Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Anzhela Zakharchuk
Assistant of Architecture Department, S.Seifullin Kazakh Agrotechnical University, Kazakhstan, Astana,
e-mail: montii@bk.ru
The usage of forming principles of wild life got the new quality and received aname of architectural and bionic process and
became one of the trends of architecture in the world architectural practice for the last 40 years. Bionics is an innovative
architectural style that took all the best from nature: relief outlines and forms. It can be called architecture of future and its aim
is synthesis of nature and modern technologies.
Keywords and phrases: architectural bionics, bionic style, forms of wildlife, organic architecture, synthesis of nature and
technology.
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Bionics in architecture
architecture is an area of functionalism. One of the from within to outside (such development that directs
main ideologists F.L. Wright said about it: organic the similar ones on the way of forming of systems that
architecture is architecture from within to outside are typical for all the wild world) is very interesting
which ideal is integrity. We dont use aword organic andbionic.
in the meaning of belonging to the vegetable world or The specific feature of the modern stage of learning
fauna of shapes of wild nature in architecture is that now there
Wright believed that architecture had to be developed are learnt not only wild nature formalities but there are
integral satisfying all the human vital functions, taking formed close bonds between the laws of development of
into account these vital functions but not balancing wild nature and architecture. Nowadays architects dont
them with abstract architectural forms. And practically, use the outer forms of wild nature but they use the
all the seamlessness of such architecture (at least features and characteristics of a form which can be an
inWrights works) was turned into the establishment of expression of functions of this or that organism that are
the external constraint of architectural forms with the similar to functional and utilitarian sides of architecture.
local landscape and also the usage of local building By analyzing the historical experience of projecting and
materials for the purpose of keeping of the national building of different architectural objects in the Republic
coloring of architectural constructions. Thereby of Kazakhstan and also in the countries of the near and
anorganic direction in architecture wasnt referred to far abroad one should notice that an important moment
bionic. But the very idea of architecture development that acted its part in architects and designers appeal to
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Anzhela Zakharchuk
Fig. 3. Architectors-bionists.
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Bionics in architecture
the wild nature was putting to use the spatial constructive proportions, golden section and the absolute beauty, the
systems which are profitable from the economical point result of education.
of view but very difficult from the mathematical point In the bionic structure due to the ever-changing
of view. The structural forms of nature were prototypes balance of interaction between desires and possibilities
of these systems in many cases. Such forms began to be of space a person experiences a sense of movement in
successfully used in different typological fields of peace and quiet in the movement space. The slightest
architecture, in construction of large-span and high-rise movement shifts the balance of power, thereby changing
buildings, in creating of quickly transforming the perception of space. Continuity and change in the
constructions. The usage of constructive systems of symmetry and asymmetry, is protected by privacy and
nature made apath to the other trends of architectural wide open there is a delicate balance. Note that in
bionic. First its connected with the natural means of motion, and rest is always asense of balance.
isolation which can be used in organizing of the In essence, bionics, as an architectural style that aims
favorable microclimate for aman in buildings and also to create aspatial environment that would stimulate all
in cities. One should underline that architectural bionic the feel exactly the function of buildings, for which the
not only decides functional questions of architecture but latter is intended. In bionic bedroom house is abedroom,
opens the prospects in searching of a function and an living room living room, kitchen the kitchen.
aesthetic form of architecture synthesis, and it teaches
the architects to think using synthetic forms and systems.
References
Abionic style means synthesis of natural forms and high
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space, one of the most important criteria of modern
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ambivalence. On the one hand, it was organic, as [4] Lunacharsky, A. V. Futurists... Coll. cit., v. 5, Moscow,
followed by the laws of nature, on the other hand an 1965.
artificial, as consistent with the ideals bequeathed by [5] Bowra, C. M. The creative experiment, L., 1949.
Euclid. The organic trend in the development of [6] Markov, V. A. Russian futurism: ahistory, L., 1969.
architecture can be safely called educated art, and [7] Marteka, V. Bionics, trans. from English, Moscow, 1967.
[8] Krayzmer, L. P., and V. P. Sovichko. Bionics, 2nd ed.,
rational fine art. The organic architecture, determine
Moscow, 1968.
the forms that are not based on geometry. They are [9] Lebedew, J. S. Architektur und Bionik. Varlag MIR,
dynamic, irregular, occurring as aresult of contact with Moskau; VEB Verlag fur Bauwesen, Berlin, 1983.
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