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66
Materials and methods:
selected for the analysis were given bellow: S1-Durgi (Bore Well),
sterilized bottles using the standard procedure for grab (or) catch
TDS etc., were carried out as per the methods described in APHA
the calculation of water Quality index (WQI) .The indices are among
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the most effective ways to communicate the information on water
of water. Mostly it is done from the point of view of its suitability for
human consumption.
oxygen etc.,
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Wn = k/sn.
k = proportionality constant.
The unit weight (wn) values in the present study are taken from
WQI = .
n n
qn wn / wn
n 1 n 1
0-25 . .Excellent
26-50 Good
51-75 Bad
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Results and discussion:
Temperature :
in water, reduces the solubility of gases and amplifies the tastes and
Electrical conductivity
displeasing colour, taste and odour. The values obtained are in the
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Total Dissolve Solids:
TDS values ranged within 420 to 709mg/lt. The TDS values for
Dissolved Oxygen(DO):
Alkalinity :
Hardness :
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and sulphates. The hardness values of the present study were found
Chloride:
Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) BOD & COD are the parameters
Both of the parameters (BOD & COD) values obtained in the present
Sulphate:
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Nitrate:
described earlier. The water quality index values are given in Table
However the WQI values (38.3 42.6) calculated for the different
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Table 1
Parameter S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
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Table 2
Parameter S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
75
Table 3
Parameter S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
(mmhos)
76
Table 4
Parameter S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
(mmhos)
77
Table 5
Parameter S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
(mmhos)
78
Table 6
Parameter S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
(mmhos)
79
Table 7
Water Quality Index of Well & Bore Well Waters of Guntur rural Date 11-02-2010
pH 7.74 0.07164 6.7567 7.034 6.8678 7.21016 7.2195 7.2195 6.988 7.1455
TDS 500 0.00100 0.1124 0.1418 0.084 0.1256 0.0936 0.097 0.105 0.1152
TH 200 0.00167 0.4442 0.2626 0.1840 0.2881 0.1941 0.3195 0.35087 0.2944
BOD 5 0.10030 2.608 1.003 2.4072 1.6048 1.4042 1.6048 2.8084 2.4072
Chloride 250 0.00200 0.05936 0.07 0.0986 0.09304 0.0752 0.09256 0.1072 0.1308
Total Alkalinity 120 0.00417 0.0447 0.05421 0.037 0.04587 0.05636 0.04253 0.05234 0.03997
NO3 45 0.01111 0.03471 0.0474 0.052587 0.0555 0.04438 0.04074 0.04567 0.053081
COD 20 0.02507 0.65182 0.60163 0.65182 0.664 0.7521 0.6142 0.7772 0.72703
Sulphate 200 0.007418 0.04896 0.03579 0.04637 0.06862 0.03245 0.040242 0.064982 0.060086
Iron 0.3 1.6666 1.11066 1.666 2.22132 1.11066 1.666 1.666 2.22132 nd
wn ---- ---- 1.98487 ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- ----
qn ---- ---- 21.50051 19.94345 22.6807 19.29035 20.96589 20.1621 22.7479 19.5993
WQI ---- ---- 42.6757 39.587 45..01824 38.2889 41.6146 40.0191 45.1518 38.9020
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Variation of Temperature
28.5
28 Temperature 0C Dec'09
Temperature 0C Feb'10
27
Temperature 0C Mar'10
26.5 Temperature 0C Apr'10
26 Temperature 0C May'10
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
Variation of pH
8.2
8
pH Dec'09
7.8
7.6 pH Jan'10
mmhos
7.4 pH Feb'10
7.2
pH March'10
7
pH April'10
6.8
6.6 pH May'10
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
1
Electrical conductivity Mar'10
81
Variation of Total Dissolved Solids
800
700
600 TDS Dec'09
500 TDS Jan'10
mg/lit
Variation of TSS
90
80
70 TssDec'09
60
TSS Jan'10
mg/lit
50
TSS Feb'10
40
30 TSS Mar'10
20 TSS Feb'10
10 TSSMay'10
0
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
500
Hardness Dec'09
400
Hardness Jan'10
mg/lit
82
Variation of Calcium
200
180
160
Calcium Dec'09
140
120 Calcium Jan'10
mg/lit
100 CalciumFeb'10
80
Calcium Mar'10
60
40 Calcium Apr'10
20 Calcium May'10
0
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
Variation of Magnesium
100
80 Magnesium Dec'09
Magnesium Jan'10
60
mg/lit
Magnesium Feb'10
40
Magnesium Mar'10
20
Magnesium April'10
0 Magnesium May'10
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
Variation of Chloride
180
160
140
Chloride Dec'09
120
Chloride Jan'10
100
mg/lit
Chloride Feb'10
80
Chloride Mar'10
60
40 Chloride Apr'10
20 Chloride May'10
0
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
83
Variation of Dissolved Oxygen
6
5
DO Dec'09
4
DO Jan'10
mg/lit
3 DO Feb'10
2 DO Mar'10
DO Apr'10
1
DO May'10
0
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
Variation of Sulphate
200
Sulphate Dec'09
150
Sulphate Jan'10
mg/lit
84
`` ```
Variation of Alkalinity
200
180
160
140 Alkalinity Dec'09
120 Alkalinity Jan'10
mg/lit
100 Alkalinity Feb'10
80 Alkalinity Mar'10
60
Alkalinity Apr'10
40
Alkalinity May'10
20
0
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
Variation of Nitrate
2.5
2
Nitrate dec'09
1.5 Nitrate Jan'10
mg/lit
Nitrate Feb'10
1 Nitrate Mar'10
Nitrate Apr'10
0.5
Nitrate May'10
0
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
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Variation of Chemical Oxygen Demand
7
6
COD Dec'09
5
COD Jan'10
mg/lit 4
COD Feb'10
3
COD Mar'10
2
COD Apr'10
1
COD May'10
0
S1 S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 S7 S8
Variation of Iron
0.006
0.005
Iron Dec'09
0.004
Iron Jan'10
mg/lit
86