Nov. 3, 1942. J. w. ovERB'EKE ` .

2,300,694
VALVE
Filed Aug. 19, 1941

COMP/P55550
 Patented Nov. 3, 1942

STATES
2,300,694
VALVE
_ John W. verbeke, Anneslie, Md., assigner to The
Gleim L. Martin Company, Baltimore, Md.
Application August 19, 1941, Serial No. 407,450
_ _ zcleims. (Cl. 251-118)
This invention is directed to the construction in a common edge 25. At opposite ends oi- pis
of a piston valve.v More particularly the inven ton 28, piston type valve heads 28 and 30, re
tion is directed to the construction of a piston spectively, are mounted, these valve heads be
valve adapted to be inserted in a hydraulic pres ing adapted to be seated upon the ends of sleeves
sure line. 32. Threaded coupling members 34 joined to the
It is an object of the invention to produce a housing provide means for fastening the con
piston valve which is normally held in operi po duits 8 and I4 to housing I6 so thatl pump 4 and
sition- for operation of a hydraulic pressure line, the compressed air reservoir can communicate
but which can be displaced and positively held in with cylinder I8. A U-shaped bore 36 provides
other positions for emergency operation with the 10 communication between the opposite ends of
normal hydraulic pressure cut oi and emergency cylinder I8 and the outlet port 38. A detent for
pressure used. piston- 20 comprises a ball 4I) urged downwardly
lAnother object_of the invention is to construct by spring 42 held in place by plug 44.
a piston valve having a self-adjusting valve In Fig. 2 piston 20 is in its right hand position
- head to ensure a proper seating of the valve. . 15 thus leaving port 46 uncovered and establishing
Another object of the invention is to produce a communication between the pump 4 _and motor
piston valve which is adapted to be used under 6. The piston is maintained in this position by
pressures ranging from 700 to 2500 pounds per ball detent 40 engaging groove 24. As ball 4I)-
square inch without leakage or distortion. must either seat in groove 24 or groove 26 be
Generally these objects of the invention are 20 cause of the sloping sides of the grooves and the
obtained by providing a cylinder in which a joining line 25, piston 20 can not come to rest in
piston valve is slidably mounted. This piston termediate either of its end positions. Further
valve 'is supplied with self-adjusting valve heads more this ensures the rm seating of the valve
at each end adapted to engage the ports at either heads up on either of the sleeves 32. vShould
end of the cylinder,.and is grooved about its cir 25 pump 4 fail, valve I2 is opened and compressed
cumference so that it can be held in selective air owing through conduit I4 pushes- against
positions by a spring pressed datent. Y 'I'he mean valve head 30, and forces piston 28 _to the left
by which thev objects vof the invention are . until ball detent 4I) engages groove 26 and valve .
achieved are more fully described with reference head 28 seats upon its >sleeve 32.k In thisnposi--l
to the accompanying drawing in which: . 30
tion port 46 is closed on and port 48 opened so
Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view of a pressure that the air from the compresed air reservoir '
system in which the novel valve is used; - will ow into conduit I4, cylindery I8, portv 48, and `
Fig. 2 is a cross-'sectional view through the bore 36 into conduit III to motor 6. .
valve; and ' ` .
>In Fig. 3, a detail of the mountingof one of
Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail of a portion of the
valve. ' piston
the valve
20, heads.
is shown.
for The
example,
valvevalvehead
head 28 consists'
28gin "
In Fig. 1 the valve 2 is shown communicatively _of a cylindrical member 5I) havingia beveled edge
connected in a hydraulic line between a pump 4 52 joined to a body 54 by a neck portion 56, this
and a motor 6 by conduits 8 and I0, respectively. neck portion being of less diameter than the core
Motor 6 may be used to operate doors, brakes or 40
in piston 20 within which the valve head is seated.
any other mechanisms, especially those upon an Body 54 is loosely fitted in the core. >Because
aircraft. An auxiliary source of uidpressure of this reduced neck portion the valve head can, '
is provided-to operate motor 6 should the pump move slightly radially of the piston. annular
4 fail. As illustrated this comprises a com , spring 58 seated in groove> 68 prevents the valve
pressed air reservoir joined through valve I2 in head from sliding out of the piston. As shown, '
conduit I4 to valve 2. Consequently if the pump spring 58 has a greater inner diameterthan the
4 fails, a valve l2 is opened and the emergency ,diameter of neck portion `56 lso that the valve
iiuid pressure is transmitted through valve 2 to ` head is movable. By allowing this relative move
motor 6 for actuating the same. ment between the valve head and the piston, and
Details of valve 2 are more clearly shown in Fig. because of the' beveled edge 52 on the` end of the
2. Housing I6 is cored to form a cylinder I8 in valve head, the valve head is able to engage and .
which a piston valve 28 is mounted. Piston 20 adjust itself to a firm, leakproof seat upon the
is vcircumferentially grooved to provide adjacent sleeve 32. ' .
grooves 24 and 26. Each groove has a V-shaped The invention thus `provides a piston -valve
i'orm> in section, and the adjacent grooves join 55 which is movable to one of two positions and
2 2,800,694
positively held in place by the spring locked ball
detent, while the valve heads mounted on the
piston are movable tobe tightly self-seating upon
the sleeves forming the inlet ports into the cylin
der. A positive acting valve which is leakproof
under high pressures is obtained. It is apparent
that -when the piston valve 2U is moved it must
be moved completely into one or the other of the
end positions and cannot come to rest between
these positions. . ` . 10 piston valve, a self-seating valve on each end of a
Having now described the means by which th
objects of the invention are obtained, I claim:
1. In a piston valve, a body having a cylindrical
bore, coaxial fluid flow ports at each end of said
bore, and an outlet passage, a double-acting pis-v
ton, la self-seating valve>- on each lend of ysaid
piston adapted to align itself and seat on an 4
adjacent port, a pair of contiguous, V-shaped
transverse grooves on the piston so placed that>
a sharp edge is formed between the grooves,
spring biased detent means adapted to be seated
in one groove or the other to cause one ofthe
valves to seat firmly on one or the other of the
adjacent ports.
2. An automatic piston valve for a hydraulic
pressure line, comprising a valve body having a
cylindrical bore, a pair of fluid inlet ports to said
valve body and an outlet passage, a double-acting
said piston adapted to align itself and seat on
an adjacent port, a pair of contiguous transverse
grooves on the piston so placed that the adjacent
sides of the grooves forma sharp edge, spring
biased detent means adapted to be seated in one
groove or the other to cause one of the valves
to seat on one or the other of the adjacent ports.
JOHN W. ovERBEKE.