Unit-8

Limit and Continuity

Important Points

Real Value Function:

If function f : A B (Where A R and B R)
is defined then f is a real function of a real value.
Some useful real functions of real value.
(1) Constant function :
f : A B, f x c, x A (where A R , B R , A , B ) is called a constant
function.
Here c is fixed element of c.
N.B,d R f c
(2) Identity function:
I A : A A, I A x x, x A is called identity function,
N.B. : Indentity function in one-one and onto.
(3) Modulus function:
f : R R U 0

x, x 0
f x | x | is called modulus function.
x, x 0
(4) Integer part function Floor function.
(A) f : R z , f(x) = x the largest integer not exeeding x is called integer part function.
It is denoted by [x] or [x].
f 3.1 3.1 3.1 4, f 7 7 7 2
(B) Celling funtion :
f : R z, f x x the smallest integer not less than x, is called celling funtion and
denoted by [x].

f 3.1 3.1 2, 7 3
(5) Exponential Function
f : R R , f x a x , a R is called exponential function.
N.B. : 1. For a = 1, Rf = {1} i.e, f is constant function.
2. for 0 < a < 1 then this function is decreasing function.

315
 3. For a> 1 then this function is an increasing function.
4. Graph of any exponential function always passes through the point (0, 1)
(6) Logarithmic function :
f : R R , f x log a x , a R 1 ,is logarithmic function.
N.B. :
1. Logarithmic function is an inverse function of an exponential function
Also exponential function (with R+-{1} is an inverse function of logarithmic function.
i.e. Both are the inverse function of each other.
2. Working rules of :
(A) Exponential Function (B) Logarithmic function
For a , b R 1 , x , y R For a , b R 1 , x , y R

i ax , ay ax y i log a xy log a x log y

x
ii ab x a x bx ii log a log a x log a y
y

iii a x y a xy
iii log a x n n log a x , n R
x x log b x
iv a a x iv log a x
log b a
b b

ax
v a xy v log a 1 0
ay
1
vi a x vi log a a 1
ax
vii a log a x a x x R
(7) Polynomial function :
f : A R , f x a n x n a n 1x n 1 a n 2 x n 2 .......... . a 0 ;

a R, i 0, 1, 2, 3,............n , a n 0 is called a Polynomial function

A R , A , n N 0
(8) Rational function :
px
f : A R , f x where p(x) and q(x) are polynomial function over (A on) and
qx

q x 0, x A, is called rational function.

316
 (8) Signum Funtion:
f : R 1, 0, 1

1 , x 0

f x 0 , x 0
is called signum function
1 , x 0

| x |
, x0
N.B. : f x x
0 , x0
(10) Trigonometric functions : Inverese Trigonometric functions :
Function Domian Range Function Domian Range

Sine R [-1, 1] Sin-1 [-1, 1] 2, 2

Cosine R [-1, 1] Cos-1 [-1, 1] 0,

2k 1 2
R
Tangent R tan-1 R ,
k z 2 2

k
Co-tangent R R Cot-1 R 0,
k z

R 2k 1 2 0,
Secant k z R-(-1,1) Sec-1 R-(-1, 1)
2

k
Cosecant R k z R-(-1,1) Cosec-1 R-(-1, 1) , 0
2 2
(11) Even function :
If f : A R , A R , A is a function x A x A yLku
f x f x , x A, then f is called an even function.
(are all even functions define on their respective domain set n z 0 )
(12) Odd function :
and f : R R , A R , A and x A x A yLku f x f x , x A, then f is

317
called an odd function
and odd function define on their respective domain
Limit of a fuction :
Let f(x) be a function define on a domain comtaining some interval but may be in the
domain of f If for every f > 0 there exists some > 0 there exists
a x a , x a, x Df f x whenever x a we say left limit of
lim
f(x) is l or f x .
x a
Right limit of a fuction :
If f(x) is function defined in some interval a h, a , h 0 and for every > 0, there
exists > 0 such that f x , x a , a then we say tight limit of (x) is 1 as

lim
x a+ OR f x
xa
Algebra of Limits :
lim lim
Let f x exist and be equal to g x exixt and be equal to,
x a x a

lim
Then (1) f x g x exist and
x a

lim lim lim

f x gx f x g x m
x a x a x a

lim
(2) f x g x exist and
x a

lim lim lim

f x g x f x

g x m
x a x a x a

lim
f x
lim f x lim f x x a
(3) If m 0 kku exist and
x a g x x a g x lim m
g x
x a

lim lim
If f x c (C = constant) in a constant function then f x c or cc
x a x a

318
 lim
Theorem : 1 xn an , n N
x a

lim
Theorem : 2 If individual 1, 2, 3,................n then f ; x
x a
x a
lim n n lim
f ; x f ; x
x a i 1 x a
i 1

Limt of a polynomial :
If f(x) = cnxn + cn-1xn-1 +......+ c0, x 0, ci r i =0, 1, 2, ........n) g(x) is a polynomial of
degree then

lim
f x
lim f x x a f a
h a
x a g x lim g a
g x
x a

N.B. :
f x
1. In a rational funtion h x , g x 0 f(x) and g(x) have a same factor (s)
g x
x a k k N with same index K then after cancellation of the factor (s) (x-a)k, we have the
limit by substituting x = a in the remaining part of the rational function.

lim lim f x lim x a k p x

h x
x a x a gx x a x a m q x

x a k m p x , k m
lim

x a q x
= 0, If k -m N
pa
if k = m
qa
= Limit does not exist, If k < m
lim x n a n
2. n . a n 1 , n N x a , x a R
x a x a

N.B. : This result is true even for n R, while x R , a R , x a

Rule of substitution (OR) Rule of Limit of a composite Function :

319
 lim lim lim lim
Suppose f x exist and f x b and g y exist and g y
x a x a y b y b
lim
then g f x
x a
Two important rules :
lim lim
1. If f(x) < g(x) in the same domain and both f x and g x exist, then
x a x a
lim lim
f x g x
x a x a

lim lim
2. If f1 x f x f1 x , x D f D f1 D f 2 and if f1 x and f 2 x exist
x a x a
lim lim
and are f1 x f 2 x exists and is equal to l.
x a x a
Some important results of trignometric functions, limits.
sin x
1. cos x 1, x, 0 | x |
x 2
(2) | sin x | | x |, x R

x2
(3) 1 cos x 1, x R
2
Limits:
lim lim lim
(1) | x | 0 then | f x | 0 f x 0
x a x 0 x 0

lim
(2) sin x 0
x a

lim
(3) cos x 1
x a

lim lim
(4) sin x sin a and cos x cos a. a R
x a x a

lim
sin x
(5) 1
x 0 x

320
 lim
tan x
(6) 1
x 0 x
x and x and infinite limit
lim
(1) f x : If for every 0, there exist M R such that
x

x M, x R | f x | we say that f(x) =1

lim
(2) f x : If for every 0, there exist M R x M, x R f x ,
x
lim
we say that f x
x
Infinite limits:
1
(1) If x 0 , a x ; a 1

1
(2) If x 0 , a x 0 ; a 1

1
(3) If x 0 , a x 0 ; 0 a 1

1
(4) If x 0 , a x ; 0 a 1

lim lim
Theorem : f x and only if for every sequence a n , a n d f , an a
x a x
lim
Impliess f a n
n
Important limits :
lim
(1) rn 0 ; |r| 1
x

lim 1
(2) 1 x x e (Where e = is an irrational number and 2 e 3 )
x 0

ah 1
lim
(3) log e a ; a R 1
h 0 h

eh 1
lim
(4) 1
h 0 h

321
 Continuity : Let f be a function defined on an interval (a, b) containing c. c a , b contain-
lim
ing f x exists and is equal to f(c). then we say f(c), then we say f is continous at x = c.
x c
If f is defined at isolated points, we say it is continous at that point consequently a function
defined on a finite set {x1,x2, x3, .......xn} is continous.
Continuity of a function on [a, b]
If f is defined on [a, b] , then f is continous on [a, b] if
(1) f is continous at every point (a, b)
lim
(2) f x f a
x a

lim
(3) f x f b
x b

N.B. : f x x yLku f x x are continous x R z and discontinous for all

n z
Theorem : Let f and g be continous x c, c a, b
(1) f g is continous x = c
(2) kf continous x = c
(3) f - g continous x = c
(4) f x g continous x = c
k
(5) continous for x = c if g c 0 )
g

f
(6) continous for x = c if g c 0 )
g
Some important results of continuity :
1. A rational function is continous on its domain i.e.
lim lim p x
h x h a . q a 0
x a x a q x
2. Sin and Cosine funtions are continous on R

2k 1 2
3. Tageent and Secant and functions are continous R
k z

322
 k
4. Co-tangent and Cosecant functions are continous R
k z
Continuity of Composite functions :
Let f : a, b c, d yLku g : c, d e, f be two functions, so that gof is continous
at x 1 a, b and g is continous at f x1 c, d , then gof is continous at x 1 a, b
By the rule of limit of a composite function

lim lim lim

, g of x g f x1 g f x g x1
xx x x1 x x1

323
 Question Bank
lim 4-8x + 5x 2 - x 3
(1) =?
x 2 2x 3 - 9x 2 + 12 x - 4

1 1
(a) (b) (c) 3 (d) -3
3 3

lim x2 x 3 4 x 3
(2) =?
x3 x 4 81

1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
24 3 72 15 72 3 24 15

lim
1
(3) x cot2x - 4x cot2x = ? ([x] = x)
3

[1.3]
(a) [-1.3] (b) 0.75 (c) [o. 75] (d)
3
lim sin 2 x tan 2 x
(4) =?
x0 x3

(a) 4 (b) -8 (c) -4 (d) 8

lim 5 7
sin x . co s -c o s cos x
4 4 = ?
(5)
x - +4x
4
1 35 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 4 4 35

lim 2x sin x (4k+1 co sec (4 K 1) x sin (4k 1) x
2 2 2
=?
(6) x
2 sec(2k x).cos (4k 1) x
2

324
 2
(a) Sin Cos 2 2 2
(b) tan Sec
2 2 2

1
(c)
2
tan 2 sec 2 (d) Limit does not exist

lim
(7) {10 (1 - x10)-1 - 9 (1 - x9)-1} = ?
x 1
(a) 0.5 (b) 0.05 (c) 45 (d) -45
lim m Sin x - n Cos x
(8) = ? (Where m sin - n cos = 0, m, nN, < <
x x-
3
)
2

1
(a) m n2 2 (b) m n2 2 (c) m n 2 2 (d)
m2 n2

lim x 365 - 365 x + 364

(9) =?
x 1 (x - 1) 2
(a) 66,430 (b) 64,340 (c) 66,630 (d) 64,430
100 99
lim 1 + 99x 1 + 100x
(10) =?
x0 x2
(a) -4950 (b) 4950 (c) 9950 (d) -9900

lim 25 626 Cosx

(11) =?
x ( x)2
(a) 0.1 (b) -0.02 (c) -0.01 (d) -0.1
lim 3 3 1 1
(12)
x 0 x3
sin 2

2 x
x3

sin 2
x
x3
sin 2
3x
x3

sin (1 x) = ?

(a) Cos 2 (b) Cos 2 (c) (d)

x x
lim tan - Sin
(13) 3 3 =?
x0 x 3

325
 1 1 4 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
27 54 27 27

lim tan 2 x -2tan 2 x tan
(14) 3 3 3
=?
x0 x
(a) 4 3 (b) -8 3 (c) -4 3 (d) 8
lim
(15) (x - [x-3] - [3-x] = ?
x
Where x ( -0.1, +0.1) - { }
(a) (b) -( +1) (c) +1 (d) -1

x
lim 1 cos 1 - cos 1-cos 1-cos
(16) 2
x0 =?
x16

1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
216 231 215 232
a b
(17) If and be two distinct real roots of lx 2 mx n 0 then
2 2

lim
a

1 - Cos x 2 + mx + n =?
x ( Where l 0, a, b R)
2 2x - a 2
2 2 2
(a) (b) (a - b2)
8(a b)2 32

2 2 2
(c) (a - b)2 (d) (a - b2)
32 16

k
(18) If kth term tk, of the series is formulated as tk = then
1 + k2 + k4
lim n

n
t k ......... is :
k=1

326
 (a) 0 . 25 (b) 0 . 50
(c) 1 (d) Limit of the series does not exists
7 1

lim
a h6 2
(h a)
=?
2 3

(19) 3
h 0 2 2ah h2 2 2ha

1 1 1 1
(a) 4 (b) 5 (c) 7 (d) 7
128a 3 128 2a 3 128 3 2a 6 1286 2a 6

lim
9
16 2 - Sim x + Cos x
(20) x = ?
4 1 - Sim 2 x

(a) 9 2 (b) 18 2 (c) 36 2 (d) 16 2

1
n
x x
ai
lim i=1
= ?
(21) (Where ai R+-{1} i = 1, 2, 3, ..... n)
x0 n

3
n 1
(a) a (b) a1 , a2 , a3 ,.....an 3
i 1

1
n 3
(c) ai (d) a1 , a2 , a3 ,.....an 3
i 1

7x
lim x 2 + 7x + 2013
(22) 2 = ?
x x
(a) e7 (b) e14 (c) e21 (d) e49

327
 100 n
x i

lim i 1 = ? (n N - {1})
(23) x n 10n
x


(a) n (b) 100 (c) 100n (d) 10n
lim tan x + tan 2 x + tan 3 x + tan 4 x + ........
(24) where o < x < )
x 0 x 4

1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 0
n

lim tan108 (107x)

= ?
(25)
x 0 log 1 + x
108

107 107
(a) (b) (107)108 (c) (107)-108 (d) -
108 108
1 1

(26)
lim 1 x 2 3
1-2 x 4
= ?
x0
x + x2

1 1 1 1
(a) (b) 2 (c) (d)
3 4 12
i
log 1
lim 5 2
(27) i2
n 0.2 .......
(a) 4 (b) (0.2)loge5 (c) -loge (0.5) (d) elog(0.2)5
lim x 2 m 1 m+n x 2013
(28) If = 1
x x+1
then values of constant m ........ and n ........
(a) m = 1, n = o (b) m = 1, n = - 2
(c) m = 1, n = 1 (d) m = 1, n= - 1

328

-m
2 - xm
; x 0 .5
(29) For the function f(x) = x -m - 2m
+ 0 . 0625

If f is continous at x = 0.5 then the value of m = ................. .
(a) 0.5 (b) 2 (c) -2 (d) - 0.5
(30) If 2 - < x < 2 + , xDf 12.99 < f (x) < 13.01 Where f(x) = 5x+3,
limit =l = 13 then what would be the maximum value of ?( >o)
(a) 2 x 10-1 (b) 2 x 10-2 (c) 2 x 10-3 (d) 5 x 10-2
n
lim i4
(31) i=1
= ?
n
n5
(a) 0.5 (b) 0.4 (c) 0.2 (d) 0.1

Sin xo + x Sin xo = ?
lim o
(32) x
x0 tun
2
(a) 2 (b) (3)0 (c) 20 (d) 30

3 y 3 y 2 4 y3
lim
(33) y 0 3
y y 4 y3
(a) -1 (b) Limit does not exist
(c) 1 (d) 0

4 i
lim x 30
(34) i 1
x0 = ?
3
x 8

5 8 49 43
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 12 12

329
 lim 1 Cos 2( x 1)
(35) = ?
x 1 x 1
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c)Limit does not exist (d) - 2
lim Sin 3 [x]
(36) = ? (Where [ ] = greatest integer part x ( -o.01, +0.01)
x [x]

Sin3 Sin9
(a) 3 (b) (c) (d) Sin9
9 3

(37)
lim
tan 7 x3 6 x 2 5 x = ?
x0 x
(a) -7 (b) -6 (c) -5 (d) -8
lim ex x
(38) e = ?
x0
e
(a) (b) (c) 1 (d) Limit does not exist
e

lim
Sin n x 1 ............
(39) (nR+, x > o)
x 1 4 x 1
n n
(a) (b) 2 n (c) n (d)
2 4
lim 5 tan x + 55 Sin x - 555 x
(40) = ?
x 0 5 tan x - 55 Sin x + 555 x
101 99 101 99
(a) (b) (c) (d)
99 101 99 101

lim x 4 1 lim m3 x3
(41) u = kku m = ..........
x 1 x 1 x m x 2 m2

4 8 8 4
(a) - (b) (c) - (d) -
3 3 3 3

330
 n
lim ( xi 1)
(42) i=1 = ?
x 1
x-1

n( n 1) n( n 1) n 1
(a) n (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2

lim
cot x - 3 cot x
(43) x = ?
4 cosec x 2 - 2

1 1 1
(a) - (b) (c) (d) 0
12 4 12

lim
sin (cos x) cos x
(44) x = ?
2 sin x - cosec x

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) Limit does not exist (d) -1

lim
2 + 3x 40 4 + 3x 5
(45) 1 0 = ?
x 2 - 3x 45
40 8
(a) (b) - 35 (c) - 1 (d)
9 9

x
1 - cos
lim 2 = ?
(46) x
x 0 cos 1
3

3 2 9 4
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 3 4 9

lim

(47) 1 0 x. cos sin = ? (x > 0)
12 x 12 x
x

3 12
(a) (b) (c) (d)
12 3

331
 lim x - 13 1 - cos 15 x = ?
(48)
x0 1 - cos 5 x
(a) 3 (b) -9 (c) -3 (d) 9
lim
1 - cot 3 x
(49) x 3
= ?
4 2 - cot x - cot x

(a) 0.25 (b) 0.50 (c) 0.75 (d) 0.66

(50)
lim 2 - 3x -5 -2-5
= ?
x0 x

3 10 15 32
(a) (b) (c) (d)
32 64 64 3

lim 5 + x5 - 5 - x5
(51) = ?
x0 x5
1
(a) 5 (b) 25 (c) 5 (d) 45

lim
Sin x - Sin
(52) x 8 = ?
8 8x -

1 1 1 1
(a)
16

2 2 (b)
16

2 2 (c)
16
2 2 (d)
16
2 2
3
lim 2x + a - 3 3x
(53) 3 8a
= ?
xa + x - 3 9x

13 13 13 1
(a) 3 (b) 6 (c) 9 (d) 3
8 8 8 8
lim
(54) x
2
sin 4x tan 4x .........
8
1 1 1
(a) e 4 (b) e 1 2 (c) e 4 (d) e 2

332
 lim 1 1
(55) = ?
3 3
x 0 8h + h 4 2 h

1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 68 12 48

lim 3
x 2
(56) = ?
x 8 1-x 3

1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
8 2 4 8

lim 2 x 23 x 6
(57) = ?
x2 x 1 x
2 2
(a) -12 (b) 8 (c) -8 (d) 6

3 Sin 6 + - Cos 6 +
lim = ?
(58) 2
0 3 3 Cos - Sin

4 3 4 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 4 9 3
3
lim 1 + 5x n -1
(59) = ? nR +
x0 x
5 10 15 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
n n n 5n

lim 1 + Cos 2m + 1 x = ?
(60) 1 + Cos 2n - 1 x
(Where m, nN-{1})
x
4 2 2 4
2m + 1 2m + 1 2n - 1 2n - 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2n - 1 2n - 1 2m + 1 2m + 1

333
 5 5
lim 2h + 5 2 - 15 2
(61) = ?
h 5 h 3 - 125
5
(a) 5 (b) 125 (c) 15 (d) 15 2

lim
Sn3x - Cos3x
(62) x = ?
4 4x +

3 3 3 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2 3 2 3 2 2

lim 17 Cosx - 4
(63) = ?
2
x - x

1 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
8 16 24 64

3
lim x i 2 - 29
(64) i = 1 = ?
x 1
x 1
(a) 9 (b) 12 (c) 18 (d) 30

3
lim x i i - 75
(65) i = 1 = ?
x 1
x 1
(a) 75 (b) 65 (c) 55 (d) 45

x 3 - 3x 2 2 x
(66) If f(x) = then for which of the following set of the
x 3 - 3x 2 + 2x
points a,
lim
f(x) does not exist
xa
(a) {o} (b) {-1, 0, 1} (c) {0, 1, 2} (d) {-2, -1, 0, 1, 2}

334
 2
2
lim x + Sin x + -
(67) 6 6 72
x0 = ?
x

(a)

3 +4 3 (b)

3 -4 3
72 72

(c)

4 3 (d)

4 3
72 24 3

lim Sin n 1 x Sinx 1

(68) If then value of n is :
x0 x 2
(a) -2.5 (b) -0.5 (c) -1.5 (d) -1

1
lim Sin 3h - 3sin 2h 3Sin h
(69) 4 4 4 2 = ?
h0 3
h

3 1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
2 2 2 2 2

lim 1 m 1
(70)
x 1
m.5
m-1 m
5 4 x
m

n.5n 1 5m 4 x = ? (m, nN-{1}

mn nm mn m2 n2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
10 10 10 10

lim x 9 - 3x 8 + x 6 - 9x 4 - 4x 2 - 16x + 84
(71) = ?
x 2 x 5 - 3x 4 - 4x + 12
(a) 11 2 (b) 11 2 (c) 2 11 (d) 11 2 2

x
lim sin
2 6 = ?
(72) x x
3 2 cos 1
2 2

1 1 1
(a) (b) 3 (c) (d)
3 3 2 3
335
(73)
lim
5 - 2 - 7 - 2h
= ?
h 10 h 2 - 10

(a)
5 2 (b)
5 2 (c)
2 5 (d)
5 2
10 6 10 6 10 10

lim
1 3 cot x
(74) x = ?
3 2 cos x - 1

4 4 2 2
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 3 3
1 1

(75)
lim x 2n
1 x 1
2n n n
= ?
x0
xn
(a) n-1 (b) n(0.5) (c) n(-0.5) (d) n1

m cos x
cos x - - 2x , x 2

(76) If f (x) = is continuous at x = then value of m is
-3 , x= 2
2
:
(a) K = 3 (b) K = 6 (c) -3 (d) 6

(77) If f (x) =

n 1 - x 2 , x >3

is continuous at x = 3 then value of n is :
3 x + 1 , x 3
(a) 2.25 (b) 1.25 (c) -2.25 (d) -1.25

sin x
kx ,x<0

k ,x=0
(78) If f (x) = is continuous at x = 0 then value of k is :
tan k x
,x>0
k 2 x

(a) K = 1 (b) K = 0 (c) K = + 1 (d) K = + 2

336
 m + 3nx , x > 1

(79) If f (x) = 11 , x = 1 is continuous at x = 1then m = ..... and n = .....?
5nx - 2m , x < 1

(a) m = 2, n = -3 (b) m = -2, n = 3
(c) m = 2, n = 3 (d) m = 3, n = 3
1
8
2 256 + 5x
(80) If f (x) = f ( x) 1 (x 0), then for f to be continous everywhere
5 x 32 5 2
f(0) is equal to
2 7 7 7
(a) (b) (c) (d)
7 32 64 64

tan - x
(81) If f (x) = 4 x The value of f so that f is continuous at x =
4 4 4
Cot 2 x
is :
(a) 0.50 (b) 0.25 (c) 0.75 (d) 1.25

3 2
x 2 sin 2x , x 0

x 2 2x c 1
2
, x 0,
(82) f(x) = 1 3x 3 then in order that f to be continuous at
1
0 ,x
3

x 0 , value of c is :
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 6 (d) 8
x- x
(83) Let a function f be defined by f(x) = , x 0 and f(0) = 2, then f is:
x
(a) Continuous no where
(b) Continuous everywhere
(c) Continuous for all x except x = 1
(d)Continuous for all x except x = 0

337
(84) The value of k(k>0) for which the function
4

f (x)

ex - 1
x2 x2 ,
Sin 2 log 1 +
k 2

x o, f(o) = 8 may be continuous at x = o is:
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 3

5
x + a 2 Sin x , x<
4

5 3
2x Cot x + b , x<
(85) If = 4 2
3
a Cos 2x + b Sinx , 3 x 2

is continuous on [ , 2 ], then a = ...... and b = .............

5 5 5 5
(a) a = ,b= (b) a = - ,b=-
2 4 2 4
5 5 5 5
(c) a = - ,b= (d) a = - ,b=
2 4 4 2

1 1

5x 5 x
lim lim
(86) If f(x) = 1 1 , x o and f(x) = a, f(x) = b
x 0 x 0
5x 5 x
then the value of a and b are :
(a) a = 1, b = -1 (b) a = 0, b = 1
(c) a = -1, b = 1 (d) a = 1, b = 0
1 + k x , x 3
(87) If f(x) = 2 is continuus at x=3 then the value of k is :
1 - k x , x > 3
(a) k = o, k = 1 (b) k = o
(c) k = 1, k = -1 (d) k R - {o, + 1}

338
 3

f (x)

4x -1
,x0
x x2
(88) The value p for which the function Son log 1 ,

p 3

f (x) = 12 (log4)3, x = 0 may be continuous at x = 0 is :

(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
(89) The value of m and n for which the function

Sin m + 1 x + Sin x
, x<0
x

f (x) n , x=0
2
x x - x
3
, x>0
x2

is continuous for xR ?
3 1 1 3
(a) m = - , n = (b) m = ,n=
2 2 2 2
1 3 5 1
(c) m = ,n=- (d) m = ,n=
2 2 2 2
1
lim
(90)
n log 2012 n
+ log 2013
n n
= ?

log2012 log2013
(a) (b) log 2012 (c) (d) log 2013
log2013 log2012

a 2 ax x 2 a 2 ax x 2
(91) If f(x) = ;x 0
ax ax

is continuous at x 0 then f(0) = ...........

(a) a a (b) a (c) - a (d) -a a

339
 1 2
x Cos + 9x ; x 0
(92) If f(x) = x is continuous at x 0 then the value of K
K ;x=0

(a) 9 (b) 6 (c) 0 (d) -9

tan - x
(93) If f(x) = 6 ; x , is continuous at x = then f = ..............
Cot 3 x 6 6 6

1 3 2 3 1
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 3 2 9 6 3

1 1
(94) If y = yLku t = then y is discontinuous at x .....
t2 + t - 2 x 1

1 1
(a) {1,2} (b) {1, -2} (c) {1, , 2} (d) Z - {1, , 2}
2 2
(95) Let f be a non zero continuous funotion satistying f(x+y) = f(x)
f(y), x, yR, If f(z) =9 then f(30 = ?
(a) 1 (b) 27 (c) 9 (d) 6

tan 2 2x
Sin 2 x ;x
4
(96) If f(x) = is continuous x 4 then the value of K is :

K ;x=
4

1 1
(a) (b) (c) e 2 (d) e 2
e2 e 2

x
lim x 2 + 5x + 3
(97) 2 = ?
x x + x + 2
(a) e 4 (b) e2 (c) e 4 (d) e 2

340
 eax - e x - x
;x0
x 2

(98) If f(x) = 3 is continuous function then the value of a is :
2 ; x = 0

(a) 1 (b) -1 (c) 4 (d) 2

(99) If f(x) = ; x

log 1 + x + x 2 + log 1 - x + x 2 ; x 0
sec x - cos x
is continuous at x 0 then value of f 0 ......
(a) 2 (b) -3 (c) 1 (d) -2

341
 Hint

1. For the given rational poly f n to find

k
f x x a p x px p a
lim h x lim lim m lim K m
x a g x qx q a
x a x a
x a q x x a

Given form
x 2 x 3 4x 3
2. lim
x 3 x 4 81
1
1 1 1

x 2 x 3 2 15 2
4x 3 2 15 2
lim lim x 4 lim 4


x3

x 3 x 3 15 x 3


x3 4x 3 15
x 4 34
lim
x 3 x 3

1 1
1
12 15
2 3 4 4 15 2
2
3
43
1

72 15

1 1
3. lim = lim
x
cot 2x 4x cot 2x x

2 2 2 cot 2x 2x
2
tan
New use lim 1
0
sin 2x tan 2x
4. lim
x 0 x3
tan 2x cos 2x 1
lim
x 0 x3
2
tan 2x sin x
lim 4
x 0 2x x

342
 5 7
sin x cos cos cos x
5. lim 4 4
x 4x
4

1 1
sin x cos x
lim 2 2
x


4 4 x
4

sin x
lim 4

x 0
4 4 x
4
Ans. (c)

2x sin 4k 1 x) cosec 4K 1 x sin 4k 1 x
lim 2 2 2
6. x
2
sec 2k x cos 4k 1 x
2

lim 2x cos sec x sin x

= x
2 sec x sin x
2
lim 2 cos x secx sin x
= x

2 sin x sex sin x
= Ans (B) why ?

7.
lim 10 1 x10
x 1

1

9 1 x9
1

10 9 m m n mn
= lim 10
lim , m, n N
x 1 1 x
1 x9 x 1 1 x m
1 x m
1 x n
2
= Ans (A)

8. lim m sin x n cos x

x
x
m sin x tan x.cos x n
= m lim , tan =
x x m

m2 n 2 ?
Ans (C)
x 369 365x 364
9. lim 2
x 1
x 1
343
 x 365 1 365x 365
lim 2
x 1
x 1
x 1 x 364 x 363 .... 1 365 x 1
lim 2
x 1
x 1

lim
x 364

x 363 .... 1 1 1 1 ...365 times
x 1 x 1
= 66,463
= Ans (A)
100 99

10. lim
1 99x 1 100x
x0 x2
= 4950
= Ans (B) (use of Binomial Thereom)
( )
25 626 cos x
11. lim
x
x 2

25 625 626 cos x

lim
x
x 25
2
626
= Ans . (C) (why?)
3 3 1 1
12. lim
x 0 x 3 x
x
x

Sin 2 2x 3 Sin 2 x 3 Sin 2 3x 3 Sin 1
1
lim
x 0 x 3
3 Sin 2 2x Sin 2 x Sin 2 3x Sin 2

1
lim 3 2 Cos...Sin .... 2 Cos...Sin ...
x 0 x3
1
lim Cos... 3Sin ... Sin ...
x 0 x3
1
lim 2Cos... 3Sin ... use sin 30 form
x 0 x3
= Ans (A)
x x
tan Sin
13. lim 3 3
3
x 0 x

344
 x x
tan 1 cos
3 3
lim 3
x0 x
= Ans (B)

tan 2x 2 tan x tan
14. lim 3 3 3
x 0 x

3 tan 2x 3 tan 2x
2 3
1 3 tan 2x 1 3 tan 2x
lim
x 0 x

8 tan 2x 1 3 tan 2x
lim
x 0 2x 1 3 tan 2x
= - 8 (Ans D)
15. lim x [x 3] [3 x] ?
x

x x , x
x 3,3 x x ?
1 x 3 0, x x 3 1
1 3 x 0 1 3 x 0
x 3 0and 3 x 1

lim 0 1
x

1 Ans (C)

x
1 cos 1 cos 1 cos 1 cos
16. 2
lim 16
x 0 x

1 C os 2 2Sin 2

x x
1 Cos 2Sin
2 4
x x
1 Cos 2Sin
4 8
x x
1 Cos 2Sin
8 16
= Ans (B) (?)
345
 1 cos lx mx
17. lim
x
a (2x a) 2
2

x 2 mx n
2 Sin2
2
lima 2
x a (why?)
2 4 x
2

2
a b

x x
Sin 2 2

2
2 1 b
2

lim lim
a 2 2 x
x 4 a x
a
2
2 4 x 2
2

2 2 1 2
1 a b
8 4
2 2
a b
32
= Ans (C)
k k 1 1 1
tk
18. k k 1 k 2 1 2 k 2 2 k 2 k 1 k 2 k 1
4 2

n

Now lim
n
tk k 1

1 n 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
lim tk 1 .... 2 2
2 n k 1 3 3 7 7 13 n n 1 n n

1 1
lim 1 2
2 n n n 1
= Ans (B) (why?)
7
h 6 2ah h 2
lim 3
19. h 3
8.h 2
2a h 2a
346
 3
1 h
lim 3
2 3 2a h
3
8 h
h2 2a h 2a
1
1 2a 3
3
8 2 2a


3
2. a
3 = Ans . (D) (why ?)
2
64.2 2 a
9
16 2 Sinx Cosx
20. lim
x 1 Sin 2 x
4

9 9

lim

2 8mx Cosx
2 2 2

x
2 1 Sin2 x
4

9 9

lim
1 Sin 2 x 2 2 2
x 1 Sin 2 x 2
4

= Ans (C) (why ?)

n x
ai 1
i 1
lim x
21. x 0 n


1
a x a2x ... anx x
lim 1
x0
n
1
1 a1x 1 a2x 1 ... anx 1 x
lim
x0 n

n 1 a1x 1 a1x 1 tan x 11

1 a1x 1 a2x 1 ... anx 1 n x x x

347
 1
1
n
e {log a1 log a2 ... log an } lim
0
1 e

1
lo g a1 a 2 a 3 .... a n n
e e

= Ans (B)
7x

22. lim
x 2
7 x 2013
x x2
2013
7
x x 7
2013 1
7
x
2013
1 7 x
x
lim
x x
70
7
= e 1 (why ?)
= e49
= Ans D

100 n
x i
23. lim n
i 1
n
x x 10

lim
( x 1) n
( x 2) n ... ( x 100) n
x x n 10n

1 n 2 n n
100
1 1 ... 1
x x x
lim n
x
n1
1 10
x

1 0 1 0 ... 1 0
n n

(why ?)
n

1 0
= 100 = Ans (B)

tan tan 2 x ... aC1 r n

24. lim 5n , r 1
x x 1 r

tan x a
lim lim Sn
x
1 tan x n 1 r

348
 1
= Ans (A)

tan108 107 x
25. lim
x 0 log 1 x108

108 108
tan 107 x 107 x
lim
x 0
107 x log 1 x108

108 1
107
loge e

(107)108
= Ans (B)
1 1

26. lim
1 x 1 2 x
2 3
4

n 1 x2

1 1
x 2 1 x 2 3 1 1 2 x 4 1 2 x

x2 2 x
lim
x x x2

1
Ans =
2

1 i
27. lim (0.2) log
5
i2 2
x

1 1 2 1 3
lim log 5

...
n
5 2 2
(For infineste G.S.)
a
lim Sn 1r1 1
n 1 r
Ans . (A)
x 2 m 1 m n x 2013
28. lim
x x 1 x 1 x 1

x m 1 m n x 2013
lim
x
1
1
1
1 x 1
x x
349
 Here limit exists and it is equal to 1
m 1 0 m 1
m n 1
1lim 0
1 o x x
m 1, n 2 n 2
29. Here f is continuous
1
at x = 0.5 =
2
1
lim1 f ( x) f 0.0625
x
2
2

2 m x m
lim 0.0625
x 0.5 x m 2m
m
1m
x
lim 2 0.0625
1 m
x
2 x m
1

2

2m 54
0.5 (0.5) 4
104
m 2 Ans (B)
30. f (x) = 5x + 3 and 2 x 2 , x f 12.99 f ( x) 13.& l 13
12.99 < f (x) < 13.01
13 0.01 5 x 3 13 0.01
10 0.01 5 x 10 0.01
2 0.02 x 2 0.002
Comparing with C
2 x 2
0.002 2 103
Ans (C)

n
4
i
31. lim
i 1
n n5

n (n 1) (6n3 9n2 n 1) 1
lim 0.2 = Ans (C)
n 30 n5 5

350
 lim
Sinx
xSinx
x 0
32. x
tan
2

x x
Sin xSin
lim 180 180
x0
x
tan
360
= Ans (A)
3 y 3 y2 4 y3
33. lim 3
y 0 3 y y4 y
= 1 = Ans (C)

lim
x x
1 2
x 3 x 4 21 22 23 24
34. x2 ( x 2) x 2 2 x 4

1 Cos ( x 1)
35. lim
x 1 x 1

Sin [ x ]
36. lim
x [ x]
x
x 3.14 x
x 3 3 x
[ x] 3

37. lim

tan 7 x3 6 x 5 lim (7 x 2
6 x 5)
2
x 0 x (7 x 6 x 5) x 0

5
Ans . (C)
ex
38. lim ( e) x
x 0

lim e x
x0

lim(e) x
x0

Ans (B)

351
 lim

Sin n x 1 lim
4

x 1 n
39. x I
n x 1 x 1

= 2n = Ans (B)
5 tan x 55 Sinx 555 x
40. lim
x 0 5 Sinx 55 tan x 555 x

= Ans (B)
x 4 14 x 3 m3
41. lim lim 2
x 1 x 1 xm x m 2

m = Ans (C)
n
i
(x
i 1
1)
42. lim
x 1 x 1

x1 11 x 2 12 x n 1n

lim
x 1
lim
x 1 x 1 x 1
... lim
x 1 x 1


n
n 1 = Ans (c)
2

cot x 3 cot x 1
43. lim
x
Co sec2 x 2 12 = Ans (C)
4

Taking cot x = t6

x t 1
4
Sin (Cosx). Cosx
44. lim
x
Sinx Co sec x
2

Sin (Cosx). Cosx. Sinx

lim
x
Co s 2 x
2

= Ans (D)
(2 3 x)40 .(4 3 x)5
45. lim
1
0 (2 3x )45
x

1
As x > 0 and 0
x
x
345
1 , Ans (C)
345 352
 x
1 Cos
lim 2
46. x0 x
Cos 1
3

x
2 Sin 2
lim 4
x 0 x
2Sin 2
6
= Ans (C)

47. lim xCos Sin
1
x
0 12 x 12 x

1
As 0
x

1
Sin

1 12 x
lim Cos lim
x
12 x x 1 12
12 x

Ans . (A)
12
x
48. 1 Co s x 2Sin 2 use formula
2
Ans (B)
49. Factrorise
Ans (C)
2 3x 5 25
50. lim (3)
2 3 x 2
x0

Ans (C)
51. Conjugate Surd
Ans (C)

Sinx Sin
52. lim 8
x 8x
8

353
 x x
2Cos .Sin
lim 2 8 2 18
x

x
8 16
2 16

1
Cos
8 8
= Ans (D)
3 2 x a 3 3x
53. lim
x a 3 8a x 3 9 x

4 2
1 33 . a 3
2 2
8 3 3
3 .a
= Ans (C)
2
lim Sin 4 x tan 4x
54. x
8

Sec 2 4 x 1
lim 1 Cos 4 x 2
2
x
8

1 1

2

1 2

lim 1 Cos 2 4 x cos2 4 x

lim 1 Cos 4 x
2

x 8 x 8
1
= e 2 = Ans (B)

1 1 1
55. lim 1
1
h 0 h
(8 h) 3 (8) 3

1 1

1 (8 h) 3 8 3
lim
h0 h (8 h) 8

1 34
(8)
3
1
Ans (D)
48

354
 3
x 2
56. lim
x 8 1 x 3

1 1

3 3
lim x ( 8)
x8 x (8)
1 1
(1 x ) 9 2
2
lim
(1 x )9 (1 x ) 9

2 3

3 4
1
Ans (B)
2
2 x 23 x 6
lim x
57. x 2
2 2
21 x

(2 x ) 2 6.2 x 8
lim x
x 2
2
2 2

l 2 6l 8
lim (2x = t)
x 2 t 2
= 8 Ans (B)

3 Sin Cos
lim 2 6 6
58. 0 1
3 3Cos Sin
2

4(1)

3 3 0
4
= Ans (A)
3
3

59. lim
1 5 x n 1
x 0 x
3 3

5 lim
1 5 x n 1n
(1 5 x ) 1 1 5 x 1

355
 3
3 n 1
= 5 (1)
n
15
= Ans (C)
n

Sin 2 2m 1 x 1 cos 2n 1 x
60. lim
x Sin 2 2n 1 x 1 cos 2m 1 x
2
2m 1
= Ans (B)
2n 1
5 5

61. lim
2h 5 2 (15) 2
h 5 h 3 53

m n
n m
2 2 m n
.5 mn3n 2
mn 10

5
5

lim
2h 5 (15) 2
2

(2 h 5) 15 (2h 5) 15
2
h3 53
lim
h 5 h 5

3
1
15 2
15
15 Ans (C)
Sin3x Cos 3x
62. lim
x
4x
4

lim
38sin x 4sin x 4C os3 3
x 3Cosx
x


4 4 x
4
Ans . (A)
1 1

lim
17 cos x 16
2 2

63 2
x
x

356
 lim
17 cos x 16 1
2 1 1
x
x 17 cos x 2 16 2
2
sin x 1
lim

x0 x (1 (1)) (17 1) 2 4
1

1
(1)
28
1
= Ans. (B)
16
( x 1)2 22 ( x 2)2 32 ( x 3)2 42
64. lim lim
x 1 ( x 1) 2 x 1 ( x 2) 3 ( x 3) 4
2(2)1 2(3)1 2(4)1
= 18 = Ans. (C)
( x 1)1 21 ( x 2)2 32 ( x 3)3 43
65. lim lim lim
x 1 ( x 1)1 21 x 1 ( x 2) 3 x 1 ( x 3) 4

= 55 = Ans . (C)
x x 1
66. f ( x)
x ( x 1)( x 2)
It is clear that
x
lim does not exist
x 0 x
x 1
lim does not exists.
x 1 ( x 1)

x2
and lim does not exist.
x2( x 2)
Requiud Ans. (C)
2
2
x sin x
67. 6 6 72
lim
x0 x
try your self.
Ans. (A)
sin (n 1) x sin x 1
68. xlim (n 1) lim 2
0 (n 1) x

x 0 x

357

(n 1)(1) 1
2
1
( n 2)
2
1
n 2 3 1.5 Ans. (C)
2 2

1
Sin 3h 3Sin 2h 3Sin h
69. lim 4 4 4 2
3
h 0 h
(Solution of this example applying the method of ex. 12)
= Ans (B)
1
70. lim m.5m 1 5m (4 x)m n.5n1 (5n (4 x) n1 )
x 1

Suppose
x=1+h
As x 1 h 0

m.5m 1 n.5n 1
lim m m
n n
h 0
(5 (5 h) ) (5 (5 h)

m.5m1 5n (5 h)n n.5n 1 (5m (5 h)m )

lim
h 0 (5m (5 h)m .(5n (5 h)n )
5n 2
m n
n 5m n 3 m
2 2
n 1 m 1
mn.5 .5

lim & lim it of a polynomial function

h 0

m n
n m

2 2 .5 m n 3 n 2 m n = Ans (C)
mn 10

1 1
2 2 sin x 2 cos x
lim lim (3 4 4sin x cos x)
4 x
4

x
4

x


4

1 1 1
(1) 1 4
2 2 2 2

358
 1
= Ans .(A)
2 2

x 9 3x8 x 6 9 x 4 4 x 2 16 x 84
71. lim
x 2 x5 3 x 4 4 x 12

x 2 is the factor of the numerator and denominator both.

x 2 must be a factor, as the co-efficients are rational.

x 2 x 2 x 2 is also a factor..
2

lim
x 2
2 x 7 3 x 6 2 x5 5 x 4 4 x 3 19 x 2 8 x 42
x 2
x 2
2 x 3 3x 2 2 x 6

32 2 124

4 2 12

77 7 2

7
11 2 = Ans. (A)

lim
sin x
2 6
72. x
3 2 cos x
2

2 1
X 3 x 1

sin cos
lim 2 2 2 2
x
x x
3 2 cos 0 sin 1 1
2 2

1
lim 2
3 sin 2 x cos 2 x
2
3 2
2 x 1 2sin x 3 sin x cos x
2 2
1
lim
1 2sin x 2
2 x
3 3 sin x cos x
2 2

359
 1
1 2
1 2

2 1 3
3
2 2

1
= Ans. (c)
3

73. lim

5- 2 - 7 -2h
2
h 10 h -10
1
1 2

- lim
7-2h 2
- 7-2 10
(-2)(h- 10)



h 10
7-2h - 7-2 10


=
(h- 10)(h+ 10)

1
1 .
2 7 2 10 2

2

10 10

5 2 = Ans. (B)
6 10

1 3 cot x
74. lim
x
2 cos x 1
3

1 3
sinx- cosx
2 2
lim
x
3 cos x-cos sin x
3

x
cos
lim 2 6

x
x
3 sin sin x
6 2

cos 0

sin sin
3 3

360
 4
= Ans . (B)
3
1 1

75. lim
x 2n +1 2n - x n +1 n
x 0 xn
1 1 1 1

x 2n
+1 2n -12n
x n
+1 n -1n


x 0
n
lim x 2lim lim
x 1 1 x +1 1 x 11 x +1 1
n 2n n n

-1
= Ans. (A)
n

76. Since f is continuous at x ,
2

(yku f yu x ykk Mkkk Au )
2

lim f x =f
x
2
2
77. Since f is continuous at x = 3
lim f ( x ) lim f ( x ) f (3).
x 3 x 3

78. Since f is continuous at x = 0

lim f ( x) f (0) lim f ( x )
x 0 x 0

79. Since f is continuous at x = 1

lim f ( x ) f (1) lim f ( x )
x 1 x 1

80. Here f is continuous n R

lim f ( x) f (0) .
x 0

81. f is continuous at x 4 if ,

lim f ( x) f 4 .
x
4

82. Since f is continuous Mkkk at x = 0 .
lim f ( x) f (0) lim f ( x )
x 0 x 0

x x
83. f ( x) n0
x

361
 xx x ( x)
lim f ( x ) 0 & lim 2
x 0 x x 0 x
84. Let f is continuous at x = 0
lim f ( x) f (0)
x 0

5 3 5
85. Since f is continuous on , 2 and . and , 2 , f is also continuous at x
4 2 4
3
and x .
2
1 1
5 x 5 x
86. f ( x)
1 1
, x 0.
5 x 5 x
87. Since is continuous at x = 0
lim f ( x ) f (3) lim f ( x )
x 3 x 3

88. Let f be the continuous at x = 0

lim f ( x ) f (0)
x 0

89. Since f is continuous for every x R ,

so it is continuous at x = 0
lim f ( x ) f (0) lim f ( x )
x 0 x 0

1
90. n
lim log 2012 log 2013
x
n n

1
n
log 2012 n

lim log 2013 1

log 2013
x

91. f is continuous at x = 0
lim f ( x ) f (0)
x 0

93. Since f is continuous at x = 0

lim f ( x ) f (0) lim f ( x )
x 0 x 0

94. here f is continuous at x
6.

lim f ( x) f
x
6
6

1
95. Let t f ( x ) is discontinuous at x = a,
x 1

362
 1 1
y=g(t)= 2
=
t +t-1 (t+2)(t-1)
1 1
Now t = - 2 then 2 x
x2 2
1
If t = 1 then 1 x 2.
x2

Thus composite function is discontinuous at x = 1 , 1 2 , 2

96. Here f ( x y ) f ( x) f ( y ), x, y R
Any non zero continuous function satisfying the given functional equation is of the form ax for
some a R 1 since f(2) = 9, so a2 = 9
a 3. f ( x ) a x 3x
f (3) 33 27 Ans. (B)
97. Since

f(x) is contionuous at x
4

lim f ( x) f
x
4
4

f lim sin 2 x tan 2 2 x
4 x 4
sec 2 2 x 1
lim 1 cos 2 x, 2 2

x
4

1

1 2 1

cos 2 x
2

lim 1 cos 2 x
2
1 cos 2 x 2

2

x 4
98. (P. T. O.)
For Example (98)
99. Here is continuous function at x = 0
lim f ( x ) f (0)
x 0

e ax e x x 3
lim
x0 x2 2

a eax e x 1 3 f ( x) f '( x) 0
lim lim lim . For
x0 2x 2 xa g ( x) x a g '( x) 0

363
 For the existences of the
limit.lim a eax e x 1 0
x 0

100. Since f is continuous at x = 0

lim f ( x ) f (0)
x 0

Answers
1 B 26 B 51 C 76 D
2 B 27 A 52 D 77 D
3 C 28 B 53 C 78 C
4 C 29 B 54 B 79 C
5 C 30 C 55 D 80 C
6 B 31 C 56 B 81 A
7 A 32 A 57 B 82 C
8 C 33 C 58 A 83 D
9 A 34 C 59 C 84 B
10 B 35 C 60 B 85 C
11 C 36 C 61 C 86 A
12 A 37 C 62 A 87 B
13 B 38 B 63 B 88 D
14 D 39 B 64 C 89 A
15 C 40 B 65 C 90 D
16 B 41 C 66 C 91 C
17 C 42 C 67 A 92 C
18 B 43 C 68 C 93 C
19 D 44 D 69 B 94 C
20 C 45 C 70 C 95 B
21 B 46 C 71 A 96 B
22 D 47 A 72 C 97 B
23 B 48 B 73 B 98 C
24 A 49 C 74 B 99 D
25 B 50 C 75 A

364
 Unit-8

Differentiation And Application Of Darivative

Important Point

1. Derivative of a Function
Let y=f(x) be a function defined on the interval[a,b]. For a small increment x in x, let the
corresponding
increment in the value of y be y .Then, y f x and y y f x x
On subtraction, we get
y f ( x x) f ( x ) lim
y f x x f x so,
x x xo
dy f ( x x _ f ( x)
lim
dx x 0 x

The above limit, if it exists, is called the derivative or diffrential coeficient of y with respect to x
and is written
y dy dy f ( x x) f ( x)
as or f '( x) . lim lim
x dx x 0 dx x 0 x

2. Derivative at Point
The value of obtained by putting x=a, is called the derivative of f ( x) at x=a and it is denoted
dy
by or f '(a ) or dx
xa

3. Some Standard Derivatives

d d
1. (sin x) cos x 2. (cos x ) sin x
dx dx
d d
3. (tan x) sec 2 x 4. (cot x) co sec 2 x
dx dx
d d
5. (sec x) sec x tan x 6. (co sec x ) co sec x cot x
dx dx

365
 d x d x
7. (e ) e x 8. ( a ) e x log e a, a 1
dx dx
d 1 d n
9. (log e x) , x 0 10. ( x ) nx n 1
dx x dx
d 1 1 d 1 1
11. dx (sin x ) , 1 x 1 12. dx (cos x) , 1 x 1
1 x2 1 x2

d 1 d 1 1
13. (tan 1 x) 2
, x 14. dx (sec x ) 2 ,| x | 1
dx 1 x 2 2 x 1
d 1 1 d 1
15. dx (co sec x) ,| x | 1 16. (cot 1 x ) , x
| x | x2 1 dx 1 x2
3(A). Some Rules for Diffrentiation
d
1. The derivative of a constant function is zero, i.e. ( c) 0
dx
2. The derivative of constant times a function is constant times the derivative of the function.
d d
i.e. [c. f ( x )] c. [ f ( x)]
dx dx
3. The derivative of the sum or diffrence of two functions is the sum or diffrence of their deriva
tives. i.e.
d d d
[ f ( x) g ( x )] [ f ( x ) [ g ( x)]
dx dx dx
4. Product rule of differentiation:
The derivative of the product of two functions =
(first function)X(derivative of second function) + (second function)X(derivative of first function)
d d d
i.e. [ f ( x).g ( x )] f ( x). [ g ( x )] g ( x ). [ f ( x)]
dx dx dx
5. Quotient rule of diffrentiation :
d d
g ( x). [ f ( x)] f ( x). [ g ( x )]
d f ( x) dx dx
The derivative of the quotient of two functions
dx g ( x) [ g ( x )]2

6. Derivative of a function of a function (Chain rule):

dy dy dt
y=f(t) and t=g(x), then .
dx dt dx
dy dy du dv
if y=f(u), where u=g(y) and y=h(x), then, . .
dx du dv dx

366
7. Derivative of Parametric Functions
dy
dy dt f '(t ) d 2 y d dy d dy dt
x=f(t) and y=g(t) dx dx g '(t ) and,
dx 2 dx dx dt dx dx
dt
8. Logarithmic Diffrentiation :
m
1. log e (mn) log e m log e n 2. log e n log e m log e n

3. log e (m)n n log e m 4. log e e 1
elog m
5. log n m log n 6. log n m.log m n 1
e

9. Another method for finding derivative of a Logarithmic Diffrentiation :

dy
If y [ f ( x)]g ( x ) , then to find
dx
Method 1:
dy
Express y [ f ( x)]g ( x ) e g ( x ) log f ( x ) ][ a x e x log a ] diffrentiate w.r.t. x to obtain
dx
Method 2:
Evaluate A=Diffrential coefficient of y treating f(x) as constant Evaluate B=Diffrential coefficient
dy
of A B
treating g(x) as constant.
dx
10. Diffrentiation of Inverse Trigonometric Function
Note: Some important substitutions to reduce the function to a simpler form :
Expression Substitition
a2 x2 Put x a sin or x a cos

x2 a 2 Put x a sec or x a cos ec

a 2 x2 Put x a tan or x a cot

ax ax
or Put x a tan
ax ax
ax ax
or Put x a cos
ax ax

11. Some useful Trigonometric and inverse Trigomentric Transformations

mx mx
1. 1 cos mx 2 cos 2 2. 1 cos mx 2 sin 2
2 2

367
 mx mx mx
2 tan 1 tan 2 cot 2 1
mx 2 cos mx 2 2
3. sin mx 4. 2 mx mx
1 tan 2 1 tan cot 2 1
2 2 2

1 tan x 1 tan x
5. tan 4 x 1 tan x 6. tan 4 x 1 tan x

1 1 1 x y 1 1 1 x y
7. tan x tan y tan 1 xy , 8. tan x tan y tan 1 xy

if x,y>0 and xy<1 if x,y>0 and xy>1

1 1 1 x y
9. tan x tan y tan 1 xy , ifx, y 0

1 1
10. sin cos x tan 1 x cot 1 x sec 1 x cos ec 1 x
2
11. sin 1 x sin 1 y sin 1 ( x 1 y 2 y 1 x 2 , ifx, y 0 and x 2 y 2 1
12. sin 1 x sin 1 y sin 1 ( x 1 y 2 y 1 x 2 ), ifx, y 0 and x 2 y 2 1
13. cos 1 x cos 1 y cos 1 ( xy 1 x 2 1 y 2 ), if x, y 0 and x 2 y 2 1
14. cos 1 x cos 1 y cos 1 ( xy 1 x 2 1 y 2 ), if x, y 0 and x 2 y 2 1
2
1 2 x 1 1 1 x 1
15. sin 1 x 2 2 tan x 16. cos 2 2 tan x
1 x

1 x 1
17. tan 1 cos1 x
1 x 2

12. (I) Tangents and Normals

Geomatrical Meaning of Derivative at a point
- The derivative of a function f(x) at a point x = a is the slope of the tangent to the curve
y = f(x) at the point [a,f(a)].
- Consider a curve y = f(x) and a point P(x,y) on this curve . If tangent to the curve at P(x,y)
makes an angle with the positive direction of X-axis , then at the point
dy
P x, y : tan m gradient or slope of tangent to the curve at p x, y .
dx

368
 Equation of tangent Equation of Normal
1
dy y y1 x x1
y y1 x x1 dy
dx x1 , y1
dx x1 , y1
13. Angle of Intersection of two curves
Let y = f(x) and y = g(x) be two curves intersecting at a point P x1 , y1 . Then , the angle of
intersection of these two curves is defined as the angle between the tangents to the two curves at their
point of intersection .
- If is the required angle of information of intersection , then 1 2 ,

where 1 and 2 are the inclinations of tangents to the curves y f x and y g x

respectively at the point P .
14. Length of tangent , Length of Normal ,Subtangent and Subnormal

2
dy
y 1
dx
(i) Length of the tangent PT y cos ec y 1 cot 2
dy
dx

2
(ii) Length of the Normal PN y sec 2 dy
y 1 tan y 1
dx

y dy
(iii) Subtangent TM | y cot | (iv) Subnormal MN | y tan | y
dy dx

dx

15. (II) Increasing and Decreasing Functions ( Monotonicity )

Increasing Function
- A function f x is said to be an increasing function on an interval I ,if

x1 x2 f x1 f x2 , x1 , x2 I
Strictly Increasing Function
- A function f x is said to be a strictly increasing function on an interval I ,if

x1 x2 f x1 f x2 , x1 , x2 I

369
 Decreasing Function
- A function f x is said to be a decreasing function on an interval I ,if

x1 x2 f x1 f x2 , x1 , x2 I
Strictly Decreasing Function
- A function f x is said to be a stictly decreasing function on an interval I ,if

x1 x2 f x1 f x2 , x1 , x2 I

16. (III) Maxima and Minima of Functions

Rolles Theorem
- If a function f defined on a, b , is

(i) continuous on a, b ,

(ii) derivable on a, b and

(iii) f a f b ,

then there exists atleast one real number c between a and b a c b such that f ' c 0

Lagranges Mean Value Theorem

- If a function f defind on a, b , is (i ) continuos on a, b and ii derivable on a, b ,then

there exists atleast one real number c between a and b a c b such that

f b f a
f 'c
ba

370
 QUESTION BANK

3
F dy I
(1) If y 3x 2 ( x 1) then
H dx K( x 1)
=

(a) 6 (b) 3 (c) 1 (d) 0

1 cos ax F dy I
(2) If y log
1 cos ax
then
H dx K( x 1)
=

(a) a coseca (b) a coseca (c) coseca (d) coseca

dy
n 1
(3) If y = cosn x sin nx and n cos x cosB then B =
dx

(a) (n 1)x (b) (n + 1)x (c) nx (d) (1 n)x

sin 2 x cos2 x F dy I
(4) If y
1 cot x 1 tan x
and H dx K x =
4

1 F 1I
(a) 0 (b) + 1 (c)
2
(d) H 2K
(5) I f f (x) = xn then =
f ' (1) f' ( ) f ' (n)
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
n n n
(6) If f (x) = Ax + B and f (0) = f '(x) = 2 then f (1) =

(a) 4 (b) 2 (c) 1 (d) 4

F 3I
F x 4 IJ 4 J at x = 5 then dy
logG e x G
d
(7) For
GG H x 4 K JJ =
dx
H K dx

5 3 3 5
(a) (b) (c) (d)
3 5 2 3

371
 x
LM 1 1 1
OP
dy
(8) If y sin
2 MM cos x cos x 3x 3x PP
then dx x =
N 2 cos x cos
2
cos
2
cos 2 x
Q 2

3 1
(a) (b) (c) -1 (d) 1
2 2
dy
(9) If x2ey + 2xyex + 23 = 0 then =
dx
(a) 2xey x + 2y(x + 1) (b) 2xex y - 3y(x + 1)

2 xe y x 2 y( x 1)
(c) (d) 2 xe y x y ( x 1)
x ( xe y x 2 )
(10) f (x) = | [x]x |, 1 x 2 then
(a) continuous at x = 0 (b) discontinuous at x = 0
(c) differntiable at x = 0 (d) continuous at x = 2
(11) If f (x) = x cot 1 x then f '(1) =
1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) (d) 1
4 2 4 2 4 3 4
(12) f (x) = | x 2 | and g(x) = f ( f (x)), x > 20 then g'(x) =
(a) 1 (b) 0 (c) 9 (d) 18
(13) If f is an even function and f '(x) is define than f '( ) + f '( ) =
(a) 0 (b) 0 (c) 0 (d) > 0

F x2 x2 I
(14) If y tan 1 GH 1
1 x2
1
1
J
x2 K
and z = cos1x2 then
dy
dx
=

1 x 1
(a) (b) 1 x 4 (c) (d)
2 4 4 2

3x 2 x 1 F dy I
(15) If y
x
then
H dx K ( x 1)
=

1 1
(a) (b) 5 (c) 5 (d)
5 5

372
 1 dy
(16) If y 3 x
log 5 x 8 then =
dx

1 32 1 1 32 1
(a) x log 5 e (b) x log 5 x
3 x 3 x
4
1 32 1 1 3
(c) x log x 5 (d) x log e 5
3 x 3
(17) I f y = (x2 + 7x + 2) (ex logx) and
dy F 1 I
dx
(x2 Ax B) e x
H x K (e x log x ) (C x D) then A + B C D =

(a) 0 (b) 7 (c) 2 (d) 9

dy A y e y 2 x
(18) If xy + x ey + y ex = x2 and
dx B ex x
then A + B =

(a) yex + xey (b) yex xey (c) yex + xey (d)
y
ye x xe
(19) If f (x) = xn then the value of f (x) is
f ' (1) f "(1) f "' (1) ( 1)n f n (1)
f (1) ... =
1! 2! 3! n!
(a) 2n (b) 2n 1 (c) 0 (d) 1

(x) = n! f n(1) = n!

FG f F x I IJ 2 FG y F x I IJ 2 then F(10) =
(20) If f "(x) = f (x) and g(x) = f '(x) and F( x )
H H 2 KK H H 2 KK
(a) 5 (b) 10 (c) 0 (d) 15

F 1 log tI and A d t (B a) y 0 then A + B =

2
(21) If x tan
Hb K dx 2 1

(a) (1 x)2 (b) (1 + x)2 (c) (x 1)3 (d) 1 x

373
 xx F x x I then f '(1) =
(22) If f ( x ) cot 1
GH 2 JK
(a) 1 (b) 1 (c) l oge2 (d) loge2
1 y
Fx y I and dy a A
(23) If y b tan 1
Ha tan 1
x K dx 1 sec2 y x
then A =

b b A
(a) x2 + a2 (b) x2 a2 (c) y2 x2 (d) y
dy
(24) If x = tan + cot , y = 2log(cot ) then =
dx
(a) tan2 (b) tan2 (c) sin2 (d) cos2
2
d x
(25) log(1 sin x ) log sec =
dx 4 2

FG cos x tan x IJ
(a) 0 (b) 4
H sin x cos x K
(c) loge2 (d) log e 2

F dy I
(26) If y = f(f(f(x))) and f (0) = 0, f '(0) = 1 then
H dx K x 0
=

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 1 (d) 2

x dy B
(27) If y = x tan and A B = x then =
2 dx A
x x
(a) cot (b) tan (c) tanx (d) cotx
2 2
(28) If f ( , 1] [1, ) (0, ) and f (x) = sec1x then f '(x) =
1 1
(a) (b)
x x2 1 x x2 1

1 1
(c) (d)
| x | x2 1 | x | x2 1

374
 F x2 I dy
(29) If y cos 1
3x
GH 4 1
5
JK then dx =

1 2 5 3
(a) (b) (c) (d)
1 x2 1 x2 3 1 x2 5 1 x2
(30) Derivative of sin1(3x 4x3) with respect to sin1x is
1 1
(a) 3, | x | < 1 (b) 3, | x | and 3, < |x| < 1
2 2
1 1
(c) 3, | x | < 1 (d) 3, | x | and 3, < |x| < 1
2 2

x2
(31) Derivative of function f ( x ) is
1 sin 2 x
(a) Even function (b) Odd function (c) Not define (d) Incresing
Function
(32) Approximate value of (1.0002)3000 is
(a) 1.2 (b) 1.4 (c) 1.6 (d) 1.8
(33) If f '(x) > 0 and g'(x) < 0 x R then
(a) f (g(x)) > f (g(x + 1)) (b) f (g(x)) f (g(x + 1))
(c) g( f (x)) g( f (x + 1)) (d) g( f (x)) > g( f (x 1))
F 1 x2 I F I
GH
log10 sin 1
1 x2
JK H
log sin 1 x sec 1
1
x K then dy
(4) If y 10 e =
dx
2 2 2
(a) (b) (c) (d) 0
1 x2 1 x2 1 x2

t2 t2
(35) If x
1
1
t2
t2
and y
1
1 t2
1
1 t2
then 1 d x2 i dxdy =
(a) 1 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 2

FG 2 x 1 IJ and f '(x) = sinx2, dy 2( x 2 x 1)

(36) If y f
H x2 1K dx A
sin B then AB =

(a) (2x 1)2 (b) (x 1)2 (c) (x2 + 1)2 (d) (2x + 1)2

375
(37) If f "(x) = f (x) and f '(x) = g(x), m(x) = ( f (x))2 + (g(x))2 then find m(20).
Where, m(10) = 22
(a) 22 (b) 11 (c) 0 (d) 5

(38) If y2 = p(x) is polynominal function more than 3 degree then 2

d 3
dx
y y2 = d i
(a) p'(x) p"(x) (b) p(x) p"(x) (c) p'(x) p"'(x) (d) p(x) p"'(x)

(39) In which interval f (x) = sin1 2 x 1 e x2 j is strictly incresing ?

1 1
(a) [1, 1] (b) , (c) [0, 1] (d) [1, 0]
2 2

e2 y 1 dy
(40) If x 2y then =
e 1 dx
(a) 1 + x2 (b) x2 1 (c) 1 x2 (d) x2-1
n( n 1) 2 n( n 1)( n 2) 3
(41) If f (x) + 1 + nx + x x ..... x n then f " (1) _____
2 6
(a) n(n 1).2n 2 (b) n(n 1)2n (c) n(n 1).2n 1 (d) (n 1).2n
1

d2y
(42) Equation of the curve is 2x = 2a cos + b cos2 and 2y = 2a sin + b sin2 . If 0
dx 2
then the value is

2 a2 b2 3a 2 5b 2
(a) sin (b) tan
5ab 4 ab

a2 2b2 ( a2 2 b2 )
(c) cos (d) cos
3b 3ab
x
(43) The rate of change of x2 16 with respect to at x = 3 is
x 1
11 12
(a) 2 (b) (c) (d) 3
5 5
(44) If two variables x and y and x > 0, xy = 1 then minimum value of x + y is
1 1
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 2 (d) 3
2 3
376
(45) f and g are two differentiable function and fog = I (Identify function) and g'(a) = 2,
g(a) = b then f '(x) =
1 1
(a) 2 (b) (c) 2 (d)
2 2

1 1 2x 1
(46) Derivative of y log( x 1) log x 2 x 1 tan 1 is
3 3 3
dy 1 B
then AB =
dx 3A 3( x 2 x 1)
(a) x2 x 2 (b) x2 x + 2 (c) x2 + x + 2 (d) x2 + x + 2
d F 1
3log10 |cosec x | =
I
(47)
dx H K
3log10 |cosec x| 3log10 |cosec x|
1 1
1 1
(a) 1
log10 3 (b) 1
log10 3
cosec x x x 2 1 cosec x |x | x 2 1

3log10 |cosec x|
1
1
(c) log 3 10 (d) None of these
cosec 1 x | x| x 2 1

x
1 1 dy
(48) If y tan 1 r r 2 then =
r 1 dx

1 1 1
(a) (b) (c) 0 (d) 1 x 12
1 x2 1 (1 x )2

FG 1 x IJ then dy
(49) If (logcosx sinx) (logsinx cosx)1 + sin1
H 1 x K dx =

8 32 8 8 8 8
(a) log 2 16 2 (b) (c) ( d )
e log 2 4 log 2 4
8 32

log e 2 16 2

F d2y I
(50) If x = a(1 cos3 ), y = asin3 and GH dx 2 JK A
a
then A =
6

27 32 32 27
(a) (b) (c) (d)
32 27 27 32
377
 e2 d2y A
(51) If e y and then A =
x2 dx 2 x2
1 1
(a) 2 (b) (c) 2 (d)
2 2
2
x d 2 y y 1 dy
(52) I f y = x and then =
dx 2 x dx
(a) xy (b) xx (c) yx (d) x

(53) If x13y7 = (x + y)20 then xy1 y =

(a) 7 (b) 13 (c) 20 (d) 0

LM 1 1010 t , y OP dy
(54) If x
N
235 cos t
1010
log tan
2 Q 235 cos t then
dx
=

(a) cot2 t (b) tan2 t (c) cos2 t (d) sin2 t

(55) The slope of the tangent at (2, 1) for the curve x = t2 + 3t 8 and y = 2t2 2t
5 is
6 22 7
(a) (b) 6 (c) (d)
7 7 6
x
(56) Equation of the tangent of the curvey y 1 e 2 when intersect to yaxis
than =
(a) x + y = 0 (b) x + 2y = 0 (c) 2x + y = 0 (d) x y = 0
(57) The length of line segnment when tangent of the curve intersect to both axes for curve
2 2
F I
x 3 F I
y 3
H K
a
cos2 and
H K
a
sin 2 is

(a) a (b) | a | (c) a2 (d) a3

dy
(58) For curve y = f (x), 2 x than angle made by the tangent at (1, 1) with OX is
dx
1
(a) (b) (c) tan12 (d) tan1
4 3 2

378
 3
(59) curve y = sin2 , x = e sin 0 < 2 for which value of tangent is
2
parallel to Xaxis ?

(a) 0 (b) (c) (d)

2 4 6
1
(60) Function f ( x ) x |x 1| tan x how many points are not differenciable in
2
(0, 2) ?
(a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
(61) f (x) = (x a)m (x b)n, x [a, b] is the satisfing the Roll's condition than
c = ...... (a, b).

mb na mb na mb na mb na
(a) (b) (c) (d)
m n m n m n m n
(62) If function f (x) = ax3 + bx2 + 11x 6, x [1, 3] is satisfing Roll's condition
F 1 I
f' 2
H 3 K 0 than a = ,b=

1
(a) 1, 6 (b) 2, 1 (c) 1, (d) 1, 6
2
2
(63) If f (x) = 1 + 2 sinx + 3cos2x, 0 x then
3
1
(a) Minimum value of x (b) Maximum value of x sin 1
2 3
1
(c) Minimum value of x (d) Maximum value of x sin 1
6 6
x
(64) Equation of the tangent for the curve y = a log sec at x = a is
a
(a) (y alogsec1) tan 1= x a (b) (x a) tan1 = (y a)log sec1
(c) (x a) cos1 = ((y a) log sec1)tan1 (d) None of these
x x x sin x 1 x 1 x 1 x
(65) If cos cos 2 3 ....... then 2 tan 2
tan 2 3
tan 3 .....
2 x 2 x 2 2 2 2 2 2
=
1 1
(a) cot x (b) tan x (c) x tanx (d) x cotx
x x
379
 dy
(66) If y = (x logx)log logx for A log log x 1 (B + (logx + x) log logx) then AB =
dx

(a) x logx (b) x(logx)2 (c) x2 logx (d) log x

(67) Prove that the condition that xcos + ysin = p touches the curve xmyn = am+n is
pAmnnm = AA aA cosm sin is then A =
(a) m + n (b) m n (c) n m (d) m2 n2
(68) For every x, x R f (x)= (a + 2)x3 3ax2 + 9ax 1 the function is decreasing then
a
(a) ( , 3) (b) (3, 2) (c) (3, ) (d) ( , 3)]

(69) In which interval f (x) = sin4x + cos4x, x 0, 2 is increasing function

LM , OP LM OP LM OP F , I
(a)
N4 2Q N 4Q
(b) 0, (c) 0,
N 2Q (d) H 4 2K
F I , the function f (x) = tan1 (sinx + cosx) is
(70) In the interval 0, H 4K
(a) Decreasing (b) Increasing
(c) Both (d) Even Function

F x I at which the tangent is parellal to x

H K
2
(71) The point on the curve y 12 x 2 sin
2
axis is lie on
(a) a line (b) a parallal
(c) a circle (d) an ellipse
( x) ( x)
(72) The minimum value of ,x c is
( x)

(a) c h2 (b) c h2
(c) c h2 (d) ( ) 2

x ( ) ( )

380
(73) If A > 0, B > 0 and A + B = than the maximum value of tanA tanB is
3
1 1
(a) (b)
3 3
2
(c) (d) 3
3
(74) I f the curve y = ax and y = bx intersect each other at angle then tan =
a b log a log b
(a) (b)
1 ab 1 log a log b

a b log a log b
(c) (d)
1 ab 1 log a log b
1 x tan x
(75) is maximum at
x

(a) x = sinx (b) x = cosx (c) x (d) x = tanx

3
(76) Let f ( x ) x 1 x 24 10 x 1 , 1 < x < 26 be real valued function
Then f '(x) = for 1 < x < 26 is
1
(a) 0 (b) (c) 2 x 1 (d) x 1
x 1
(77) The Roll's theorem is applicable in the interval 1 x 1 for the function
(a) f (x) = x (b) f (x) = x2 (c) f (x) = 2x3 + 3 (d) f (x) = | x |
(78) If the rate of change of value of a sphere is equal to the rate of change of its radius,
then its radius is equal to =
1 1
(a) 1 unit (b) 2 unit (c) unit (d) unit
2 2
(79) Two measarment of a cylinder are varying in such a way that the volume is kept constant.
If the rates of change of the radius (r) and high (h) are equal in magnitute but opposite
is sign then
(a) r = 2h (b) h = 2r (c) h = r (d) h = 4r
(80) The point on the curve y = (x 2) (x 3) at which the tangent makes an angle of 225o
with possitive direction of x axis has coordinates
(a) (0, 3) (b) (3, 0) (c) (3, 0) (d) (0, 3)

381
(81) I f the curves 2 x2 + 3y2 = 6 and ax2 + 4y2 = 4 intersect orthogonally than =
(a) 2 (b) 1 (c) 3 (d) -3
(82) At any point of a curve (sub tangent) (sub normal) is equal to the square of the
(a) Slope of the tangent at the point (b) Slope of the normal at the point
(c) abscissa of the point (d) ordinate of the point

F 5x x I
(83) The length of the normal to the curve y
Ge
sG
e5 JJ at any point varies as the
GH 2 JK
(a) sbscissa of the point (b) ordinate of the point
(c) Square of the abscissa of the point (d) Square of the ordinate of the point
(84) If m = tan is the slope of the tangent to the curve ey = 1 + x2 than
(a) | tan | > 1 (b) | tan | < 1 (c) tan < 1 (d) | tan | 1
(85) In a + b + c = 0, than the equation 3ax2 + 2bx + c = 0 has, in the interval (0, 1)
(a) at least one root (b) at most one root (c) no root (d) Exactly one root exist
(86) In (0, 1) mean value theorm is not applicable to

1 1 sin x
(a) f ( x ) x , x (b) f ( x ) ,x 0
2 2 x
(c) f (x) = x| x | (d) f (x) = | x |
(87) Let f (x) satisfy the requirement of lanrange's mean value theorm in
[0, 2]. If f (0) = 0

and | f ' ( x )| x, x [ 0, 1] for all x [0, 2] then

2
(a) f (x) 2 (b) | f (x) | 1
(c) f (x) = 2x (d) f (x) = 3 for at least one x in (0, 2)
(88) The function f (x) = 4log(x 2) x2 + 4x + 1 increasing on the interval
(a) (2, 3) (b) (1, 2) (c) (2, 4) (d) (1, 3)

(89) If f ( ) and g( ) where 0 < 1 than in this interval

sin tan
(a) both f ( ) and g( ) are increasing function
(b) both f ( ) and g( ) are decreasing function
(c) f ( ) is an increasing function
(d) g( ) is an increasing function
382
 112
(90) The interval of increase of the function f (l) = l el + tan
7
(a) (0, ) (b) ( , 0) (b) (1, ) (d) ( , 1)

a2 1
(91) If f (x) = 2 x3 3x + 5loge2 is a decreasing function of x for all x R then
a 1
the set of possible values of a is
(a) [1, 1] (b) [1, ] (c) ( , 1] (d) ( , 1)

(92) If 0 < x < than

2
2x 2x 2x 2x
(a) cosx > 1 (b) cosx < 1 (c) cosx > (d) cosx <

(93) The minimum value of sec2 x + cosec2x equation maximum value of

asin2 + bcos2 where a > b > 0,
(a) a = b (b) a = 2b (c) a = 3b (d) a = 4b

(94) Derivative of sec 1

RS 1 UV w. r. t. 1
T 2 x2 1 W 1 3 x at x
3
is

1 1
(a) 0 (b) (c) (d) 3
2 3
1 5
(95) f ( x ) |x| x |x 3| x minimum value is
2 2
(a) 0 (b) 2 (c) 4 (d) 6

F e2 x 1 I is
(96) The function f ( x ) GH e2 x 1 JK
(a) Increasing (b) Decreasing
(c) Even (d) Strictly increasing
(97) If f (x) = | x 1| any g(x) = f ( f ( f (x)) the for x > 2 g'(x) is equal to
(a) 1 for all x > 2 (b) 1 for 2 < x < 3
(c) 1 for 2 < x < 3 (d) Not defined

(98) The second order derivative of a sin3 with respect to acos3 at .

4
4 2 1
(a) (b) 2 (c) (d) 0
3a 12a
383
(99) T he equati on of the normal to the curve y = (1 + x)y + sin1 (sin2x) at x = 0.
(a) x + y = 2 (b) x + y = 1
(c) x y = 1 (d) x2 y2 = 2
1 1 1
(100) If y tan 1 2 tan 1 2 tan 1 2 ..... to n terms
x x 1 x 3x 3 x 5x 7
dy
then =
dx
1 1 1 1
(a) (b)
1 ( x n )2 1 x2 1 ( x n )2 1 x2
2 1
(c)
1 ( x n )2 1 x2
(d) n

384
 Hints
5 3
3/2 3x 2 3x 2
(1) y 3x ( x 1)
1 FG
1 cos ax IJ dy 1 LM
a sin x a sin ax OP
(2) y
2
log
1H cos ax K ,
dx N
2 1 cos ax 1 cos ax Q
(3) y = cosnx sinnx, Using Multiplication Rule

sin 3 x cos3 x
(4) y
sin x cos x sin x cos x
1 1 dy
y (sin 3 x cos3 x ) , y 1 sin 2 x cos2 x
sin x cos x 2 dx
d d n
(5) f (x) = xn ( f ( x )) ( x ) f '(1) = n f '(x) = n xn 1
dx dx
(6) f (x) = Ax + B f '(x) = A and f (0) = f '(0) = 2
A = 2, B = 2 So, f (1) = 2 + 2 = 4

F F IJ
3 I
d
log e x
xGG G 4 4 JJ
(7) dx x GH H 4 K JK
d LM 3 3 OP dy x2 10
dx
x
N 4
log( x 4)
4
log( x 4)
Q dx x2 16

x x x
sin sin sin
y 2 2 2
(8) x 3x x
cos cos x cos x cos cos cos 2 x
2 2 2

x F x I
sin
2
sin x
H 2 K tan x tan
x
x x 2
cos cos x cos x cos
2 2

385
 x x
sin 3x sin
2 2 3x
same way , tan tan x and tan 2 x tan
3x 2 x 2
cos x cos cos cos x
2 2

(9) x2ey + 2xy ex + 23 = 0 diff w r to x

dy 2 xe y 2 xye x 2 ye x
,Nr & Dr by x
dx x 2 e y 2 xe x
(10) f (x) = | [x]x |= | x | |[x]| F [0] = 0 using L.H.D. and R.H.D.
(11) f (x) = x cot1 x using Product Rules
(12) f (x) = | x 2 | and g(x) = f ( f (x)), Now x > 20 for f (x) = x 2
g(x) = f ( f (x)) = f (x 2) = | x 4 |, Now, x > 20 for g'(x) = 0
(13) even functions derivative is odd functions,f '( ) + f '( ) = 0
(14) z = cos1x2 suppose x2 = cos2z ,
F1 z I
tan 1 G JJ
tan z
y
GG 1 2
z
JK
y
H tan
2
4 2

3x 2 x 1 1 F dy I
(15) y
x
3x 1
x H dx ax b
K
using Darivative of composite function

1 1
(16) y 3 x
log 5 x 8 x3 log5 x 8

1 2
dy 1 3 1 1 1 3 1
x x log 5 e
dx 3 x log 5 3 x
(17) y = (x2 + 7x + 2) (ex logx) Apply Product Rule
(18) xy + x ey + y ex = x2using derivative,

dy ( ye x y e y 2 x) ( ye x y e y 2 x )
dx x xe y e x ( xe y e x x )
A = yex, B = xey

386
(19) f (x) = xn f (1) = 1, f '(x) = nxn 1 f '(1) = 1
f "(x) = n(n 1)xn 2 f "(1) = n(n 1)
f n(x) = n! f n(1) = n!
n n( n 1)
1 .......... 0
1! 2!

2 2
x x
(20) F ( x) f g
2 2
2 2
x x
f f '
2 2
x x x x
F '( x ) F . f ' f ' . f "
2 2 2 2

1 1 b 1 dt
(21) x tan log t b tan x log t then after we get taking second
b 1 x 2 t dx
Darivative (1 + x2)y2 + (2x b)y1 = 0

F I F xx x x I
(22) f ( x ) cot 1
xx
GH x x
JK , f ' ( x)
F xx
1
x x
2
d
I
dx GH 2 JK
2
1 GH 2 JK
2 R
S
x )2 T
x log x d ( x log x ) e x log x
d UV
f ' (x)
4 (xx x
e
dx dx
( x log x )
W
Fx y I
(23) y b tan 1
Ha tan 1
x K
dy
y x y x y
tan tan 1 , 1 sec2 y dy 1 dx ........
b a x b b dx a x2 y2

sin cos dy
(24) x= tan + cot Same way, x , 4 cos ec4
cos sin d

sin 2 cos2 dy 2
.....
sin cos dx sin 2

387
 d
2
x cos x F x I
(25) dx log(1 sin x) log sec
4 2 1 sin x
tan
H4 2 K
x x x x
cos2 sin 2 cos sin
2 2 2 2 0
F x x 2 I x x
H cos
2
sin
2 K cos
2
sin
2

dy x 1 x
(26) y = f ( f ( f (x))), x sec 2 tan
dx 2 2 2
= f '( f ( f (x)) f '( f (x)) f '(x) f '(0) = 1

dy
dx = f '( f ( f (0))) f '( f (0)) f '(0)
x 0

x
(27) y x tan
2
dy x dy
(1 cos x ) x tan (1 cos x ) ,
dx 2 dx
x 1 x dy x 1 x
x sec 2 tan (1 cos x ) x sin x tan
2 2 2 dx 2 cos2 x 2
2

x 1 x
tan , B = sinx, A = 1 + cosx
2 (1 cos x ) 2

(28) f (x) = sec 1 x , f ' ( x ) 1

| x | x2 1

F x2 I F I
(29) y cos 1
3x
GH 4 1
5
JK , y cos 1
3
5 H
x
4
5
1 x2
K
3 4
Taking , cos , sin
5 5
1 1
(30) y = sin1(3x 4x3) = 3sin1x, | x | = 3sin1x, <x 1
2 2
1
= 3sin1x, 1 x<
2
388
 1 1
z = sin1x then y = 3z, | x | = 3z, <x<1
2 2
1
= 3z, 1 x<
2
(31) Try your self
(32) y = x3000, x = 1 and x + x = 1.002
dy dy
3000 x 2999 3000
dx dx x 1

dy
Now using formula y x
dx
(33) f '(x) > 0 and g'(x) < 0
f is a incresing and g is a Decrising function
f (x 1) < f (x) < f (x + 1) and
y(x 1) > g(x) > g(x + 1) ..........

F x2 I
(34) y sin 1 GH
1
1 x2
JK 2
Differentiate using Chain Rule

1 t2 1 t2
(35) x x2
1 t2 1 t2

1 x dy
Now taking y and then find
1 x dx

F 2x 1 I F I
2
2 ( x 2 x 1)
sin G 2
H x 1 JK GH JK
dy
(36)
dx ( x 2 1)2

(2 x 1)2
AB (x2 1)2 (2 x 1)2
(x2 1)2
(37) f "(x) = f (x) and f '(x) = g(x)
m(x) = ( f (x))2 + (g(x))2
m'(x) = 2 f (x) f '(x) + 2g(x) g'(x)
m'(x) = 0 ( f '(x) = g(x), f "(x) = g'(x))
(38) y2 = p(x) 4y3y2 = 2y2 p"(x) p'(x)2, 2yy1 = p'(x)

389
 2 y 2 p"( x ) p' ( x )2
y2
2 y3

2(1 2x2 )
(39) f ( x ) sin 1 2 e 1 x2 j , f ' (x)
|1 2x2| 1 x2
|x| 1

Here f '(x) > 0then 1 2x2 < 0

1 1 1
2x2 < 1 1 1< , , strictly incrising
2 2 2

x 1
(40) Taking componendo any dividendo So we get e2 y
x 1
taking log both sides, log(x + 1) log(x 1) =2y
dy 1 1
2
dx x 1 1 x 2
(41) f (x) = (1 + x)n, f '(x) = n(1 + x)n 1, f "(x) = n(n 1) (1 + x)n 2
f "(1) = n(n 1)2n 2
b d2y
(42) x = acos + cos2 Now 0
2 dx 2
b dy
y = asin + sin2 0
2 dx
dy a cos b cos 2
dx a sin b sin 2
x
(43) y x2 16 , z = x 1

1
dy
x( x 2 16) 2
dx

dz 1
dx ( x 1)2
2
1 1
(44) How xy = 1, y Now x y x 22
x x
For all x > 0, x + y 1, Min. value is 2

390
(45) fog ( x ) I ( x)
f ( g ( x )) x, f ' ( g ( x )).g ' ( x ) 1
f ' ( g (a )).g ' (a) 1
f ' (b) 2 1

1 LM 1
log ( x 2 OP
(46) y
3 N
log( x 1)
2
x 1)
Q
dy 1 1 1 1 1 1
2 (2 x 1)
dx 3 x 1 6 x x 1 3 F 2x 1I2
1
H 3 K
dy 1 2 x
Now simplifyng
dx 3( x 1) 3( x 2 x 1)

d F 1
3log10 |cosec x | I
(47) Now
dx H K
1 x| d
3log10 |cosec log3 log10 |cosec 1 x| , Now simplifing
dx
x
1 n
tan 1
FG r 1 r IJ
(48) y tan 1
r 1 1 r r2 r 1 H 1 r (r 1) K
Now taking darivative

11 2x
(49) y log cos x sin x log sin x cos x and x sin 1 x 2

dy dy dy dy d sin 1 2 x
Now , 2
dx dx dx dx dx 1 x
2
log sin x dy 8
y
log cos x dx x log e 2
4

F dy I 8 32
H dx K FH x IK log 2 16 2
4

391
(50) x = a (1 cos3 )
dx
= 3acos2 sin
d
dy
y = asin3 = 3asin2 cos
d

dy
3a sin 2 cos F d2y I F d2y I
dy
dx
d
dx 3a cos2 sin
GH dx 2 JK sin 2
dy
dx GH dx 2 JK a ..........
d 6

e2
(51) e y y = loge2 log x 2 , y = 2 2 logex
x2
dy d2y
taking and respectively
dx dx 2
(52) y = xx, logy = x logx

d2y y 1 F dy I 2
dx 2 x xx

H dx K
dy
= xx (1 + logx)
dx

(53) x13 y7 = (x + y)20, 13 log x + 7 log y 20 log (x + y)

13 1 dy 1 F1 dy I
y H K
7 20 ...........
x y dx x dx

LM t OP dx cos2 t
(54) x
N
235 cos t log tan
2 Q dt
235
sin t
dy
y = 235 cos t 235 sin t
dt
dy
tan 2 t
dx
(55) Here x = 2 and y = 1
2 = t2 + 3t 8 and 1 = 2t2 2t 5
(t 2) (t + 5) = 0 and (t 2) (t + 1) = 0

392
 F dy I 6
H dt K t 2 7
(56) the tangent Intersect to Yaxis, tan x = 0, point of intersection is (0,0)

F1 I
the tangent is y 0 = H2 K
e o (x 0) , x + 2y = 0

2 2
x 3 2 y 3 2
(57) cos , sin
a
b

1 1
x 3 y 3
a cos , b sin

x a cos , y a sin 3
3

dy
tan
dx

F dy I 2 , dy = f '(x), tan = 2, 2x = f '(x),

(58) y = f (x) H dx K(1, 1) dx
= tan12

dy dx
(59) If curve is parallel to xaxis then 0 and 0 cos2 = 0
d d
d 3
sin 2 0 2 (2k 1) , kz
d 2 2

2
2 4
(60) | x | is not differentiable at x = 0
1 1
x , |x 1| it also not differantiable at x = ,1
2 2

x a2 x 1f 2 , x 1 f (x) not differentiable x = 0, ,

2
(61) f (x) = (x a)m (x b)n f '(x) = (x a)m 1 (n b)n 1 [x(m + n) (mb
+ na)]
mb na
f '(x) = 0, x = a or x = b or x
m n

393
(62) Getting Equation from f (1) = f (3) So, we get, 26a + 18b = 22
f '(x) = 3ax2 + 2bx + 11

F 1 I a 1
f' 2
H 3 K 0 6a + b = 0
b 6
a = 1, b = 6

(63) f '(x) = 1 + 2 sinx + 3cos2x, 0 x 2

3
1
f '(x) = 0 2cosx (1 3 sinx) = 0 cosx = 0 or sinx =
3
1
x or x sin1
2 3
x
(64) y a logsec Now using slope point equation
a

dy x dy tan1
tan , dx
dx a x a

x x sin x
(65) cos cos 2 ..... , Taking log on both side
2 2 x
x x x
log cos log cos 2 log cos 3 ..... log sin x log x , Now diff w.r to x
2 2 2
(66) y = (x logx) log(logx), Taking log both side, logy = log(logx) [logx + log(logx)]

(67) nm yn = am + n, mlogx + nlogy = (m + n) logx

F dy I my1
H dx K ( x1, y1) nx1
then using slopepoint and compare

(68) f (x) = (a + 2)x3 3ax2

f (x) = (a + 2)x3 3ax2
(a + 2) < 0 and (4a2 4(a + 2) 3a2 < 0

LM , OP
(69) f (x) = sin4x < 4x < 2 sin4x < 0, f is incresing in
N4 2Q
sin4x > 0

394
 cos x (1 tan x )
(70) f (x) = tan1 (sinx + cosx), f '(x) =
1 (sin x cos x )2

0<x< f '(x) > 0, In (0, ), increasing function

4 4

F x I dy x
H K
2 6 1 cos
(71) y 12 x 2 sin y
2 dx 2

dy
tangent are paralll to xaxis then 0
dx
x x
1 cos 0 cos 1, x = 0, 2
2 2

( x) ( x) 2( )( )
(72) y f "( x )
( x) (x )3

( )( )
f ' (x) 1, f"(x) > 0
(x )2

x ( ) ( )

(73) Assuming tanA tanB = tanA tan A Z
3

dZ
Now tanA sec 2 A tan A sec 2 A
dA 3 3

d 2Z 1
Now , So A 2
0 Z
6 d A A 3
6

F dy I F dy I
(74) y ax
H dx K (0,1) log a m1, y bx
H dx K(0,1) log b m2

1 2 m m
Now tan 1 m m
1 2

1 x tan x dy 1
(75) y , sin 2 x
x dx x2

395
 1 dy
tan x For max. value 0 x = cosx
x dx
(76) Using Roll's Theorm
(77) The roll's theroem is applicable for f(x) = x2
4 3 dy dr dy dr
(78) y r 4 r2 but 4 r2 1
3 dt dt dt dt
Now find the value of r
dv dv
(79) v = r2h First Find and gets 0,So we gets r = 2h
dt dt
(80) y = (x 2) (x 3), Now m = 225o

F dy I
H dx K ( x1, y1) 2x 5

x = 3 and y = 0
(81) If two curves are intersect ortho gonally they using condition
a2 b2 c 2 f 2
(82) Using the formaua of normal and sub normal
dy
(83) First find and put up the curve in formula of the light of normal is
dx

F dy I 2
y 1
H dx K
(84) Here ey = 1 + x2 Here Am Gm

1 | x |2 2| x |
y = log(1 + x2) | x |, | m |
1 | x |2 | tan | 1
2
(85) f '(x) = 3 ax2 + 2bx + c it's a dariving of f (x) = ax3 + bx2 + cx, x (0, 1)
Now f (0) = 0 and f (1) = a + b + c = 0

1 1
(86) f ( x) x, x
2 2
2
1
x , x 2
2

1
For x L.H.D. and R.H.D. are not same
2

396
 f ( x) f (0 ) f ( x) 1
(87) f ' ( c ) | f ' ( c )|
x 0 x 2
f (x) |x|
f ' (c ) | f ( x )|
x 2
|x|
| f ( x )|
2
2( x 1) ( x 3) ( x 2)
(88) f (x) = 2log(x 2) x2 + 4x + 1, f ' ( x )
( x 2 )2
f '(x) > 0 (x 1) (x 2) (x 3) < 0
(89) f '( ) and g'( ) find first
m( ) = sin sin m'( ) and h'( )
h( ) = tan sec2 Find
112
(90) f (l) = l el + tan 1 + el < 0 , f '(l) > 0 = l = el > 0 l<0
7
In l , 0) Incrising function

a2 1 a2 1
(91) f (x) = 2 3
x 3x + 5loge2, f '(x) = 2 (3x2) 3
a 1 a 1

a2 1
0, a [1, 1],
a2 1
2x
(92) Using cosx > 1

(93) y = tan2x + cot2x and Z = asin2 + bcos2

2
y tan x cot x 2 2

d 2Z
ymin 2 2
2(a b) cos 2
d

ymin zmax 2 ab a

sec 1
RS 1 UV dy 1 3x
(94) y
T 2x2 1 W dx

1x 2

397
 F dy I
y = 2cos1x, H dz K x 1
0
3

dz 3 1
Z 1 3x
dx 2 1 3 x

(95) minimum value is 6

e2 x 1 4 e2 x
(96) f ( x ) f ' ( x) 0 So f (x) is a Increasing function
e2 x 1 (1 e 2 x )2
(97) For x > 2 f (x) = | x 1 | = x 1,f ( f (x))=f (x 1)= | (x 1) 1 |
f ( f (x)) = f (x 2)
= | (x 2) 1 |
= x 3, x 3
= 3 x, ex 3
(98) y = asin3 , x = a cos2
dy dx
= 3asin2 cos = 3acos2 sin
d d
dy d2y d
tan 2
sec 2
dx dx dx
(99) y = (1 + x)y + sin1 (sin2x) If x = 0 then y = 1

F dy I
H dx K (0,1) 1 Eq of Normal is y 1 = 1(x 0)

x+y=1

tan 1
FG ( x 1) x IJ tan 1 FG ( x 2 ) ( x 1) IJ
(100) y
H 1 x ( x 1) K H 1 ( x 2) ( x 1) K
F ( x 3) ( x 2 ) IJ .....
tan 1 G
H 1 ( x 3) ( x 2 ) K
dy 1 1
y = tan1 (x + n) tanx
dx 1 ( x n)2 1 x2

398
 Answers
1 b 2 a 3 b 4 a 97 c
5 a 6 a 7 a 8 d 98 a
9 c 10 a 11 a 12 b 99 b
13 a 14 b 15 a 16 a 100 b
17 a 18 b 19 c 20 a
21 b 22 a 23 a 24 b
25 a 26 b 27 b 28 c
29 a 30 b 31 b 32 c
33 a 34 c 35 c 36 a
37 a 38 d 39 b 40 c
41 a 42 d 43 c 44 b
45 b 46 a 47 b 48 a
49 a 50 b 51 c 52 b
53 d 54 b 55 a 56 b
57 a 58 c 59 c 60 d
61 a 62 d 63 a 64 b
65 a 66 b 67 a 68 b
69 a 70 b 71 b 72 b
73 b 74 b 75 b 76 a
77 b 78 d 79 a 80 b
81 a 82 d 83 d 84 d
85 a 86 a 87 b 88 a
89 b 90 b 91 a 92 a
93 d 94 a 95 d 96 a

399