Health of Young

Australians
Flexible Timeline..
Week 4 - Begin Youth Health - Morbidity and Mortality in Australian Youth

Week 5 - Health Risks and Protective Factors

- Part A of assessment assigned

Week 6 - Health promotion and health intervention

- Part A of assessment due
- Part B of assessment assigned

Week 7 - Assess the health of our local area

- Part B of assessment due

Week 8 - Overflow and follow up

Learning Intentions
To understand the role of health promotion
To analyse data to understand the health status of young
Australians

Success criteria
I can identify the role of health promotion
I can interpret data identify the leading causes of mortality in
young Australians
What is Health
Promotion?
Health promotion is the process of
enabling people to increase control over,
and to improve their health. (World
Health Organisation)
Think..Pair..Share
Identify examples of Health Promotion
in our community
 Why have Health Promotion
in Australia?

? The main reason for health promotion in Australia is

to improve the quality of life for Australians and to
decrease the number of people dying from
lifestyle/preventable diseases.
 Are Young Australians
Healthy?

? We are one of the healthiest countries in the

world based on life expectancy, therefore it is
vital that the health of young Australians
becomes a key focus for awareness and
prevention.
 The good news regarding the health of young Australians
(15-24yrs):
Large declines in death rates (mostly due to declines in injury deaths).
Declinesin asthma hospitalisations, notifications for hepatitis (A, B and
C) improved survival for cancer, with survival for melanoma very high.
Favourable trends in some risk and protective factors, such as declines

in smoking and illicit substance use.

The majority of young people rate their health as good, very good or
excellent.
Most young people are achieving national minimum standards for
reading, writing and numeracy, are fully engaged in study or work, and
have strong support networks.
Most young people are able to get support from outside the household
in times of crisis.
 Key Definitions:

Health Status:
An individuals or populations overall
level of health. It takes into account
factors such as life expectancy,
amount of disability and levels of
disease.
 Key Definitions:
Mortality:
The number of deaths caused by a
particular disease, illness or other
environmental factor.
Morbidity:
Refers to ill-health in an individual
and the levels of ill-health in a
population or group.
 Key Definitions:
Prevalence:
The total number of cases of a particular
disease or condition in a population at a
given time.
Incidence:
The number or rate of new cases of a
particular condition during a specific time
(usually 12 months).
STILE task Lesson 1

Complete the data analysis

questions on Stile relating to
the health of young
Australians.
How do you rate your health? What criteria do
you use?
Land transport accidents were responsible 25% of deaths among persons aged 1524, and
suicide was the underlying cause of 26% of deaths among those aged 1524
In 2007, among 1524 year olds, around one-third of injury deaths were caused by land transport
accidents (35%, 303 deaths) and a further 32% were due to suicide.
HEALTH IN
AUSTRALIA
HEALTH PROMOTION & PREVENTION
OF ILLNESS
 LAST PERSON LEFT STANDING

If a question is answered correctly you get to stay standing

if the question is answered incorrectly you must sit ..
How to improve our own
health
Risk factors for Protective
lifestyle diseases factors
 RISK FACTORS
Factors in someone's life that are associated with ill health,
disability, disease or death are known as risk factors.
Smoking, poor nutrition, lack of exercise etc.


 PROTECTIVE FACTORS

Factors in someones life that are associated with good health and
wellbeing such as

- regular exercise and good nutrition.

 DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
Our health is influenced by a number of risk and protective factors
some of which can be modified and others which are outside of our
control

Sex Male or Female

Education/Economy - Socioeconomic
status
Culture - Indigenous or Non Indigenous
 SEX MALE /FEMALE
Who has a longer life expectancy on average ?
- Males 80 years
- Females 84 years

Why .

Males take more risks than females

Males dont use health services as much as females
 SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS RICH OR POOR
People who have a low socioeconomic status (not much money) tend
to have a higher death and hospitalisation rate.

Why.
Poor educational achievement
High rates of unemployment
Earn less money
Poor access to health services and fresh foods.
Reduced opportunity for physical activity
 INDIGENOUS OR NON INDIGENOUS
Life expectancy for Indigenous Australians :
Males - 59.4
Females - 64.8

Why
Less money than non Indigenous Australians
Poor health services (may live in remote areas)
More likely to take risks
Lack of trained health workers that understand Indigenous Australians.
Less likely to get an education
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AayR_C6_CKM
 WHERE WE LIVE CITY/SUBURBS OR COUNTRY /REMOTE
People who live in the country in rural or remote areas tend to have poorer health
than people living in city areas.

Why

Cost of food and petrol is higher in rural or remote areas

Higher rates of physical inactivity ( less sports to choose from)
Limited access to health services
Higher rates of risky behaviours in these areas.
Less job opportunities
Summary
Mortality rates vary greatly across different population groups,
with the highest rates found among Indigenous young people and
those living in remote or socioeconomically disadvantaged areas.
To a large extent, these groups overlap, with young people living
outside major cities being more likely to experience
socioeconomic disadvantage and those in very remote areas being
more likely to be Indigenous.

Reasons for the higher death rates among these subpopulations

include reduced access to health care services, higher rates of
behavioural risk factors (AIHW 2008d) and hazards associated
with driving on rural or remote roads (AIHW 2003).
STILE
COMPLETE LESSON HEALTH OF
POPULATION GROUPS
Role of
Health
Promotion
Learning intentions
Understand what health promotion is
Understand why health promotion is so
important
Identify examples of health promotion
initiatives and programs within Australia
 STILE
Health status application
Tom is a 16 year old boy who lives in the eastern suburbs of
Melbourne and comes from an English background. His family
is quite wealthy.
Based on Australian statistics what estimates about Toms
health can we make and why.
-Tom is a boy and therefore is more likely
to take risks which may endanger his
health.
-Tom lives in Melbourne so if his health is
endangered it wont take him long to get
to a hospital/doctor which increases the
chances of survival.
-Tom comes from a wealthy family so he is
able to afford medical treatment if he
becomes ill.
-Tom is not an Indigenous Australian so
he can expect to live longer than his
Indigenous Australian friends.
 Charlie
Based on Australian statistics what estimates
about Charlies health can we make and
why.

Charlie is a 60 year old male who lives in the

country he is of European background and
is a wealthy man.
 Kasey
Based on Australian statistics what
estimates about Kaseys health can
we make and why.

Kasey is an 18 year old Indigenous

Australian and comes from a family
with a low socioeconomic
background, she lives in Melbourne.
 Health Promotion
Health promotion aims to encourage prevention and early
intervention

PREVENTION- is to stop something happening before it begins.

INTERVENTION An action taken to improve health

In general, prevention includes a wide range of

programs/campaigns/initiatives known as interventions aimed at
reducing risks or threats to health.
How many Health Promotion
slogans can you think of?
 Health Management in Australia
Going Up Stream: What would you do?
Imagine you're standing beside a river and see someone
drowning as he floats by. You jump in and pull him ashore. A
moment later, another person floats past you going
downstream, and then another and another. Soon you're so
exhausted; you know you won't be able to save even one more
victim. So you decide to travel upstream to see what
the problem is. You find that people are falling into the
river because they are stepping through a hole in a bridge.
Once this is fixed, people stop falling into the water
 Health Prevention in Australia Going
Up Stream: What would you do?
When it comes to health, prevention means going
upstream and fixing a problem at the source
instead of saving victims one by one.
How do we Prevent Morbidity and
Mortality in Australia?
Health Promotion through
Interventions
1. Creating awareness
2. Building knowledge and skills
3. Creating health policies and laws.
4. Create healthy environments
 Creating Awareness
Education about good nutrition
https://youtu.be/Bxqb4dqj4iI
The importance of regular exercise
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQ5KC1s3YZo
https://youtu.be/AFWM97GelPc
Awareness of the dangers of tobacco, alcohol and
other drugs
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XR3LxO_bEH4
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yiXvAo6o0HY
 Building Peoples Knowledge and
Skills
Recommending regular exams and screening tests in people with
known risk factors for illness
Immunization against infectious disease

Including cooking skills in school curriculums to develop healthy

cooking practices.
Creating Health Policies and Laws
Legislation about proper seatbelt and
helmet use
One of the first countries to develop a TAC
like body
Victoria was the first state in the world to
mandate seatbelt usage in 1971.
Road rules and regulations
Dont drive if youre over 0.05BAC
Dont drive if youre too tired
Create healthy environments
Controlling potential hazards at home and
in the workplace
Removing dangerous trees before they fall
Removing asbestoses from houses and
mandating the removal process
Installing activity prompts in the
community e.g playground, walking trail
Providing access for all
Activity - STILE
Create an image collage of as many health
promotion initiatives/programs/campaigns
that you can find for one of the focus areas:
Creating awareness
Building peoples knowledge and skills
Creating health policies and laws.
Create healthy environments
Create awareness
Build peoples knowledge and skills
CREATE HEALTHY POLICIES AND LAWS
CREATE HEALTHY ENVIRONMENTS
You are Prime Minister for the Day
...
In groups, on the white boards write up the
4 health promotion initiatives and try to list
some of your own ideas. E.g. what are some
new initiatives you can think of to raise
awareness? What are some new laws you
can introduce to maximise health?
Extension
Using your headphone watch the clips on
this slide. I want you to develop a chart
which outlines what was good about each
clip and what you would improve. Provide a
concluding paragraph which compare them
all and indicates the best clip and why its
the best.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FG8IAxHqtFo
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQ5KC1s3YZo
Plenary
Name one of the 4 types of health
interventions discussed today
Name 2 Health slogans discussed in class
today and explain what they mean.
Examples Creating Awareness
Breast cancer awareness
Prostate cancer awareness
Life Saving Australia
Play it safe by the water
RUOK?
QUIT smoking
Violence against women
Examples Building Peoples Skills
and Knowledge
Ride to work/school day
Premiers Active April
Jump rope for heart
Breast/prostate/bowel screening
Australian guide to healthy eating
NPAGs (National Physical Activity
Guidelines)
Heart foundation tick of approval
Examples Creating Health
Policies, laws and expectations
Worksafe
40Km speed school zones
Sunsmart schools
Speed kills campaigns
Drink driving
Legal age of drinking/purchasing
Examples Creating Healthy
Environments
Any changes to constructed/natural
environment that encourages or increases
opportunity for physical activity e.g. gym,
parks, ovals, courts, walking/bike tracks,
playgrounds etc.
Rubbish collection