Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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CONTENT
1 GENERAL ................................................................................................................4
1.1 Scope.................................................................................................................... 4
2 DESIGN ................................................................................................................... 8
4 FABRICATION....................................................................................................... 23
5 MISCELLANEOUS REQUIREMENTS................................................................... 25
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6.1 Efficiency............................................................................................................. 25
6.2 Construction........................................................................................................ 25
11 SHIPMENT .......................................................................................................... 29
ATTACHMENT1 ....................................................................................................... 31
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1. GENERAL
1.1. Scope
This Specification together with referenced codes and standards, Vessel Data
Sheets, standard drawings and requisition defines technical requirements for
the design, material, fabrication, testing and inspection of pressure vessels for
Expansion of the Area of Morichal and Jose Blending Plant from 105 MBD to
160MBD.
Any deviations from these specifications are not acceptable, unless prior
notification of such has been submitted, received and approved by the
CLINENT or its representative only, in writing. Therefore the VENDOR shall be
held responsible for the required engineering design, material procurement,
fabrication, testing and shipment of all equipment assigned to him by the
CLINENT in accordance with these specifications.
Any special requirements not covered by the scope of these specifications shall
be clearly indicated on Vessel Data Sheets. Where conflict occurs between
special requirements, these specifications, or the requirements of the Code, it
shall be the duty of the VENDOR to call such discrepancies to the attention of
the CLINENT, who shall make final disposition of the problem.
This specification covers the general requirements for unfired pressure vessels
and supplements according to ASME BOILER AND PRESSURE VESSEL
CODE, SECTION VIII, Division 1 or 2, under which the vessels were designed.
All unfired pressure vessels shall be designed, fabricated, tested and inspected
in accordance with the requirements of this specification and the ASME Boiler
and Pressure Vessel Code, Section VIII, Division 1 or 2, the latest edition,
together with the latest subsequent addenda, applicable Case Interpretations of
the Code and amendments or additions included in these specifications.
All vessels in this class shall bear a nameplate properly stamped with the
ASME Code Symbol unless otherwise specified on vessel drawings.
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1.4. Submittals
1.4.1. General
English units of measurement should be used for equipment size and nozzle
size and correlative size.
VENDOR shall not start fabrication before obtaining the approval of CLINENT.
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l Title block (CLINENTs Work No., Item No., and name of the commodity.)
l Corrosion allowance.
l PWHT requirements
l Earth lug.
l Nameplate
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l Seismic data, wind data, shear force and moments at the base (for empty,
operating and hydro test conditions) for towers.
l Venders drawings shall be show the tray supports and nozzles numbered
and lettered identical to the equipment data sheet supplied
l Tray support design is the responsibility of the tray VENDOR. However tray
support details shall be shown on vessel VENDORs drawing
l Opening reinforcements
l Internals
l Supports
2. DESIGN
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Design Temperature for hot and cold services shall be according to the Vessel
Data Sheets.
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Unless otherwise stated on the vessel specification sheet the minimum internal
corrosion allowance for carbon, carbon manganese and low alloy (5 Cr or less)
steel pressure parts shall be 1/16 in. (1.5 mm) except for components in
contact with cooling water where the minimum corrosion allowance shall be 1/8
in. (3.0 mm).
Anchor bolt calculated diameter shall include 1/8 inch (3 mm) corrosion
allowance.
2.4. Materials
2.4.1. Plate
Unless otherwise noted, or specified on the Vessel Data Sheets, plate material
preferred for carbon steel and low alloy vessels shall be fully killed.
Maximum design temperature for materials of construction shall not exceed the
more conservative recommendations given in ASME Code Section II, part D.
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Where possible, specifications for carbon steel plate, forging, and castings for
pressure retaining components shall be modified to limit the carbon content to
0.25 percent. All Certified Material Test Reports Chemical Analysis Results
shall include the unspecified Elements: Chromium, Copper, Molybdenum,
Nickel, and Vanadium.
Quenched and tempered plate shall not be used for any pressure containing
part without prior approval by the CLINENT in writing.
Materials for vessel parts in sour gas service must be in accordance with
Section II of the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, with Addenda and
the following special requirement:
l For vessels 24" OD and smaller, ASME-SA-106, Grade B pipe may be used.
l Hardness of the base metal, weld metal and the heat affected zone (HAZ) of
all welds shall not exceed the following limits:
Material P. Number Brinell Hardness
P1,P3,P4,P9 225 (except 200 for hydrogen and sour water service).
P5,P6,P7 235.
All carbon steel connections shall conform to the Project Piping Specification
(to be determined later).
Steel plates exceeding 1 inch thickness which are used for vessel pressure
parts shall be ultrasonically inspected per ASME SA-435, latest edition. The
ultrasonic inspection shall certify that the plate is sound and that no defects
such as pipes, ruptures, or lamination exist along edges to be welded or in
areas which will be cut out for installation of nozzles and other connections.
This is to be documented and certified and made a part of the Manufacture
Data Report.
Plate materials that lie within the scope of above paragraph shall require the
following additional inspection: Edges to be welded shall be beveled to the final
welding geometry (in the flat plate condition) and 100 percent magnetic particle
inspected for defects that might result in unsatisfactory welds or doubtful
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The allowable stress values for all stainless steel materials shall be based on
the lower value given in UHA-23 of the ASME Code. The higher allowable
stress values that are denoted by footnote of Table from Section II, part D shall
not be used without prior written approval from the CLINENT.
2.4.2. Pipe
Pipe for vessel shells and necks for buildup nozzles shall be seamless. It will
be permissible to use double butt welded pipe for 20 inches NPS and over as
long as ASME, Section VIII, Division 1 Code requirements for butt welded pipe
are maintained. For carbon steel sections, use SA-106 Grade A or B for shells
and for nozzles.
2.4.3. Flange
Carbon steel forging material shall be SA-105, SA-266 Class 2, SA-181 Grade
II or SA-350 Grade LF2. The use of SA-181 Grade I and SA-350 Grade LF1
materials shall require written approval by the CLINENT.
Bolting for connecting alloy parts shall be of alloy equivalent or superior to the
connecting parts.
External bolting for man-ways, vessel flanges, and pipe connections shall be
stud bolts and hex nuts. When design temperatures do not exceed 454C
(850F) and connecting parts material are carbon steel, bolts shall equal ASME
SA-193, Grade B-7 and nuts shall equal ASME SA-194, Grade 2H.
Internal bolting material for connecting parts in areas of corrosion and internal
supports shall be 18-8 stainless steel, except for H2S services, where bolts
shall be SA-193 B7M, B8, B8M or B8MA and nuts shall be SA-194 2HM, 8A or
8MA.
When studded connections are used, bolt holes shall have full threads to the
bottom of the holes cut with bottoming taps. The end of the stud fitting into the
tapped hole shall have the end relieved to include the first full thread.
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Stud bolts shall have full continuous threads and be long enough to extend
in beyond each nut.
2.5. Loads
All pressure vessels shall be designed for earthquake. Earthquake code, loads
and factors shall be according to Mechanical Equipment design Criteria N:
FF-178-12-2211-S001.
l Dead load plus operating load plus the greater of wind or seismic load.
l Dead load plus operating load plus the greater of surge or impact load.
(1)The loads combination in tower design shall be taken into account as follow.
l Erected
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l Shut down
(2)The loading plan due to dead, live and external loads (vertical, horizontal
forces and moments) will result from the table given below.
Weight Wind Earthquake Design Local Mech. Thermal
Pressure Temp. Load (4) Expand. (4)
Erected x x x(1) - Amb. - -
Hydr. Test x x(1) - x(4) x - -
Normal Op. x x x(1) x x x(3) x(3)
Shut-down x x x(1) - x x -
Notes:
2.6.1. The minimum required plate thickness, excluding corrosion allowance, for
shells and heads shall be as following:
l C.S. and low-alloy steel: 1/5 in. for ID 4 ft.
1/4 in for 4 ft < ID 7 ft.
1/3 in. for ID >7 ft.
l High-alloy steel: 1/5 in. for ID 7 ft.
1/4 in. for ID > 7 ft.
2.6.2. The thickness indicated on CLINENTs Vessel Data Sheets are those proposed
by CLINENT. VENDOR shall check and confirm under his guarantee that such
thickness provide the proper strength under the specified conditions.
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Deflection due to wind shall be calculated only case of towers whose total
height over 10m and height-diameter ratio exceeds 5. The maximum allowable
deflection shall be H/200m. Where H is the height of tower ( m ).
Nozzles sized 3 in. nominal and larger shall generally be provided with
reinforcement plates.
Each reinforcing pad or segments if more than one piece is used, shall be
provided with two threaded holes 1/4" NPT. Welds in segmented two piece
reinforcing pads on cylinders and cones shall be in the vessel's circumferential
direction.
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In general, nozzles are subject to external loads. VENDOR shall check the
strength of the nozzles and vessels against external loads. Allowed external
loads for nozzles shall be indicated in equipment data sheet or drawings
Local stress analysis for nozzles against external loads shall as per WRC107
or WRC297.
Man-ways shall be provided with davits or hinges. Davit covers are preferred
for side entering man-ways and hinges for top and bottom entering man-ways.
Vessels 3 ft or less in diameter shall have hand holes for inspection purposes
and full opening closures for equipment removal when required.
For horizontal vessels, the preferred man-way location is in the heads. Side
entering man-ways on the horizontal centreline are acceptable. Side entering
man-ways shall be as near as possible to one end. Top and bottom entering
man-ways are not acceptable.
Hand holes shall be a minimum of 8 inch NPS, and shall be provided with a
bolted cover.
2.9. Connections
Flange rating, facing, finishing, material and bolting shall be consistent with the
specification of connecting piping or Vessel Data Sheets.
All connections shall be flanged. These shall have the same P-Number as the
vessel. Corrosion equivalent to the vessel shall be provided.
Flanges which are 24 inches or smaller and rating series of 1500 or less, and
flanges 12 inches or smaller in the rating 2500 series shall be according to
ASME B16.5. Flanges not within the scope listed above shall be designed
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Flanges and facings shall be in accordance with the ASME Standards for the
specified service ratings and shall be adequate for the design temperature and
pressure stamped on the vessel.
Hill side connections shall have the minimum projection measured on the short
side.
VENDOR shall include nozzles for steam out, and vessels shall be designed
for vacuum conditions as indicated in data sheets.
Nozzles with internal piping shall be provided with internal flange connections,
unless otherwise specified. Internal flanges may be ASME-150 slip-on welding
type or be fabricated from plate and machine-faced to in. minimum thickness.
Slip-on flanges are not permitted for ratings class ASME 300# and over.
VENDOR shall submit a design for support of internal pipe when such is
needed.
Lap joints with carbon steel flanges are not acceptable in corrosive service.
Stainless steel bolts and hex nuts shall be used to join stainless steel flanges in
corrosive service.
Studded pad outlets shall penetrate the vessel shell or head and have full
penetration welds.
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All carbon steel nozzle necks must meet ASME Code. Nozzle necks for high
alloy vessels shall be equal to or greater than that required by the ASME Code.
Nozzle necks 20 inches NPS and larger may be of double butt weld rolled plate.
No threaded connections shall be screwed directly into any part of the vessel.
Telltale holes and permissible stud holes in pad attachments and studded
outlets are excepted.
Connections smaller than 3/4 inch NPS shall not be used, unless otherwise
specified on the equipment data sheet.
Shell walls, nozzle walls, and opening reinforcement shall be sized to insure
that primary bending and pressure stresses do not exceed 1.3 times the Code
allowable.
Full service bolting and one set of gaskets shall be furnished by the VENDOR
for man-ways, cover plates and all other permanently bolted parts.
Ten percent spare bolting and two sets spare of gaskets shall be furnished by
the vessel VENDOR for man-ways, cover plates, and all permanently bolted
parts.
2.10. Miscellaneous
2.10.1. Heads :
Conical heads and reducing sections shall have transition knuckles when used
in any one of the following conditions:
l Design temperature greater than 232C (450F) or less than 28,9C (20F)
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The knuckle radius shall not be less than 6% of the outside diameter of head
skirt section nor less than three times the knuckle thickness.
All welds in formed heads shall be 100 percent radiograph. Application of weld
formed head requires approval by the CLINENT.
2.10.2. Skirts:
Except for conical skirts attached to the shell of vertical vessel, all vertical
vessels supported by skirts shall have the skirts attached to the underside of
the bottom head with the outside diameter of the skirt plate and the outside
diameter of the bottom shell ring coincident. Skirt shall be designed for its
connection to the bottom head by continuous welds.
Vertical vessel skirts shall be of the same material as the shell. As an alternate,
a minimum of two feet of the skirt shall be of the same material as the shell.
2.10.3. Horizontal vessels shall be provided with welded steel saddles, one of them
anchored and the other free to move in the axial direction on the foundation.
2.10.4. Horizontal vessels supported on saddles shall have stresses from saddle
reactions checked in accordance with the L.P. Zick method.
2.10.5. Vessel supports shall be designed for all loads expected to be encountered
during all phases of erection rigging.
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2.10.7. Combined pressure and support stresses in lug-supported vessels shall result
in primary stresses that do not exceed 1.3 times the Code allowable design
stresses.
Saddles and supports, insulation rings, ladder clips, and pipe and nozzle
supports welded to vessel pressure containing parts shall be of appropriate
materials compatible with the respective attached material. Material shall be
provided in accordance with drawings and this specification.
2.10.9. Davits :
Access platforms and ladders shall be provided for all man-ways and
equipment mounted on vessels, which are more than 3 m (10 ft) above grade.
Ladders shall be equipped with safety cages and platforms with handrails and
kick-plates, in accordance with Referenced Standard Drawings.
Platforms, ladders and walkways shall be open steel serrated bar grating.
Platforms, ladders, grating, hardware and bolting for steel structure shall be
Hot-Dip Galvanized.
Internal shell attachments such as baffles and tray support rings shall be
welded to the vessel by continuous fillet welds on top side and continuous seal
welds on the bottom side. Material to be same as shell or head. One ladder
rung shall be placed on the inside of the vessel above and below all man-ways
which are 1 m (3 ft) or more above a suitable foot support. The rungs below the
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Internal pressure piping shall conform to the materials called for on the Vessel
Data Sheet. Non-pressure piping and fittings in unlined vessels or sections
shall be in accordance with the following:
l Standard pipe shall be used for sizes not exceeding 12 inches nominal
diameter.
l Pipe shall be 3/8 minimum wall thickness for sizes greater than 12 inches.
l Screwed fittings shall be 6000# forged steel and in no instances shall be less
than 1/2 inches.
l Internal vessel piping shall be made removable through the use of flanges.
2.10.15. Vessels provided with relief valves, man-ways, liquid level controls, gauge
glasses, or other instruments, with height of 6.5 feet or more from base shall be
equipped with safety cage ladders and access platforms.
2.10.16. All vessels shall be provided with lifting lugs for empty weight plus 100%
impact load.
3. WELDING AND RADIOGRAPHY
All welding shall be in accordance with ASME Code Section IX. Welding
procedures shall be submitted to the CLINENT for review.
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Vessel shall be designed on the basis that pressure holding seams shall be full
penetration, double-welded butt joints. Single-welded butt joints with backing
strips are to be avoided and may be used only with written permission from the
CLINENT.
The following requirements apply to vessels with wall thickness 2 inches and
greater:
l In those cases where the design of nozzle connections does not permit
inspection by radiography, the alternate procedure for N.D.E. is to be
submitted to the CLINENT for acceptance.
All welded vessels, regardless of whether or not they are ASME Code stamped,
shall be (as a minimum) spot examined by radiography per Paragraph UW-52
of the ASME Code. Sectioning is not permitted. Spot re-examination per
Paragraph UW-52 of the ASME Code shall be made, when required, at the
VENDORs expense.
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l Vessels with design pressures over 52 Kg/cm2 (740 psig) not specified to be
in vibrating service.
For 100% radio-graphed carbon steel vessels, all welded points between
nozzles and vessel shell, and between nozzles and flanges, shall be examined
by magnetic method, the weld shall be examined at the pass, as well as both
sides of the completed weld.
Welded vessel in sour gas service shall be stress relieved, the PWHT
procedure outlined in the ASME Code Section VIII per UW-40, UW-49, UHA-32
and UCS-56, shall be followed. Welding on vessels is not permitted after the
stress relief treatment.
Head and shell joints shall be per ASME Code Section VIII, Table UW-12 No. 1.
Skirt and other attachment welds shall have complete fusion for the full length
of the weld, and shall be free from undercut, overlap, or abrupt ridges or valleys.
When high deposition welding procedures are used such as electro slag
welding, such procedures shall include required heat treating processes to
ensure acceptable grain and physical properties equivalent to the vessel plate
material.
4. FABRICATION
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All seams connecting vessel heads to shell shall be straight butt welds. The
edge of neither the head nor the shell plate shall be crimped or offset.
Longitudinal shell seams shall also be straight butt welds. No backup rings are
permitted.
In vessels requiring more than one shell ring, it is preferred that longitudinal
joints be staggered to allow for at least 60 degrees between longitudinal joints
in adjacent sections.
Where the orientation of shell connections will not permit this spacing to be
maintained, VENDORs drawings shall show proposed locations of longitudinal
seams for the CLINENT consideration and approval, but in no case shall these
seams be less than Code allowance.
The VENDOR shall locate longitudinal and girth weld seams so they do not
interfere with welding attachments such as nozzles, man-ways, tray supports,
stiffening rings, Insulation supports, etc., when possible. Location of all weld
seams shall be indicated on the VENDORs vessel drawings.
Longitudinal and girth seams in horizontal vessels shall be located so that they
will not be covered by the saddle support assembly.
If base rings are made in segments, the segments shall be joined with full-
penetration butt welds. Such welds shall be ground substantially flush on both
top and bottom sides of the ring and layout for anchor bolts holes shall be such
that holes will not pass through the welds.
The CLINENT requires preheat of shell plate 2 in and thicker for ASTM SA-
515-70 grade plate before rolling into shell sections, unless this requirement is
waived in writing by the CLINENT, due to any specific conditions that might
warrant waiver of the requirement.
A drain shall be provided for each compartment of the vessel. Drains shall be
at least NPS 1 1/2" unless otherwise specified or approved by the CLINENT.
VENDOR shall include clips for platform (unit price) in the proposal.
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Each reinforcing pads, or segment, shall be provided with NPT telltale hole.
The hole shall be placed in the lowest area of the pad, and left unplugged.
Internals, tray supports, clips and brackets made from carbon steel must be
stress relieved after forming. Permanent bolts and nuts shall not be placed
during stress relief.
5. MISCELLANEOUS REQUIREMENTS
6.1. Efficiency
The vane type mist extractors shall remove 99% of liquid particles 10 microns
and larger when operating at 100% of the rated design conditions. VENDOR
shall state and guarantee this efficiency and also provide an efficiency curve
indicating the liquid removal efficiency when operating at conditions different
than design.
6.2. Construction
Unless otherwise noted, wire mesh mist eliminator shall be removable through
the closest man-way and shall be 6" thick mesh of 316 stainless steel and 12
pounds per cubic foot. Mist extractor vanes shall be constructed of ASTM 316
stainless steel. Boxing shall be carbon steel with 1/8" corrosion allowance
applied to one side only.
Vessels shall be designed for post-weld heat treatment in accordance with the
requirements of the ASME Code, Section VIII, Division 1 or 2.
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The Vessel VENDOR shall provide detailed specifications for post-weld heat
treatment for approval. The CLINENT will review the recorded post weld heat
treatment.
8. NAME PLATE
In addition to the above the VENDOR shall stamp the following information on
the nameplate:
Vessel service.
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Diameter.
Testing authority.
VENDOR shall submit detail testing schedule for approval in accordance with
the Request for Quotation (RFQ) / Purchase Order (PO).
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The VENDOR shall prepare detailed specifications and procedures for onsite
inspections and testing of field fabricated vessels.
At least (5) five days notice shall be given to the CLINENT prior to a vessel
being ready for the inspections, as per the approved inspection and test plan.
Closed areas, such as compartments, coils, jacketed areas, etc., shall receive
separate hydrostatic tests prior to the vessels hydrostatic test. Saddles and
reinforcements with vent holes shall have the holes left open during the vessels
hydrostatic test.
Potable water shall be used for all hydro-tests, all hydro-test water is to contain
rust inhibitor. For steels with 2% nickel or more water shall be sulfide free.
Vessels which have been post weld heat treated shall be prominently marked
on two sides of the vessel with white paint in block letters at least 300 mm high
as follows:
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All vessels with Non-Metallic linings shall be prominently marked on two sides
of the vessel with white paint in block letters at least 300 mm high as follows:
External steel surfaces of vessels shall be sandblasted, shop primed and finish
coated in accordance with the data sheet or project specification.
11. SHIPMENT
All vessels shall be dry, thoroughly cleaned inside and outside and free of all
dirt and loose foreign materials.
After the final hydrostatic test, the interior of all vessels shall be dried and
thoroughly cleaned to remove all grease, scale, rust, and debris. Unless
specifically called for on the CLINENT vessel drawings, no paint of any kind
shall be used in the inside of pressure resisting parts of a vessel.
Exterior surfaces, except those that have been machined, shall be thoroughly
cleaned and painted as per the CLINENT specification.
Protect all machined surfaces and threaded connections with rust preventative.
All flange openings are to be protected with neoprene gasket and in. thick
wood or 3/16 in. min. thick metal covers fastened on with not less than four
machine bolts. Threaded connections shall be closed by steel pipe plugs or
standard metal thread protectors. Provide at least one plug or thread protector
with a 1/8 in. diameter breather hole.
All flange faces and other machined surfaces shall be coated with a readily
removable rust preventive coating and properly protected against damage
during shipments.
The vessel internals not installed in the vessel by the VENDOR shall be crated,
boxed and loaded to protect all parts from damage or loss in transit and shall
be shipped so they arrive at the erection site prior to or with vessel. All internals
shall be properly identified in accordance with the packing list.
Suitable temporary supports, marked and tagged for removal after vessel
installation, shall be provided for internal parts separately shipped to prevent
damage during shipment.
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