Ramadan

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This article is about religious observances during the month of Ramadan. For the actual
calendar month, see Ramadan (calendar month).
Ramadan

A crecent moon can be seen over palm trees at sunset in

Manama, Bahrain, marking the beginning of the Muslim
month of Ramadan
Ramaḍān al-Karīm (Ramadan, the Generous),
Also called 11 Ayın Sultanı (Sultan of The Months), Mah-
ı Mubarak, Şehr-i Ramazan
Observed by Muslims
Type Muslim, cultural
Begins 1 Ramadan
Ends 29, or 30 Ramadan
Date Variable (follows the Islamic lunar calendar)
2010 date 11/12 August – 09/10 September
2011 date 1–29 August
Celebrations Communal Iftars
Sawm (fasting), zakat (almsgiving), Tarawih
Observances
prayer, reading the Qur'an
Related to Eid ul-Fitr, Laylat al-Qadr
Ramadan (Arabic: ‫ ننننن‬Ramaḍān, Arabic
pronunciation: [rɑmɑdˤɑːn]) (also Ramadhan, Ramadaan ,
Ramazan ) is the ninth month of the Islamic calendar. It is
the Islamic month of fasting, in which participating Muslims
refrain from eating, drinking and sexual relations from dawn
until sunset.[1] Fasting is intended to teach Muslims about
patience, humility, and spirituality. It is a time for Muslims to
fast for the sake of God (Arabic: ‫نننن‬, trans: Allah) and to
offer more prayer than usual. During Ramadan, Muslims ask
forgiveness for past sins, pray for guidance and help in
refraining from everyday evils, and try to purify themselves
through self-restraint and good deeds. As compared to the
solar calendar, the dates of Ramadan vary, moving
backwards about eleven days each year depending on the
moon. Muslims believe Ramadan to be an auspicious month
for the revelations of God to humankind, being the month in
which the first verses of the QOrigins of Ramadan

The name "Ramadan" had been the name of the ninth month in Arabian culture long
before the arrival of Islam; the word itself derived from an Arabic root rmḍ, as in words
like "ramiḍa" or "ar-ramaḍ" denoting intense heat,[2] scorched ground and shortness of
rations. In the Qur'an, God proclaims that "fasting has been written down (as obligatory)
upon you, as it was upon those before you". According to the earliest hadith, this refers to
the Jewish practice of fasting on Yom Kippur.[3][4]

[edit] The start of Ramadan

Hilāl (the crescent) is typically a day (or more) after the astronomical new moon. Since
the new moon indicates the beginning of the new month, Muslims can usually safely
estimate the beginning of Ramadan.[5]

There are disagreements each year however on when Ramadan starts. This stems from
the tradition to sight the moon with the naked eye and as such there are differences for
countries on opposite sides of the globe.[6] More recently however, some Muslims are
leaning towards using astronomical calculations to avoid this confusion. For the year of
1431 Hijri, the first day of Ramadan was determined to be August 11th, 2010.

[edit] Practices during Ramadan

Qur'an were revealed to the Prophet Muhammad.