SUMMER INTERNSHIP

REPORT
 Summer Internship Report

On

Structural Design of an Educational Building in Zone III using STAAD.PRO

with Detailing

&

Erection of Pre Engineered Building Shed

at

Under the Guidance of

Mr. Anil Kumar Singh
(Chief of Infra& Projects, Tata Power)
Submitted to:

HR Tata Power SED

Submitted by:

Priyanshu Varshney, Int(B.Tech+M.Tech/MBA) III yr, CE

Gautam Buddha University

Gautam Budhh Nagar, U.P

Start Date of Internship: 1st June 2017

End Date of Internship: 12th July 2017

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
It is often said that life is a mixture of achievements, failures,
experiences, exposures and efforts to make your dream come true.
There are people around you who help you realize your dream. I acquire
this opportunity with much pleasure to acknowledge the invaluable
assistance of TATA POWER SED and all the people who have helped me
through the course of my journey in successful completion of this
project.
First &foremost, I would like to thank Mr. AK Singh, chief of Infra &
Projects of Tata Power SED for granting me to do my internship under
the banner of such highly reputed company and guiding me for
designing.
I would like to convey my heartiest thanks to Mr. Arvind Gupta,
Structural Engineer &MD of Arvind Gupta consultant to allow me to do
training at their office and clearing my all the doubts .

I would also like to express my deep gratitude towards Mr. Rohit Kakkar
& Mr. Sandeep Banka and other staff members for their guidance at
Tata Power SED Faridabad site.
And finally I would like to thank HR of Tata Power SED for their regular
guidance through all the official procedures necessary for this
Internship.
Thank You all for being there always for me.
Regards

Priyanshu Varshney

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 ABSTRACT
The first week of Internship period was spent on revising the
basic concept of SOM (strength of mechanics), RCC (reinforced
cement concrete), and Steel Structure and was introduced to
various IS codes and civil handbook like SP 34(handbook for
concrete), SP 16 (design aid for RCC)& getting handy on analysis
software STAAD PRO and drafting software AutoCAD . To get
better acquainted with the design techniques, various
components of building like foundation, column, and slab were
designed manually.
After getting well versed with all the basics of software and
design techniques, the project of designing CNP school at
Hariharpur (U.P) was started .It started with planning of frame
of structure on the basis of architectural drawing, then modeling
and analyzing the frame on the STAAD PRO software and then
design of components of structure reached to drafting it on
AutoCAD software.
The successful completion of the project after debugging all the
errors and warning took about three weeks.
The last two weeks were spent on the site to understanding the
execution process of the designed structure, in reality and
various techniques and different machines utilized to get it on
ground and design consideration from the perspective of site
engineers.

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

CHAPTER DESCRIPTION PAGE

NO. NO.

1 INTRODUCTION 5
1.1Introduction to Design & Construction 5
1.2Objective 7
1.3About the Company 8

2 DETAILED PROJECT REPORT: DESIGN 12

2.1 STAAD PRO 12
2.2 AUTOCAD 13
2.3 Statement of the Project 14
2.4 Planning 16
2.5 Modeling & Analysis 18
2.6 Foundation 23
2.7 Beams and Columns
26
2.8 Slab
31

3 DETAILED PROJECT REPORT : CONSTRUCTION 34

3.1 Site Location & Other Details 34
3.2 Work in Progress on Site 34
3.3 New Findings 36

4 CONCLUSION 37

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 Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction to Design & Construction
With the advancement in the living condition of the
human and emerging knowledge in the scientific and
technological field, it requires different types of
infrastructure & buildings to fulfill its all basic need such as
residential, education, health, sports and other. Thus all
these require passing through a construction process but
before construction the most important thing is planning
and design to justify the judicious use of resource and
prevention from unnecessary wastage i.e. for sustainable
and economic development.
Thus, Building design refers to the broadly based
architectural, engineering and technical applications to
the design of buildings for cost, time, build ability,
durability, function and aesthetics without compromising
the safety and sustainability. Anyone can design in any
form, shape but following certain norms that are the
conclusion of large number of experiments conducted in
past and in present time also that helps by reducing
unnecessary calculations and all.

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Architects and structural engineer are both responsible for
designing the building but both work on different aspects
of the building, architect mainly concerned with the look,
form of the building whereas the sole person who is
responsible for making architects vision reality. He deals
with the structural component of the building such as steel
requirement, grade of concrete, size of column, beam, slab
etc.
The next process following this is the construction of the
designed building in real time which is only drawn on the
paper, here comes the need for site engineer. Daily new
techniques are being developed for the construction of
houses economically, quickly and fulfilling the
requirements of the community engineers, the site
engineer should well aware of the all the new technology
developed and in the line of developing.
A building frame consists of number of bays and storey. A
multi-storey, multi-paneled frame is a complicated
statically intermediate structure. The design is made using
software on structural analysis design (staad-pro). The
building subjected to both the vertical loads as well as
horizontal loads. The vertical load consists of dead load of
structural components such as beams, columns, slabs etc
and live loads. The horizontal load consists of the wind

6
 forces thus building is designed for dead load, live load and
wind load as per IS 875. The building is designed as two
dimensional vertical frame and analyzed for the maximum
and minimum bending moments and shear forces by trial
and error methods as per IS 456-2000. The help is taken by
software available in institute and the computations of
loads, moments and shear forces and obtained from this
software.
Stages in structural design: The process of structural
design involves the following stages:
1. Structural planning
2. Action of forces and computation of loads
3. Method of analysis
4. Member design
5. Detailing, drawing and preparation of schedules

1.2 Objective
The principle objective of this project is to analyze and
design a multi-storied building using STAAD.Pro. The
design involves load calculations manually and analyzing
the whole structure by STAAD Pro and designing the
components of Building.

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 Approach for professional practice in the field of
structural engineering.
To understanding the execution on site and what are
design concern from the point of view of site engineer.

1.3 About the Company

Energy is the key aspect for all the activities that are taking
place in the universe whether it be formation of new
Galaxy, twinkling of Stars or existence of humans on Earth
and in this chain, basics needs of human existences are
food, clothings & shelter, which are also the form of
energy. From times immemorial man has been making
efforts in improving their standard of living by regularly
consuming the energy in any form or matter. Electricity is
one of the forms of energy that becomes the basic need of
human in the 21st century. Tata Power is one such
company which fulfilling all the requirement of energy
since 1910 in India.
Tata Power SED is the subsidiary of Tata Power.

8
Centre for Excellence
The firm's Strategic Engineering Division (SED) has
engaged in defence systems and engineering for over four
decades. It works with the MoD and laboratories to
provide products and solutions for the defence
requirements of the country. It has already cleared the
Joint Receipt Inspection (JRI) for the first two lots of Pinaka
launchers and command posts; the third and fourth lots
have successfully undergone factory acceptance tests. Tata
Power's Strategic Electronics Division won a tightly
contested Rs. 1,000-crore contract for modernizing 30
Indian Air Force airbases.
Vision
To be the most admired Indian Strategic Systems &
Engineering Company with Globally recognized
competencies.
Mission
Engineer strategic system for substantive self-reliance by
harnessing our multi-disciplinary capabilities to create
value for all stakeholder and partners.

Tata Power SED footprint

9
Contemporary Warfare

Quality: A way of life

The Process & Quality Systems implemented in Tata Power
SED are:
ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004, AS:9100, CEMILAC &
CMMI Level 5 through an Integrated Management
System (IMS) deployed to integrate the design,
manufacturing and support processes for meeting the
applicable standards for the three Defence Services on
Quality, Production, Documentation and Training
Inspection standards of DGQA, DQAN, MSQAA, DGAQA,
DOD 2167A and MIL STD 498
Information Security Management System - ISO / IEC
27001:2005
Documentation standard of JSS 0251

10
 Traceability of every single hardware and software
component throughout the Life cycle is ensured by a
network support system for Configuration Management
and Integrated ERP.

11
 Chapter 2
DETAILED PROJECT REPORT: DESIGN
2.1 What is STAAD.PRO?

STAAD or (STAAD.Pro) is a structural analysis and design

computer program originally developed by Research Engineers
International at Yorba Linda, CA in 1997. In late 2005, Research
Engineers International was bought by Bentley Systems.

The design methods used in STAAD.Pro analysis are Limit State

Design conforming to Indian Standard Code of Practice.
STAAD.Pro features a state-of-the-art user interface,
visualization tools, powerful analysis and design engines with
advanced finite element and dynamic analysis capabilities.
From model generation, analysis and design to visualization and
result verification, STAAD.Pro is the professionals choice.
STAAD.Pro has a very interactive user interface which allows
the users to draw the frame and input the load values and

12
dimensions. Then according to the specified criteria assigned it
analyses the structure and designs the members with
reinforcement details for RCC frames.

Analysis and design tool

GUI based modeling

Input file/Output file

Results as per Indian & other standards

Report generation

2.2 What is AutoCad?

AutoCAD is powerful software licensed by auto desk. The word

auto came from Autodesk Company and cad stands for
computer aided design. AutoCAD is used for drawing different
layouts, details, plans, elevations, sections and different
sections can be shown in auto cad. It is very useful software for
civil, mechanical and also electrical engineer. The importance of
this software makes every engineer a compulsion to learn this

13
softwares. We used AutoCAD for drawing the plan, elevation of
a residential building. We also used AutoCAD to show the
reinforcement details and design details of a stair case.
AutoCAD is a very easy software to learn and much user
friendly for anyone to handle and can be learn quickly Learning
of certain commands is required to draw in AutoCAD.

2.3 Statement of Project

A school is to be constructed at Hariharpur, Sant Kabir Nagar
District, Uttar Pradesh in two phases.
Salient features:

o Utility of the Building : Educational

o No of Stories : G+2
o Type of Construction : RCC Framed
o Type of Wall : Brick Wall
o Zone of the Region : III
o SBC : 150 KN/m3

Geometric Details:

o Area : 920 sq.M

o Area constructed in 1stPhase : 175 sq.M
o Floor to floor Height :3M
o Depth of Foundation :2M

Materials:

o Concrete of Grade : M25

o Steel : Fe 500 & Fe 415

14
Architectural Drawing (By Shiban Ganju Associates)
Typical Plan

Elevation

15
2.4 Planning
It is the precursor of modelling and analysis of any RCC
framed structure. In this part a rough sketch is drawn over
the architectural drawing depicting the various component
that can be designed by the structural engineer.
It also involved the thought on forces that will be imposed
over the structure and their calculations.
Planning for Phase 1 construction

Initial Assumption of sizes of Beams & Columns:

Column size : 450mm x 450mm
Outer Beams : 230mm x 450mm
Inner Beams : 300mm x 600mm

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Slab thickness : 175mm
Loads
Different loads that are consider while designing:

Self-weight
Earthquake
Dead load
Wall Load
Live load

Load Calculations
Dead load= Slab load + Floor Finishing Load = 5.5 KN/m2

Slab load = .175(m) * 25(KN/m3)

Floor finishing Load = 1.125 KN/m2

Wall Load = 15KN/m

Live Load = 1.5 KN/m2

Load Combinations
LOAD COMB 1 DL + WL + LL
LOAD COMB 2 EQX + DL + WL+LLS
LOAD COMB 3 -EQX + DL + WL+LLS
LOAD COMB 4 EQZ + DL + WL+LLS
LOAD COMB 5 -EQZ + DL + WL+LLS
LOAD COMB 6 (1.5 (DL + WL + LL))
LOAD COMB 7 (1.2 (EQX + DL + WL+LLS))
LOAD COMB 8 (1.2 (-EQX + DL + WL+LLS))
LOAD COMB 9 (1.2 (EQZ + DL + WL+LLS))
LOAD COMB 10 (1.2 (-EQZ + DL + WL+LLS))
LOAD COMB 11 (1.5 (EQX + DL + WL))
LOAD COMB 12 (1.5 (-EQX + DL + WL))
LOAD COMB 13 (1.5 (EQZ + DL + WL))
LOAD COMB 14 (1.5 (-EQZ + DL + WL))

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2.5 Modelling and Analysis
A RCC frame is made on the STAAD.PRO software by connecting
beams and columns and providing suitable sizes and define a
material. And then imposing loads and their combination which
will then analyse and if any error or warning interrupts then
they are resolved by increasing their sizes or doing any other
changes in the material or adding any more component of
structure.

Modelling

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3D MODEL

Coloumn and Beam Sizes

19
LOAD CASE DETAIL
20
Analysis
Analysis of the structure means to determination of the internal forces
like axial compression bending moment, shear force etc. in the
component member for which the member are to be designed under
the action of given external load.

21
Support reactions

22
 2.6 Foundation
Foundations are structural elements that transfer loads from
the building or individual column to the earth .If these loads are
to be properly transmitted, foundations must be designed to
prevent excessive settlement or rotation, to minimize
differential settlement and to provide adequate safety against
sliding and overturning.

In the design of this building, combined foundation is provided

which then tied by a beam to other combined foundation.

Combined foundation
Whenever two or more columns in a straight line are carried on a single
spread footing, it is called a combined footing. Isolated footings for
each column are generally the economical.

Combined footings are provided only when it is absolutely necessary, as

1. When two columns are close together, causing overlap of adjacent

isolated footings
2. Where soil bearing capacity is low, causing overlap of adjacent isolated
footings
3. Proximity of building line or existing building or sewer, adjacent to a
building column.
Design Step
Step 1: Locate the resultant of loads 'R'. ...
Step 2 : Determine the total area of footing. ...
Step 3 : Determine Factored Upward Pressure. ...

23
 Step 4: Draw Factored Shear Force Diagram & Bending Moment
Diagram. ...
Step 5: Draw Factored Bending Moment Diagram.
Foundation Plan

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25
2.7 Beams & Columns
The next part of designing is the superstructure frame which is
composed of Beams (transverse member) & Columns
(longitudinal member), whose size is finalized by using the
STAAD PRO and on that basis the percentage of reinforcement
is calculated. Now a days the software named as Decaplot is
largely used to calculate reinforcement and on that basis we
provide number of bars in the cross section kept in mind some
fixed sets of rules of ductile detailing in SP34.

Column

A column may be defined as an element used primary to

support axial compressive loads and with a height of a least
three times its lateral dimension. The strength of column
depends upon the strength of materials, shape and size of cross
section, length and degree of proportional and dedicational
restrains at its ends.

By using the Decaplot we get following result shown in the

figure.

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 Firstly we divide the columns in different group depending
upon the reinforcement, approximate equal.
Then we calculate number of bars to be provided.
Let us take an example:-
Consider the column marked as J14
Max reinforcement depicted is 52 cm2
Dimension of the columns is 450 mm x 450 mm

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 Max number of bars can be provided = 12
Area of single bar = 55/12= 4.583
Thus we provide bar of Diameter= 25mm @ 115 mmc/c

Figure of column schedule

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Figure of cross-section of columns

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Beam
A beam is a structural element that primarily
resists loads applied laterally to the beam's axis. Its mode
of deflection is primarily by bending. The loads applied to
the beam result in reaction forces at the beam's support
points. The total effect of all the forces acting on the beam
is to produce shear forces and bending moments within
the beam, that in turn induce internal stresses, strains and
deflections of the beam.

According to the Reinforcement, we again determine the

number of bar we can provide in top and bottom.

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2.8 Slab
Slabs are most widely used structural elements forming
floor and roof of building. Slab support mainly transverse
load and transfer them to supports by bending actions more
or one directions.
On the basis of spanning direction: It is two type one way
slabs and two way slab.
One way slab: When the slab is supported on two opposite
side parallel edges, it spans only in the directions
perpendicular to the supporting edges. It bends in one
directions and main steel is provided in the directions of the
span. Such a slab is known as one- way slab.
Design steps:
a) Effective depth (d): As per IS: 456-2000, P.37,
Cl.23.2.1 l/d= 20* M.F.
b) Effective span: (IS 456-2000, P 34)
c) Reinforcement requirements Minimum
reinforcement: (As per IS: 456-2000, P.48,
Cl.26.5.2.1) For Fe-250 pt. = 0.15% of total c/s
area (b*D)
For Fe-415& for Fe-500 pt. = 0.12% of total c/s
area
d) Check for cracking: (as per IS: 456-2000, P.46)
e) Check for deflection: Allowable l/d= 20* M.F.
Find Actual l/d

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f) Checking for development length (Ld): (as per IS:
456-2000, P.44, Cl.26.2.3.3 (c)) Ld should be 1.3
M 1/ v + Lo
One way continuous slab:
In case of large halls, auditoriums, marriage halls, etc.
the length is divided into equal bays by providing
beams perpendicular to length. The slab provided over
such area is called one way continuous slab.
Design steps:
-2000,
P.36.

D.L. and L.L. are calculated separately.

moment will be produced at the top of intermediate

supports. Thus, negative reinforcement is provided
over intermediate supports.

table-12 is multiplied by wl2.

table-13 is multiplied by wl.

end support. Therefore, slab must be checked for shear

at this support.

locations of maximum positive B.M.

32
 the end support.
Framing Plan

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 Chapter 3
Detailed Project Report-Construction Site
3.1 Site Location & other detail
Tata Power SED constructing an infrastructure at plot number
916, sec 68 IMT Faridabad, Haryana.

The construction at proposed site consist of construction of

Visitor Block, MAFI (Modernization of Airfield Infrastructure)
Block, R&D Block, and Pre Engineered building shed.

Visitor, MAFI and R&D block are RCC framed structure, which is
designed by Gautam & Gautam Associates and structural
consultant is BMSF and whereas Pre-engineered shed is
designed by Everest pvt ltd.

Both MAFI and R&D block is B+G+5 storey structure.

Concrete Mix:-
M40 for Column
M30 for Beams & Slab.

Steel use:-
Fe 500 for main Reinforcement.

3.2 Work in Progress on Site

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At MAFI block, the shuttering, Deshuttering and Placing of
Reinforcing steel was going on.

Shuttering is also known as formwork which is defined as load

bearing temporary structure which is formed in order provide
temporary support to cast any component of framed structure.
Materials used for shuttering:
Pipes
Channels
Runner
Plates

Plywood of 12mm
Batten
Tie rods

R&D block work was halted.

Pre Engineered Building Shed

Pre-engineered steel buildings (PEB) are a steel structures built

over a structural concept of primary members, secondary
members, roof and wall sheeting connected to each other and
various other building components.

At site, Erection of Columns was going on.

Dimension of shed: - 50842mm x 31242mm x 21000mm

Number of columns: - 16

Reaction on RCC beam over which shed erect: -

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 Dead load = 26 KN
Live load = 50 KN

Machine used:
Boom Lifter
Mobile Crane
Hydra

Instruments used:
Torsion wrench
DEE Shackle
Wire rope

Bolts used: High strength hexagonal Black bolts

3.3 New Findings

Inverted Beam: - Technically speaking, in inverted beams the top
reinforcement is heavier than bottom reinforcement as the top
reinforcement is in tension & bottom reinforcement is in compression,
however, in the standard beam the loading conditions are the contrary.

36
 Chapter 4
Conclusion
It was a wonderful learning experience at TATA POWER
SED. As an undergraduate of the Gautam Buddha
University, I would like to say that this training program is
an excellent opportunity for me to get to the ground level
and experience the things that we would have never
gained through going straight into a job. I am grateful for
giving this invaluable opportunity.
The main objective of this industrial training is to get an
opportunity to identify, observe and practice how
engineering is applicable in the real industry. It is not only
to get experience on technical practices but also to
observe management practices and to interact with on
field workers. It is easy to work with sophisticated
machines, but not with people. The only chance that an
undergraduate has to have this experience is the industrial
training period. I feel I got the maximum out of that
experience. Also I learnt the way of work in an
organization, the importance of being punctual, the
importance of maximum commitment, and the
importance of team spirit. The training program having
two destinations was a lot more useful than staying at one
place throughout the whole six weeks. In my opinion, I
have gained lots of knowledge and experience needed to

37
be successful in a great engineering challenge, as in my
opinion, Engineering is after all a Challenge, and not a Job.
I hope this experience will surely help me in my future and
also in shaping my career.

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