Prevention
1. Risk of fall of worker

during installation due to
a) Open pit of Civil a) The foundation pit must
foundation be barricaded by the Rope
& danger signs
b) Open Cable Trench b) Put Cable Trench
covers.
c) Unguarded opening c) Put barricade around
from First / Second floor in the opening and place
slabs. danger/warning signs as
necessary
2. Mistake in Civil Layout The Plan of the layout

must be got approved
a) Insufficient clearances from competent authority
and take necessary
b) Insufficient clearances corrective steps during
for Movement construction in
consultation with
competent authority.
3. Uneven foundation The level of the
foundation must be
a) Inclined superstructure maintained & level to be
taken by dumpy level
b) Inclined equipment must be taken before
casting the foundation
4. Accident during Good quality internal Road

transportation/material must be ready with
handling adequate width &
curvature before actual
a) Road not Ready transportation of material
is started.
b) Inadequate strength
width /
Curvature
5. Uneven Roof level Arrangement must be
made to drain out the
rainy water so that the
water leakage eliminated.
6. Snakes in the cable trench Use poisonous gas sprays

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at regular interval.
7. Inadequate water Before start of work,

arrangement & its storage. water arrangement must
be made for
a) Drinking
b) Civil work
For the initial stage of civil
work, Temporary water
arrangement must be
done for drinking & other
works.
8. Open water pipe line The pipe line must be laid
under ground
9. Roof leakage During rains Water proofing of Roof-
and water spray through top parapet wall above
window. window should be done.
14. ACCIDENT REPORTING PROCEDURE
{To be guided by Ministry of Power, GOI, New Delhi, the 22nd December, 2004
Notification of the rules Intimation of accidents (Form and Time of service of
Notice) Rules, 2004.}
14.1 INTIMATION OF ACCIDENTS
14.1.1 As per the provisions Ministry of Power, GOI, New Delhi, the 22nd December,
2004 Notification of the Intimation of accidents ( Form and Time of service of Notice )
Rules, 2004, a report is to be sent by the Authorised officer not below the rank of a
Junior Engineer, to the Inspector by telegraph within 24 hrs of knowledge of occurrence
of fatal accident and written report, in the form set out in FORM A, within 48 hrs of the
knowledge of occurrence of the fatal and all other accidents. As presently Telegraph
system have been obsolete, a telephonic intimation should be given to the Inspector
immediately after the accident comes to the knowledge of authorized officer of the
utilities, licensee, supplier or the contractor. Immediately this should also be
telephonically intimated to the respective AGM, GM and Safety Officer of Corporate
office & in ladder to the CGM, Director (Engg), Director (HRD). The detail Format A for
Accident Reporting is available at Chapter-16 FORMAT (Annex-VI).
NOTE: AS PRESENTLY THE TELEGRAPHIC PROCESS HAVE BEEN OBSOLETE, THE
INTIMATIONS SHOULD IMMEDIATELY BE SENT BY PHONE OR MOBILE PHONE AND THE
TIME OF PHONE OR MOBILE PHONE INTIMATION TO DIFFERENT AUTHORITIES MUST BE
RECORDED IN THE ACCIDENT REGISTER FOR REFERENCE & RECORD.
14.2 DEPARTMENTAL INVESTIGATION REPORT.

ACCIDENT INVESTIGATION SHOULD NOT BE AN ATTEMPT TO ASSIGN
BLAME BUT THE GOAL IS FACT FINDING & NOT FAULT FINDING.

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a) The concerned AGM should conduct departmental investigation of all accident

(both FATAL & NON-FATAL). As such they should immediately visit the spot of the
accident and investigate into the case as delayed investigations may lead to
erroneous conclusions and would be of little assistance in the prevention of
accidents.
b) The concerned AGM should submit his detail investigation report with his findings
within 3 days from the date of occurrence of the accident as per the circular letter
no. 2361(31) dated 25-09-1984 of Chairman.
c) The detail investigation report of the AGM should be sent to the following officers
in the Proforma enclosed.
i) Director (Engineering) / Director (HRD)/ CGM (O&M), OPTCL, Bhubaneswar.
ii) Safety Cell, OPTCL, Bhubaneswar.
iii) General Manager of the concerned circle, OPTCL
d) For all FATAL accidents cases, the concerned GM should conduct further personal
enquiries and submit their detail report indicating he causes of the accidents,
factors responsible and suggesting modifications, if any, to the CGM (O&M) within
15 (fifteen) days from the date of occurrence of the accident.
e) The concerned GM should fix up responsibilities on the person/persons concerned
due to whose negligent act, the unfortunate FATAL accident occurred and
recommend the case to the OPTCL for taking disciplinary action.
f) After each investigation the GM / AGM concerned should issue suitable safety
instructions to the field staff befitting to the accident to avoid such type of similar
accidents in future and a copy of such instruction issued may be sent to the CGM
concerned for the information of the Chairman-cum-Managing Director / Director
(Engineering)/ Director (HRD)/Safety cell of OPTCL.
g) Safety Officer, OPTCL with due permission from the CMD, should immediately
proceed to the accident site and conduct personal enquiries and submit the detail
report to the CMD indicating the causes of the accidents, factor(s) and person(s)
responsible, safety causations if any and suggesting safety/remedial measures for
no re-occurrence of such type of accident(s) in future.
14.3 A REGISTER OF ALL ACCIDENTS should be maintained in each Sub-Division/Division/
Circle to watch their disposal. An annual return of the same may be sent by the GM
to the concerned Chief General Manager at the end of the year in the month of
April to consolidate the report at the Head Qrs. Office for submission to the
Government.
15 NEAR MISS INCIDENT& ITS REPORTING

15.1 DEFINATION:
15.1.1 Near Miss Incident may be defined as, where no property was damaged and
no personal injury sustained, but where, given a slight shift in time or

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position, damage and/or injury easily could have occurred. Despite no

physical harm, something undesirable happened. It is related to luck only.
15.1.2 In OPTCL, due to the emergency and risky nature of work, may lead to Near
Miss Incident at any unexpected time.
15.1.3 Sometime Near Miss Incident is not reported. Non-reporting of the near miss
incident happens for a variety of reasons, ranging from lack of motivation to
internal bureaucracy.
15.1.4 Some factors of Near Miss Incident in Transmission sector may be quoted;
(a)To put the earth switch, bay being charged, to good luck of the operating
person without any damage.
(b) To open isolator, breaker not being tripped and to good luck of the
operating person without any damage.
(c) Charge the line, temporary/permanent earth not being removed.
(d) Slips or falls from the tower/structure, to good luck, having no
injury/fracture.
(e) Wrong electrical/mechanical operation, to good luck, causing little /no
equipment damage.
(f) Any abnormal/inadvertent operation by chance causing no damage
to the operating person/equipment.
15.1.5 Non-reporting of the Near Miss Incident is a negative action, and harmful for
the person concerned and the organisation.
15.1.66 It should immediately be reported to the Installation in-charge by the Site
engineer or Supervisor.
15.2 INVESTIGATION AND ANALYSIS:

15.2.1 The Grid/Line/Site in-charge should immediately enquire on the matter with
the following six questions;
i. Who?
ii. What?
iii. When?
iv. Where?
v. Why?
vi. How?
He should also immediately interview all the people involved/present there in
that work to confirm the above six questions. He should thoroughly
review/analyse the matter sequentially at his level involving all the related
persons.
15.3 DOCUMENTATION & REPORTING:

15.3.1 The Near Miss Incident and its investigation/analysis should be recorded in
the Incident register for reference and record and future learning.

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15.3.2 The Grid/Line/Site in-charge, after analysing the matter in his level, should
bring the matter to the knowledge of the concerned Division in-charge.
15.3.3 The Division in-charge, after receiving two three such information, should
analyse the case(s) in presence of the concerned in-charge(s)and issue
necessary guidelines for such future non-occurrence.
15.3.4 Division in-charge should submit a quarterly report of such incidents to higher
office for evaluation at their end. Zonal O&M or Construction head should
submit a half yearly report of such incidents to the Corporate Safety Officer to
put this to the Corporate level safety committee for their periodical analysis.
16 SAFETY AUDIT
INTRODUCTION
16.1 It is essential that the highest Safety Standards are maintained throughout the
Corporation and that the quality of those standards is assured by audit.
16.1.1 IS 18001:2007 Occupational Health and Safety Management System -
Requirements with guidance for use. This recommends for Safety Audit &
prescribes the means for monitoring and documentation process of the Safety
and Occupational Health practices in the Organisation.
16.2 GENERAL STATEMENT
16.2.1 The audit is to be used solely as a means for establishing the quality of safety
standards so that procedure can be reviewed documented and if necessary,
improved to ensure that safety practices are satisfactory throughout the
Corporation.
16.2.2 Safety Audit should not be seen as a means of judging an individual's
performance.
16.2.3 Mainly there should be two types audits: (1) Internal Audit (2) External Audit
16.3 Internal Safety audit

16.3.1 The audit process will be in three stages:
16.3.2 The Substations In-charge and Transmission Line In-charge will personally
audit at random, one working situation per month. The records are to be kept
on site, but a list of audits carried out and their results are to be sent to the
Safety Officer of the Corporation & to the Circle Office for evaluation.
16.3.3 The Safety Officer of the Corporation will personally audit at least twenty four
substations& eight EHT Lines [minimum three S/S and one Line of each (O&M)
Circle]per annum basing upon some safety questioners ( prepared by any
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reputed safety engineer )and the findings are to be reviewed by the corporate
level Safety Committee for rectification of the deficiencies. The copy of
reports is to be sent to the Circle with the instruction of the process for the
remedies of the deficiencies.
16.3.4 Corporate Safety Office will maintain a record of all the audit results and
review them annually.
16.3.5 Corporate Safety Office will propose Safety Rule or Safety Instruction revisions
if required, based on the review of the annual audit. These proposals will have
to be agreed by the Competent Authority before implementation.
16.4 External Safety Audit
16.4.1 External safety audit is a process by which the necessary Safety Audit is to be
done by any reputed and certified external agency having expertise on the
matter.
16.4.2 The Agency may be selected through open tender observing the prevailing
rules and procedures of OPTCL in force at the time of selection of the same.
16.4.3 Periodical External Safety Audit of all 400,220,132 Grids & Lines should be
done and care should be taken for rectification of the deficiencies to ensure
full proof Safety standard.
16.4.4 The final External Safety Audit report should be put to the corporate level
Safety Committee. It should be discussed/ analyzed for the discrepancies;
remedial measures are to be finalized, being perused / approved by the
Competent Authority, immediate instruction should be issued to the
Zonal/Circle/Division of the concern Grid or Line for early compliance.
16.4.5 The compliance to the External Safety Audit report are to be furnished on
regular basis, to the respective C.G.M and Corporate Safety officer for
appraisal/evaluation of the Corporate level Safety Committee.

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17 FORMATS
ANNEXURE-I
FORM-L.C./1
ORIGINAL
ODISHA POWER TRANSMISSION CORPORATION LIMITED.
REQUISITION FOR LINE CLEAR PERMIT TO WORK
Requisition No..
Date..........
1. Name of Division.
2. Name of Sub-Division
3. Name and Designation of Officers requisitioning :
Line Clear.
4. Sub-Station from which Line Clear is required :
5. Name of Feeder/ Equipment (indicate its location)
for which the line clear is required. :
6. Reference of approval of CGM (O&M)/SGM (PS)/DGM/ 1. Sri.
GM (O&M Circle)/AGM (O&M Div.) for shutdown if any. : Designation..
7. Purpose of Line Clear
8. Name of person in whose favor Line Clear permit : 2. Sri..
is to be issued Designation.
Date..
9. Approximate period for which Line Clear is required : From.. hr to.hrs
Signature of Requisitioning Officer

Designation.
(FOR USE IN SUB-STATION FROM WHERE LINE CLEAR PERMIT WILL BE ISSUED)
1. Line Clear permit issued : YES NO
2. Number and Date of issue :
3. Time of issue :
4. Time of Return :
5. Remarks :
Signature of Shift in-charge

Page 123 of 136
IS: 5216(Part-I)-1982, Reaffirmed 2005 ANNEXURE-

IIFORM-L.C./2
Page - 1/2
ORIGINAL
LINE CLEAR PERMITTO WORK (ISSUE)
Name of the Grid issuing the Permit: Name of the Division:
Permit No.............. Time................... Date.....................
1.I , Sri/Ms....................................................(Name & Designation of the Issuing Officer) Certify that
the following apparatus have been made dead, is isolated from all live conductors and have been
connected to earth and the work mentioned in Para(3) below can now be carried out in accordance
with the Safety rules and regulations.
2. For the purpose of making the above apparatus dead, the following
Switches/Breakers/Isolators/Links/Fuses have been opened and the section so isolated has been
earthed at each isolation point and danger notice plates tied there on;
Switches: Breakers: Isolators: Links: Fuses:
3. Work to be carried out (Testing work, if any, to be specifically mentioned):
................................................................................................................................................................
4.I have also recorded the above operations in the Log Sheet/Log Book including the instructions
for the person who will relieve me.
5.This L/C Permit is now being issued to Sri.. Designation
for carrying out the work as mentioned in Para (3) above.
(Signature of the L/C Permit issuing authority)

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
IS: 5216(Part-I)-1982, Reaffirmed 2005
LINE CLEAR PERMITTO WORK(RECEIVE)
Department(Receiving the L/C Permit to work)......................................................................
Permit No.............. Time................... Date.....................
I,Sri/Ms.............................................................. confirm that I have been issued this L/C Permit to
work, by Sri / Ms............................................................................(Name & Designation of the L/C
Permit Issuing Officer)and have been placed in direct and continuous charge of the work mentioned
in Para (3) above and accept the responsibility of carrying out the said work taking all necessary
Safety precautions to avoid danger and no attempt will be made either by me or by men working
under my control to carry out any other work on any apparatus other than that detailed in Para (1)
and (3) above L/C PERMIT TO WORK (ISSUE) Format .
(Signature of the Officer receiving the Permit &

responsibility for carrying out the above work)
Designation..........................................................
Conditions over leaf in Page-2/2........
Page 124 of 136
Page - 2/2
CONDITIONS
1. This permit is valid only for working in the Feeder/ Equipment mentioned herein and not in
any other Feeder/ Equipment.
2. Only authorized persons are allowed to work in the Feeder/ Equipment for which the permit
has been issued.
3. Works as per requisition only should be carried out.
4. Before touching any part of the Feeder/ Equipment the same should be earthed at two
points on either side through standard discharge rods connected with goods earths.
Temporary earths may be removed only after completion of all works and after men comes
down from the Feeder/ Equipment.
5. Works should be so planned to return the line clear at the time indicated. If any
unavoidable delay is anticipated, advance intimation should be given to the Sub-station
from which Line Clear is issued.
6. Before return of the Line Clear, it should be ensured that all men sent on line have returned
and reported and all temporary earths removed. There should also be check on materials &
T&P issued for the work to ensure that nothing is left behind the line and equipment.
7. Name and designation of all workers sent on work must be recorded in the Line Clear Return
Form. Signature of the persons sent on works must be obtained at the time of going for the
work and also at the time of reporting back after the work is completed.
8. Line clear should be returned only in person and NEVER through any messenger.
9. In case Line Clear cannot be returned in person due to extremely exigencies of the situation,
the same may be discussed with the L/C Issuing authority before time & CODE WORD may
be requested. In the Return process, the person received the L/C must return the same
using CODE WORD.
10. The Line Clear issuing Authority should go over the check list of Line Clear Return before
accepting it.
11. When Line Clear is returned over Telephone in the above manner, the Line Clear Return
Form duly filled in, should be sent to the Line Clear issuing Authority by post immediately for
record at the Issuing end.

Page 125 of 136
ORIGINAL ANNEXURE-III
IS: 5216(Part-I)-1982, Reaffirmed 2005 FORM-L.C./3

LINE CLEAR PERMIT TO WORK (RETURN)
Line Clear Permit No....................Dated.............................. Issued from..............................................

Name of Feeder/ Equipment..............................................
Date &Time of return of Line Clear Date..................................... Time...............................Hrs.
I, .......................................................................... (Name & Designation of the Officer received the L/C
Permit to Work) confirm that, the work specified in Para (3) of the L/C Permit to work have been
completed and all workmen withdrawn and warned that it is no longer safe to work on the
apparatus or line mentioned in Para (1) of the L/C Permit to work. I also confirm that all temporary
Earths and other connections made by me and by Men under my control have been removed except
that any precautionary steps taken by the Permit issuing Officer before Issue of this Permit have not
been interfered with by me or by men under my control. I hereby return the Permit for cancellation
leaving the dead apparatus/line ready for putting into service.
CHECK LIST TO BE TICKED OFF
1. Whether all men withdrawn :

2. Whether all temporary earths removed :
3. Whether materials, T&P used in work have been checked :
4. Code (if used when Line Clear is retunred over Telephone) :
5. Nameof the Person returning the Line Clear :
(In BLOCK LETTER)
Signature__________________________
Name_____________________________
Designation________________________
Counter signed by Shift-in-charge

Full Name:
Date & Time:

Page 126 of 136
ORIGINAL ANNEXURE-IV
IS: 5216(Part-I)-1982, Reaffirmed 2005 FORM-L.C./4

LINE CLEAR PERMIT TO WORK (CANCELLATION)
Line Clear Permit No.................... Dated.............................. Issued from..............................................
Name of Feeder/ Equipment..............................................
Date &Time of return of Line Clear Date..................................... Time...............................Hrs.
Cancellation Date..................................... Time...............................Hrs.
The work mentioned in Para (3) of the L/C Permit to work No .. Date ..
as mentioned above has been carried out, all Earths made for the purpose have been removed and
Danger Notice Plates put aside. The following Switches/Breakers/Isolators/ Links/ Fuses have been
closed and the Apparatus/Line put back into service. Entry has been made in the Log Sheet / Log
Book;
Switches
Breakers ..
Isolators
Links
Fuses ..
(Signature of the Shift-in-charge)

Page 127 of 136
ANNEXURE-V
ORIGINAL
CARRIER/PHONE/MESSAGE MESSAGE NO. C/
Book No.
Date:
ODISHA POWER TRANSMISSION CORPORTION LIMITED IN/OUT EMERGENT/ URGENT
Origin____________________________ Repeat to_________________________
Time_____________________________
Date_____________________________
Address___________________________
Message
File this side
Message Received at .Hrs. on all..

Message Transmitted at Hrs. on all ..
Signature of the Officer/Operator

Page 128 of 136
ANNEXURE-VI
FORM A
FORM FOR REPORTING ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS.
{Ministry of Power, GOI, New Delhi, the 22nd December, 2004 Notification Intimation of
accidents (Form and Time of service of Notice) Rules, 2004.}
1. Date and time of accident :

2. Place of accident and district :
(Village/Town, Tehsil/ Thana, District and State)
3. System and voltage of supply [Whether Extra High Voltage (EHV)/ :
High Voltage (HV)/ Low Voltage (LV) Line, Sub-station/Generating station/
Consumers installations/Service Lines/ other installations]
4. Designation of the Officer-in-charge of the Generating Company/ :
Licensee in whose jurisdiction the accident occurred.
5. Name of the owner/user of energy in whose premises the accident occurred :
6. Details of victim(s) :
11.1.1 Human
Sl.No Name Fathers Sex of Full Postal Approximate Fatal/non-
Name victim address age fatal
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
11.1.2 Animal
Sl.No Description of Number(s) Names of Address(es) Fatal/non-
animal(s) owner(s) of owner(s) fatal
1 2 3 4 5 6
7. In case the victim(s) is/are employee(s) of supplier;

11.1.3 Designation of such person(s) :
11.1.4 Brief description of the job undertaken, if any :
11.1.5 Whether such person/persons was/were allowed to work :
on the job
8. In case the victim(s) is/are employee(s) of a licensed contractor;
(a) Did the victim(s) possess any Electric Workmens Permit(s), :
Supervisors Certificate of Competency?
If yes, give Number and Date of issue and the name of
Issuing Authority.
(b) Name and Designation of the person who assigned the duties :
of the victim(s)
9. In case of accident in the system of the Generating Company/Licensee, :
Was the permit to work (PTW) taken?
10. (a) Describe fully the nature and extent of injuries, e.g. , fatal/disablement :
(permanent/temporary) of any portion of the body or burns or other injuries.
(b)In case of fatal accident, was the post mortem performed? :
11. Detailed causes leading to the accident. :
(To be given in a separate sheet annexed to this form).
Page 129 of 136
12. Action taken regarding first aid, medical attendance etc. immediately :
after the occurrence of the accident (give details).
13. Whether the District Magistrate and Police Station concerned have :
been informed of the accident (if so, give details).
14. Steps taken to preserve the evidence in connection with the accident :
to extent possible.
15. Name & Designation(s) of the person(s) assisting, supervising the :
person(s) killed or injured.
16. What safety equipments were given to or used by the person(s) who :
met with this accident (e.g. rubber gloves, rubber mats, safety belts
and ladders etc.)?
17. Whether isolating switches and other sectionalizing devices were :
employed to deaden the sections for working on the same? Whether
working section was earthed at the site of work?
18. Whether the work on the live lines was undertaken by authorized person(s)? :
If so, the name and the designation of such person(s) may be given.
19. Whether artificial resuscitation treatment was given to the person(s) :
who met with the electric accident? If yes, how long was it
continued before its abandonment?
20. Names and Designations of persons present at, and witnessed, the accident :
21. Any other information/remarks. :
Place:
Date: Signature
Time: Name
Designation
Address of the person reporting.

Page 130 of 136
ANNEXURE-VII
PROFORMA FOR CONDUCTING ENEQUIRY ON ELECTRICAL ACCIDENTS.
1. Date and time of accident.
2. Place of accident with Police Station and District.
3. Voltage of supply.
4. Owner of the installation (Division/Sub-division/Section).
5. FATAL or Non-FATAL.
6. Name and address of the person (who died or injured).
7. Date of submission of
i) Telegraphic/Telephonic Information.
ii) Accident report in FORMAT A.
8. Date of conducting the enquiry.
9. Persons present at the time of enquiry.
10. Enquiry report in details (separate sheet to be attached).
11. Observations of the Enquiry Officer and Person responsible for the accident.
12. Recommendations to avoid reoccurrence of such similar type of accidents.
Date:
Place. Signature & Designation of the Enquiring Officer.

Page 131 of 136
ANNEXURE-VIII
SCHEDULE-IV
Forms of Inspection Report
FORM III
(Installations of voltage exceeding 650 V)
Report No. ____________ Date of inspection by Electrical Inspector or self-
certification by owner ___________________
Date of last inspection or self-certification ___________________
Sl. Regulation Requirements Report

No. Nos
1. Regulation-3 I s the register of the designated persons properly made Yes / No
and kept up to date duly attested
2. Regulation- (i) Is/Are there any visible sign(s) of overloading in Yes/No
12 respect of any apparatus?
(ii) Whether any unauthorized temporary Yes/No
installations exist?
(iii) Whether the motors and controlling equipment Yes/No
are being over hauled periodically and record kept of the
same in a register?
(iv) Whether the transformer oil samples are being Yes/No
tested periodically and results recorded in a register?
(v) Whether suitable lightning arrestors have been Yes/No
provided near the transformers for protection against
lightning?
(vi) Whether earth resistance is being measured Yes/No
periodically and results recorded in a register?
(vii) Any other defect or condition which may be a Yes/No
source of danger. If Yes, please explain?
(viii) Whether operation and maintenance data has Yes/No
been clarified, categorized and computerized for prompt
and easy retrieval?
(ix) Whether predictive maintenance is being Yes/No
performed for installation of voltage exceeding 650V?
(x) Whether residual life assessment and life Yes/No
extension programmes are being undertaken for
installations or equipment of voltage exceeding 650V
(applicable for installations or equipment more than 15
years old)?
(xi) Whether all required type and routine tests at Yes/No
factory done for equipments. Deficiencies and
Discrepancies in above test report and results, if any,
shall reported?
(xii) Are there deficiencies in construction with Yes/No
reference to Indian Standard requirements. Please,
specify.
3. Regulation- Give report on condition of service lines, cables, wires, Satisfactory/
13 apparatus and such other fittings placed by the supplier or Not
owner of the premises. If not satisfactory give details. Satisfactory
4. Regulation- Whether suitable cut-outs provided by the supplier at the Yes/No
14 consumers premises are within enclosed fire proof
receptacle?
5. Regulation- (i) Whether switches are provided on line Yes/No
15 conductors?

Page 132 of 136
(ii) Whether indication of a permanent nature is Yes/No

provided as per Regulation so as to distinguish neutral
conductor from the line conductor?
(iii) Whether a direct line is provided on the neutral Yes/No
in the case of single phase double pole iron clad switches
instead of fuse?
6. Regulation- (i) Whether earthed terminal is provided by the Yes/No
16 supplier?
(ii) General visible condition of the earthing Satisfactory/
arrangement. Not
Satisfactory
7. Regulation- (i) Are bare conductors in building inaccessible? Yes/No
17 (ii) Whether readily accessible switches have been Yes/No
provided for rendering them dead?
8. Regulation- Whether Danger Notice in Hindi and the local language Yes/No
18 of the district and of a design as per relevant Indian
Standard is affixed permanently in conspicuous position?
9. Regulation- (i) Whether the practice of working on live lines and Yes/No
19 apparatus is adopted? If so, have the safety measure
been adopted as Schedule-III?
(ii) Whether insulating floor or mats conforming to Yes/No
IS-15652:2006 have been provided?
(iii) Whether identification of panel has been Yes/No
provided on the front and the rear of the panel?
10. Regulation- Whether flexible cables used for portable or transportable Yes/No
21 equipment covered under the Regulation, are heavily
insulated and adequately protected from mechanical
injury?
11. Regulation- State the condition of metallic coverings provided for Satisfactory/
22 various conductors. Not
Satisfactory
12. Regulation- Whether the circuits or apparatus intended for operating Yes/No
24 at different voltage(s) are distinguishable by means of
indication(s) of permanent nature?
13. Regulation- Whether all circuits and apparatus are so arranged that Yes/No
26 there is no danger of any part(s) becoming accidentally
charged to any voltage beyond the limits of voltage for
which it/they is/are intended?
14. Regulation- (i) In the case of generating stations and enclosed Yes/No
27 sub-stations, whether fire-buckets filled with clean dry
sand have been conspicuously marked and kept in
convenient situations in addition to fire extinguishers
suitable for dealing with electric fires?
(ii) Whether First Aid Boxes or cupboards Yes/No
conspicuously marked and properly equipped are
provided and maintained?
(iii) Is adequate staff trained in First Aid Treatment Yes/No
and fire fighting?
15. Regulation- (i) Whether instructions in English or Hindi and the Yes/No
28 local language of the district and where Hindi is the local
language, in English and Hindi, for the resuscitation of
persons suffering from electric shock have been affixed in
a conspicuous place?
(ii) Are the designated persons able to apply Yes/No
instructions for resuscitation of persons suffering from
electric shock?
16. Regulation- Leakage on premises: State insulation resistance between
34 conductors and earth in Mega Ohms. ---M Ohms
Page 133 of 136
17. Regulation- (i) Whether a suitable linked switch, or circuit Yes/No

35 breaker, or emergency tripping device is placed near the
point of commencement of supply so as to be readily
accessible and capable of being easily operated to
completely isolate the supply?
(ii) Whether suitable linked switch or a circuit Yes/No
breaker to carry and break the full load current on the
secondary side of a transformer?
(iii) Whether every distinct circuit is protected Yes/No
against excess electricity by means of a suitable circuit
breaker or cut-out?
(iv) Whether linked switch or circuit breaker or Yes/No
emergency tripping device is provided near the motor or
other apparatus at voltage exceeding 650V but not
exceeding 33KV for controlling supply to the motor or
apparatus?
(v) Whether adequate precautions are taken to Yes/No
ensure that no live parts are so exposed as to cause
danger?
18. Regulation- (i) Whether clear space of 100 cm is provided in Yes/No
37 front of the main switchboard?
(ii) Whether the space behind the switchboard Yes/No
exceeds 75 cm in width or is less than 20 cm?
(iii) In case the clear space behind the switchboard Yes/No
exceeds 75 cm. State whether a passage way from either
end of the switchboard to a height of 1.80 meters is
provided.
19. Regulation- (i) Whether all conductors and apparatus including Yes/No
44 line parts thereof are inaccessible?
(ii) Whether all windings of motors or other Yes/No
apparatus are suitably protected?
(iii) State in case of transformers or reactors or Yes/No
switches or static condensers involving the use of more
than 2,000 liters of oil in one chamber, if suitable oil soak
pits are provided?
(iv) Where 9,000 liters or more of oil is used in any Yes/No
one oil tank, has provision, been made for draining away
or removal of oil which may leak or escape from such
tank(s)?
(v) Whether trenches inside sub-station containing Yes/No
cables are filled with non-inflammable material or
completely covered with non-inflammable slabs?
(vi) Are conductors and apparatus so arranged that Yes/No
they may be made dead in sections for carrying out work
thereon?
20. Regulation- Whether protections and interlocks have been provided? Yes/No
45 If not, give details.
21. Regulation- (i) Have the frames of every generator, stationary Yes/No
48 motor, and so far as practicable portable motor and
metallic parts not intended as conductors of all
transformers and any other apparatus used for regulating
or controlling electricity and all electricity consuming
apparatus at voltage exceeding 650V but not exceeding
33KV been earthed by two separate and distinct
connections with earth?
(ii) Is the earth wire free from any mechanical Yes/No
damage?
(iii) Has the neutral point at the transformer and Yes/No
Page 134 of 136
generator been earthed by two separate and distinct

connections with earth?
(iv) Have the metal casings or metallic coverings Yes/No
containing or protecting any electric supply line or
apparatus been properly earthed and so joined and
connected across all junction boxes as to make good
mechanical and electrical connections throughout their
whole length?
(v) Whether earthing has been properly executed Yes/No
and has been tested. If yes, give value of earth resistance. -----Ohms
22. Regulation- Is the outdoor (except pole type) sub-station efficiently Yes/No
49 protected by fencing not less than 1.8 metres in height?
23. Regulation- (i) Where platform type construction is used for Yes/No
50 pole type sub-station, has sufficient space for a man to
stand on the platform been provided?
(ii) Has hand-rail been provided and connected with Yes/No
earth (if metallic and if sub-station has not been erected
on wooden supports and wooden platform)?
24. Regulation- Has suitable provision been made for immediate and Yes/No
51 automatic or manual discharge of every static condenser
on disconnection of supply?
25. Overhead (i) What is the minimum size of the conductors of Size of
Lines overhead lines used? State the type of conductors. Conductor-
(ii) Whether clearances above ground of the lowest Yes/No
conductor of overhead lines are as per regulation-58?
(iii) On the basis of maximum sag, whether vertical Yes/No
clearances where the line of voltage exceeding 650V
passes above or adjacent to any building or part of a
building are as per regulation-61?
(iv) On the basis of maximum deflection due to wind Yes/No
pressure, whether horizontal clearances between the
nearest conductor and any part of such building are as
per regulation-61?
(v) Where conductors forming parts of system at Yes/No
different voltages are erected on the same supports,
whether adequate provision has been made as per
regulation-62 to guard against danger to linemen and
others from the lower voltage system being charged
above its normal working voltage by leakage from or
contact with the higher voltage system?
(vi) Where overhead lines cross or are in proximity to Yes/No
each other whether they have been suitably protected to
guard against possibility or their coming in contact with
each other as per regulation-69?
(vii) Has every guard wire been properly earthed as Yes/No
per regulation-70 at each point at which its electrical
continuity is broken?
(viii) (a)Whether metal supports of overhead lines and Yes/No
metallic fittings attached thereto are permanently
earthed as per regulation-72?
(b)Has each stay-wire (except in case where Yes/No
an insulator has been placed in it at a height not less than
3 meters from the ground) been earthed as per
regulation-72?
(ix) (a) Whether overhead line is suitably Yes/No
protected with a device for rendering the line electrically
harmless in case it breaks as per regulation-73?
(b)Whether anti-climbing devices have been Yes/No
Page 135 of 136
provided at each support as per regulation-73?

(x) (a) Has the owner of overhead lines adopted Yes/No
efficient means for diverting to earth any electrical surges
due to lightning in every overhead line which is so
exposed as to be liable to injury from lightning as per
regulation-74?
(b) Whether earth lead from the lightning Yes/No
arrestors is connected to a separate earth electrode as
per regulation-74?
(xi) Whether unused overhead lines are Yes/No
maintained in a safe mechanical condition as per
regulation-75?
(xiii) Whether statutory clearances from Authorities Yes/No
i.e. Forest Department/ Railways/PTCC/Defense
(AHQ)/Civil Aviation have been taken as per Indian
standard. If yes, enclose copies of the same
(xiv) Any other remarks.
Date.......................
Signature of the Inspecting Officer/Self-certifying supplier or owner
Name.............................................
Designation....................................
File No...........................................
Copy forwarded to Electrical Inspector/Chief Electrical Inspector for................

Page 136 of 136
BE SAFE ALWAYS
----------------------- THEEND ---------------------

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OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL

ODISHA POWER TRANSMISSION CORPORATION LIMITED

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

DESCRIPTION SHEET OF THE MANUAL

02 Report status: New

03 Report type: Technical

04 Volume No: One

05 Title : OPTCL Safety Manual 2014

06 Collation: 136 Pages, 19 illustrations, 8 Annexures

Sponsor(s) Name: Odisha Power Transmission Corporation Limited

08 Vetted by: Er. S.K.Jena, Independent Director, OPTCL

09 Publication / Issue Year:2015

10 Publisher / Distributor: OPTCL

11 Form of distribution: Hard copy

12 Language of text: English, Odia

13 Language of summary: English

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

14 Abstract: OPTCL deals with the transmission of electricity and have

15 Keywords/Descriptors: ACT, RULES, REGULATIONS, OCCUPATIONAL

16 Approved by: Board of Directors, OPTCL

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

8.7 Restoration process after line clear return 56

10.2.10 Safe Operating Procedure ( SOP )

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

POLICYOPTCL recognizes and accepts its

Our statement of general policy is:to provide control of the safety

to consult with our employees on matters affecting their safety;

1.1 It is our policy to perform work in the safest practicable manner,

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

2.1 It is well understood that electromechanical systems used in EHV & HV

2.2 Safe conditions have to be ensured during work on transmission system

2.3 In conditions where such limiting / isolation is not possible or required

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

Accidents: Investigation and Reporting.

Adherence to Safety Rules

NOTE: THE APPROVED SAFETY POLICY SHOULD BE UPDATED TIME

1. STATUTORY PROVISIONS PERTAINING TO SAFETY

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

The objective of this Chapter is to achieve agreement and consistency on the

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

1.6.2 SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

2.5 CIRCUIT means an arrangement of conductor or conductors for the

2.10 COMPANY means a company formed and registered under the

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

permit/sanction was issued, has been suspended or completed

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

2.24 EMPLOYEE means a person who is in receipt of pay salary, wages

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

2.45 SUPPLY, in relation to electricity, means the sale of electricity to a

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

another generating station or a sub-station, together with any step

3. FUNDAMENTALS OF SAFTY CONCEPT

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015

9. Working without Mobile phone switch being made OFF.

OPTCL SAFETY MANUAL - 2015