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7) Dimensiones y pesos:
8) Servicios requeridos:
2 13 3
1 = = 0.3311 = 3.311 104
6.04 1000
2 13 3
2 = = 0.3413 = 3.413 104
5.86 1000
2 13 3
3 = = 0.2770 = 2.77 104
7.22 1000
2 13 3
4 = = 0.2519 = 2.519 104
7.94 1000
2 13 3
5 = = 0.2554 = 2.554 104
7.83 1000
2 13 3
6 = = 0.2227 = 2.227 104
8.98 1000
2 13 3
7 = = 0.2125 = 2.125 104
9.41 1000
2 13 3
8 = = 0.1852 = 1.852 104
10.80 1000
2 13 3
9 = = 0.1721 = 1.721 104
11.62 1000
2 13 3
10 = = 0.1730 = 1.73 104
11.56 1000
DETERMINACION DEL CAUDAL TEORICO ( Qt )EN EL VENTURIMETRO.
2(1 2 )
Qt = A 2 x 2
1(2 )
1
h1 = 0.382m h2 = 0.329m
2(9.81)(0.3820.329)
Qt1 = (3.14104 ) 3.14 x 104 2
1(8.04 x 104)
3
Qt1 = 0.00032 = 0.32
h1 = 0.379m h2 = 0.325m
2(9.81)(0.3790.325)
Qt2 = (3.14104 ) 3.14 x 104 2
1(8.04 x 104)
3
Qt2 = 0.000323 = 0.323
h1 = 0.363m h2 = 0.318m
2(9.81)(0.3630.318)
Qt3 = (3.14104 ) 3.14 x 104 2
1(8.04 x 104)
3
Qt3 = 0.000295 = 0.295
h1 = 0.349m h2 = 0.309m
2(9.81)(0.3490.309)
Qt4 = (3.14104 ) 3.14 x 104 2
1( )
8.04 x 104
3
Qt4 = 0.000278 = 0.278
h1 = 0.337m h2 = 0.301m
2(9.81)(0.3370.301)
Qt5 = (3.14104 ) 3.14 x 104 2
1(8.04 x 104)
3
Qt5 = 0.000264 = 0.264
h1 = 0.324m h2 = 0.293m
2(9.81)(0.3240.293)
Qt6 = (3.14104 ) 3.14 x 104 2
1(8.04 x 104)
3
Qt6 = 0.000245 = 0.245
h1 = 0.309m h2 = 0.282m
2(9.81)(0.3090.282)
Qt7 = (3.14104 ) 3.14 x 104 2
1( )
8.04 x 104
3
Qt7 = 0.000229 = 0.229
h1 = 0.299m h2 = 0.278m
2(9.81)(0.2990.278)
Qt8 = (3.14104 ) 3.14 x 104 2
1( )
8.04 x 104
3
Qt8 = 0.000202 = 0.202
h1 = 0.285m h2 = 0.277m
2(9.81)(0.2850.277)
Qt9 = (3.14104 ) 3.14 x 104 2
1(8.04 x 104)
3
Qt9 = 0.000124 = 0.124
h1 = 0.277m h2 = 0.262m
2(9.81)(0.2770.262)
Qt10 = (3.14104 ) 3.14 x 104 2
1(8.04 x 104)
3
Qt10 = 0.000170 = 0.170
ERROR DE MEDIDA DE FLUJO (e) EMPLEANDO EL VENTURIMETRO
e = Q r Qt
3 3
e1 = 3.311 104 0.00032 = 0.000011 = 0.011
3 3
e2 = 3.413 104 0.000323 = 0.000018 = 0.018
3 3
e3 = 2.77 104 0.000295 = 0.000018 = 0.018
3 3
e4 = 2.519 104 0.000278 = 0.000026 = 0.026
3 3
e5 = 2.554 104 0.000264 = 0.0000086 = 0.0086
3 3
e6 = 2.227 104 0.000245 = 0.0000223 = 0.0223
3 3
e7 = 2.125 104 0.000229 = 0.0000165 = 0.0165
3 3
e8 = 1.852 104 0.000202 = 0.0000168 = 0.0168
3 3
e9 = 1.721 104 0.000124 = 0.0000481 = 0.0481
3 3
e10 = 1.73 104 0.000170 = 0.000003 = 0.003
CLCULOS DE PRDIDA DE CARGA EN EL VENTURMETRO.
1 = 382 3 = 374
1 = 379 3 = 368
1 = 363 3 = 355
1 = 349 3 = 341
1 = 337 3 = 329
1 = 324 3 = 318
1 = 309 3 = 304
1 = 299 3 = 294
1 = 285 3 = 288
1 = 277 3 = 273
0.3311 0.2227
1 = = 1.035 6 = = 0.909
0.32 0.245
0.3413 0.2125
2 = = 1.057 7 = = 0.928
0.323 0.229
0.2770 0.1852
3 = = 0.939 8 = = 0.917
0.295 0.202
0.2519 0.1721
4 = = 0.906 9 = = 1.388
0.278 0.124
0.2554 0.1730
5 = = 0.967 10 = = 1.018
0.264 0.170
Ve2/2g EN EL VENTURIMETRO:
2 2
= , : = 2
1 2 1 2
2 2
2 1 (3.311104 ) 2 6 (2.227104)
= 2 = 0.0086 = 2 = 0.0039
2 (8.04104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (8.04104) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 2 (3.413104 ) 2 7 (2.125104 )
= 2 = 0.0092 = 2 = 0.0036
2 (8.04104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (8.04104) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 3 (2.77104 ) 2 8 (1.852104)
= 2 = 0.0060 = 2 = 0.0027
2 (8.04104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (8.04104) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 4 (2.519104 ) 2 9 (1.721104)
= 2 = 0.0050 = 2 = 0.0023
2 (8.04104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (8.04104 ) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 5 (2.554104 ) 2 10 (1.73104)
= 2 = 0.0051 = 2 = 0.0024
2 (8.04104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (8.04104) 2(9.81)
Vs2/2g EN EL VENTURIMETRO:
2 2
= , : = 2
2 2 2 2
2 2
2 1 (3.311104) 2 6 (2.227104 )
= 2 = 0.057 = 2 = 0.026
2 (3.14104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (3.14104) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 2 (3.413104) 2 7 (2.125104)
= 2 = 0.060 = 2 = 0.023
2 (3.14104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (3.14104 ) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 3 (2.77104 ) 2 8 (1.852104)
= 2 = 0.039 = 2 = 0.018
2 (3.14104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (3.14104) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 4 (2.519104) 2 9 (1.721104)
= 2 = 0.033 = 2 = 0.015
2 (3.14104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (3.14104) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 5 (2.554104) 2 10 (1.73104)
= 2 = 0.034 = 2 = 0.015
2 (3.14104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (3.14104) 2(9.81)
2 13 3
1 = = 0.3311 = 3.311 104
6.04 1000
2 13 3
2 = = 0.3413 = 3.413 104
5.86 1000
2 13 3
3 = = 0.2770 = 2.77 104
7.22 1000
2 13 3
4 = = 0.2519 = 2.519 104
7.94 1000
2 13 3
5 = = 0.2554 = 2.554 104
7.83 1000
2 13 3
6 = = 0.2227 = 2.227 104
8.98 1000
2 13 3
7 = = 0.2125 = 2.125 104
9.41 1000
2 13 3
8 = = 0.1852 = 1.852 104
10.80 1000
2 13 3
9 = = 0.1721 = 1.721 104
11.62 1000
2 13 3
10 = = 0.1730 = 1.73 104
11.56 1000
2(6 7 )
Qt = A 7 x 2
1( 7 )
6
h6 = 0.139m h7 = 0.025m
2(9.81)(0.1390.025)
Qt1 = (2.83104 ) 2.83 x 104 2
1(9.62 x 104)
3
Qt1 = 0.00042 = 0.42
h6 = 0.138m h7 = 0.033m
2(9.81)(0.1380.033)
Qt2 = (2.83104 ) 2.83 x 104 2
1( )
9.62 x 104
3
Qt2 = 0.00041 = 0.41
h6 = 0.134m h7 = 0.039m
2(9.81)(0.1340.039)
Qt3 = (2.83104 ) 2.83 x 104 2
1( )
9.62 x 104
3
Qt3 = 0.00028 = 0.283
h6 = 0.126m h7 = 0.045m
2(9.81)(0.1260.045)
Qt4 = (2.83104 ) 2.83 x 104 2
1(9.62 x 104)
3
Qt4 = 0.00036 = 0.36
h6 = 0.123m h7 = 0.054m
2(9.81)(0.1230.054)
Qt5 = (2.83104 ) 2.83 x 104 2
1( )
9.62 x 104
3
Qt5 = 0.00033 = 0.33
h6 = 0.117m h7 = 0.056m
2(9.81)(0.1170.056)
Qt6 = (2.83104 ) 2.83 x 104 2
1(9.62 x 104)
3
Qt6 = 0.00031 = 0.31
h6 = 0.109m h7 = 0.06m
2(9.81)(0.1090.06)
Qt7 = (2.83104 ) 2.83 x 104 2
1( )
9.62 x 104
3
Qt7 = 0.00028 = 0.28
h6 = 0.106m h7 = 0.058m
2(9.81)(0.1060.058)
Qt8 = (2.83104 ) 2.83 x 104 2
1(9.62 x 104)
3
Qt8 = 0.00027 = 0.27
h6 = 0.099m h7 = 0.064m
2(9.81)(0.0990.064)
Qt9 = (2.83104 ) 2.83 x 104 2
1(9.62 x 104)
3
Qt9 = 0.00023 = 0.23
h6 = 0.093m h7 = 0.062m
2(9.81)(0.0930.062)
Qt10 = (2.83104 ) 2.83 x 104 2
1( )
9.62 x 104
3
Qt10 = 0.00022 = 0.22
ERROR DE MEDIDA DE FLUJO ( e ) EN LA PLACA ORIFICIO:
e = Q r Qt
3
e1 = 3.311 104 0.00042 = 0.000089 = 0.089
3
e2 = 3.413 104 0.00041 = 0.000069 = 0.069
3
e3 = 2.77 104 0.00028 = 0.000003 = 0.003
3
e4 = 2.519 104 0.00036 = 0.00011 = 0.11
3
e5 = 2.554 104 0.00033 = 0.000075 = 0.075
3
e6 = 2.227 104 0.00031 = 0.000087 = 0.087
3
e7 = 2.125 104 0.00028 = 0.000068 = 0.068
3
e8 = 1.852 104 0.00027 = 0.000085 = 0.085
3
e9 = 1.721 104 0.00023 = 0.000058 = 0.058
3
e10 = 1.73 104 0.00022 = 0.000047 = 0.047
6 = 139 8 = 80
1 = 6 8 = 139 80 = 59 = 0.059
6 = 138 8 = 81
2 = 6 8 = 138 81 = 57 = 0.057
PRDIDA DE CARGA NMERO 3 EN LA PLACA DEL ORIFICIO.
6 = 134 8 = 82
3 = 6 8 = 134 82 = 52 = 0.052
6 = 126 8 = 83
4 = 6 8 = 126 83 = 43 = 0.043
6 = 123 8 = 87
5 = 6 8 = 123 87 = 36 = 0.036
6 = 117 8 = 82
6 = 6 8 = 117 82 = 35 = 0.035
6 = 109 8 = 83
7 = 6 8 = 109 83 = 26 = 0.026
6 = 106 5 = 79
8 = 6 8 = 106 79 = 27 = 0.027
6 = 99 8 = 79
9 = 6 8 = 99 79 = 20 = 0.02
6 = 93 8 = 76
10 = 6 8 = 93 76 = 17 = 0.017
COEFICIENTE DE DESCARGA EN LA PLACA ORIFICIO (Cd)
0.3311 0.2227
1 = = 0.7883 6 = = 0.7184
0.42 0.31
0.3413 0.2125
2 = = 0.8324 7 = = 0.7589
0.41 0.28
0.2770 0.1852
3 = = 0.9788 8 = = 0.6859
0.283 0.27
0.2519 0.1721
4 = = 0.7174 9 = = 0.7482
0.36 0.23
0.2554 0.1730
5 = = 0.7739 10 = = 0.7864
0.33 0.22
2 2
2 1 (3.311104 ) 2 6 (2.227104 )
= 2 = 0.0060 = 2 = 0.0027
2 (9.62104) 2(9.81) 2 (9.62104 ) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 2 (3.413104 ) 2 7 (2.125104)
= 2 = 0.0064 = 2 = 0.0024
2 (9.62104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (9.62104) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 3 (2.77104 ) 2 8 (1.852104 )
= 2 = 0.0042 = 2 = 0.0019
2 (9.62104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (9.62104) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 4 (2.519104 ) 2 9 (1.721104 )
= 2 = 0.0035 = 2 = 0.0016
2 (9.62104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (9.62104 ) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 5 (2.554104 ) 2 10 (1.73104 )
= 2 = 0.0036 = 2 = 0.0016
2 (9.62104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (9.62104 ) 2(9.81)
2 2
= , : = 2
7 2 7 2
2 2
2 1 (3.311104) 2 6 (2.227104 )
= 2 = 0.070 = 2 = 0.032
2 (2.83104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (2.83104 ) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 2 (3.413104) 2 7 (2.125104 )
= 2 = 0.074 = 2 = 0.029
2 (2.83104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (2.83104 ) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 3 (2.77104 ) 2 8 (1.852104 )
= 2 = 0.049 = 2 = 0.022
2 (2.83104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (2.83104 ) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 4 (2.519104) 2 9 (1.721104)
= 2 = 0.040 = 2 = 0.019
2 (2.83104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (2.83104) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 5 (2.554104) 2 10 (1.73104 )
= 2 = 0.042 = 2 = 0.019
2 (2.83104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (2.83104 ) 2(9.81)
CALCULO DEL CAUDAL REAL (Qr) EN EL MEDIDOR DE AREA VARIABLE.
2 13 3
1 = = 0.3311 = 3.311 104
6.04 1000
2 13 3
2 = = 0.3413 = 3.413 104
5.86 1000
2 13 3
3 = = 0.2770 = 2.77 104
7.22 1000
2 13 3
4 = = 0.2519 = 2.519 104
7.94 1000
2 13 3
5 = = 0.2554 = 2.554 104
7.83 1000
2 13 3
6 = = 0.2227 = 2.227 104
8.98 1000
2 13 3
7 = = 0.2125 = 2.125 104
9.41 1000
2 13 3
8 = = 0.1852 = 1.852 104
10.80 1000
2 13 3
9 = = 0.1721 = 1.721 104
11.62 1000
2 13 3
10 = = 0.1730 = 1.73 104
11.56 1000
CALCULO CAUDAL ( Qt ) EN EL MEDIDOR DE AREA VARIABLE.
e = Q r Qt
4 = 375 5 = 146
4 = 367 5 = 144
4 = 359 5 = 140
4 = 342 5 = 133
4 = 330 5 = 129
4 = 319 5 = 121
4 = 305 5 = 114
4 = 295 5 = 107
4 = 282 5 = 101
4 = 272 5 = 94
10 = 4 5 = 272 94 = 178
0.3311 0.2227
1 = = 0.994 6 = = 1.028
0.333 0.2167
0.3413
2 = = 1.069
0.3194
0.2770 0.1852
3 = = 0.898 8 = = 0.889
0.3083 0.2083
0.2519 0.1721
4 = = 0.898 9 = = 0.953
0.2806 0.1806
0.2554 0.1730
5 = = 1.022 10 = = 1.038
0.250 0.1667
Ve2/2g EN EL MEDIDOR AREA VARIABLE:
2 2
= , : = 2
1 2 1 2
2 2
2 1 (3.311104 ) 2 6 (2.227104)
= 2 = 0.0086 = 2 = 0.0039
2 (8.04104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (8.04104) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 2 (3.413104 ) 2 7 (2.125104 )
= 2 = 0.0092 = 2 = 0.0036
2 (8.04104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (8.04104) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 3 (2.77104 ) 2 8 (1.852104)
= 2 = 0.0060 = 2 = 0.0027
2 (8.04104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (8.04104) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 4 (2.519104 ) 2 9 (1.721104)
= 2 = 0.0050 = 2 = 0.0023
2 (8.04104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (8.04104 ) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 5 (2.554104 ) 2 10 (1.73104)
= 2 = 0.0051 = 2 = 0.0024
2 (8.04104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (8.04104) 2(9.81)
2 2
= , : = 2
7 2 7 2
2 2
2 1 (3.311104) 2 6 (2.227104 )
= 2 = 0.070 = 2 = 0.032
2 (2.83104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (2.83104 ) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 2 (3.413104) 2 7 (2.125104 )
= 2 = 0.074 = 2 = 0.029
2 (2.83104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (2.83104 ) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 3 (2.77104 ) 2 8 (1.852104 )
= 2 = 0.049 = 2 = 0.022
2 (2.83104 ) 2(9.81) 2 (2.83104 ) 2(9.81)
2 2
2 4 (2.519104 ) 2 9 (1.721104 )
= (2.83104)2 = 0.040 = (2.83104)2 = 0.019
2 2(9.81) 2 2(9.81)
2 5 (2.554 104 )2
= = 0.042
2 (2.83 104 )2 2(9.81)
Venturimetro
Lectura No.
Qr(l/s) Qt(l/s) e(l/s) Cd hp(m.c.a) Ve2/2g (m) Vs2/2g (m)
1 0.33 0.32 -0.01 1.04 0.008 0.009 0.06
2 0.34 0.32 -0.02 1.06 0.011 0.009 0.06
3 0.28 0.30 -0.02 0.94 0.008 0.006 0.04
4 0.25 0.28 -0.03 0.91 0.008 0.005 0.03
5 0.26 0.26 -0.01 0.97 0.008 0.005 0.03
6 0.22 0.25 -0.02 0.91 0.006 0.004 0.03
7 0.21 0.23 -0.02 0.93 0.005 0.004 0.02
8 0.18 0.20 -0.02 0.92 0.005 0.003 0.02
9 0.17 0.18 -0.05 1.39 0.003 0.002 0.02
10 0.17 0.17 -0.00 1.02 0.004 0.002 0.02
Venturmetro
Comparacion de Caudales
0.40
0.35 0.34 0.33
0.30 0.30 0.31 0.31
0.29 0.28
0.27 0.26 0.27
0.25 0.26 0.26
0.24 0.23 0.23
0.20 0.21
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Qr(l/s) Qt(l/s)
Comparacion de caudales
0.80 0.72 0.71 0.70 0.70 0.69 0.68 0.67 0.67
0.70
0.60
0.50
0.40 0.30 0.29 0.27 0.26 0.26 0.24 0.23
0.30 0.21
0.20
0.10
0.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Qr(l/s) Qt(l/s)
Placa de orificio
Comparacion de Caudales
0.45
0.40 0.41 0.40
0.38 0.37
0.35 0.35
0.30 0.30 0.30 0.32
0.29 0.30
0.27 0.26
0.25 0.26
0.24 0.23
0.20 0.21
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Qr(l/s) Qt(l/s)
Venturmetro
K vs Qt(l/s)
0.40
0.35
0.30
0.25
0.20
0.15
0.10
0.05
0.00
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
Medidor de area variable
Qt vs K
12.00
10.00
8.00
6.00
4.00
2.00
0.00
0.66 0.67 0.68 0.69 0.70 0.71 0.72
Placa de orificio
K vs Qt(l/s)
0.45
0.4
0.35
0.3
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
Venturmetro
K vs Ve2/2g (m)
0.05
0.05
0.04
0.04
0.03
0.03
0.02
0.02
0.01
0.01
0.00
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.000
0.000 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 12.000
Placa de orificio
K vs Ve2/2g (m)
0.07
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
Los resultados de perdida de presin afectan a las grficas mostrando una lnea
totalmente desigual excepto en el medidor de rea variable el cual tuvo datos en
disminucin en todo momento mostrando que a medida que la velocidad disminua
la perdida de presin resultaba mayor.
Venturmetro
K vs Vs2/2g (m)
0.07
0.06
0.05
0.04
0.03
0.02
0.01
0.00
0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
Medidor de rea variable
Vs2/2g (m)
0.041
0.040
0.039
0.038
0.037
0.036
0.035
0.034
0.000 2.000 4.000 6.000 8.000 10.000 12.000
Placa de orificio
K vs Vs2/2g (m)
0.12
0.10
0.08
0.06
0.04
0.02
0.00
0.00 0.50 1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50
De igual manera que las grficas anteriores estos datos son muy variables en
cuanto a la prdida de presin se refiere, por tanto, notamos que la perdida de
energa en si es totalmente independiente a la velocidad.
6. Grafique la perdida de energa versus la carga de energa cintica de la
entrada de cada aparato. Analice.
Venturmetro
K vs hp(m.c.a)
0.010
0.009
0.008
0.007
0.006
0.005
0.004
0.003
0.002
0.001
0.000
0.000 0.050 0.100 0.150 0.200 0.250 0.300 0.350
0.225
0.22
0.215
0.21
0.205
0.2
0.195
0.19
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00
Placa de orificio
K vs hp(m.c.a)
0.050
0.045
0.040
0.035
0.030
0.025
0.020
0.015
0.010
0.005
0.000
0.000 0.500 1.000 1.500 2.000 2.500
Desventajas
Principio de funcionamiento