NAME : SITI NURSALMA AZZAHRA

CLASS : 4C

STUDENTS NO : 14222010

Chapter 7, page : 64,65,66

A question that is often asked is, "Can one be both a translator and an interpreter?" As
stated earlier, no translator can interpret without having had proper training. Although both
professions are language related, they are two distinct professions. Interprete :cs, on the other
hand, are normally quali-fied to do translations, especially if translation was part of their
training, which is usually the case. In fact, all interpreters should expect to have to survive on
translation work for a while, until they can earn a decent living through inter-pretation alone.
In the U.S., freelance conference interpreters usually work a maximum of 100 days per
year. This figure is considerably lower on the West Coast. Many graduates from training
programs even have to accept jobs in totally unrelated fields for a while, in order to survive and
pay back student loans. In these cases it is very important that they not lose the professional
skills that have been so painfully acquired.
Internships are normally not available, although there are two exceptions for conference
interpreters:
The European Communities has its own training program. The admission requirements
are at least a Master's degree in a field other than languages and the passing of a highly
selective aptitude test. If accepted, candidates receive a salaiy during the training period and
are.then integrated into the ranks of staff interpreters upon passing another test (usually after
six months).
The United Nations, both in Geneva and in New York, also offers a six-month training
program for conference interpreters, but only for candidates with language combinations for
which there is anopening. This is at present the case for candi- dates with Spanish as a native
language. All applicants must have been previously trained in a university translation and
interpretation program.
Interpreters who become international civil servants eventually earn quite handsome
salaries, but these positions are rare and highly coveted. Only the very best will be accepted.
One field that offers increasing job oppor-tunities is that of court interpreting. Testing
procedures have been federally regulated for federal courts, as well as by a number of states,
for state, county, and municipal courts. Information on this career is available from the state
court system or the local court interpreters' associations.
In summary, persons interested in career opportunities in translation and interpretation
should explore the following sources:

University training programs

Professional associations
Translation agencies
International organizations
Government agencies
Private corporations engaged in inter-national trade
 Foreign chambers of commerce

Professional associations should be contacted for information on rates and fees.

I would like to point out in closing this chap-ter that we seem to be in a period of transition.
On the one hand, the demand for language personnel is increasing; on the other hand, there
seems to be an oversupply of candidates. However, at least one-third of the translators and
interpreters who are now employed will drop out of the professional ranks over the next ten
years or so. ,So, although the job market is extremely tight right now, our profession appears to
have a good future, even for newcomers, who will eventually replace those who are presently
engaged in the profession.