0 EPC Network Fundamental PDF

EPC Network
Fundamental
www.huawei.com
Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

References
3GPP TS23401 R8
Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page1
Objectives
Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:
Describe the EPC network structure
Describe the EPC Network interface and protocol
Describe the EPC Network working procedures
Contents
1. EPC Network Structure
2. EPC Network Working Principle
Contents
Contents
1.1 EPC Network Structure
1.2 EPC Network Interfaces
3GPP System Evolution
UMTS:
GSM/ LTE/EPC:
3GPP R99/R4/R5/R6/R
GPRS R8/R9/R10
7
1.PS core network only support non- 1. The all-IP network contains the
real time services. PS. Voice services are jointly
2. Voice services are carried in the CS provided by the PS and the IP
domain. Multimedia Subsystem (IMS).
3. Low efficiency of routes in 2. Flattened network architecture.
forwarding data due to the over-layered 3. Support of the multiple access
networks. technologies.
4. Incapability of supporting multiple 4. High data transmission rate:
radio access systems downlink 100 Mbit/s and uplink
traffic 50 Mbit/s.
The Evolution of PS Network
EPS Network Structure
HSS PCRF Control plane

eNodeB User plane
MME
S1-MME
S6a
Rx
LTE Gxc
X2 S1-U Gx
-Uu S11
S1-MME S5 SGi Operator's

IP Service
eNodeB S1-U S-GW P-GW
UE LTE SAE
EPS Network Functions
The EPS network perform the following logical functions :
Network Access Control Functions.
Packet Routeing and Transfer Functions.
Mobility Management Functions.
Security Functions.
Radio Resource Management Functions.
Network Management Functions.
GUL Network Structure
Co-Site of the S-GW and P-GW
UTRAN
SGSN
S12
NodeB RNC
GERAN S6a PCRF

S3
HSS
BTS BSC/PCU
S4
MME
Gx Rx
S11
S1-MME
LTE Operator's
IP Services
S1-U SGi
eNodeB
S-GW/P-GW
GUL Network Structure
Separate Installation of the S-GW and P-GW
UTRAN
SGSN
S12
NodeB RNC
GERAN S3 PCRF
S6a
HSS
BTS BSC/PCU S4
MME Gx Rx
S11
S1-MME
LTE Operator's
IP Services
S1-U S5 SGi
eNodeB
S-GW P-GW
Functions of EPC Network Entity
MME: mobility management entity
Non-access stratum (NAS) signaling MME selection for handovers with MME change
NAS signaling security SGSN selection for handovers to 2G/3G access

networks
Signaling interaction between core network (CN) Roaming

nodes during an inter3GPP access network
handover
Reachability of UEs in IDLE mode Authentication
Tracking area (TA) list management Bearer management
Selection of the P-GW and S-GW Lawful interception of signaling traffic
SGW: serving gateway
Functioning as the local mobility anchor point for inter-eNodeB handovers
Assisting the eNodeB reordering function during inter-eNodeB handovers by sending one or more
"end marker" packets to the source eNodeB immediately after switching the path
Supporting inter-operator charging based on subscriber and QoS class identifier (QCI) granularity
Implementing downlink packet buffering and E-UTRAN triggered paging in ECM-IDLE mode
Functioning as the mobility anchor point for Supporting packet routing and transfer
inter-3GPP handovers
Performing lawful interception Supporting transport level packet marking for

uplink and downlink data
P-GW: packet data network gateway
Packet filtering based on single user Uplink and downlink gateway control based on
traffic
Lawful interception Uplink and downlink rate control based on traffic
IP address allocation for UEs Uplink and downlink rate enforcement based on
access point name-aggregate maximum bit rate
(APN-AMBR)
Supporting packet marking for uplink and Downlink rate enforcement based on
downlink data based on transfer priority guaranteed bit rate (GBR)
Uplink and downlink charging based on traffic DHCPv4 (server/client) and DHCPv6 (server)
functions
HSS: home subscriber server

Supporting authentication and registration for subscribers and downloading user
profiles to the MME
Supporting authentication and registration for non-3GPP subscribers and distributing

user profiles to the AAA
Providing roaming restriction
Providing barring services
Providing restrictions over access network types
Implementing IPv4/IPv6 dual protocol stack
Supporting Diameter-based IP networking
PCRF: policy control and charging rule function
The PCRF is mainly used for prescribing rules for policy and
charging control.
The PCRF is responsible for terminating the Rx interface

and the Gx interface.
HUAWEI LTE-EPC Solution
SGSN HSS
GPRS
Control plane
User plane
BTS BSC/PCU
PCRF
UMTS
NodeB RNC MME Operator

Service
Network
LTE
eNodeB S-GW
P-GW Corporate
Services
CDMA
BTS BSC/PCF PDSN/HSGW
Contents
1.1 EPC Network Structure
1.2 EPC Network Interfaces
EPC Network Interfaces
HSS PCRF Control plane

eNodeB User plane
MME
S1-MME
S6a
Rx
LTE Gxc
X2 S1-U Gx
-Uu S11
S1-MME S5 SGi Operator's

IP Service
eNodeB S1-U S-GW P-GW
UE LTE SAE
Control Plane Protocol Stacks
NAS NAS
RRC RRC S1-AP S1-AP
PDCP PDCP SCTP SCTP
RLC RLC IP IP
MAC MAC L2 L2
L1 L1 L1 L1
LTE-Uu S1-MME MME

UE eNodeB
User Plane Protocol Stacks
Application
IP IP
Relay Relay
PDCP GTP-U
PDCP GTP-U GTP-U
GTP-U
RLC RLC UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP
MAC MAC L2 L2 L2 L2
L1 L1 L1 L1 L1 L1
LTE-Uu S1-U S5/S8 SGi

a
UE eNodeB Serving GW PDN GW
S1 Interface
S1-MME MME
S1-U
S-GW
eNodeB
S1-AP S1-AP GTP-U GTP-U
SCTP SCTP
UDP/IP UDP/IP
IP IP
L2 L2 L2 L2
L1 L1 L1 L1
eNodeB S1-MME eNodeB S1-U S-GW

MME
S6a Interface
S1-MME S6a
MME HSS
eNodeB
Diameter Diameter
SCTP SCTP
IP IP
L2 L2
L1 L1
S6a
MME HSS
S10 Interface
S10
MME
S1-MME S6a
MME HSS
eNodeB
GTP-C GTP-C
UDP UDP
IP IP
L2 L2
L1 L1
S10
MME MME
S11 Interface
S10
MME
S1-MME S6a
S11 HSS
eNodeB MME
GTP-C GTP-C
UDP UDP
S-GW
IP IP
L2 L2
L1 L1
S11
MME S-GW
S5/S8 Interface
MME S11
S1-U S5
eNodeB P-GW
S-GW S8
PLMN1
PLMN2
P-GW
S5/S8 Interface: 3gpp 23401
3GPP23.401(3gpp access): An S5/S8 interface based on
GTP. The signaling plane runs the GTPv2 protocol and the
user plane runs the GTPv1 protocol.
GTP-C GTP-C GTP-U GTP-U
UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP
L2 L2 L2 L2
L1 L1 L1 L1
S-GW GTP based P-GW GTP based

S-GW P-GW
S5/S8 S5/S8
Control plane User plane
Gx/Gxc Interface
Diameter Diameter
protocol protocol
application application
Diameter Diameter
PCRF
base protocol base protocol
Gxc TCP TCP

Gx
IP IP
S-GW P-GW
L2/L1 L2/L1
Gx/Gxc PCRF
PGW/SGW
SGi Interface
AAA Server
SGi
Web Server
P-GW
PDN
Contents
Contents
2.1 General Service Process
2.2 Identity of EPC Network
2.3 Mobility Management Procedure
2.4 Session Management Procedure
Typical Packet Service
1 MME
ICP/ISP
internet
2 S-GW P-GW
eNodeB
Signaling
Data
Typical Voice Service
IMS domain
MGCF
EPC Signaling
IMS Signaling 3
SS7 Signaling
CSCF IMS-MGW SS7
Data (VOIP)
MME 4
1
2
MSC
4 PLMN
S-GW P-GW
eNodeB
EPC
Roaming: Home Routed
VPLMN HPLMN
Gb SGSN HSS PCRF
GERAN
Iu
S3 S4
S6a Rx
Gx
S12
UTRAN
S11
S1-C MME S8
SGi Operators
S1-U IP Service
E-UTRUAN S-GW PDN-GW
Roaming: Local Breakout
VPLMN HPLMN
Gb SGSN HSS H-PCRF
Rx
Operators
GERAN
Iu IP Service
S3 S4
S9
S6a
V-PCRF
S12
UTRAN
S11
Gx
S1-C MME S5
SGi Operators
S1-U IP Service
Local Breakout with Home Operator's Application Functions only
Roaming: Local Breakout
VPLMN HPLMN
Gb SGSN HSS H-PCRF
Operators
GERAN
Iu IP Service
S3 S4
S9
S6a
V-PCRF
S12 Rx
UTRAN
S11
Gx
S1-C MME S5
SGi Operators
S1-U IP Service
Local Breakout with Visited Operator's Application Functions only
Contents
Identity of EPC Network
MME MMEI= MME Group ID+MME Code
TAI=MCC+MNC+TAC
TA List TA List
TA 1 TA 2 TA 1 TA 2
CELL1 CELL2 CELL3 CELL4 CELL1 CELL2 CELL3 CELL4
IMSI
MSISDN
GUTI=GUMMEI+M-TMSI
=MCC+MNC+MMEI+M-TMSI
Contents
Subscriber State Management
Subscriber state
EMM: EPS Mobility Management
EMM-DEREGISTERED
EMM-REGISTERED
ECM: EPS Connection Management

ECM-IDLE
ECM-CONNECTED
EMM State
Detach,
Attach Reject,
TAU reject,
E-UTRAN interface switched off due to Non-3GPP handover,
All bearers deactivated
EMM-DEREGISTERED EMM-REGISTERED EMM state in UE

Attach accept
Detach,
Attach Reject,
TAU reject,
All bearers deactivated
EMM-DEREGISTERED EMM-REGISTERED EMM state in MME
Attach accept
TAU accept for a UE selecting
E-UTRAN from GERAN/UTRAN
ECM State
RRC connection
released
ECM-IDLE ECM-CONNECTED ECM state in UE

RRC connection
established
S1 connection
released
ECM-IDLE ECM-CONNECTED ECM state in MME
S1 connection
established
MM and EPS Bearer Context
Subscription
MM context
MME HSS information
EPS bearer EPS bearer
context Subscription
context
ICP/ISP
internet
MM context S-GW P-GW
EPS bearer EPS bearer Signaling

EPS bearer
context context context Data
Mobility Management Procedures
Main mobility management procedures:
Attach procedure
Tracking area update procedure
Detach procedure
Attach Procedure
Function of attach procedure:
The UE register to the EPS network.
The always-on IP connectivity for UE/users of the EPS is

enabled by establishing a default EPS bearer during Network
Attachment.
The MM context and EPS bearer context will be created in the

MME and UE. The EPS bearer context will be created in S-GW
and P-GW.
Attach Procedure
eNodeB New MME Old MME HSS S-GW P-GW

1. Attach request
2. Identification req/rsp
3. Identity req/rsp
4. Security function
5. Update location request
6. Cancel location /Ack
7. Update location Ack
8. Create default bearer req
9. Create default bearer req
10. Create default bearer rsp
Attach Procedure

11. Create default bearer rsp
12. Attach accept
13. Radio bearer establish
14. Attach complete
15. Update bearer request
16. Update bearer response
17. Uplink and downlink data
Location Information Storage
MME IP address
HSS
Tracking Area list

MME1 MME2 Tracking Area ID
E-UTRAN Cell Global Identity
Tracking Area list

Tracking Area ID
TAU Procedure
S-GW2
S-GW1
MME1 MME2 MME3
TA list 1 TA list 2 TA list 3 TA list 4
Periodic TAU Inter MME TAU with

SGW change
Intra MME TAU Inter MME TAU without

SGW change
Inter TAU without SGW change

1. TAU request
2. Context request
3. Context response
5. Context Ack
Inter TAU without SGW change

11. Cancel location
12. Cancel location Ack
14. TAU accept
15. TAU complete
Inter TAU with SGW change
eNodeB New MME Old MME HSS New S-GW

Old S-GW P-GW
1. TAU request
2. Context request
3. Context response
5. Context Ack
6. Create bearer request
9. Create bearer response
Inter TAU with SGW change
eNodeB New MME Old MME HSS New S-GW

Old S-GW P-GW
11. Cancel location
12. Cancel location Ack
16. TAU accept 14. Delete bearer request
17. TAU complete 15. Delete bearer response
Detach Procedure
The detach procedure is used in the following scenarios:
A UE is detached from the EPS service.
A UE is disconnected from the last PDN connection.
The network informs a UE that the UE cannot access to the

EPS.
A UE can be detached explicitly or implicitly.

Explicit detach
Implicit detach
UE Initiated Detach Procedure
eNodeB MME S-GW P-GW
1. Detach request
2. Delete bearer request
4. Delete bearer response
6. Detach accept
7. Signaling connection release
Security Function
2G 3G EPC
Authentication Single-directional bi-directional bi-directional authentication

authentication authentication
Security vectors Triplet (RAND, Quintet New EPS security vectors (RAND,
Sres, and Kc) (RAND, XRES, AUTN, XRES, and KASME). The
CK, IK, and UMTS and EPS authentication vectors
AUTN) are separated.
Integrity No Yes Yes
protection
SIM N/A Yes No
compatibility
Layered No No Provides protection for the NAS layer
security and the AS layer separately. Manages
architecture the keys in the NAS and AS layers
separately. Performs the algorithm
negotiation for the NAS and AS layers
separately.
Authentication Vector
EPS authentication quaternary
RAND: Random Challenge
AUTN: Authentication Token
XRES: Expected Response
Kasme: Ciphering key
Authentication Procedure
MME HSS
1. Authentication data request
2. Authentication data response
3. User authentication request
4. User authentication response
EPS Security Architecture
UE MME
NAS Ciphering/integrity
NAS NAS
eNodeB
RRC Ciphering/integrity
RRC RRC
UP Ciphering
PDCP
PDCP
NAS/AS Security Mode Procedure
eNodeB MME
1. NAS security mode command
2. NAS security mode complete
1. AS security mode command
2. AS security mode complete
Contents
Multiple-PDN connectivity
PDN connection 1: APN1 Server

Intranet
P-GW
S-GW ICP/ISP
PDN connection 2: APN2 internet
P-GW
PDN connection 3: APN3
Server
Intranet
S-GW P-GW
Wap server
PDN connection 4: APN4 Wap network
EPS Bearer
One PDN connection include one default EPS bearer, and
zero or several dedicated EPS bearer.
PDN connection 1
Default EPS bearer
Dedicated EPS bearer 1
Dedicated EPS bearer 2
S-GW P-GW
EPS bearer
eNodeB S-GW S5/S8 bearer P-GW

Radio bearer S1 bearer
Session Management Procedure
EPS bearer management procedure
Bearer activation procedure
Bearer modification procedure
Bearer deactivation procedure
PDN connection management procedure (UE support for

multiple PDN connections):
UE requested PDN connectivity procedure
UE or MME requested PDN disconnection procedure
P-GW Initiated Dedicated Bearer
Activation

1. Create dedicated bearer request
2. Create dedicated bearer request
3. Session management request
4. Creation of bearer of E-UTRAN
5. Session management response
6. Create dedicated bearer response

7. Create dedicated bearer response
P-GW Initiated Bearer Modification
With QoS Update

3. Session management request
4. Update of bearer of E-UTRAN
5. Session management response

PDN GW Initiated Bearer
Deactivation

3. Deactivate EPS bearer context request
4. Release of bearer of E-UTRAN
5. Deactivate EPS bearer context accept

UE Requested Bearer Resource
Modification
1. Request bearer resource modification
4. Dedicated bearer activation, or dedicated bearer

modification, or dedicated bearer deactivation procedure
UE Requested PDN Connectivity
Procedure
1. PDN connectivity request
2. Create default bearer request
4. Create default bearer response
6. PDN connectivity accept
8. PDN connectivity complete
UE Requested PDN Connectivity
Procedure
1. PDN connectivity request
6. PDN connectivity accept
8. PDN connectivity complete
UE Requested PDN Disconnection
Procedure
1. PDN disconnection request

6. Release of bearer of E-UTRAN
Summary
The EPC network is composed of:
MME, S-GW, P-GW
The main working principle of EPC network are:

Mobility management procedure
Session management procedure
Thank you
www.huawei.com

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EPC Network

Copyright 2008 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Describe the EPC Network interface and protocol

Describe the EPC Network working procedures

2. EPC Network Working Principle

2. EPC Network Working Principle

1.2 EPC Network Interfaces

HSS PCRF Control plane

S1-MME S5 SGi Operator's

Packet Routeing and Transfer Functions.

Mobility Management Functions.

Radio Resource Management Functions.

Network Management Functions.

GERAN S6a PCRF

NAS signaling security SGSN selection for handovers to 2G/3G access

Signaling interaction between core network (CN) Roaming

Reachability of UEs in IDLE mode Authentication

Tracking area (TA) list management Bearer management

Selection of the P-GW and S-GW Lawful interception of signaling traffic

Functioning as the local mobility anchor point for inter-eNodeB handovers

Performing lawful interception Supporting transport level packet marking for

P-GW: packet data network gateway

Lawful interception Uplink and downlink rate control based on traffic

HSS: home subscriber server

Supporting authentication and registration for non-3GPP subscribers and distributing

Providing roaming restriction

Providing barring services

Providing restrictions over access network types

Implementing IPv4/IPv6 dual protocol stack

Supporting Diameter-based IP networking

The PCRF is responsible for terminating the Rx interface

NodeB RNC MME Operator

BTS BSC/PCF PDSN/HSGW

1.2 EPC Network Interfaces

HSS PCRF Control plane

S1-MME S5 SGi Operator's

RRC RRC S1-AP S1-AP

PDCP PDCP SCTP SCTP

LTE-Uu S1-MME MME

RLC RLC UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP

LTE-Uu S1-U S5/S8 SGi

S1-AP S1-AP GTP-U GTP-U

eNodeB S1-MME eNodeB S1-U S-GW

GTP-C GTP-C GTP-U GTP-U

UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP UDP/IP

S-GW GTP based P-GW GTP based

Gxc TCP TCP

2. EPC Network Working Principle

2.2 Identity of EPC Network

2.3 Mobility Management Procedure

2.4 Session Management Procedure

Local Breakout with Home Operator's Application Functions only

Local Breakout with Visited Operator's Application Functions only

2.2 Identity of EPC Network

2.3 Mobility Management Procedure

2.4 Session Management Procedure

MME MMEI= MME Group ID+MME Code

2.2 Identity of EPC Network

2.3 Mobility Management Procedure

2.4 Session Management Procedure

ECM: EPS Connection Management

EMM-DEREGISTERED EMM-REGISTERED EMM state in UE

EMM-DEREGISTERED EMM-REGISTERED EMM state in MME