Universidad Andina Nestor Caceres Velasquez

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

Filial - Arequipa

MTODO DE TRABAJO VIRTUAL

Ejercicios Resueltos

Mtodo de energa en vigas y porticos

CAP: Ingenieras y Ciencias Puras

CARRERA: Ingeniera Civil

CURSO : Mecnica de Materiales ll

DOCENTE: Ing. Miguel E. Crdova Cano

INTEGRANTES:
- Arapa Yucra , Carola

- Colque Sencia , Edwin

- Puma Asencio, Pal T

- Puma Yanqui , Fernanda

- Quicaa Varcarcel, Emely

- Mecnica
Lasso de ,Materiales
Quispe Rossmel ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 0

- Quispe Luque, Cesar

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

EJERCICIO N 1

Determine la deflexin y la pendiente en el punto B. EI es constante.

- Para hallar la deflexin

Estructura real Estructura virtual

CORTE 1
CORTE 1

+
1 = 0
1 + 0.5 + 2(1 ) = 0
1 = 21 0.5 1 = 0 +
1 + 1(1 ) = 0
1 = (1 )
6 1 .1
= 0 dx
.

6 (21 0.5 )((1 ))

= 0 1
.

1.53 .3
= ( )
.

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 1

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

-Para hallar la Pendiente

Estructura real Estructura virtual()

CORTE 1 CORTE 1

+
1 = 0 1 = 0 +
1 + 0.5 + 2(1 ) = 0 1 + 1 = 0
1 = 21 0.5 1 = 1
6
1 . 1
=
0 .
6 (21 0.5 )(1)
= 0
.

39
= . rad

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 2

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

EJERCICIO N 2

Determine la deflexin en B y la pendiente en A. EI es constante.

- Para hallar la deflexin en B
Estructura real Estructura virtual

= 0 + = 0
(2)(6) (9) = 0 1(6) (9) = 0
= 1.33 = 0.67

= 0.67
= 0.33
CORTE 1
CORTE 1

1 = 0 +
1 = 0 +
1 + 0.67(1 ) = 0
1 + 0.33(1 ) = 0
1 = 0.67(1 )
1 = 0.33(1 )
CORTE 2
CORTE 2

2 = 0 + 2 = 0 +
2 + 0.67(2 + 6) 2(2 ) = 0 2 1(2 ) + 0.33(6 + 2 ) = 0
2 = 1.332 4.02 2 =0.672 1.98
6 1 .1 3 2 .2
= 0 + 0
. .

6 (0.67(1 ))(0.33(1 ) 3 (1.332 4.02)(0.672 1.98)

= 0 1 + 0 2
. .

23.84.3
= ( )
.

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 3

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

- Para hallar la Pediente en A

Estructura real Estructura virtual()

= 0 +
= 0 +
(2)(6) (9) = 0
1 (9) = 0
= 1.33
= 0.11
= 0.67 = 0.11

CORTE 1 CORTE 1

1 = 0 +
1 + 0.67(1 ) = 0 1 = 0+
1 = 0.67(1 ) 1 + 1 0.11(1 ) = 0
1 = 0.111 1
CORTE 2
CORTE 2

2 = 0 +
2 = 0 + 2 + 1 0.11(2 + 6) = 0
2 + 0.67(2 + 6) 2(2 ) = 0 2 = 0.112 0.34
2 = 1.332 4.02
6 3
1 . 1 2 . 2
= +
0 . 0 .
6 3
(0.67(1 ))(0.111 1) (1.332 4.02)(0.112 0.34)
= 1 + 2
0 . 0 .
8.14
= ( . )

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 4

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

EJERCICIO N 3
Determine la deflexin en B y a pendiente A . EI constante.
- Para hallar deflexin en B
Estructura real Estructura virtual()

= 0 +
= 0 + = 0.5
= 3 = 0.5
= 3
CORTE 1
CORTE 1

1 = 0
+
1 + 0.5(1 ) = 0
1 = 0.5(1 )

1 = 0

1 (0.5(1 )) ( 1 ) + 3(1 ) = 0
2
1 = 3(1 ) + 0.251 2
CORTE 2 CORTE 2

2 = 0
2 = 0 + 2 1(2 ) + 0.5(6 + 2 ) = 0
6+ 2 = 0.52 3
2 0.5(6 + 2 ) ( 2 2 ) + 3(6 + 2 ) = 0
2 = 0.252 2 9

6 1 .1 6 2 .2
= 0 + 0
. .

6 (3(1 )+0.251 2 )(0.5(1 )) 6 (0.252 2 9)(0.52 3)

= 0 1 + 0 2
. .

135 . 3
= ( )
.

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 5

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

- Para hallar pendiente en A

Estructura real Estructura virtual()

= 0 + = 0 +
= 3 1 (12) = 0 +
= 3 = 0.08
= 0.08
CORTE 1
CORTE 1

1 = 0 + 1 = 0 +
1 (0.08(1 )) + 1 = 0
1 (0.5(1 )) ( 21 ) + 3(1 ) = 0
1 = 0.08(1 ) 1
1 = 3(1 ) + 0.251 2
CORTE 2 CORTE 2

2 = 0 +
2 = 0 + 2 (0.08(2 + 6)) + 1 = 0
6+ 2 = 0.082 0.52
2 0.5(6 + 2 ) ( 2 2 ) + 3(6 + 2 ) = 0
2 = 0.252 2 9

6 6
1 . 1 2 . 2
= +
0 . 0 .
6 6(
(3(1 ) + 0.251 2 )(0.08(1 ) 1) 0.252 2 9)(0.082 0.52)
= 1 + 2
0 . 0 .
37.44
= ( )
.

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 6

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

EJERCICIO N 4
Determine la pendiente en A y deflexin en B.

- Para la deflexin en B

Estructura real Estructura virtual

= 0
= 0 1(4) (7) = 0
2 2 (7) = 0 = 0.57
= 0 = 0.43
= 0
CORTE l
CORTE l

1 = 0 +
1 = 0 +
1 + 2 = 0
1 + 0.43(1 ) = 0
1 = 2
1 = 0.43(1 )
CORTE ll
CORTE ll

2 = 0 + 2 = 0 +
2 + 2 = 0 2 1(2 ) + 0.43(4 + 2 ) = 0
2 = 2 2 = 0.572 1.72
4 3
1 . 1 2 . 2
= +
0 . 0 .
4( 3
2 )(0.43(1 )) (2)(0.572 1.72 )
= 1 + 2
0 . 0 .
22.33.
=
.

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 7

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

- Para pendiente() en A

Estructura real Estructura virtual

= 0 = 0
2 2 (7) = 0 1 (7) = 0
= 0 = 0.14
= 0 = 0.14
CORTE l CORTE l

1 = 0 1 = 0 +
1 + 2 = 0 1 + 1 0.14(1 ) = 0
1 = 2 1 = 0.14(1 ) 1
CORTE ll CORTE ll

2 = 0 2 = 0
2 + 2 = 0 2 + 1 0.14(4 + 2 ) = 0
2 = 2 2 = 0.142 0.44

4 3
1 . 1 2 . 2
= +
0 . 0 .
4( 3
2)(0.14(1 ) 1) (2)(0.142 0.44 )
= 1 + 2
0 . 0 .
5.07
=

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 8

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

EJERCICIO N 5
Determine la pendiente y deflexin vertical en B.
= 13 = 13109 ,
= 0.500(103 )4

-Para la deflexin en B

Estructura real Estructura virtual

CORTE l
CORTE l

1 = 0 +
1 = 0 +
1 + 3(1 ) ( 21 ) + 2(1 ) = 0
1 + 1(1 ) = 0
1 = 1.51 2 2(1 ) 1 = 1

4
1 . 1
=
0 .
4 (1.51 2 2(1 ))(1 )
=
0 (13109 )(0.500)(103 ) 1

= 0.0213333 m

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 9

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

Para la pendiente() en B

Estructura real Estructura virtual

CORTE l
CORTE l

+
1 = 0 +

1 + 3(1 ) ( 1 ) + 2(1 ) = 0
2 1 = 0
1 = 1.51 2 2(1 ) 1 + 1 = 0
1 = 1

4
1 . 1
=
0 .
4(
1.51 2 2(1 ))(1)
= 1
0 .

48(103 )
=
(13109 )(0.500)(103 )

= 0.0073846

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 10

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

EJERCICIO N 6
Determine la pendiente y deflexin en B, E=29X(103 )Ksi , I=8004 .

Estructura real Estructura virtual

CORTE l CORTE l

+
1 = 0 + 1 = 0
1 2 = 0 1 + 1(1 ) = 0
1 = 2 1 = 1

CORTE ll CORTE ll

2 = 0 + 2 = 0 +
2 2 + 2(2 ) = 0 2 + 1(2 + 3) = 0
2 = 2(2 ) + 2 2 = 2 3

3 4
1 . 1 2 . 2
= +
0 . 0 .
3
(2)(1 )
=
0 (29X(103 )x(703068.306)(800x(0.02544 )) 1
4
(2(2 ) + 2)(2 3)
+ 2
0 (29X(103 )x(703068.306)(800x(0.02544 ))

= 0.01492541

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 11

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

Para la pendiente()

Estructura real Estructura virtual

CORTE l
CORTE l

1 = 0 +
1 = 0 + 1 + 1 = 0
1 2 = 0 1 = 1
1 = 2
CORTE ll
CORTE ll

2 = 0
2 = 0 + 2 + 1 = 0
2 2 + 2(2 ) = 0 2 = 1
2 = 2(2 ) + 2

3 4
1 . 1 2 . 2
= +
0 . 0 .
3 (2 )(1)
= 1
0 (29X(103 )x(703068.306)(800x(0.02544 )
4
(2(2 ) + 2)(1 )
+ 2
0 (29X(103 )x(703068.306)(800x(0.02544 )

= 0.000294584318

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 12

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

EJERCICIO N 07
Determine la deflexin en C. EI es constante.

Estructura real Estructura virtual

= 0 +
= 0 + (6) + 1(11) = 0
(6) + 1 = 0 = 1.83
= 0.17
= 0 +
= 0 +
1.83 + 1 = 0
0.17 = 0 = 0.83
= 0.17

= 0 +
= 0 + 1 0.83(1 ) = 0
1 0.17(1 ) = 0 1 = 0.831
1 = 0.171

= 0 +
= 0 + 2 + 1.83(2 ) 0.83(2 + 6) = 0
2 + 0.17(2 ) 0.17(2 + 6) = 0 2 = 2 + 4.98
2 = 1.02
6 5
1 . 1 2 . 2
= +
0 . 0 .
6 5
(00.171 )(0.171 ) (1.02)(2 + 4.98)
= 1 + 2
0 . 0 .

14.729 . 3
= ( )
.

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 13

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

EJERCICIO N 08
Determine la deflexin en C. EI constante.
Estructura real Estructura virtual

= 0 +
= 0 +
(5) 1 = 0
(5) + 1(11) = 0
= 0.2
= 2.2
= 0 + +
= 0
+ 0.2 = 0
2.2 + 1 = 0
= 0.2
= 1.2
CORTE 1
CORTE 1

= 0 + = 0 +
1 1 = 0 1 = 0
1 = 1 CORTE 2
CORTE 2

0 = 0 +
= 0 + 2 1.2(2 ) = 0
2 + 0.2(2 ) 1 = 0 2 = 1.22
2 = 0.2 2 +1 CORTE 3
CORTE 3

+
= 0 + = 0
3 0.2(3 ) + 0.2(5 + 3 ) 1 = 0 3 + 2.2(3 ) 1.2(5 + 3 ) = 0
3 = 0 3 = 3 + 6
6 1 .1 5 2 .2 6 3 .3
= 0 + 0 + 0
. . .

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 14

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

6 (1)(0) 5 (0.2 2 +1)(1.22 ) 6 (0)(13 +6)

= 0 1 + 0 2 + 0 3
. . .

5 . 3
= ( )
.

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 15

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

EJERCICIO N 09

Determine la deflexin en C. E=200 Gpa e I=80x

Estructura real Estructura virtual

= 0 + = 0 +
(6) 6(3) = 0 (6) + 1(11) = 0
= 3 = 1.83

+ = 0 +
= 0
+ 6 3 = 0 1.83 + 1 = 0
= 3 = 0.83

CORTE 1 CORTE 1

= 0 +

1 1(1 ) ( 21 ) + 3(1 ) = 0 = 0 +
1 0.83(1 ) = 0
1 2
1 = 31 1 = 0.831
2
CORTE 2
CORTE 2

= 0 +
2 + 3(2 ) 6(2 + 3) + 3(2 + 6) = 0 0 = 0 +
2 + 32 18 62 + 18 + 32 = 0 2 + 1.83(2 ) 0.83(2 + 6) = 0
2 = 0 2 = 2 + 4.98

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 16

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

6 1 .1 5 2 .2
= 0 + 0
. .

1 2
6( 2
31 )(0.831 ) 5 (0)(2 +4.98)
= 0 1 + 0 2
. .

Convirtiendo unidades
E=200 Gpa e I=80x106 4

200 Gpa x 109 =2x1011 kg/2

44.82 . 3x 1000 = -44820 kg.3

44820 kg. 3
= ( )
11 kg 6 4
(2x10 2 ) (80x10 )

=-0.0028 m

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 17

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

EJERCICIO N 10
Determine la pendiente y deflexin vertical en C. = 29103 , = 500 4.
= 500 4.
Estructura real Estructura virtual

CORTE l
CORTE l

1 = 0 +
1 = 0 +
1 + 5 = 0
1 = 5 1 + 1(1 ) = 0
1 = 1
CORTE ll
CORTE ll

2 = 0 +
2 + 5 = 0 2 = 0 +
2 = 5 2 + 1(2 + 2) = 0
2 = 2 2
2 8
1 . 1 2 . 2
= +
0 . 0 .
2( 8
5)(1 ) (5)(2 2 )
= 1 + 2
0 . 0 .
2 8
(51 ) (52 + 10)
= 1 + 2
0 . 0 .
(10)(103 ).3 (240)(103 ).3
= +
(29)(103 )(703068.306)(500)(0.0254 4 ) (29)(103 )(703068.306)(200)(0.0254 4 )

= 0.1416

Estructura real Estructura virtual

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 18

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

CORTE l CORTE l

1 = 0 +
1 + 5 = 0 1 = 0
1 = 5 1 + 1 = 0
1 =+ 1
CORTE ll

CORTE ll
2 = 0 + 2 = 0 +
2 + 5 = 0 2 + 1 = 0
2 = 5 2 = 1

2 8
1 . 1 2 . 2
= +
0 . 0 .
2( 8
5)(1) (5)(1 )
= 1 + 2
0 . 0 .
2 (5) 8 (5)
= 0 1 + 0 2
. .

3
(10)(10 ).3 (40)(103 ).3
= 4 +
(29)(103 )(703068.306)(500)(0.0254 ) (29)(103 )(703068.306)(200)(0.0254 4 )

= 0.025924

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 19

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

EJERCICIO N 11
Determine la deflexin en C y la pendiente en B. EI constante.

- Para deflexin en C
Estructura real Estructura virtual

= 0
= 0 + = 0
1(2) (3)
1(8) + 3(2)++ 4(4) (3) = 0 = 0.67
= 4.67
+
+
= 0 + = 0
1 + 3 + 4 4.67 = 0 + 1 0.67 = 0
= 3.33 = 0.33 +
CORTE I CORTE I

1 = 0 +
1 = 0
1 1(1 ) = 0 1 = 0
1 = 1
CORTE II
CORTE II

2 = 0
2 = 0 + 2 + 0.33(2 ) = 0
2 + 3.33(2 ) 1(8 + 2 ) = 0 2 = 0.332
2 = 2.332 + 8

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 20

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

CORTE III CORTE III

3 = 0 3 = 0
3 + 4(3 ) = 0 3 = 0
3 = 43

CORTE IV CORTE IV

4 = 0
4 = 0 4 0.67(4 ) = 0
4 = 0.674
4 + 4(1 + 4 ) 4.678(4 ) = 0
4 = 0.674 4

8 1 .1 2 2 .2 1 3 .3 1 4 .4
= 0 + 0 + 0 + 0
. . . .

8 (1 )(0) 2 (2.332 +8)(0.332 ) 1 (43 )(0) 1 (0.674 4 )(0.674 )

= 0 1 + 0 2 + 0 3 + 0 4
. . . .

1 2 1
= (.) (0 (2.332 + 8)(0.332 )2 + 0 (0.674 4 )(0.674 ) 4 )

3.2296 . 3 1.19037. 3
= ( + )
. .

4.41997 . 3
= ( )
.

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 21

MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

- Para Pendiente en B

Estructura real Estructura virtual

= 0
1 (3) =+ 0
= 0 = 0.33
1(8) + 3(2)++ 4(4) (3) = 0
= 4.67
+
+
= 0
= 0 + 0.33 + = 0
1 + 3 + 4 4.67 = 0 = 0.33
+
+
= 3.33

CORTE I CORTE I

1 = 0 1 = 0
+
1 1(1 ) = 0
1 = 1
1 = 0
CORTE II CORTE II

2 = 0 + 2 = 0
2 + 3.33(2 ) 1(8 + 2 ) = 0 2 0.33(2 ) = 0
2 = 2.332 + 8 2 = 0.332

CORTE III CORTE III

3 = 0
3 = 0
3 = 0
3 + 4(3 ) = 0
3 = 43

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CORTE IV CORTE IV

4 = 0
4 = 0 4 0.33(4 ) + 1 = 0
4 + 4(1 + 4 ) 4.678(4 ) = 0 4 = 0.334 1
4 = 0.674 4

8 1 .1 2 2 .2 1 3 .3 1 4 .4
= 0 + 0 + 0 + 0
. . . .

8 (1 )(0) 2 (2.332 +8)(0.332 ) 1 (43 )(0) 1 (0.674 4 )(0.334 1)

= 0 1 + 0 2 + 0 3 + 0 4
. . . .

1 2 1
= (.) (0 (2.332 + 8)(0.332 )2 + 0 (0.674 4 )(0.334 1) 4 )

3.2296 . 3 3.0787 . 3
= ( + )
. .

6.3083 . 2
= ( )
.

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 23

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EJERCICIO N 12
Determine la pendiente en C. = 200 , = 500 70 106 4 .

Estructura real Estructura virtual

+
= 0
1 (10) = 0 +
= 0.1
= 0 +
1(8) + 2.5(1)(10.5) (10) = 0
= 3.425
+ = 0
0.1 = 0
= 0 + = 0.1 +
1 + 2.5(1) 3.425 = 0 +
= 0.075 CORTE I

CORTE I

1 = 0 +
1 0.1(1 ) = 0
1 = 0 + 1 = 0.11
1 + 0.075(1 ) = 0
1 = 0.0751

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CORTE II
CORTE II

2 = 0 + 2 = 0 +
2 1(2 ) + 0.075(8 + 2 ) = 0 2 0.1(8 + 2 ) = 0
2 = 0.9252 0.6 2 = 0.12 + 0.8
CORTE III
CORTE III

3 = 0 +
3 = 0 +
3 + 2.5(3 )( 3) = 0
2 3 + 1 = 0
3 = 1.253 2 3 = 1

8 2 1
1 . 1 2 . 2 3 . 3
= + +
0 . 0 . 0 .
8 (0.0751 )(0.11 ) 2 0.9252 0.6)(0.12 +0.8) 1 (1.253 2 )(1 )
= 0 1 + 0 2 + 0 3
. . .

1 8 2
= (.) (0 (0.0751 )(0.11 )2 + 0 (0.9252 0.6 )(0.12 + 0.8) 2 +
1
0 (1.253 2 )(1 ) 3 )

1.28 . 2 0.646667. 2 0.416667. 2

= ( + + )
. . .

0.216667 . 3 (103 )
= ( )
(200)(109 )(70)(106 )(1012 )

= 0. 000015476

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 25

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EJERCICIO N 13
Determine la pendiente en el nudo B. Determine tambin la deflexin en D. EI es
constante.

3 Tn.m
A B C D

DETERMINAMOS PENDIENTE EN B
Estructura real Estructura virtual
3 Tn.m 1 Tn.m
0 Tn A B C D 0 Tn A C D
B

0.273 Tn 0.091 Tn
0.273 Tn 0.091 Tn

= 0 + = 0 +
3 (11) = 0 1 (11) = 0
3 1
= =
- -
11 11
= 0.273 = 0.091

= 0 + = 0 +
0.273 = 0 0.091 = 0
= 0.273 + = 0.091 +

Corte 1 Est. Real Corte 1 Est. virtual

M1 m1
O O
0 Tn A 0 Tn A

0.273 Tn 0.091 Tn

0 = 0 0 = 0
1 (0.273)(1 ) = 0 1 (0.091)(1 ) = 0

1 = 0.273 1 1 = 0.091 1

Corte 2 Est. Real Corte 2 Est. virtual

M2 1 Tn.m m2
O O
0 Tn A B 0 Tn A
B

0.273 Tn 0.091 Tn

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0 = 0 0 = 0
2 (0.273)(6 + 2 ) = 0 2 (0.091)(6 + 2 ) + 1 = 0

2 = 0.273 2 + 1.638 2 = 0.091 2 0.454

M3 3 Tn.m m3
O O
C C

0 = 0 0 = 0
3 3 = 0 3 = 0

3 = 3

6 1 .1 5 2 .2 5 3 .3
= 0 + 0 + 0
. . .

6 (0.273.1 )(0.091.1 ) 5 (0.273 2 +1.638)(0.091 2 0.454) 5 (3)(0)

= 0 + 0 + 0
. . .

1 6 5
= (.) 0 (0.0248 1 2 ) + 0 (0.0248 2 2 0.124 2 + 0.149 2 0.744)

1 6 5
= (.) 0 (0.0248 1 2 ) + 0 (0.0248 2 2 + 0.025 2 0.744)

6 5
1 0.0248 3
0.0248 3
0.025 2
= ( )[ . 1 ] + [ . 2 + . 2 0.744. 2 ]
. 3 0 3 2 0

1 0.0248 0.0248 0.025

= ( )( . 63 ) + ( . 53 + . 52 0.744 5)
. 3 3 2

1
= (.) (1.786 2.374 )

0.588 . 2
= ( )
.

DETERMINAMOS DEFLEXION EN D
Estructura real Estructura virtual
1 Tn
3 Tn.m
0 Tn A B C D 0 Tn A B C D

0.273 Tn 1.455 Tn
0.273 Tn 1.455 Tn

= 0 + = 0 +
3 (11) = 0 (1)(16) (11) = 0
3 16
= =
= 0.273
11
- = 1.4545
11
-
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= 0 + = 0 +
0.273 = 0 1.455 = 0
= 0.273 + = 1.4545 +
Corte 1 Est. Real Corte 1 Est. virtual

M1 m1
O
0 Tn A 0 Tn A O

0.273 Tn 1.455 Tn

0 = 0+ +0 = 0
1 (0.273)(1 ) = 0 1 (1.4545)(1 ) = 0

1 = 0.273 1 1 = 1.4545 1

Corte 1 Est. Real Corte 1 Est. virtual

1 Tn
M2 3 Tn.m m2
O O
C C

0 = 0 0 = 0
3 2 = 0 (1)(2 ) 2 = 0

2 = 3 2 = 2

11 1 .1 5 2 .2
= 0 .
+ 0 .
11 (0.273 1 )(1.4545 1 ) 5 (3)( )
= 0 .
+ 0 . 2
1 11 5
= (. ) 0 (0.397 1 2 ) + 0 (3 2 )

11 5
1 0.397 3
= ( ) [ . 1 3 ] + [ . 2 2 ]
. 3 0 2 0

1 0.397 3
= ( ) ( . 113 ) + ( . 52 )
. 3 2

1
= (. ) (176.17 + 37.5 )

213.67 . 3
= ( )
.

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EJERCICIO N 14
Determine la deflexin en B y la pendiente en C. E I es constante.

2 Tn

A B C D

DEFLEXION EN C
Reacciones: Estructura Real Reacciones: Estructura virtual
2 Tn 1 Tn

A B C D A B C D

0.909 Tn 2.909 Tn 0.455 Tn 0.545 Tn

+
= 0 + = 0
(2)(16) (11) = 0 (1)(6) (11) = 0
32 6
= 11 = 11
= 2.909 - -
= 0.545

= 0 + + = 0

2 2.909 + = 0 1 0.545 = 0
= 0.909 + = 0.455 -

Corte 1 Est. Real Corte 1 Est. virtual

M1 m1
O O
A A

0.909 Tn 0.455 Tn

0 = 0 0 = 0
1 (0.909)(1 ) = 0 1 + (0.455)(1 ) = 0

1 = 0.909 1 1 = 0.455 1

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Corte 2 Est. Real Corte 2 Est. virtual

1 Tn
M2 m2
O O
A B C A B C

0.909 Tn 0.455 Tn

0 = 0 0 = 0
2 (0.909)(6 + 2 ) = 0 2 + (0.455)(6 + 2 ) (1)(2 ) = 0

2 = 5.454 + 0.909 2 2 = 2.73 + 0.545 2

Corte 3 Est. Real Corte 3 Est. virtual

2 Tn
M3 m3
O O
D D

0 = 0 0 = 0
3 + (2)(3 ) = 0 3 = 0

3 = 2 3

6 1 .1 5 2 .2 5 3 .3
= 0 .
+ 0 .
+ 0 .
6 5 5
(0.909 1 )(0.455 1 ) (5.454 + 0.909 2 )(2.73 + 0.545 2 ) (2 3 )(0)
= + +
0 . 0 . 0 .

6 (0.4136 2 ) 5 (14.889 + 2.972 2.482 2 + 0.495 2 2 )

1 2
= +
0 . 0 .
6 (0.4136 2 ) 5 (0.495 2 + 0.49 2 14.889)
1 2
= +
0 . 0 .
6 5
1 0.4136 3 0.495 3 0.49 2
= ( ) [ . 1 ] + [ . 2 + . 2 14.889. 2 ]
. 3 0 3 2 0

1 0.4136 3 0.495 3 0.49 2

= ( )( .6 )+ ( .5 + . 5 14.889 5)
. 3 3 2

1
= (. ) (29.779 47.695 )

77.474 . 3
= ( )
.
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PENDIENTE EN C
Reacciones: Estructura Real Reacciones: Estructura virtual
2 Tn 1 Tn.m

A C D A C D

0.909 Tn 2.909 Tn 0.091 Tn 0.091 Tn

= 0 + + = 0
(2)(16) (11) = 0 1 (11) = 0
32 1
= =
11
= 2.909 - 11
= 0.091 -
= 0 + + = 0

2 2.909 + = 0 0.091 + = 0
+
= 0.909 + = 0.455

Corte 1 Est. Real Corte 1 Est. virtual

M1 m1
O O
A A

0.909 Tn 0.091 Tn
0 = 0 0 = 0
1 (0.909)(1 ) = 0 1 (0.091)(1 ) = 0

1 = 0.909 1 1 = 0.091 1

Corte 2 Est. Real Corte 2 Est. virtual

2 Tn
M2 m2
O O
D
D

0 = 0 0 = 0
2 + (2)(2 ) = 0 2 = 0

2 = 2 3

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6 1 .1 5 2 .2
= 0 .
+ 0 .
6 5
(0.909 1 )(0.091 1 ) (2 3 )(0)
= +
0 . 0 .

6 (0.0827 2 )
1
=
0 .
6
1 0.0827
= ( ) [ . 1 3 ]
. 3 0

1 0.0827 3
= ( ) ( .6 )
. 3

1
= (. ) (29.779 47.695 )

5.956 . 2
= ( )
.

EJERCICIO N 15
Determine la deflexin en el centro C. E = 200 GPa e I = 75(106) mm4
2 Tn/m

C
A B

DEFLEXION EN C
Reacciones: Estructura Real Reacciones: Estructura virtual
2 Tn/m

1 Tn

C C
A B A B

5.333 Tn 5.667 Tn 0.455 Tn 0.545 Tn

= 0 + = 0 +
(11) + (5)(7.667) + (6)(4) = 0 (11) + (1)(6) = 0
62.333 6
= 11 = 11
= 5.667 - = 0.545 -
Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 32
MECNICA DE MATERIALES ll FILIAL AREQUIPA

= 0 + = 0 +
11 5.667 = 0 1 0.545 = 0
= 5.333 - -
= 0.455

Corte 1 Est. Real Corte 1 Est. virtual

m1
M1 O
O
A
A
0.455 Tn
5.333 Tn 2Tn/m
Wy
2
= = 0.333 1
1 6

0 = 0 0 = 0
0.333 1 1
1 + (5.333)(1 ) ( 1 ) ( 1 ) = 0 1 + (0.455)(1 ) = 0
2 3

1 = 5.333 1 + 0.055 1 3 1 = 0.455 1

Corte 2 Est. Real Corte 2 Est. virtual

M2
O m2
O

A
A

5.667 Tn 0.545 Tn
2Tn/m
2 Wy
1
= 5
= 0.4 2

0 = 0 0 = 0
0.4 1
2 (5.667)(2 ) + ( 2 2 2 ) (3 2 ) = 0 2 (0.545)(2 ) = 0

2 = 5.667 2 + 0.533 2 3 2 = 0.545 2

6 . 5 .
1 1 2 2
= +
0 . 0 .
6
(5.333 1 + 0.055 1 3 )(0.455 1 ) 5
(5.667 2 + 0.533 2 3 )(0.545 2 )
= +
0 . 0 .
6 5
1
= ( ) (2.4265 1 2 0.025 1 4 ) + (3.089 1 2 0.291 1 4 )
. 0 0

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6 5
1 2.4265 3 0.025 5 3.089 3 0.291 5
= ( ) [ . 1 . 1 ] + [ . 2 . 2 ]
. 3 5 0 3 5 0

1 2.4265 3 0.025 5 3.089 3 0.291 5

= ( ) ( .6 .6 )+ ( .5 .5 )
. 3 5 3 5
1
= ( ) (135.828 53.167)
.
82.661 . 3
= ( )
.

103
(82.661 . 3 ) ( )
1
=
1 4
((75 106 4 ) ( 3 ) ) (200 109 2 )
( 10 )

(82.661 103 . 3 )
= ( )

(200 109 2 ) (75 106 4 )

(82.661 103 )
= ( )
(15000 103 )

= 5.511 103

= 0.005

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EJERCICIO N 16
Determine la pendiente y la deflexin en c. EI

Estructura real Estructura virtual

0 = 0 + 0 = 0 + 0 = 0 +
1 + 1(/2) = 0 1 + 0 = 0 1 + 1() = 0

1 = /2 1 = 0 1 =

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0 = 0 + 0 = 0 + 0 = 0 +

2 + 2 ( ) + 1(4)(2) = 0 2 + = 0 2 + 1(4) = 0
2

2 = 2 8 2 = 1 = 4

Vertical
4 1 .1 4 2 .2
= 0 + + 0
. .

4 4
(2 /2)(0) (2 8)()
= 1 + 2
0 . 0 .
128
=
.
= 0.000188534

Horizontal
4 1 .1 4 2 .2
= 0 + 0
. .

4 4
(2 /2)() (2 8)(4)
= 1 + 2
0 . 0 .
245.333
=
.
= 0.00036156

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EJERCICIO N 17
Determine la deflexin vertical en C. EI esta al final del ejercicio
Estructura real Estructura virtual

1 = 0 +
1 + 31 = 0
1 = 31

1 = 0 +
1 = 0

2 = 0 +
2 + 3(4) = 0
2 = 0 +
2 + 1(2 ) = 0
2 = 12
2 = 2
4 4 2 .2
= 0 + 0 .

4 (3)(0) 4 (12)(2)
= 0 1 + 0 2
. .

96
= ( . )

= 0.0000012 m

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EJERCICIO N 18
Determine la deflexin l en el soporte A. EI est en la parte final
Estructura real Estructura virtual

= 0 +
= 0 + 1 7 = 0
(7) + 1 (4) = 0
= 0.143
= 0.571

= 0 + = 0 +
+
0.571 + 1 = 0 = 0.143
= 0.421

1 = 0 +
1 1 = 0
1 = 0 +
1 = 1
1 = 0

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2 = 0 +
2 0.4292 = 0
2 = 0.4292 2 = 0 +
2 + 1 0.143 = 0
2 = 0.143 1

3 = 0 +
3 = 3 0.429(4)-0.429x3
3 = 0.5713 1.714
4 = 0
4 0.143(7) + 1 = 0
4 = 0.001 3 = 0 +
3 + 1 0.143(4) 0.143 = 0
3 = 0.143 0.428

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4 = 0 +
4 1(3) + 0.429(7) = 0 4 = 0
4 = 0.003 4 0.143(7) + 1 = 0
4 = 0.001

4 1 .1 4 2 .2 3 3 .3 2 4 .4
= 0 1 + 0 2 + 0 3 + 0 4
. . . .

4 (0)(1) 4 (0.429)(0.1431) 3 (0.5711.714)(0.1430.428)

= 0 1 + 0 2 + 0 3 +
. . .
2 (0.003)(0.001)
0 4
.

2.123 0.733 0.000012

= 0 +
. . .

= 0 0.000000278 + 0.000000096 + 0

= -0.000000182 m

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EJERCICIO N 19
Determine la deflexin vertical en el soporte de balancn en D. EI es constante.

Estructura real Estructura virtual

1.5 Tn A B
A B RAx
RAx

RAy
RAy

1 Tn
D D C
C
RDx
RDx

= 0 + = 0
(1.5)(8) (4) = 0 (4) =
= 3 = 0
+

= 0 +
+

= 0
3 = 0 1 = 0 +
= 3 = 1
+

= 0 + 1 Tn

1.5 = 0 + D

0
m1
= 1.5

M1
D
3 1 = 0 +
0
1 1(1 ) = 0
1 = (1 )
1 = 0 + m2
1 = 0 0

0
M2

1 Tn
D C

D
C
3

2 = 0 + 2 = 0 +
2 3(2 ) = 0 2 1(8) = 0
2 = 3(2 ) 1 = (8)

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1.5 Tn
B B
0

m3
0

M3
1 Tn
D D C
C
3

3 = 0 + 2 = 0 +
3 + 1.5(3 ) 3(4) = 0 2 1(8 3 ) = 0
3 = 1.5(3 ) + 12 1 = (8 3 )

8 1 .1 4 2 .2 8 3 .3
= 0 + 0 + 0
. . .

8 (0)(1 ) 4 (32 )(8) 8 (1.53 +12)(3 +8)

= 0 1 + 0 2 + 0 3
. . .

1 4 8
= (.) ((0 (242 )2 ) + (0 (1.53 2 243 96) 3 ))

4 8
1 242 2 1.53 3 243 2
= (.) ([ ] +[ 963 ] )
2 0 3 2 0

1 24(4)2 1.5(8)3 24(8)2

= (.) (( )+( 96(8)))
2 3 2

1088 .3
= ( )
.

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EJERCICIO N 20
Determine la deflexin horizontal en C. EI constante. A es un pasador, C un rodillo y B un nudo
rgido.
Estructura real Estructura virtual
3 Tn/m

C 1 Tn

B C B

RCy RCy

A A
RAx RAx

RAy RAy

= 0 + = 0 +
(12)(7.657) (9.657) = 0 (1)(5.657) + (9.657) = 0
+
+
= 9.515 = 0.586
+

= 0
+

= 0
= 0 + = 1

9.515 + 12 = 0 + = 0 +
= 2.485 = 0.586 +

0
M1 m1
0
.sen(45)

A A
1

2.485 .cos(45) 0.586 .cos(45)

1 = 0 + 1 = 0 +
1 + 2.485(1 cos(45)) = 0 1 1(1 sen 45) + 0.586(1 cos 45) = 0
1 = 1.757(1 ) 1 0.7071 + 0.4141 = 0
3 Tn/m
M2 1 = 0.2931
m2
B 0
B 0

A
A
1

2.485

2 = 0 +
0.586

2 = 0

2 + 2.485(5.657 + 2 ) 32 ( 2 ) = 0 2 1(5.657) + 0.586(5.657 + 2 ) = 0
2
2 5.657 + 3.315 + 0.5862 = 0
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32 2 2 = 0.5862 + 2.342
2 + 14.058 + 2.4852 2
=0
32 2
2 = + 2
2.4852 14.058

8 1 .1 4 2 .2
= 0 + 0
. .

32 2
8 (1.7571 )(0.2931 ) 4( 2.4852 14.058)(0.5862 +2.342)
2
= 0 1 + 0 2
. .

1 8 4 1.7582 3
= (.) ((0 (0.5151 2 )1 ) + (0 ( + 4.9692 2 + 2.4182
2
32.924) 2 ))
8 4
1 0.5151 3 1.7582 4 4.9692 3 2.4182 2
= (.) ([ ] + [ + + 32.9242 ] )
3 0 8 3 2 0

1 0.515(8)3 1.758(4)4 4.969(4)3 2.418(4)2

= (.) (( ) + ( + + 32.924(4)))
3 8 3 2

150.496 . 3
= ( )
.

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EJERCICIO N 21
Determine el desplazamiento vertical en C. EI constante. A es un pasador, E un rodillo y B,C,D un
nudo rgido.
Estructura real Estructura virtual

1.5 Tn 1 Tn

B C C
D B D

RAx A E RAx A E

RAy REy
RAy REy

1 1 1 1
1 = tan1 (8) 2 = tan1 (4) 1 = tan1 (8) 2 = tan1 (4)
1 = 7.125 2 = 14.036 1 = 7.125 2 = 14.036

= 0 + = 0 +
(1.5)(8) (12) = 0 (1)(8) (12) = 0
+ +
= 1 = 0.667
+

= 0 = 0

= 0 + = 0 +
1 + 1.5 = 0 + 0.667 + 1 = 0 +
= 0.5 = 0.333
M1 m1
0 0
.

A A

0.5 0.333

1 = 0 + 1 = 0 +
1 = 0 1 = 0

B
0 M2 B
0 m2
.cos(7.125)
.cos(7.125)

A
A

0.5

2 = 0 + +
0.333

2 = 0
2 + 0.5(2 (7.125)) = 0 2 + 0.333(2 (7.125)) = 0
2 = 0.4962 2 = 0.332

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1.5 Tn 1 Tn

B C B C
0 0

.cos(14.036) .cos(14.036)

M3 m3
A A

0.5 0.333

3 = 0 + 3 = 0 +
3 + 0.5(8 + 3 (14.036)) 3 + 0.333(8 + 3 (14.036))
1.5(3 (14.036)) = 0 1(3 (14.036)) = 0
3 + 4 + 0.4853 1.4553 = 0 3 + 2.664 + 0.3233 0.973 = 0
3 = 0.973 4 3 = 0.6473 2.664
1.5 Tn 1 Tn

C B C
B D D

m4
0

M4
0
A
A

0.333
0.5

4 = 0 + 4 = 0 +
4 + 0.5(12) 1.5(4) = 0 4 + 0.333(12) 1(4) = 0
4 = 0 4 = 0

4 1 .1 8.06 2 .2 4.12 3 .3 4 4 .4
= 0 + 0 + 0 + 0
. . . .

4 (0)(0) 8.06 (0.4962 )(0.332 ) 4.12 (0.973 4)(0.6473 2.664) 4 (0)(0)

= 0 + 0 + 0 + 0
. . . .

1 8.06 4.12
= ( ) (0 (0.1642 2 ) + 0 (0.6283 2 2.5843 2.5883 + 10.656))

1 8.06 4.12
= ( ) (0 (0.1642 2 ) + 0 (0.6283 2 5.1723 + 10.656))

8.06 4.12
1 0.1642 3 0.6283 3 5.1723 2
= (.) ([ ] +[ + 10.6563 ] )
3 0 3 2 0

1 0.164(8.06)3 0.628(4.12)3 5.172(4.12)2

= (.) (( )+( + 10.656(4.12)))
3 3 2

43.27 . 3
= ( )
.

Mecnica de Materiales ll Trabajo Virtual en Vigas y Prticos V SEMESTRE 46