INDUSTRIALTRANINGPROJECTREPORT ON

SINGLESECTIONDIGITALAXLECOUNTER
IN

CENTRALELECTRONICSLIMITED
Submittedinpartialfulfillmentfortheawardofthedegree
IN

(ECE)
NetajiSubhasInstituteOfTechnology,
Dwarka,NewDelhi

SUBMITTEDTO COMPILEDBY
Mr.P.C.AWASTHI AasthaGupta,BTech
GM(SPD)(ELECTRONICS&COMM.ENGG.)

UNDERTHESUPERVISIONOF
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I am highly thankful to Mr. P.C. AWASTHI (General Manager) & Mr.

A.R.DAS (Sr. Technical Manager) for providing me the opportunity to

undergo the practical training in the Systems Production Division

(SPD) of Central Electronics Limited.He guided me from time to time

and gave me dynamic ideas and suggestions by which I am able to
completemytrainingsuccessfully.

I am also thankful to manager of various departments (SPD, SPV, MED,

ECD) who during rotation guided me about the works & processing that
werebeingdoneintheirdepartment.

I am also thankful to all those employees of CEL who classified my

doubts & confusion during rotation in the firm. I am thankful to the
Administrator & Welfare (Dept.) of the firm for providing me the facility
of canteen & transport. It was a great satisfying experience having
worked in such a professional organization where the process of
learningisneverending.

I also want to thank all the visible and non-visible hands, which helped
metocompletethepracticaltrainingwithgreatsuccess.

NAME:AasthaGupta,BTech
(ELECTRONICS&COMM.ENGG.)
NetajiSubhasInstituteOfTechnology,
Dwarka,NewDelhi

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that Aastha Gupta Of Netaji Subhas Institute Of

Technology has undergone industrial training at CENTRAL ELECTRONICS

LIMITED (CEL); 4, Industrial Area, Sahibabad, Ghaziabad, (U.P.) in

SYSTEMSPRODUCTIONDIVISION(SPD)

Sheisdedicatedtoherwork.Herconductandperformanceisgood.

Iwishthemallthesuccessinherfuture.

Mr.A.R.DAS
Sr.Tech.Manager(SPD/Q.C)

CENTRALELECTRONICSLIMITED
INTRODUCTION:-

Central Electronics Limited is a public sector Enterprise under the

Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR), Ministry of Science &
Technology, Government of India. It was established in 1974 with an objective
to commercially exploit the indigenous technologies developed by national
laboratories and R & D Institutions in the country. CEL is one of the rare
companies which utilized the homegrown technologies during all these years
ofitsexistence

CEL has developed a number of products for the first time in the country
through its own R&D efforts and in close association with the premier
National & International laboratories including Defense laboratories. In
recognition of all these efforts, CEL has been awarded a number of times with
prestigiousawardsincludingNATIONALAWARDforR&DbyDSIR.

CEL is pioneer in the country in the field of Solar Photovoltaic (SPV) and it has
developed state of the art technology with its own R&D efforts. Its solar
products have been qualified to International Standards EC503/IEC1215
bytheEuropeanCommission,jointResearchcenter,andISPRA,ITALY.

CEL, pioneer in the field of Railways Safety & Signaling, has been identified as
a major indigenous agency for design an development of modern electronic
signaling and safety equipment by Indian Railways. The equipment
manufactured in CEL finds extreme usage in Railways in the form of Axle
Counter, Axle Counter Block System and Train Approach Warning devices.
CELs Digital Axle Counter is approved as per European CENELEC safety level
SIL-4 by RDSO(Research Design and Standard Organization of Indian
Railways )as an approved source in part-1 for various railway safety and
signalingequipmentsformorethan25years.
CELhasdevelopedanumberofcriticalcomponentsforstrategicapplication andis
supplyingtheseitemstoDefense.

BriefHistoryoftheCompany

And CollaboratingAgency

Central Electronics Ltd. is a public sector enterprise, under the

administrativecontroloftheDeptt.OfScientific&IndustrialResearch.

CEL is a pioneer in the field of solar Photovoltaic in the country and is

today ranked among the first few in the world in this area of activity.
CEL is also credited with many firsts in the country, professional Ferrites
beingoneofthem.

CEL is presently engaged in the development, production and sale of

selected electronic components (Professional Ferrites, Electronics
Ceramics and Phase Shifters), selected electronic systems, solar
photovoltaic cells, modules and SPV systems and to take up engineering
development & production based on indigenous technology developed
through in house efforts or know how from National Laboratories /
Institutions.

The Operations of the company are divided into three Business

Groups. Solar Photovoltaic Group (SPVG), Systems Group (SG) and
ComponentsGroup(CG).
ORGANIZATIONSTRUCTURE

The organization chart of the company indicating

the responsibility, authority an interrelation of all
personnels who manage, perform and verify work
affectingqualityisshowninorganizationchartbelow
CP/HRD
-Corporate
Planning&HumanResourceDevelopment
MMD
-
MaterialManagementDivision
FAD
-Finance
&AccountDivision
R&D
-
Research&Development
SPVG
-
SolarPhotoVoltaicGroup
MED
-
MicrowaveElectronicsDivision
PFD
-
ProfessionalFerriteDivision
CPProject
-
CathodicProtectionProject
Rly.Project
-
RailwayProject
QC
-
QualityControl
PEG
-
ProductionEngineeringGroup
W/S
-
WorkShop
PPC
-
ProductionPlanningControl
DEPARTMENTSINCENTRALELECTRONICSLIMITED

1. STRATEGICELECTRONIC

RAILWAYSELECTRONICS

SINGLESECTIONDIGITALAXLECOUNTER

MULTISECTIONDIGITALAXLECOUNTER

TRAINACTUATEDWARNINGDEVICES

iv. UNIVERSALAXLECOUNTERS

MICROWAVEELECTRONICS

PHASESHIFTERS

2. SOLARPHOTOVOLTAIC

SOLARPHOTOVOLTAICCELLS

SOLARPHOTOVOLTAICMODULES

SOLARPHOTOVOLTAICSYSTEMS

APPLICATIONRURALS
APPLICATIONINDUSTRIALS

3. OTHERS
CATHODICPROTECTIONS

CERAMICS

SOLARPHOTOVOLTAICGROUP

SolarCells,ModulesandSPVSystem

Forruralapplication:-

Street/Domestic/community/lightningsystem.

Solarlanterns.

Villagepowerplants

Ruraltelecommunication

Forindustrialapplication:-

Offshoreoil/gasplatforms.

T.V.Transmitters.

ObstructionwarninglightsatAirports.

Railwaysignaling.

MicrowaveRepeaters
SOLARWATERPUMPINGSYSTEMS:

A Solar Photovoltaic Water Pumping System essentially consists of an

SPV panel or array directly powering a water pump. Water pumped during
the day can be storedinthestoragetanksforuseduringthenight.

CEL offers SPV Water Pumping Systems for both shallow as well as deep
well conditions. Such systems have been deployed all over the country.
The system has alsobeenexportedtomanydevelopingcountries.

The generated electricity from the SPV array is fed to the pump through a
switch. Normally low storage batteries are provided, as the water can be
stored in the storagetanksifrequired.

SPVArray

Aviewof100kWpGridInteractivePowerplantinstalled&commissionedbyCELatKalyanpur,
Aligarh,India
Features Applications
 Modularandhenceeasily Minorirrigation
fieldupgradeable DrinkingWaterforunelectrified
NoiseandPollution-Free villagesandremotelocations
operation Horticulture,Poultryfarming
Doesnotrequireanyfuel Silviculture,Fishculture
Usestheabundantly FarmHouse
availablesunlight WildLifeSanctuary
SimpletoInstall,operate& TouristResort maintain

Designedtogiveoptimum outputevenduringlow sunshineperiod

Minimaloperationand maintenancecost

MEDICALREFRIGERATION

SolarPoweredRefrigeratorPVModulesforthe

SolarPoweredRefrigerators

CELhasdevelopedrefrigerationsystemformedicalhealthcentreattheremote
villagesinIndiaandabroad.
RURALTELECOMMUNICATIONS
SPVsystempowersthetelephone systemforRuralapplicationasalsothe VHF
Transmitterwhichconnectstheruraltelephone withthenearbyDistrict Telephone
ExchangethroughsinglechannelVHFRadiolink.Thesystem comprisesSPVPanel,
chargecontroller&battery.
ThecomponentofthesolarpoweredSolarpoweredVHFruraltelecom
VHFruraltelecomsystemsystematKurukshetra,Haryana

SOLAR LANTERN is a versatile and reliable source of lighting. It

comprises a Lantern, Solar Photovoltaic ( SPV ) module and a connecting
cable. The SPV module when exposed to sunlight charges the battery in
the lantern. This stored energy in the battery is used to operate the lamp
when required. Solar Lantern consists of a 7W CFL ( light out put
equivalent to a 40W incandescent lamp) which can be used for 3 -4 hours
daily. The system comprises SPV Panel , lantern ( with maintenance free
lead acid battery) and a detachable connecting cord.

SOLARPHOTOVOLTAICLIGHTINGSYSTEMS:

CELs Solar Photovoltaic Lighting Systems are ideal sources for providing
indoor/outdoor illumination in remote and unelectrified settlements/
villages. The SPV Lighting System essentially consists of an SPV panel
battery, a charge controller and lights. The SPV panel converts the sunlight
incident on it directly to DC electricity that can be stored in the battery and
used to energize the lights when required. The charge controller prevents
the overcharging and deep discharge of thebattery.

SPVINDOORLIGHTINGSYSTEMS:

HomeLightingSystems
atHospitalinNamibia
2 or 4 nos . of 9W CFL
of high luminous efficiency (light output equivalent to
a 60W incandescent lamp)
with built - in inverter. The
system comprises
SPV
Panel,chargecontroller,storagebatteryandindoor
luminaries.

CEL SPV Community systems are suitable for powering lamps and a TV
set .
The system comprises
SPV panel , charge controller, storage battery and
indoorluminariesandapowerpointforTVset.

SPVOUTDOORLIGHTINGSYSTEMS:
These systems use a weatherproof 18-Watt or 20- Watt fluorescent tube
light fittings . Two models SLS - 03 and SLS-06 are available depending on
hours of operationinday.

CEL's SPV Street Lights in Muscat, Oman

Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFL) has the unique feature of switching

'ON' at dusk and 'OFF' at dawn automatically. The system comprises SPV
Panel, batteryandluminaryfittingsmountedsuitablyonapole.
INDUSTRIALAPPLICATIONS

VeryLowPowerTVTransmitterObstructionwarninglightatAirports

COMPONENTGROUP

A no. of products related to the ferrite, Ceramics & Microwave area are
manufactured using state of the art manufactured using state of the Art
Technologies to meet the requirements of communication, Defence,
Consumers&Industrialsectors.
AMICS
PiezoElectric

ELECTRONICCERAMICS
PiezoElectric
The major advantage of piezoelectric ceramic bodies is that they have a
high electrical to mechanical or vice versa conversion efficiency, which
makes it a versatilematerialforavarietyoftransducerapplications.
Piezo Electric Transducer (PZT) Elements for Ultrasonic cleaners,
Buzzers, Sonars,DefenseAmmunition,ElectronicPushButtonTelephones.

HIGHALUMINAPRODUCTS
HighTemperatureCrucibles,SpecialbearingsforHeavyWaterPlantsetc.
MICROWAVEELECTRONICS
MicrowaveModules
MicrowaveFerritePhaseShiftersforDefenseRadar. All the products in current
product portfolio of the company are the outcome of in-house development
efforts and know-how taken from National Labs/Institutions, CEL has entered into
technical

collaborations for ultra high efficiency single crystalline solar cells from University
of New South Wales, Australia and IMEC, Belgium for single crystalline solar
cells using screen printing technology for up gradation of its current process
technology.

INNOVATIVEELECTRONICSYSTEMS

On its 50 Acre Land just on the outskirts of New Delhi, CEL has modern facilities

in all its business groups. The Plant & Machinery installed are form leading
manufacturers around the world. The estimated value of Plant and Machinery
installedisoverUS$6million.
ConveyorBeltDiffusionFurnaceofBTU,
USAforn-dopingsiliconwaferswith
capacitytohandleupto3million
wafersinayear.
 PlasmaEtcherofMarch,USAforedge

separationofdiffusedsiliconwafers.

PassivationFurnaceof
Amtech-Tempress,Netherlandsfor
oxidationondiffusedsiliconwafers.

SolarCellTesterofAstroPower,USA andNew
Sun,Canadafor computerizedtestingand
sortingof

solarcells.
ScreenPrintersofDEK,Japanfor

metallizationofsilver,silver
AluminiumandAluminiumprintson
diffusedsiliconwafers.
SunSimulatorsofSpire,USAandNew
Sun,CanadaforsolarPhotovoltaic
modulestesting.

TYPOLICY
QUALI
CENTRAL ELECTRONICS LIMITED is committed to continuous
improvement in the quality of its products & services and meeting the
customer needs in time and everytime.

Qualityisourbasicbusinessprinciple.

QUALITYOBJECTIVES

On-timedeliveryofdefectfreeproducts

Providingeffectivecustomersupport
Continualimprovementofprocesses
Improvementofinfrastructure
Developmentofhumanresources

ACCREDITIONS

CEL's SPV modules conform to International Specifications - JPL block V

and European Solar Test Installation (ESTI) specification number CEI/ IEC
1215. Solar Energy Centre (SEC) of the Ministry of Non-Conventional
Energy Sources (MNES), Govt. of India and JRC-EC Ispra, Italy has
successfully tested our modules.