Assignment

ENGLISH PROSE

ANALYSE NOVEL
(Lord of The Rings BY J.R.R.Tolkien)

BY :

GROUP 8

FIKRI AMELIA PRATIWI (N1D2 16 022)

RIAN RISALDI (N1D2 16 062)

ZAHRINA AMELIA (N1A514166)

ENGLISH LITERATURE STUDY PROGRAM

FACULTY OF HUMANITIES

HALUOLEO UNIVERSITY

KENDARI

2017
 PREFACE

First of all, thanks to Allah SWT who has given His bless to the writer for finishing the
English paper assignment entitled ANALYSE NOVEL . Thanks to God also for helping us and
giving us chance to finish this assignment timely. This assignment we have completed to fulfill
the duty from one of our lecture namely English Prose.

We realize that this assignment is not perfect. But we hope it can be useful for us.
Critics and suggestion are needed here to make this assignment be better. Hopefully, we are as
students in English Literature exactly in Even Class can know about the English Modern novels
so much than before. Thank you.

October 03, 2017

Author
 Lord Of The Rings

By: John Ronald Reuel Tolkien

A. Biography of J.R.R.Tolkien

John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (3 January 1892 2 September 1973) was an

English writer, poet, philologist, and university professor who is best known as the
author of the classic high-fantasy works The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings, and The
Silmarillion.

He served as the Rawlinson and Bosworth Professor of Anglo-Saxon and

Fellow of Pembroke College, Oxford, from 1925 to 1945 and Merton Professor of
English Language and Literature and Fellow of Merton College, Oxford, from 1945
to 1959. He was at one time a close friend of C. S. Lewisthey were both members
of the informal literary discussion group known as the Inklings. Tolkien was
appointed a Commander of the Order of the British Empire by Queen Elizabeth II on
28 March 1972.

After Tolkien's death, his son Christopher published a series of works based
on his father's extensive notes and unpublished manuscripts, including The
Silmarillion. These, together with The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings, form a
connected body of tales, poems, fictional histories, invented languages, and literary
essays about a fantasy world called Arda and Middle-earth within it. Between 1951
and 1955, Tolkien applied the term legendarium to the larger part of these writings.

While many other authors had published works of fantasy before Tolkien,
the great success of The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings led directly to a popular
resurgence of the genre. This has caused Tolkien to be popularly identified as the
"father" of modern fantasy literature or, more precisely, of high fantasy. In 2008,
The Times ranked him sixth on a list of "The 50 greatest British writers since 1945".
Forbes ranked him the 5th top-earning "dead celebrity" in 2009.

B. Background of The Novel

The Lord of the Rings is an epic high fantasy novel written by English author
and scholar J. R. R. Tolkien. The story began as a sequel to Tolkien's 1937 fantasy
novel The Hobbit, but eventually developed into a much larger work. Written in
stages between 1937 and 1949, The Lord of the Rings is one of the best-selling
novels ever written, with over 150 million copies sold.

The title of the novel refers to the story's main antagonist, the Dark Lord
Sauron, who had in an earlier age created the One Ring to rule the other Rings of
Power as the ultimate weapon in his campaign to conquer and rule all of Middle-
earth. From quiet beginnings in the Shire, a hobbit land not unlike the English
countryside, the story ranges across Middle-earth, following the course of the War
of the Ring through the eyes of its characters, not only the hobbits Frodo Baggins,
Samwise "Sam" Gamgee, Meriadoc "Merry" Brandybuck and Peregrin "Pippin"
Took, but also the hobbits' chief allies and travelling companions: the Men Aragorn
son of Arathorn, a Ranger of the North, and Boromir, a Captain of Gondor; Gimli son
of Glin, a Dwarf warrior; Legolas Greenleaf, an Elven prince; and Gandalf, a Wizard.

The work was initially intended by Tolkien to be one volume of a two-

volume set, the other to be The Silmarillion, but this idea was dismissed by his
publisher. For economic reasons, The Lord of the Rings was published in three
volumes over the course of a year from 29 July 1954 to 20 October 1955. The three
volumes were titled The Fellowship of the Ring, The Two Towers and The Return of
the King. Structurally, the novel is divided internally into six books, two per volume,
with several appendices of background material included at the end. Some editions
combine the entire work into a single volume. The Lord of the Rings has since been
reprinted numerous times and translated into 38 languages.

Tolkien's work has been the subject of extensive analysis of its themes and
origins. Although a major work in itself, the story was only the last movement of a
larger epic Tolkien had worked on since 1917, in a process he described as
mythopoeia. Influences on this earlier work, and on the story of The Lord of the
Rings, include philology, mythology, religion and the author's distaste for the effects
of industrialization, as well as earlier fantasy works and Tolkien's experiences in
World War I. These inspirations and themes have often been denied by Tolkien
himself. The Lord of the Rings in its turn is considered to have had a great effect on
modern fantasy; the impact of Tolkien's works is such that the use of the words
"Tolkienian" and "Tolkienesque" have been recorded in the Oxford English
Dictionary.

The enduring popularity of The Lord of the Rings has led to numerous
references in popular culture, the founding of many societies by fans of Tolkien's
works, and the publication of many books about Tolkien and his works. The Lord of
the Rings has inspired, and continues to inspire, artwork, music, films and
television, video games, and subsequent literature. Award-winning adaptations of
The Lord of the Rings have been made for radio, theatre, and film. In 2003, it was
named Britain's best-loved novel of all time in the BBC's The Big Read.

C. Summary of Lord of The Rings Novel

Prologue
Thousands of years before the events of the novel, the Dark Lord Sauron
had forged the One Ring to rule the other Rings of Power and corrupt those who
wore them: the leaders of Men, Elves and Dwarves. Sauron was defeated by an
alliance of Elves and Men led by Gil-galad and Elendil, respectively. In the final
battle, Isildur, son of Elendil, cut the One Ring from Sauron's finger, causing
Sauron to lose his physical form. Isildur claimed the Ring as an heirloom for his
line, but when he was later ambushed and killed by the Orcs, the Ring was lost in
the River Anduin at Gladden Fields.
Over two thousand years later, the Ring was found by one of the river-folk
called Dagol. His friend Smagol fell under the Ring's influence and strangled
Dagol to acquire it. Smagol was banished and hid under the Misty Mountains.
The Ring gave him long life and changed him over hundreds of years into a
twisted, corrupted creature called Gollum. Gollum lost the Ring, his "precious",
and as told in The Hobbit, Bilbo Baggins found it. Meanwhile, Sauron assumed a
new form and took back his old realm of Mordor. When Gollum set out in search
of the Ring, he was captured and tortured by Sauron. Sauron learned from
Gollum that "Baggins" of the Shire had taken the Ring. Gollum was set loose.
Sauron, who needed the Ring to regain his full power, sent forth his powerful
servants, the Nazgl, to seize it.

The Fellowship of the Ring

The story begins in the Shire, where the hobbit Frodo Baggins inherits the
Ring from Bilbo Baggins, his cousin and guardian. Neither hobbit is aware of the
Ring's nature, but Gandalf the Grey, a wizard and an old friend of Bilbo, suspects
it to be Sauron's Ring. Many years later, after Gandalf confirms his guess, he tells
Frodo the history of the Ring and counsels him to take it away from the Shire.
Frodo sets out, accompanied by his gardener and friend, Samwise ("Sam")
Gamgee, and two cousins, Meriadoc Brandybuck, called Merry, and Peregrin
Took, called Pippin. They are nearly caught by the Black Riders but shake off
their pursuers by cutting through the Old Forest. There they are aided by Tom
Bombadil, a strange and merry fellow who lives with his wife Goldberry in the
forest.
The Hobbits reach the town of Bree, where they encounter a Ranger
named Strider, whom Gandalf had mentioned in a letter. Strider persuades the
hobbits to take him on as their guide and protector. Together, they leave Bree
after another close escape from the Black Riders. On the hill of Weathertop, they
are again attacked by the Black Riders, who wound Frodo with a cursed blade.
Strider fights them off with fire and leads the hobbits towards the Elven refuge of
Rivendell. Frodo falls deathly sick from the wound. The Black Riders nearly
overtake Frodo at the Ford of Bruinen, but flood waters summoned by Elrond,
master of Rivendell, rise up and overwhelm them.
Frodo recovers in Rivendell under Elrond's care. The Council of Elrond
discusses the history of Sauron and the Ring. Strider is revealed to be Aragorn,
Isildur's heir. Gandalf reports that Sauron has corrupted Saruman, chief of the
wizards. The Council decides that the Ring must be destroyed, but that can only
be done by sending it to the Fire of Mount Doom in Mordor, where it was forged.
Frodo takes this task upon himself. Elrond, with the advice of Gandalf, chooses
companions for him. The Company of the Ring are nine in number: Frodo, Sam,
Merry, Pippin, Aragorn, Gandalf, Gimli the Dwarf, Legolas the Elf, and the Man
Boromir, son of the Ruling Steward Denethor of the land of Gondor.
After a failed attempt to cross the Misty Mountains through the Redhorn
Pass, the Company are forced to take a perilous path through the Mines of Moria.
They are attacked by the Watcher in the Water before the doors of Moria. Inside
Moria, they learn of the fate of Balin and his colony of Dwarves. After surviving
an attack, they are pursued by Orcs and by an ancient demon called a Balrog.
Gandalf faces the Balrog, and both of them fall into the abyss. The others escape
and find refuge in the Elven forest of Lothlrien, where they are counselled by
Galadriel and Celeborn.
With boats and gifts from Galadriel, the Company travel down the River
Anduin to the hill of Amon Hen. There, Boromir tries to take the Ring from Frodo,
but Frodo puts it on and disappears. After the Company scatters to search for
Frodo, they are attacked by Orcs. Frodo chooses to go alone to Mordor, but Sam
guesses what he intends and goes with him.

The Two Towers

Orcs sent by Saruman and Sauron kill Boromir and take Merry and Pippin.
Aragorn, Gimli and Legolas debate amongst themselves which pair of hobbits to
follow. They decide to pursue the Orcs bearing Merry and Pippin to Saruman. In
the kingdom of Rohan, the Orcs are slain by a company of the Rohirrim. Merry
and Pippin escape into Fangorn Forest, where they are befriended by Treebeard,
the oldest of the tree-like Ents. Aragorn, Gimli and Legolas track the hobbits to
Fangorn. There they unexpectedly meet Gandalf. Gandalf explains that he slew
the Balrog; darkness took him, but he was sent back to Middle-earth to complete
his mission. He is clothed in white and is now "Gandalf the White", for he has
taken Saruman's place as the chief of the wizards. Gandalf assures his friends
that Merry and Pippin are safe. Together they ride to Edoras, capital of Rohan.
Gandalf frees Theoden, King of Rohan, from the influence of Saruman's spy Grma
Wormtongue. Theoden musters his fighting strength and rides with his men to
the ancient fortress of Helm's Deep, while Gandalf departs to seek help from
Treebeard.
Meanwhile, the Ents, roused by Merry and Pippin from their peaceful
ways, attack Isengard, Saruman's stronghold, and trap the wizard in the tower of
Orthanc. Gandalf convinces Treebeard to send an army of Huorns to Thoden's
aid. Gandalf brings an army of Rohirrim to Helm's Deep, and they defeat the Orcs,
who flee into the waiting shadow of the trees, never to be seen again. Gandalf
offers Saruman a chance to turn away from evil. When Saruman refuses to listen,
Gandalf strips him of his rank and most of his powers. Pippin picks up a palantir,
a seeing-stone that Saruman used to speak with Sauron and through which
Saruman was ensnared, and is seen by Sauron. Gandalf rides for Minas Tirith,
chief city of Gondor, taking Pippin with him.
Frodo and Sam capture Gollum, who has followed them from Moria. They
force him to guide them to Mordor. They find that the Black Gate of Mordor is too
well guarded, so instead they travel to a secret way Gollum knows. On the way,
they encounter Faramir, who, unlike his brother Boromir, resists the temptation
to seize the Ring. Gollum who is torn between his loyalty to Frodo and his desire
for the Ring betrays Frodo by leading him to the great spider Shelob in the
tunnels of Cirith Ungol. Frodo falls to Shelob's sting. But with the help of
Galadriel's gifts, Sam fights off the spider. Believing Frodo to be dead, Sam takes
the Ring to continue the quest alone. Orcs find Frodo; Sam overhears them and
learns that Frodo is still alive.

The Return of the King

Sauron sends a great army against Gondor. Gandalf arrives at Minas Tirith
to warn Denethor of the attack, while Theoden musters the Rohirrim to ride to
Gondor's aid. Minas Tirith is besieged. Denethor is deceived by Sauron and falls
into despair. He burns himself alive on a pyre, nearly taking his son Faramir with
him. Aragorn, accompanied by Legolas, Gimli and the Rangers of the North, takes
the Paths of the Dead to recruit the Dead Men of Dunharrow, who are bound by a
curse which denies them rest until they fulfill their long-ago forsworn oath to
fight for the King of Gondor. Following Aragorn, the Army of the Dead strikes
terror into the Corsairs of Umbar invading southern Gondor. Aragorn defeats the
Corsairs and uses their ships to transport the men of southern Gondor up the
Anduin, reaching Minas Tirith just in time to turn the tide of battle. Eowyn,
Theoden's niece, slays the Lord of the Nazgul with help from Merry. Together,
Gondor and Rohan defeat Sauron's army in the Battle of the Pelennor Fields,
though at great cost. Thoden is slain, and Eowyn and Merry are injured.
Meanwhile, Sam rescues Frodo from the tower of Cirith Ungol. They set
out across Mordor. Aragorn leads an army of men from Gondor and Rohan to
march on the Black Gate to distract Sauron from his true danger. His army is
vastly outnumbered by the great might of Sauron. Frodo and Sam reach the edge
of the Cracks of Doom, but Frodo cannot resist the Ring any longer. He claims it
for himself and puts it on his finger. Gollum suddenly reappears. He struggles
with Frodo and bites off Frodo's finger with the Ring still on it. Celebrating
wildly, Gollum loses his footing and falls into the Fire, taking the Ring with him.
When the Ring is destroyed, Sauron loses his power forever. The Nazgul perish,
and his armies are thrown into such disarray that Aragorn's forces emerge
victorious.
Aragorn is crowned Elessar, King of Arnor and Gondor, and weds Arwen,
daughter of Elrond. The four hobbits make their way back to the Shire, only to
find out that it has been taken over by men led by Sharkey. The hobbits raise a
rebellion and liberate the Shire. Sharkey turns out to be Saruman. Frodo stops
 the hobbits from killing the wizard, but Grima turns on him and kills him in front
of Bag End, Frodo's home. He is slain in turn by hobbit archers, and the War of
the Ring comes to its true end on Frodo's very doorstep.
Merry and Pippin are celebrated as heroes. Sam marries Rosie Cotton and
uses his gifts from Galadriel to help heal the Shire. But Frodo is still wounded in
body and spirit, having borne the Ring for so long. A few years later, in the
company of Bilbo and Gandalf, Frodo sails from the Grey Havens west over the
Sea to the Undying Lands to find peace.
In the appendices, Sam gives his daughter Elanor the Red Book of
Westmarch, which contains the story of Bilbo's adventures and the War of the
Ring as witnessed by the hobbits. Sam is then said to have crossed west over the
Sea himself, the last of the Ring-bearers.

D. Characters of The Story

Some characters in The Lord of the Rings are unequivocal protagonists,

and others are absolute antagonists. However despite criticism that the book's
characters "are all either black or white", some of the 'good' characters have darker
sides that feature in the story, and likewise some of the villains have "good
impulses". Therefore the categorization of characters as either 'protagonists' or
'antagonists' below indicates their general role in the story.

Protagonists

The Company of the Ring:

o Frodo Baggins, bearer of the One Ring, given to him by Bilbo Baggins
o Samwise Gamgee, gardener and friend of the Bagginses
o Meriadoc Brandybuck (Merry), Frodo's cousin and friend
o Peregrin Took (Pippin or Pip), Frodo's cousin and friend
o Gandalf the Grey, a wizard, leads the Fellowship until his fall in Moria,
returns from death as Gandalf the White to lead the armies of the West
against Sauron
o Aragorn, descendant of Isildur and rightful heir to the thrones of Arnor
and Gondor
o Legolas Greenleaf, an Elf prince and son of King Thranduil of the Silvan
Elves of Northern Mirkwood
o Gimli, son of Glin, a dwarf
o Boromir, the eldest son and heir of Denethor
Denethor, ruling Steward of Gondor and Lord of Minas Tirith
Faramir, younger son of Denethor and brother of Boromir
Galadriel, Elf co-ruler of Lothlorien, and grandmother of Arwen
Celeborn, Elf co-ruler of Lothlorien, husband of Galadriel, and grandfather of
Arwen
 Elrond, Half-elven Lord of Rivendell and father of Arwen
Arwen Undmiel, daughter of Elrond, love interest of Aragorn
Bilbo Baggins, Frodo's cousin
Theoden, King of Rohan, ally of Gondor
Eomer, the 3rd Marshal of the Mark and Theoden's nephew. Later King of
Rohan after Theoden's death.
Eowyn, sister of Eomer, who disguises herself as a male warrior named
Dernhelm to fight beside Theoden
Treebeard, oldest of the Ents
Tom Bombadil, lives at the edge of the Old Forest near the barrow-downs, a
mysterious character with great powers

Antagonists

Sauron, the Dark Lord and titular Lord of the Rings, a fallen Maia who helped
the Elves forge the Rings of Power in the Second Age.
The Nazgul or Ringwraiths, men enslaved by Sauron when they accepted his
treacherous gifts of Rings of Power.
o The Witch-king of Angmar, the Lord of the Nazgl, and Sauron's most
powerful servant, who commands Sauron's army.
Saruman the White, a wizard who seeks the One Ring for himself. Originally
the chief of the order of wizards of which Gandalf is also a member; corrupted
by Sauron through the palantir.
Grma Wormtongue, a secret servant of Saruman and traitor to Rohan, who
poisons Thoden's perceptions with well placed "advice".
Gollum, a river hobbit originally named Smagol and a obsessive previous
owner of the One Ring, planning to steal it back.
Shelob, a giant spider who dwells in the passes above Minas Morgul.
Durin's Bane, a Balrog dwelling beneath the Mines of Moria.
E. Moral Value

1. We must have courage. Who would you say is the hero of Tolkiens series? Is
it Frodo? After all, he was the one who bore the Ring of Power to Mount Doom.
Some might think the real hero is Gandalf. Without his wisdom and guidance,
Middle-earth would surely have been overrun.
2. The world needs more hospitality. Hospitality was not just a virtue but an
essential part of Tolkien's Middle-earth.
3. Fellowship is more valuable than gold. In today's world, where the economy and
money seem to be on everyones mind, its important that we dont forget whats
truly important: family dinners, jokes with friends, the people we love, and those
who dont come with a price tag.
4. Mercy is strength.
5. Sometimes we must be the sacrifice
6. There is always hope
 Prolog

Ribuan tahun sebelum peristiwa novel tersebut, Pangeran Kegelapan Sauron telah
menempa Cincin Satu untuk memerintah Cincin Kekuatan lainnya dan merusak orang-
orang yang memakainya: para pemimpin Pria, Peri dan Kurcaci. Sauron dikalahkan oleh
aliansi Elf dan Manusia masing-masing dipimpin oleh Gil-galad dan Elendil. Dalam
pertempuran terakhir, Isildur, putra Elendil, memotong Cincin Satu dari jari Sauron,
menyebabkan Sauron kehilangan bentuk fisiknya. Isildur mengklaim Cincin itu sebagai
pusaka untuk jalurnya, tapi ketika dia kemudian disergap dan dibunuh oleh Orc, Cincin
itu hilang di Sungai Anduin di Gladden Fields.

Lebih dari dua ribu tahun kemudian, Cincin itu ditemukan oleh salah satu penduduk
sungai bernama Dagol. Temannya Smagol jatuh di bawah pengaruh Cincin dan
mencekik Dagol untuk mendapatkannya. Smagol dibuang dan bersembunyi di bawah
Pegunungan Berkabut. Cincin itu memberinya umur panjang dan mengubahnya selama
ratusan tahun menjadi makhluk yang bengkok dan rusak yang disebut Gollum. Gollum
kehilangan Cincin, "yang berharga", dan seperti yang diceritakan dalam The Hobbit,
Bilbo Baggins menemukannya. Sementara itu, Sauron mengambil bentuk baru dan
mengambil kembali wilayah lamanya Mordor. Ketika Gollum berangkat mencari Cincin
itu, dia ditangkap dan disiksa oleh Sauron. Sauron belajar dari Gollum bahwa "Baggins"
dari Shire telah mengambil Cincin itu. Gollum dilepas. Sauron, yang membutuhkan
Cincin itu untuk mendapatkan kembali kekuatannya sepenuhnya, mengirim pelayannya
yang kuat, Nazgl, untuk merebutnya.

Fellowship of the Ring

Cerita dimulai di Shire, di mana hobbit Frodo Baggins mewarisi Cincin dari Bilbo
Baggins, sepupu dan wali. Baik hobbit tidak menyadari sifat Cincin, tapi Gandalf si Grey,
penyihir dan teman lama Bilbo, mencurigainya sebagai Cincin Sauron. Bertahun-tahun
kemudian, setelah Gandalf menegaskan dugaannya, dia memberi tahu Frodo tentang
sejarah Cincin tersebut dan menasihatinya untuk mengambilnya dari Shire. Frodo
berangkat, ditemani oleh tukang kebun dan temannya, Samgee ("Sam") Gamgee, dan
dua sepupu, Meriadoc Brandybuck, yang disebut Merry, dan Peregrin Took, memanggil
Pippin. Mereka hampir tertangkap oleh Penunggang Hitam tapi melepaskan
pengejarnya dengan memotong Hutan Tua. Di sana mereka dibantu oleh Tom Bombadil,
seorang pria aneh dan gembira yang tinggal bersama istrinya Goldberry di hutan.

Orang-orang Hobbit sampai di kota Bree, di mana mereka bertemu dengan seorang
Ranger bernama Strider, yang telah disebutkan Gandalf dalam sebuah surat. Strider
membujuk para hobbit untuk membawanya sebagai pemandu dan pelindung mereka.
Bersama-sama, mereka meninggalkan Bree setelah melarikan diri dari Penunggang
Hitam. Di atas bukit Weathertop, mereka kembali diserang oleh Penunggang Hitam,
yang melukai Frodo dengan pisau terkutuk. Strider melawan mereka dengan api dan
membawa hobbit ke tempat perlindungan Elven Rivendell. Frodo jatuh sakit parah
akibat luka itu. Penunggang Hitam hampir menyalip Frodo di Ford Bruinen, tapi air
banjir yang dipanggil oleh Elrond, penguasa Rivendell, bangkit dan membanjiri mereka.

Frodo pulih di Rivendell di bawah perawatan Elrond. Dewan Elrond membahas sejarah
Sauron dan Cincin. Strider diturunkan menjadi Aragorn, pewaris Isildur. Gandalf
melaporkan bahwa Sauron telah merusak Saruman, kepala para penyihir. Dewan
memutuskan bahwa Cincin harus dimusnahkan, tapi itu hanya bisa dilakukan dengan
mengirimkannya ke Api Gunung Doom di Mordor, tempat benda itu dipalsukan. Frodo
mengambil tugas ini pada dirinya sendiri. Elrond, dengan saran Gandalf, memilih teman
untuknya. Perusahaan Cincin itu berjumlah sembilan jumlahnya: Frodo, Sam, Merry,
Pippin, Aragorn, Gandalf, Gimli si Dwarf, Legolas si Peri, dan Man Boromir, anak dari
Pemberi Kuasa yang Menghukum di Negeri Gondor.

Setelah usaha yang gagal untuk menyeberangi Pegunungan Berkabut melalui Jalur
Redhorn, Perusahaan dipaksa untuk menempuh jalan yang berbahaya melalui Tambang
Moria. Mereka diserang oleh Watcher in the Water sebelum pintu Moria. Di dalam
Moria, mereka belajar tentang nasib Balin dan koloninya Kurcaci. Setelah selamat dari
serangan, mereka dikejar oleh Orc dan oleh seorang iblis kuno yang disebut Balrog.
Gandalf menghadapi Balrog, dan keduanya jatuh ke jurang maut. Yang lain melarikan
diri dan mencari perlindungan di hutan Elven di Lothlrien, di mana mereka diberi
konseling oleh Galadriel dan Celeborn.

Dengan kapal dan kado dari Galadriel, Perusahaan melakukan perjalanan menyusuri
Sungai Anduin ke bukit Amon Hen. Di sana, Boromir mencoba mengambil Cincin dari
Frodo, tapi Frodo mengatakannya dan menghilang. Setelah Perusahaan mencerca untuk
mencari Frodo, mereka diserang oleh Orc. Frodo memilih untuk pergi sendiri ke
Mordor, tapi Sam menebak apa yang dia inginkan dan pergi bersamanya.

Background

Lord of the Rings adalah sebuah novel fantasi tinggi epik yang ditulis oleh penulis dan
sarjana Inggris J. R. R. Tolkien. Ceritanya berawal dari sekuel novel fantasi Tolkien
tahun 1937 The Hobbit, namun akhirnya berkembang menjadi karya yang jauh lebih
besar. Ditulis secara bertahap antara tahun 1937 dan 1949, Lord of the Rings adalah
salah satu novel terlaris yang pernah ditulis, terjual lebih dari 150 juta kopi.

Judul novel ini mengacu pada antagonis utama cerita ini, Pangeran Kegelapan Sauron,
yang pada zaman sebelumnya menciptakan Cincin Satu untuk memerintah Rings of
Power lainnya sebagai senjata pamungkas dalam kampanyenya untuk menaklukkan
dan memerintah semua Middle-earth. . Dari permulaan yang sepi di Shire, sebuah
hobbit yang tidak berbeda dengan pedesaan Inggris, ceritanya berkisar di Middle-earth,
mengikuti Perang Cincin melalui kacamata karakternya, tidak hanya para hobbit Frodo
Baggins, Samwise "Sam "Gamgee, Meriadoc" Merry "Brandybuck dan Peregrin" Pippin
"Took, tapi juga sekutu utama hobbit dan teman seperjalanannya: Aragorn Putra putra
Arathorn, seorang Ranger Utara, dan Boromir, seorang Kapten Gondor; Gimli anak
Glin, seorang pejuang Dwarf; Legolas Greenleaf, seorang pangeran Elven; dan Gandalf,
seorang Wizard.

Pekerjaan awalnya ditujukan oleh Tolkien untuk menjadi satu jilid dari dua jilid, yang
lainnya adalah The Silmarillion, namun gagasan ini dipecat oleh penerbitnya. Untuk
alasan ekonomi, Lord of the Rings diterbitkan dalam tiga jilid sepanjang tahun dari
tanggal 29 Juli 1954 sampai 20 Oktober 1955. Ketiga jilid itu berjudul The Fellowship of
the Ring, The Two Towers and The Return of the King. Secara struktural, novel ini
dibagi secara internal menjadi enam buku, dua per volume, dengan beberapa lampiran
materi latar belakang disertakan di bagian akhir. Beberapa edisi menggabungkan
keseluruhan karya menjadi satu volume. Lord of the Rings sejak itu telah dicetak ulang
berkali-kali dan diterjemahkan ke dalam 38 bahasa.

Karya Tolkien telah menjadi subyek analisis ekstensif tentang tema dan asal usulnya.
Meski merupakan karya besar dalam dirinya sendiri, ceritanya hanya gerakan terakhir
dari sebuah epik yang lebih besar yang pernah dikerjakan Tolkien sejak 1917, dalam
sebuah proses yang digambarkannya sebagai mythopoeia. Pengaruh pada karya
sebelumnya, dan tentang kisah Lord of the Rings, meliputi filologi, mitologi, agama dan
ketidaktaatan penulis terhadap efek industrialisasi, serta karya fantasi sebelumnya dan
pengalaman Tolkien dalam Perang Dunia I. Inspirasinya dan Tema sering ditolak oleh
Tolkien sendiri. Lord of the Rings pada gilirannya dianggap memiliki pengaruh besar
pada fantasi modern; dampak karya Tolkien adalah sedemikian rupa sehingga
penggunaan kata-kata "Tolkienian" dan "Tolkienesque" telah dicatat dalam Oxford
English Dictionary.

Popularitas abadi The Lord of the Rings telah menghasilkan banyak referensi dalam
budaya populer, pendirian banyak masyarakat oleh para penggemar karya Tolkien, dan
penerbitan banyak buku tentang Tolkien dan karya-karyanya. Lord of the Rings telah
mengilhami, dan terus menginspirasi, karya seni, musik, film dan televisi, permainan
video, dan literatur berikutnya. Adaptasi pemenang penghargaan The Lord of the Rings
telah dibuat untuk radio, teater, dan film. Pada tahun 2003, itu disebut novel Inggris
yang paling dicintai sepanjang masa di Wartawan BBC The Big Read.

Karakter
Beberapa karakter dalam The Lord of the Rings adalah tokoh protagonis yang
tegas, dan yang lainnya adalah antagonis mutlak. Namun meskipun ada kritik
bahwa karakter buku itu "semuanya hitam atau putih", beberapa karakter 'baik'
memiliki sisi gelap yang ada dalam cerita ini, dan juga beberapa penjahat
memiliki "impuls yang baik". Oleh karena itu kategorisasi karakter sebagai
'protagonis' atau 'antagonis' di bawah ini menunjukkan peran umum mereka
dalam cerita.
Protagonis
Perusahaan Cincin:
o Frodo Baggins, pembawa Cincin Satu, diberikan kepadanya oleh Bilbo Baggins
 Samwise Gamgee, tukang kebun dan teman Baggins
o Meriadoc Brandybuck (Merry), sepupu dan teman Frodo
o Peregrin Took (Pippin or Pip), sepupu dan teman Frodo
o Gandalf si Grey, seorang penyihir, memimpin Fellowship sampai kejatuhannya
di Moria, kembali dari kematian saat Gandalf si Putih memimpin tentara Barat
melawan Sauron.
Aragorn, keturunan Isildur dan pewaris sah takhta Arnor dan Gondor
o Legolas Greenleaf, seorang pangeran Elf dan putra Raja Thranduil dari Peri
Silvan dari Mirkwood Utara
o Gimli, anak Glin, seorang kurcaci
o Boromir, putra sulung dan pewaris Denethor
Denethor, memerintah Steward of Gondor dan Lord of Minas Tirith
Faramir, anak laki-laki Denethor dan saudara laki-laki Boromir yang lebih
muda
Galadriel, Elf co-penguasa Lothlorien, dan nenek dari Arwen
Celeborn, Elf co-penguasa Lothlorien, suami Galadriel, dan kakek dari Arwen
Elrond, Tuan-tuan setengah kaki dari Rivendell dan ayah dari Arwen
Arwen Undmiel, putri Elrond, menyukai ketertarikan Aragorn
Bilbo Baggins, sepupu Frodo
Theoden, Raja Rohan, sekutu Gondor
Eomer, Marsekal ke-3 dari keponakan Mark dan Theoden. Kemudian Raja
Rohan setelah kematian Theoden.
Eowyn, saudara perempuan Eomer, yang menyamar sebagai pejuang laki-laki
bernama Dernhelm untuk berperang di samping Theoden
Treebeard, tertua dari Ents

Tom Bombadil, tinggal di tepi Hutan Tua di dekat barrow-down, sebuah karakter
misterius dengan kekuatan besar

Antagonis

Sauron, Pangeran Kegelapan dan Lord of the Rings, seorang Maia yang jatuh yang
membantu kaum Peri menguasai Cincin Kekuasaan di Zaman Kedua.

Nazgul atau Ringwraiths, pria diperbudak oleh Sauron saat mereka menerima hadiah
Rings of Power yang berbahaya.

o Raja Penyihir Angmar, Penguasa Nazi, dan pelayan Sauron yang paling kuat, yang
memimpin tentara Sauron.

Saruman si Putih, penyihir yang mencari Cincin Satu untuk dirinya sendiri. Awalnya
kepala ordo penyihir yang juga anggota Gandalf; rusak oleh Sauron melalui palantir.
 Grma Wormtongue, pelayan rahasia Saruman dan pengkhianat terhadap Rohan, yang
meracuni persepsi Thoden dengan "nasihat" yang ditempatkan dengan baik.

Gollum, sebuah hobbit sungai yang awalnya bernama Smagol dan pemilik
sebelumnya yang obsesif dari Ring Satu, yang berencana untuk mencurinya kembali.

Shelob, seekor laba-laba raksasa yang tinggal di celah di atas Minas Morgul.

Durin's Bane, seekor Balrog yang tinggal di bawah Tambang Moria.

Nilai Moral

1. Kita harus memiliki keberanian. Siapa yang akan Anda katakan adalah "pahlawan"
serial Tolkien? Apakah itu Frodo? Lagi pula, dialah yang melahirkan Cincin Tenaga ke
Gunung Doom. Beberapa mungkin mengira pahlawan sebenarnya adalah Gandalf.
Tanpa hikmat dan bimbingannya, Middle-earth pasti akan diserbu.

2. Dunia membutuhkan lebih banyak keramahan. Perhotelan bukan hanya sebuah

kebajikan tapi merupakan bagian penting dari Middle-earth Tolkien.

3. Fellowship lebih berharga daripada emas. Di dunia sekarang ini, di mana ekonomi
dan uang nampaknya ada di benak semua orang, penting bagi kita untuk tidak
melupakan apa yang benar-benar penting: makan malam keluarga, bercanda dengan
teman, orang yang kita cintai, dan orang-orang yang tidak datang dengan harga
menandai.

4. Rahmat adalah kekuatan.

5. Terkadang kita harus menjadi pengorbanan

6. Selalu ada harapan

Biografi

John Ronald Reuel Tolkien (3 Januari 1892 - 2 September 1973) adalah seorang penulis
bahasa Inggris, penyair, ahli filologi, dan profesor universitas yang paling dikenal
sebagai penulis karya fantasi klasik klasik The Hobbit, The Lord of the Rings, and The
Silmarillion.

Dia menjabat sebagai Rawlinson dan Bosworth Professor Anglo-Saxon dan Fellow dari
Pembroke College, Oxford, dari tahun 1925 sampai 1945 dan Merton Professor Bahasa
Inggris dan Sastra dan Fellow di Merton College, Oxford, dari tahun 1945 sampai 1959.
Dia pernah pada suatu waktu teman dekat CS Lewis-keduanya adalah anggota
kelompok diskusi sastra informal yang dikenal sebagai Inklings. Tolkien diangkat
sebagai Panglima Ordo Kerajaan Inggris oleh Ratu Elizabeth II pada tanggal 28 Maret
1972.
Setelah kematian Tolkien, putranya Christopher menerbitkan serangkaian karya
berdasarkan catatan ayahnya yang luas dan manuskrip yang tidak diterbitkan,
termasuk The Silmarillion. Ini, bersama dengan The Hobbit dan The Lord of the Rings,
membentuk kumpulan cerita, puisi, sejarah fiktif, bahasa penemuan, dan esai sastra
tentang dunia fantasi yang disebut Arda dan Middle-earth di dalamnya. Antara tahun
1951 dan 1955, Tolkien menerapkan istilah legendaris ke bagian yang lebih besar dari
tulisan-tulisan ini.

Sementara banyak penulis lain telah menerbitkan karya fantasi di hadapan Tolkien,
kesuksesan besar The Hobbit dan The Lord of the Rings mengarah langsung ke
kebangkitan kembali genre yang populer. Hal ini menyebabkan Tolkien dikenal sebagai
"ayah" sastra fantasi modern atau, lebih tepatnya, fantasi tinggi. Pada tahun 2008, The
Times menamai dia keenam dalam daftar "50 penulis Inggris terbesar sejak 1945".
Forbes menempatkannya sebagai "selebriti mati" ke-5 pada tahun 2009.