dsoy dk;Zky;hu mi;ksx gsrq

(For Official Use Only)

Hkkjr ljdkj GOVERNMENT OF INDIA

jsy ea=ky; MINISTRY OF RAILWAYS

Maintenance Handbook
on
Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotive
END USER: Loco Maintenance Staff

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

March, 2015

egkjktiqj, Xokfy;j & 474 005

Maharajpur, GWALIOR - 474 005
 Maintenance Handbook
on
Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotive

QUALITY POLICY

To develop safe, modern and cost

effective Railway Technology
complying with Statutory and
Regulatory requirements, through
excellence in Research, Designs and
Standards and Continual
improvements in Quality
Management System to cater to
growing demand of passenger and
freight traffic on the railways.
 FOREWORD

Emerging technological changes require dissemination of new technology and

induction of new maintenance practices. The three phase electric locos were inducted
quite some time back in Railway system but still there is no maintenance handbook
on transformer. The transformer is an important equipment of electric loco (like heart
in human body). The transformer needs proper maintenance for trouble free and
reliable operation of locomotives.

CAMTECH has prepared this handbook on Maintenance of Transformer of

Three Phase Electric Locomotives with an objective to provide comprehensive
information on the technical as well as maintenance aspects of the transformer.

I hope this handbook prove to be useful for the field staff engaged in the
maintenance of three phase electric locomotives and its transformer.

CAMTECH, Gwalior A.R.Tupe

Date: 26th March, 2015 Executive Director
 PREFACE

Transformer is an important equipment of three phase electric locomotives.

Proper upkeep of transformer is necessary to ensure trouble free operation of three
phase electric locomotives.

This handbook on Maintenance of Transformer of 3 phase electric

locomotive has been prepared by CAMTECH with the objective of making our
maintenance personnel aware of correct maintenance and overhaul techniques to be
adopted in the field. This handbook covers brief technical details, maintenance
practices, testing along with testing instruments required. This also covers condition
monitoring of transformer oil and model questions on the subject.

It is clarified that this handbook does not supersede any existing

provisions/guidelines laid down by Railway Board, RDSO or OEM. The handbook is
only for guidance and it is not a statutory document.

I am sincerely thankful to all field personnel who helped us in preparing this

handbook.

Technology up-gradation learning is a continuous process. Please feel free to

write tour for any addition/ modification in this handbook. We shall highly appreciate
your contribution in this direction.

CAMTECH, Gwalior Peeyoosh Gupta

Date: 26th March, 2015 Director/ Electrical
 CONTENTS
Chapter No. Description Page No.

Foreword iii
Preface iv
Contents v
Correction Slip vii

1. GENERAL 01

1.1 Introductions 01

1.2 Transformer Working Principle 03

1.2.1 EMF Equation of Transformer 04
1.3 Description of Three Phase Loco Transformer 04
1.3.1 Transformer Cooling 04
1.4 Different Parts of Transformer 07
1.5 Technical Data of Electric Loco Transformer 10

1.6 Transport of Transformer 11

1.6.1 Lifting of the Transformer 11
1.6.2 Supporting the Transformer on a Point 12
1.7 Storage of Transformer 12
1.7.1 Maintenance During Storage 13
1.9 Factors Affecting Life of Transformer 13

2. MAINTENANCE 15

2.1 Periodic Maintenance Schedules 15

2.2 Trip Inspection 16
2.3 Oil Circulating Pumps (SR & TFP) IA, IB 17
2.4 Main Transformer IC Schedule 18
2.5 Main Transformer (AOH) Schedule 19
2.6 Main Transformer (IOH) Schedule 20

2.7 Main Transformer POH Schedule 21

2.7.1 Painting Procedure 22
2.8 Procedure for Replacement of Bushings 22
2.9 Transformer Oil Check 23
 Chapter No. Description Page No.

2.10 Testing of Loco Transformer 24

2.10.1 Tests 24
2.11 Testing Equipment 25
2.12 Installation of the Transformer on Locomotive 26

2.13 Check Points While Maintenance 29

2.14 Transformer Oil 31
2.14.1 Oil Specification 31
2.14.2 Purification of Transformer Oil 32
2.12.3 Condition monitoring of Transformer by
Dissolved Gas Analysis 34

3. MODEL QUESTION 39

ANSWERS 45

An Approach to Equipment Failure Investigation 46

ANNEXURE I - Reliability Action Plan (RAP) 47

 ISSUE OF CORRECTION SLIPS
The correction slips to be issued in future for this handbook will be numbered as
follows :

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/C.S. # XX date---------

Where XX is the serial number of the concerned correction slip (starting from 01
onwards).

CORRECTION SLIPS ISSUED

Sr. No. Date of issue Page no. and Item Remarks
no. modified
CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 1

CHAPTER 1

GENERAL

1.1 INTRODUCTION

Figure 1.1 Three Phase Loco Transformer

The transformer is a static device, which transforms power from one AC circuit to
another AC circuit at same frequency but having different characteristics. These circuits are
conductively disjointed but magnetically coupled by a common time varying magnetic field.
It can raise or lower the voltage with a corresponding decrease or increase in current.

In all the electric locomotives, limiting the value of current during starting, speed
control is achieved by supply of variable voltage to the traction motors. This variation of
applied voltage can be carried out easily by the use of transformer along with Static
Convertor provided in the locomotive.

The windings which form the electrical circuit must fulfill certain basic
requirements, particularly the di-electric, thermal and mechanical stresses imposed on it
during testing as well as in service and cater for over loads under adverse conditions.
The WAG9 transformer unit consists of the main transformer active part and two
different types of reactors, hosed in a tank.

The main transformer converts the overhead line voltage (25 kV) to the lower
operating voltages for:
traction power supply 1268V
auxiliary 1kV
The main transformer is integrated into the traction circuit between overhead line
and rail return line.
The primary current line flows from the pantograph via roof line, vacuum circuit
breaker, the roof bushing into the primary winding of the main transformer. It then flows
back to the rail via the earth return brushes on four of the six axles. And WAP5, WAP7
transformer has total load winding in addition toWAG9 transformer.

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

2 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

Figure 1.2 Schematic Diagram of Power Circuit of 3 Phase Loco (WAG 9 , WAG 7)

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 3

1.2 TRANSFORMER WORKING PRINCIPLE

In general principle of working of a transformer can be expressed on the basis of law
of electromagnetic induction as following:
a. When a conductor cuts the magnetic flux or magnetic flux cut the conductor, an emf
is induced in the conductor.
b. The magnitude of this emf is proportional to the rate of change of flux.
E = -d/dt
Where, E = emf
= flux
Kinds of emf
The emf may be induced by two ways
i. Dynamically induced emf
ii. Statically induced emf.
a. Mutually induced emf
b. Self induced emf
An emf induced in a coil due to variation of flux in another coil placed near to first is
called mutually induced emf.
The emf induced in a coil due to change of its own flux linked with it is called self-
induced emf. (In case of autotransformer)
In its simplest form, a transformer consists of two conducting coils. The primary is
the winding which receives electric power, and the secondary is one which delivers the
electric power. These coils are wound on a laminated core of magnetic material.
The physical basis of a transformer is mutual induction between two circuits linked
by a common magnetic flux through a path of low reluctance as shown in fig.1.2
LAMINATED CORE

PRIMARY
SECONDARY

Figure 1.3 Ideal Transformer

The two coils possesses high mutual inductance. If one coil is connected to a source
of alternating voltage, an alternating flux is set up in the laminated core, most of which is
linked up with the other coil in which it produces mutually induced emf i.e.
E = M di/dt
If the second circuit is closed, a current flows in it and so electric energy is
transferred (entirely magnetically) from first coil (primary winding) to the second coil
(secondary winding).

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

4 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

1.2.1 EMF Equation of Transformer

Let, N1 = Number of turns in primary.
N2 = Number of turns in secondary.
m = Maximum flux in the core in webres.
f = Frequency of AC input in Hz.
v1 = Instantaneous value of applied voltage in primary winding in volts.
The instantaneous value of counter electromotive force e1, can be expressed as
e1 = - N1 d/dt volt
The counter emf e1 is equal and opposite to applied voltage v1 i.e.
v1 = N1 d/dt volt
rms value of emf induced in primary
E1 = 4.44 f N1 m
Similarly, rms value of emf induced in secondary
E2 = 4.44 f N2 m
In an ideal transformer
V1 = E1 & V2 = E2
Where V2 is the secondary terminal voltage
With the above expressions we get
E2/ E1 = N2/ N1 = K
Where K is known as voltage transformation ratio.
(a) If N2 > N1 i.e. K > 1 then the transformer is called step up transformer.
(b) If N2 < N1 i.e. K < 1 then the transformer is called step down transformer.

1.3 DESCRIPTION OF THREE PHASE LOCO TRANSFORMER & ITS PARTS

Each loco requires one transformer for feeding supply to traction converters/ traction
motors, to auxiliary converter for supplying to auxiliary machines and to supply Hotel load
of train. This transformer will consist of Primary winding, 04 Traction windings, Auxiliary
winding (BUR) and Hotel Load winding. In addition, it has a FILTER winding which is
connected on locomotive to passive filter.

The transformer tank also contains 02 series resonant chokes (one for each
converter) & 03 Auxiliary Converter double chokes (one for each of the 03 auxiliary
converters).

1.3.1 Transformer cooling

Transformer is oil cooled and external cooling of the oil is designed with two
independent oil circuits with cooling units located within the machine room of locomotives.
However, the cooling units / circuit component do not form part of transformer supply.

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 5

Figure 1.4 Cooling Arrangement

Figure 1.5 Layout of Winding in Transformer Tank

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

6 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

Figure 1.6 Three phase loco transformer winding diagram

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 7

1.4 DIFFERENT PARTS OF TRANSFORMER

i. Transformer tank fastening

Material : Aluminium
Colour : RAL-7009stain
Weight : 966 kg with lid
Identity No. : HSTN 424007

Figure 1.7 Transformer Tank Fastening

ii. Transformer main winding

Identity No. : HSTN 424337

Make : ABB Badodara, BHEL Jhansi,
CGL Mandideep Bhopal,
EMCO Thane Mumbai,
High volt electrical Ltd Mumbai,
Figure 1.8 Transformer main Winding

iii. SOD Winding

Identity No. : HSTN 424005

Make ABB Badodara, BHEL Jhansi,
CGL Mandideep Bhopal,
EMCO Thane Mumbai,
High volt electrical Ltd Mumbai,

Figure 1.9 SOD Winding

iv. GOD Winding

Identity No. : HSTN 424006

Make ABB Badodara, BHEL Jhansi,
CGL Mandideep Bhopal,
EMCO Thane Mumbai,
High volt electrical Ltd Mumbai,

Figure 1.10 GOD Winding

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

8 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

v. Transformer Bushing

Identity No. DT 1/250 : HSTN 310500

DT 1/630 : HSTN 310501
DT 1/1000 : HSTN 310502
DT 1/2000 : HSTN 310503
DT 1/3150 : HSTN 310504

Figure 1.11 Transformer Bushing

vi. High Voltage Bushing

Identity No. : HSTN 420783P0001

Technical Data: 18/30 kV, 800A
Supplier : Elasti mold or RDSO approved

Figure 1.12 High Voltage Bushing

vii. Temperature Sensor (Thermometer)

Identity No. : HSTN 424136P0001

Technical Data : PT-100
Supplier : JUMO Stafa or RDSO approved

Figure 1.13 Temperature Sensor

viii. Overflow Valve

Identity No. : HSTN 4/12/0144R

Pressure setting : 0.8 bar
Supplier : Millen Engineer or RDSO approved

Figure 1.14 Overflow Valve

ix. Transformer Main Valve

Identity No. : HSTN 4274037P0001

Technical Data : NW80 ND6
Supplier : Fatco or RDSO approved

Figure 1.15 Transformer main Valve

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 9

x. Slide of oil intake and drainage

Identity No. : HSTN 422368P0001

Pressure setting : NW32/25
Supplier : Hofiman or RDSO approved

Figure 1.16 Slide of oil intake and drainage

xi Two conservator tanks including - Air dehumidifier including valve -Oil level gauge

Identity No. : HSTN

Material : Aluminium
Colour : RAl 7030 stain
Volume : 137DMQ

Figure 1.17 Conservation Tanks

xii. Breather

Identity No. : HSTN 422029P0001

Technical Data : EM3MA
Supplier : Yogya or RDSO approved

Figure 1.18 Breather

The special features of the transformer are :-

Transformer is mounted under slung on under frame
Transformer is designed for feeding GTO/IGBT based Power and Auxiliary converter
load.
Very high impedance between primary & traction windings
100% de-couplings between windings
Use of continuous transposed conductor for windings
Use of disc construction of windings
Transformer and conservator tank of Aluminum Alloy
Rapid action coupling between transformer and conservators in oil circuit

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

10 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

1.4 TECHNICAL DATA OF 3 PHASE ELECTRIC LOCO TRANSFORMERS (WAP5,

WAP7 & WAG9)
Common Ratings for WAG9, WAP5 & WAP7 Loco Transformers
Rated voltage
Normal 25.0 kV
Maximum 30.0 kV
Minimum 17.5 kV
Frequency 50Hz 6 %
Cooling medium Inhibited transformer oil to IEC296/ IS-12463
Series Resonant Choke (2SOD 240)
Inductance 0.551 mH ( 15 %), Liner to Ipeak = 1391A
Thermal current Ith 984A
Resonant frequency 100Hz
Voltage stress between terminals to earth Nominal 482 Vac , Max. 3471 V

Auxiliary Converter Choke (6GOD 120)

Inductance per PUR - choke
0A 30 mH
120A 30 mH
155A 26 mH
190A 20 mH
Frequency 100 hz
Current Rated 155A, Max. 190A
Ripple Nominal 38.6%, Max. 50.2%
Voltage to earth Rated 1153 V, Max. 2000 V

Ratings for WAG9 loco transformer

Winding Power (kVA) Voltage Current

HV 6531 25000 261.25
Traction 4 x 1449 4 x 1269 4 x 1142
BUR 334 1000 334
Filter 400 1154 347
Total weight 9450 3 % kg

Ratings for WAP5 and WAP7 Loco Transformer

Winding Power (kVA) Voltage Current
HV 7475/7775 25000 299/311
Traction 4 x 1449 4 x 1269 4 x 1142
BUR 334 1000 334
Filter 400 1154 347
Hotel load 945/1245 750/960 1260/1296
Total weight 10000 3 % kg

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 11

Weight

Unit Quantity Kg per unit Kg total

Transformer active part LOT 7500/ LOT 1 5780/ 5380 5780/ 5380
6500
Series resonant circuit recator 2 SOD 240 1 590/ 590 590/ 590
Auxiliary Converter DC-Link Reactor 6 1 570/ 570 570/ 570
GOD 120
Tank and lid 1 900/ 900 900/900
Insulation oil 1 1800/1780 1800/ 1780
Equipment 1 260/ 230 260/ 230
Total transformer unit 9900/ 9450
Expansion tank (oil level at 20C) 2 88 176

1.5 TRANSPORTATION OF TRANSFORMER

The transformer is transported full with oil. Any oil volume changing (which is
caused by temperature variations) during the transport or storage are taken up by the
transport expansion tank which is mounted on the transformer oil.
The breather is connected to the transformers expansion tank. The breather should
only be removed during the installation of the transformer in the locomotive, and rectified as
soon as possible. The breather must be filled with new or dried silica gel.

1.5.1 Lifting of the Transformer

The transformer must never be lifted without its lid. Lifting points are welded to the
side of the tank for this purpose. The rope should be attached on these lifting points as
described in figure shown below. The ropes should never make a smaller angle than = 60
with the horizontal, otherwise there is a danger that the tank will distort.

Figure 1.19 Lifting of the Transformer

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

12 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

1.5.2 Supporting the Transformer on a Point

If for any reason the transformer needs to be supported on a point, then it should
only be supported on the indicated areas shown by the arrows in the figure given below.

Figure 1.20 Support Point of Transformer

1.6 STORAGE OF TRANSFORMER

The transformer can be stored as long as required, if the maintenance is carried out
as required if it is under maintenance or ready to use. The various points for storage of
transformer is described below.

a. Storing place
The oil-filled transformer should be
stored in covered area. The storing place must
be dry and the transformer must be covered
with a lose taped plastic sheet.

Figure 1.21 Storing Place

b. Connecting flanges
All pipes, pumps and blocking valves should
be closed off using blanking flanges.

Figure 1.22 Connecting Flange

c. Expansion tank
Fix the expansion tanks in vertical position on a
higher level than the transformers lid. Join then with
flexible pipes with transformer in the same way as they are
installed in the locomotive. The oil level in the expansion
tank should correspond with the temperature mark.

Figure 1.23 ExpansionTank

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 13

d. Labels
Covering the transformer with stickers is
forbidden. If stickers need to be added then they
should be stuck on separate plates. The plates
should then be tied to the transformer using
TFPG No. : 2027453
strings (no wire). Make : BHEL
Date of O/H : 11.05.2014

Figure 1.24 Labels

e. Checks
After transport and installation at the storing place the transformer should be
checked for any signs of oil leakage.

1.6.1 Maintenance During Storage

a. Checks
According to the atmospheric conditions the oil level and the silica gel in the
breather should be checked every 6 months.
b. Oil level
If the oil level is lower than the equivalent temperature mark, oil can be
added by the filling cap on the expansion tank with the oil of the same quality.
Mixing with oils which have significantly different parameters should be avoided.

If the oil level is not visible at the expansion tank, the reason for the low oil
level must be found. Oil should not be added by the filling cap of the expansion tank
as long as reason has not been found.

c. Breather
If more than half of the silica gel is saturated (moisturized), then it must be
completely replaced. The old silica gel may be regenerated.
The transformer must not stay longer than 3 hours without functional breather.

1.7 FACTORS AFFECTING LIFE OF TRANSFORMER

Life of transformer is affected by the following factors:

1. Moisture
2. Oxygen
3. Solid Impurities
4. Varnishes
5. Slackness of winding

a. Effect of moisture on transformer life

Presence of moisture in oil is highly undesirable as it affects adversely the

dielectric properties of oil. The moisture present in oil also affects the solid
insulation of transformer. As paper insulation is highly hygroscopic in nature, when
transformer is filled with oil, it absorbs the moisture from oil which affects its
insulation properties as well as reduces its life. Solubility of moisture in oil increases
with increase in temperature and oxidation products of oil. When the oil in service

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

14 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

oxidizes, acids are formed. These acids increase moisture solubility of oil. Acids
coupled with moisture further decompose the oil forming more acids and moisture.
Thus the rate of deterioration of oil increases.

Check the colour of silica gel in each inspection and if found pink, replace or
reactivate crystals at 150 degree C. Test transformer oil for electric strength and
water content in IC schedule & POH and carry out purification with high vacuum
type transformer oil filtration plant if required. Arrest the oil leakage if any.

b. Effect of Oxygen

Oxygen may be present inside the transformer due to air remaining in oil.
The oxygen reacts and decomposes the cellulose of insulation. This forms an organic
acid soluble in oil and sludge, which blocks the free circulation of the oil. The
adverse effect of oxygen, which may be aggravated by catalytic action between hot
oil and bare copper, increase the operating temperature.

Carry out oil purification with high vacuum type transformer oil purification
plant periodically to remove atmospheric gases (air) and sludge.

c. Effect of Solid Impurities

The solid impurity present in the oil reduces its dielectric strength
considerably. A good remedy is to filter the oil periodically.

d. Effect of Varnishes

Some varnishes having oxidizing effect, react with transformer oil

and precipitate sludge on windings. Synthetic varnishes having acid
inhibiting properties, generally delay the natural formation of acid and sludge
in the oil.

e. Effect of slackness of winding

After few months of service, the transformer coils may suffer natural setting.
This may wear the conductor insulation at some places and lead to an inter-turn
failure. The coils may also get displaced under load conditions or momentary short
circuit conditions, which may result in electrical and magnetic unbalance and
produce even greater displacement. A good practice is, therefore to lift the core and
windings to take up any slackness present at the first major schedule.

Periodic maintenance of transformer is essential to ensure safety, reliability

and trouble free operation of electric locomotive over a long time period.

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 15

CHAPTER 2

MAINTENANCE

2.1 PERIODIC MAINTENANCE SCHEDULES

3-Phase (ABB) locomotives

Ref. : Rly. Bd. Letter No. 97/Elect(TRS)/440/18/44(3-Phase), dt. 23.02.07

Coaching Locos - WAP5/WAP7 locos

Maintenance Schedule Periodicity Duration
3000 kms or one trip,
Trip inspection (TI) 2 hrs
whichever is later
IA 90 days 4 hrs
IB 180 days 6 hrs
IC 270 days 8 hrs
MOH 18 months 6 working days
4.5 years + 6 months or
WAP-7 - 11 working days
IOH 12 lakh kms. whichever is
WAP-5 - 20 working days
earlier.
9 years + 6 months or
POH 24 lakh kms. whichever is 28 working days
earlier.

Freight Locos - WAG9/WAG9H locos

Ref. : Rly. Bd. Letter No. 97/Elect(TRS)/440/18/44(3-Phase), dt. 23.02.07

Maintenance Schedule Periodicity

Trip inspection (TI) 45 days
IA 90 days
IB 180 days
IC 270 days
MOH 18 months
6 years + 6 months or 12 lakh kms.
IOH
whichever is earlier.
12 years + 6 months or 24 lakh kms.
POH
whichever is earlier.

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

16 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

2.2 TRIP INSPECTION

1. OIL CIRCULATING PUMPS (SR & TFP)

Visually examine all SR & TFP oil pumps for any oil leakage No leakage
/any abnormal sound and take needful action

2. MAIN TRANSFORMER

Inspect the color of the silica gel. If it is pink, remove the filter
i Blue
from the locomotive

ii Dry the silica gel in oven at 150 degree C and replace Blue

Read off the oil level on the gauge situated on the conservator. Middle strip
iii Top up the oil as necessary and +/- 6,
Check for any signs of leakage No leakage

Prismatic level gauge-clean the gauge with a dry cloth and Cleaned & No
iv
check for leaks leakage

Examine the flanges of the pipe couplings and flexible hose that
Checked &
v link the transformer and conservator and check the holding
Found intact
clamps.

Check/attend the condition of earthing shunts of transformer

vi Intact
body (As per RDSO/SMI/0248)

Check the main TFP and its protection cover of drain cock for Checked &
vii
damage/crack & oil leakage Found intact

Check visually the foundation bolts of transformer and nylock Checked &
viii
nuts for proper locking Found intact

Check/attend stoochi coupling pipes of conservator for proper Intact/ No

ix
layout and fitment and attend for any leakage leakage

x Check VPTFP and VPSR for oil leakage on RH. No leakage

Examine the HV bushing for sings of damage, burning etc. Checked /

xi
Replace if defective. Ensure RTV on base. Replaced

xii Check the oil leakage from TFP bushing No leakage

3. OIL COOLING UNIT CASING WITH RADIATOR

Examine flange joint for sign of cracks, oil leakage and

i Checked/ intact
loose/missing screws

Remove all dust, dirt and debris from the radiator chamber via
ii the machine room access cover (using vacuum cleaner) in case Cleaned
of less air flow booking

Visually check the oil cooler radiator for any oil leakage / No leakage/No
iii
external damage from top and bottom damage

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 17

2.3 IA, IB SCHEDULE.

1 OIL CIRCULATING PUMPS (SR & TFP) IA,IB.

i Visually examine all SR & TFP oil pumps for any oil leakage Normal
/any abnormal sound and take needful action

ii Check the mechanical support fasteners of all four oil pumps Normal

2. MAIN TRANSFORMER

ii Inspect the colour of the silica gel. If it is pink, remove the filter Blue
from the locomotive

iii Dry the silica gel in oven at 150 degree C and replace Blue

iv Read off the oil level on the gauge situated on the conservator. Middle strip
Top up the oil as necessary and +/- 6
Check for any signs of leakage No leakage

v Prismatic level gauge-clean the gauge with a dry cloth and Cleaned & No
check/attend for leaks leakage

vi Examine/attend the flanges of the pipe couplings and flexible Checked &
hose that link the transformer and conservator Found intact

vii Check visually the foundation bolts of transformer and Nylock Intact
nuts, for proper locking

viii Check the condition of earthing shunts of transformer body (As Intact
per RDSO/SMI/0248)

ix Visually inspect & clean the electrical connection to the Intact

insulator and condition of insulator for crack

x Visually inspect the condition of oil cooling metallic pipes, Intact /

check/attend for leakage / damage & check all fixing clamps No leakage

xi Check/attend stuchi coupling pipes of conservator for proper Intact/ No

layout and fitment and attend for any leakage leakage

xii Examine the HV bushing for signs of damage, burning etc. Examined
Replace if defective. (Ensure RTV on base)

xiii Check the availability of hosepipe over the oil pipe Checked
compensator.

xiv Check the main TFP and its protection cover for damage / crack No crack / No
& oil leakage. (RDSO/TC/076) leakage

xv Check the oil leakage from TFP bushing. No leakage

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

18 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

2.4 IC SCHEDULE.

1 OIL CIRCULATING PUMPS (SR & TFP)

i. Visually examine all SR & TFP oil pumps for any oil Normal
leakage / any abnormal sound and take needful action
ii Check the electrical connections of all four oil pumps Normal
iii Check the mechanical support fasteners of all four oil Normal
pumps.
2. MAIN TRANSFORMER
i Perform the sample test on transformer oil. 30 kV (serviceable
Check specific value of BDV, DGA, moisture and acidity. oil)
ii If BDV value falls below 30KV/ DGA gases more, Done
oil centrifuging to be done
iii Inspect the color of the silica gel. If it is pink, remove the Blue
filter from the locomotive
iv Dry the silica gel in oven at 150 degree C and replace Blue
v Read off the oil level on the gauge situated on the Middle strip +/- 6
conservator. Top up the oil as necessary and No leakage
Check for any signs of leakage
vi Prismatic level gauge-clean the gauge with a dry cloth and Cleaned & No
check for leaks leakage
vii Examine the flanges of the pipe couplings and flexible hose Checked & Found
that link the transformer and conservator intact
viii Visually inspect & clean the electrical connection to the Intact
insulator and condition of insulator for cracked, flashed
mark & ensure red marking.
ix Check visually condition of foundation bolts of transformer Intact
and Nylock nuts for proper locking
x Check / attend the condition of earthing shunts of Intact
transformer body (As per RDSO/SMI/0248)
xi Visually inspect the condition of oil cooling metallic pipes, Checked Intact
check for leakage / damage & check all fixing clamps found no leakage
xii Examine the HV bushing for sings of damage, burning etc. Checked / Replaced
Replace if defective. Ensure RTV on base.
xiii Check the availability of hosepipe over the oil pipe OK
compensator
xiv Check the main TFP and its protection cover for Checked & Found
damage/crack & oil leakage. (RDSO/TC/076) intact
xv Check the oil leakage from TFP bushing No leakage
xvi Check/attend stoochi coupling pipes of conservator for Intact/ No leakage
proper layout and fitment and attend for any leakage
xvii Check the deformity of TFP drain cock cover guard, if Checked / Replaced
deformed, replace it.

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 19

2.5 MAIN TRANSFORMER (AOH) SCHEDULE

1. MAIN TRANSFORMER (AOH)

i Perform the sample test on transformer oil. Check specific OK
value of BDV and moisture, acidity & DGA.
ii Oil centrifuging to be done. And used separate plant for 72 Hrs.
different transformer oil. & check oil as per SMI 158.
iii Replace the silica gel with new crystals Blue
iv Read off the oil level on the gauge situated on the Middle strip +/-
conservator. Top up the oil as necessary and 6
check for any signs of leakage No leakage
v Prismatic level gauge-clean the gauge with a dry cloth and Cleaned &
check for leaks No leakage
vi Visually inspect the high voltage cable at the main OK
transformer connection for damage or oil contamination.
Replace the cable if damaged or if contaminated with oil
vii Examine the flanges of the pipe couplings and flexible hose Checked & Found
that link the transformer and conservator intact
viii Visually inspect & clean the electrical connection to the Intact
insulator and condition of insulator for crack & Red marking
to be done.
ix Check visually condition of foundation bolts of transformer Intact
and Nylock nuts for proper locking
x Check / attend the condition of earthing shunts of transformer Intact
body (RDSO/SMI/0248 dated 22.11.2007)
xi Visually inspect the condition of oil cooling metallic pipes, Checked /
check for leakage / damage & check all fixing clamps and Intact /
also check the drain cock, isolating cock for oil leakage &
No leakage/
clean it.
cleaned
xii Examine the HV bushing for sings of damage, burning etc. Checked &
Replace, if defective. Cleaned
xiii Check the availability of hosepipe over the oil pipe OK
compensator.
xiv Check the main TFP and its protection cover for Checked & Found
damage/crack & oil leakage. (RDSO/TC/076) intact
xv Check the oil leakage from TFP bushing No Leakage
xvi Examine the bushing for signs of damage, burning etc. Checked &
Renew if defective. Clean off all deposits and dirt from the Cleaned
insulators
xvii Check conservator foundation welding and conservator stand Intact
bolts for tightness & ensure provision of double nut
xviii Check / attend Stoochi coupling pipes of conservator for Intact
proper layout and fitment and attend for any leakage

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

20 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

2.6 MAIN TRANSFORMER (IOH) SCHEDULE

1. MAIN TRANSFORMER (IOH)

i Perform the sample test on transformer oil. Check specific OK
value of BDV and moisture, acidity & DGA.
ii Oil centrifuging to be done. And used separate plant for 72 Hrs.
different transformer oil. & Maintenance oil as per SMI
158.
iii Replace the silica gel with new crystals. Blue.
iv Read off the oil level on the gauge situated on the Middle strip +/- 6.
conservator. Top up the oil as necessary and check for any No leakage.
signs of leakage.
v Prismatic levels gauge-clean the gauge with a dry cloth and Cleaned & No
check for leaks. leakage.
vi Visually inspect the high voltage cable at the main OK.
transformer connection for damage or oil contamination.
Replace the cable if damaged or if contaminated with oil.
vii Examine the flanges of the pipe couplings and flexible hose Checked & Found
that link the transformer and conservator. intact.
viii Visually inspect & clean the electrical connection to the Intact.
insulator and condition of insulator for crack.
ix Check foundation bolts of transformer with proper torque Intact.
and Nylock nuts for proper locking.
x Check / attend the condition of earthing shunts of Intact.
transformer body (RDSO/SMI/0248 dated 22.11.2007)
xi Visually inspect the condition of oil cooling metallic pipes, Checked Intact
check for leakage / damage & check all fixing clamps. And found no leakage.
also check the drain cock, isolating cock for oil leakage &
clean it.
xii Examine the HV bushing for sings of damage, burning etc. Checked & Cleaned.
Replace if defective & ensure red marking.
xiii Check the availability of hosepipe over the oil pipe OK.
compensator.
xiv Check the main TFP and its protection cover for damage / Checked & Found
crack & oil leakage. (RDSO/TC/076) intact.
xv Check the oil leakage from TFP bushing. No Leakage
xvi Examine the bushing for signs of damage, burning etc. Checked & Cleaned.
Renew if defective. Clean off all deposits and dirt from the
insulators.
xvii Check conservator foundation welding and conservator Intact.
stand bolts for tightness & ensure provision of double nut.
xviii Check/ Attend Stoochi pipes of conservator for proper Intact.
layout and fitment and attend for any leakage.
xix Replace all rubberized cork sheet and bushing oil seal & Done
gasket as per TC-76.

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 21

2.7 MAIN TRANSFORMER POH SCHEDULE

Figure 2.1 Lifting of Transformer Winding

01 Visually inspect the electrical connections, earthing cable, bushing and insulators on
the main transformer for cracks, chips and evidence of impact damage. Renew if
defective. Clean the connectors and replace any damaged chipped or cracked
insulators.
02 Test oil sample for BDV, DGA, acidity and other lab tests. DGA to be done as per
RDSO SMI (RDSO/SMI/138 & OEM Doc. Dt. 27th Nov. 1995).Incoming oil test.
03 Check any leakage sign of oil from bushing, tank, pipe line, oil gauge
If any attend the same/replased.
04 Visually inspect the condition of oil cooling metallic pipes, check for leakage /
damage & check all fixing clamps. Ensure instructions contained in RDSO s letter
no. EL/3.2.1/3-Ph dated 30.07.09 for arresting oil leakages cases.
05 Examine the flanges of the pipe couplings and flexible hose that link the transformer
and conservator.
06 Maintenance of assembly of electrical terminal of traction winding bushing 2U1-
2V1, 2U2-2V2, 2U3-2V3 & 2U4-2V4 in indigenously manufactured transformers
type LOT 6500/7500 used in 3-phase drive locomotives type WAG9/WAP5.(
RDSO/ELRS/SMI/0228 dt. 13.08.02)
07 Replace all sealing gaskets including tank cover gasket.
08 Replace all rubberized cork sheet.
09 Replace all TFP bushings rubber seals
10 Cleaned the transformer winding & tank with filtered transformer oil.
11 Fit the tank & bushing cover with new gasket
12 Fit the all bushings, safety valve, temperature censer, gate valve, drain cock with
new gasket.
13 Dry out the windings moisture in vacuumed drying plant & fill the filtered oil.
14 Carry out Insulation Resistance test and Tan delta test.
15 Check the winding resistance, inductance and continuity test , ratio test of the
windings.
16 Replace Transformer foundation bolts and bushing nuts.& Tighten with proper
torque.
17 Prismatic level gauge Clean the gauge with dry cloth to check for leaks. If any
attend it.
18 Replace the silica gel , in clean & attended breather assembly.
19 Replace the transformer oil. .
20 Conduct centrifuging of the oil (Use separate plant, the shell DIALA-DX oil should
not be mixed with any other type of transformer Oil).
21 Check the oil level on the gauge situated on the conservator. Top up if required and
any sign of leakage.
22 Finally cleaned & paint the transformer with accessories.
Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015
22 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

2.7.1 Painting Procedure

Cleaning the affected area

Using sand paper or a sander to smooth down and clean the affected area, a smooth
transition to the intact paintwork must be made. Cover the area with primer by including the
intact paint work out side.

Top coating (Painting of transformer)

Once the primer has been applied, wait at least 6 hours to apply the top coating. It
can be applied by painting, rolling or spraying. The drying time at room temperature of
about 20C is 6 hours; at temperatre of 60C it is 1 hour.

Primer Two component epoxy resin

Coating Two component polyurethane paint

2.8 PROCEDURE FOR REPLACEMENT OF BUSHINGS

Removal of bushings

The gaskets and the washers outside of the transformer can be replaced without
removing the transformer lid. The oil level has to be decreased to 50mm from the lower side
of the lid. Once the electrical terminals has been removed, the fixing nut can be untightened.

Assembly

Clan the contact surface before assembling, No oil or glue must be applied on the
gaskets. Fit the gaskets with the insulator and the corresponding washers on the bolt. Before
tightening the fixing nut make sure that the inner insulator mates on the positioning wedge.

Once the bushing has been assembled, tighten the fixing nut with a dynamometer
(tightening torque). To ensure the tightness of the gasket, retighten the nut a few hours later.
The oil level must be topped off to normal level, Use the filling system for this reason. The
transformer has to be vented after oil filling.

Gaskets of lid

In order to avoid leakages

between the upper frame of the tank
and the lid, the fixing bolts must be
tightened with the following
tightening torque. It has to be
applied on the nut where accessible.

Figure 2.2 Gaskets of Lid

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 23

2.9 TRANSFORMER OIL CHECK

Taking oil samples

Only clean and dry sample containers should be used. These containers must not
contain any traces of cleaning fluids. Before taking oil samples, clean the draining valve on
the transformer; 5 litres of oil should then be drained off; after that the sample container
should be rinsed using roughly litre of oil. The oil sample must be protected from light.

The following are recommended as sample containers:

- glass bottles made out of dark-coloured glass, with a polished glass stopper.
- Tinned steel cans with a screw top.
- Clear glass bottle which should be covered with an opaque cover after the sample
has been taken.

The oil sample should be at least 2 litres. For laboratory tests, 5 litres are required. If an
oil sample is required to determine the amount of water gas or air content, then special
vacuum bottles should be used. In such a case we recommend that we should be notified
about the preparation of bottles and suction equipment.
Checking for any solid impurities in the oil.

A test tube should be filled with the oil sample and held up against a light source. If
there are any solid impurities in the oil, then the oil from which the sample comes should be
filtered.

Simple test for water content

This is done using the so-called Spatter-test, i.e. the oil sample heated in the test
tube up to 105-110C. If there is any water in the oil then this will be noticeable if the oil
cracles, snaps or bubbles. If the oil is overheated then the presence of water is falsely
indicated; the upper temperature should therefore not be exceeded.

Dielectric strength (IEC test)

In accordance with the IEC standard 156 (which also complies with the Swiss
standard), this test should be performed using 12.5mm ball electrodes with a diameter of
2.5mm or with the half ball electrodes (so-called VDE Kalloten) also with a diameter of
2.5mm. The oil sample (temperature 15-25C) should be slowly poured (to avoid air
bubbles) into the clean test container; the test should be carried out immediately. The
voltage should be increased evenly up to break down at a rate of 2 kV/second; this should be
carried out 6 consecutive times. After each time the space between the electrodes must be
free of traces of breakdown; use a clean and dry glass rod (diameter 2mm) and move it
slowly in-between the two electrodes. All six break down voltages should be noted and the
arithmetic average calculated (i.e. the sum of the individual values divided by six). None of
the individual values should lie more than 15% below the average value, otherwise the test
must be repeated using a new oil sample.

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

24 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

2.10 TESTING OF LOCO TRANSFORMER

2.10.1 Tests

Following common tests to be carried out in the transformer either in case of failure or
during overhauling in oil filled conditions.

a. Insulation resistance test.(Meggering)

b. Continuity test
c. Winding resistance test
d. Ratio test
e. Winding inductance test

a. Meggering

Check the insulation resistance of windings. It should be minimum 2100 M ohms.

Primary to earth by 2.5 kV megger.

Secondary to earth by 1 kV megger.
Primary to secondary by 2.5 kV megger.
Primary to BUR. by 2.5 kV megger.
BUR. to earth by 1 kV megger.
Secondary to BUR. by 1 kV megger.
Primary to H.L. by 2.5 kV megger.
H.L. to earth. by 1 kV megger.
GOD Terminal. to earth. by 1 kV megger.
SOD Terminal. to earth. by 1 kV megger.

b. Continuity Test

Check the continuity of the following windings with the multimeter:

Primary winding
Secondary windings
BUR winding
H.L. winding.
SOD. winding.
GOD. winding.

c. Winding Resistance Test

SN WINDING RESISTANCE VALUE

LOT-6500 LOT 7500
1 Primary winding
2 Secondary
windings
3 BUR
winding
4 H.L.
winding.
5 SOD. winding
6 GOD. winding

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 25

d. Ratio Test / Polarity Test.

Apply 230V a.c. supply to the primary winding of the transformer across 1U
1V and check the voltage appearing at the following terminals.

1 And 2V1 2V1 & 2U2 Sorted 23.35 V

4 2U3 & 2U4. 2V3 & 2U4 Sorted 23.35 V
5 2U1 & 2U2 2V1 & 2V2 Sorted 0V
6 2U3 & 2U4 2V3 & 2V4 Sorted 0V

e. Winding inductance test

SN WINDING INDUCTANCE VALUE
LOT-6500 LOT 7500
1 Primary winding
2 Secondary windings
3 BUR winding
4 H.L. winding.
5 SOD. winding
6 GOD. winding
2.11 TESTING EQUIPMENT
LIST OF TESTING INSTRUMENTS
Sr.No. Instrument Make / Model No. Range/Capacity
1 Power Analyzer Yokogawa / WT 330 or similar As per manual
2 100 KV HV Test set SEV or similar 100 KV, 100 mA
3 100 KV Motorised Oil Test Set SEV or similar 0-100 KV
4 Ratio meter (TR100) Fifty Hertz / TR100 or similar --
5 Digital Micro ohm meter Prestige / PE-17RP or similar As per manual
6 Digital Megger Megger Co. or similar 5KV
7 Digital Frequency meter Prestige or similar 200 HZ

Power analisor Megger Voltage Ratio Meter

Oil BDV Tester 100 kV HV SET Micro Ohm Meter

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

26 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

2.12 INSTALLATION OF THE TRANSFORMER ON LOCOMOTIVE

During assembly in the locomotive, the main valves of the transformer stay closed.
Lift the transformer slowly under the under frame of the locomotive. Make sure that the two
centering pins fit in the corresponding hole.
The transformer has 4 fixing points each with 4 bolts. So that the bolts are relived of
any strains caused by share forces in the horizontal and vertical directions, a centering pin is
provided on two diagonally opposite fixing points. The fixing plates are covered with a layer
of paint to prevent corrosion which could between aluminium and steel.
The mounting surfaces are made in such a way that the exchange of the transformer
is guaranteed; tolerances have been taken into account.
Assemble the hot dip galvanized washers under the supports when assembling the
bolts. Tighten the fixing bolts with 675 Nm.

a. Fitting of Oil Piping

Before removing the blanking flanges make sure that all blocking valves are
closed. They stay closed during the whole installation.
Special care must be taken to ensure that all pipes, pumps and coolers have been
thoroughly cleaned and flushed with insulation oil before one proceeds with
assembling.

b. Fitting of the angled connector

Before the angled connector can be fitted onto the bushing, the bushing must
be properly cleaned. No dirt should be trapped in the connection. To allow easy
fitting, the bushing should be slightly greased with silicon. When mounting the
angled connector care should be taken that no air is trapped inside. The connector
can be vented using a nylon thread on the bushing, which is pulled out when the
angled connector is fitted.

c. Electrical Connections

The electrical terminations of the bushings have to be carried out in a way,

that the nut 11.1 stay accessible to be re-tightened.

Electrical connections must not be numb. They should be made flexible so

that the bushing isnt stained. Cable connections should be made with a loop, for
bars use flexible ribbon to connect them
on the bushing.

When assembling the electrical

connections, make sure that the nut 11.1
does not become loose. Keep a distance
of min. 3 mm between the 2nuts. After
assembling of the connection re-tighten
the nut 11.1. The tightening torque for
each type of bushing is indicated in the
table given below

Figure 2.3 Electrical Connection

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 27

Tightening torque and max. horizontal load for DIN bushings

DIN type Drawing no. D Section (mm2) M F
Bolt Extern.
DT 1/250 HSTN 310 500 M12 74.5 84.3 10 50
DT 1/ 630 HSTN 310 501 M 20 220 245 30 60
DT 1/1000 HSTN 310 502 M 30 x 2 596 621 65 80
DT 1/2000 HSTN 310 503 M 42 x 3 1150 1210 150 100

d. Earthing Terminal Fitting

In order to avoid discharges and unwanted failures, all metallic parts inside
and outside the transformer are earthed. The earthings of the transformer active part
and the reactors are connected with each other via the tank.
The marked earthing terminals have to be connected to the locomotives
earthing terminals.

Figure 2.4 Inside Earthing Figure 2.5 Outside Earthing

e. Filling the remaining oil

Once the transformer has been installed in the locomotive and all piping
connections to the heat exchanger and the pump have been made, it is necessary to
fill the remainder of the cooling system with oil. The oil used must comply with the
relevant specifications. Casting doubt on, an oil test has to be carried out.
The transformer main valves should only be opened when all pipes and the
heat exchanger have been filled with oil and vented. No air should enter the
transformer assembly from the piping or the heat exchanger.

f. Filling with oil barrel

The barrel with the insulation oil has to be brought on a higher level than the
lid of the transformer, join the oil barrel with a flexible pipe to the draining tap (13.1/
13.3). All apparatus must be cleaned and free of dirt and moisture . Fit a silica
breather to the barrels breather port.

g. Filling with pump

The oil filling system, which should be suitable to a standard oil barrel
standing vertically, must not exceed a flow of 5litre/min and it must contain a no
return valve. All apparatus must be cleaned and free of dirt and moisture. Fit a silica
gel breather to the barrels breather port. Fit the filling system with a flexible pipe to
the draining tap (13.1/13.3). Start pumping and drive any air out of the filling
system.
Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015
28 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

h. Venting the pipe work and heat exchangers

Make sure that there isno air in the filling hose. Crack open the drawing tap
(13.1/13.3). Open the venting tap (13.2) on the heat exchanger until oil runs out.
Close venting tap (13.2) and draining tap (13.1/ 13.3). Repeat this procedure on the
opposite side. Connect the filling hose to the draining tap (13.4/ 13.6) and vent the
pipe with venting screw (13.5) on the heat exchanger.

If during the filling process a change of barrel is required, stop pumping

before air is drawn into the system. Close the venting and the filling tap, change the
barrel, run the pump and drive any air out of the filling system. Continue filling.

Figure 2.6 Transformer Layout in the Loco

i. Oil pumping

Before the pump is put up into action, make sure that the pumps, piping and
heat exchanger are filled with oil. Never start the pump without oil.

j. Checking the direction of rotation

Remove the screw plug (14.1) and push the head face on the shaft of the
rotation indicator (14.2). The rotation direction of the pump is correct when the
rotation indicator turns in the same direction as the arrow. After completing the
check, refit the screw plug (14.1)

Figure 2.7 Transformer Layout in the Loco

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives
CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 29

k. Venting

Once all pumps, pipes and heat exchangers are filled up with oil, the
transformer main valves can be opened. Secure the valves in open position. To drive
any remaining air out of the system, put the two oil pumps in operation for 30
seconds. Let the whole system resting during 30 minutes. Connect the filling system
to one of the draining taps, put it into action and crack open all vent plugs (15.1) on
the transformers lid until oil leaks out. Repeat this procedure until the total breathing
of the system. Adjust the oil level in the expansion tank after.

Figure 2.8 Transformer Assembly Venting Layout

2.13 CHECK POIINTS WHILE MAINTENANCE

a. Oil Level Check

The oil level in the expansion tank has to be checked each time beore
switching on the transformer and in case of non use at least every 6 months. The oil
level in the expansion tank must be equal to the corresponding temperature mark on
the sight glass (17.3)

b. Oil Level beneath the corresponding temperature mark

In case of the oil level is under the corresponding temperature mark, oil can
be added directly by the filling plug on the expansion tank. The oil used must
comply with the relevant specification.

c. Oil level not visible on the sight glass

If the oil level isnt visible on the sight glass (17.3), the transformer must not
be switched on. The oil must not be toped off by the filling plug on the expansion
tank. One have to control the distance between the lid and the oil level in the
transformer. For this reason open one of the vent plug on the transformer lid and
measure the distance between the upper side of the plug and the oil level. If the
distance is lower than 100mm the oil can be topped off by the draining valve of the
transformer or the pipes between transformer and heat exchanger. The transformer
has to be vented after.

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

30 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

If the distance between upper side of the plug and the oil level is more than
100mm then the level can only be topped off under vacuum conditions. For this
reason the transformer must be removed from the locomotive and put in a vacuum
oven.
d. Oil level above the corresponding temperature mark.
If the oil level is above the
corresponding temperature mark, oil can
be drained by the draining valve on the
transformer.

Figure 2.9 Expansion Tank

e. Silica Gel Breather

According to the atmospheric conditions, the colour of the silica gel should
be checked roughly every six months. When more than half of it is pink (saturated
with water), then it should be replaced. The saturated silica gel can then be dried out.
Put it in an oven and increase the temperature slowly min 115C to max. 150C.
Keep the temperature until the silica gel turns blue again. Silica gel should not be
dried-up in sun light as because of insufficient heat only the outer layer gets dried up.

However, this process should not be repeated too many times; after a while
the silica gel appears to be not so effective, probably due to the ingress of dirt.

Good Condition

Bad Condition

Figure 2.10 Silica Gel

f. Leakage of expansion tank

Whenever breather, silica gel colour more than half got pink (saturated with
water)

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 31

2.14 TRANSFORMER OIL

The transformer unit is filled with 2000 kg of mineral oil. The oil serves as a
cooling and insulating agent.

2.14.1 Oil Specification

Ref. no Characteristic Unit Value Test method

00001 Ident. Text -- Insulation oil T1
00002 Ident no. -- NBT 402614P0201
01000 Description -- The insulation oil T1 is a pure
mineral product without any
additive; it is used in transformer
and switch gear.
01120 Density at 20C g/ml 0.895 ISO 3675
DIN 51757
01500 Delivery instructions -- ZN 02125
01800 Documentation -- ZLC documentation and QZ
HSTC 419458
05100 Colour -- Pale yellow to yellow
07900 Special properties -- The oil is not cloudy and is free of
solid particles and water
26350 Pour point C - 30 ISO 3016
IEC class IA - 45 ASTM D 97-66
IEC class IIA DIN 51597
29300 Flash point in a C 130 ISO2719
enclosed crucible ASTM D 93 66
DIN 51758
22500 Thermal expansion K-1 Standard NB
coefficient 214200
31300 Dielectric loss factor -- 0.005 IEC publ. 247-1978
tan at 90C 50 Hz VDE 0370/ 12.78
35300 Break-down voltage kV 50 IEC publ. 156
43700 Interface tension mN/m 40 ASTM D 971-50
45100 Cinematic viscosity mm2/s 25 ISO 3104
At + 20C 11
At + 40C 800
At 15C class IEC 1800
IA
At 30C class IIA
51370 Corrosive sulphur -- None DIN 51353
content
55100 Neutralisation value mgKOH/g 0.03 IEC Publ. 296-1978
55350 Aniline point C 80 ISO 2977
DIN 51775

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

32 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

2.14.2 Purification of Transformer Oil

Figure 2.11 Purification of Transformer Oil

The object of oil purification is to remove all contaminants such as water, carbon
deposits, dirt, sludge, dissolved moisture and gases. The most important quality to be
preserved is the di-electric strength, which is affected by the presence of moisture.
The insulating materials used in the winding are hygroscopic by nature and therefore
moisture is absorbed through defective breathers, gaskets and addition of untreated make up
oil. It is essential to remove these impurities by purifying the oil when the dielectric strength
goes below the permissible limits.
The purification plant should be capable of removing dissolved air/ moisture in the
form of free and finely dispersed water vapour and moisture in solution, sludge and fibers,
gases, carbonaceous products formed due to arcing and drum scale or any other solid
particles from insulating oil.
The plant should be capable of purifying the rated capacity of transformer oil to the
following parameters in maximum three phases.

a. Suspended impurities maximum 1 micron particle size.

b. Water content from 100 ppm to less than 5 ppm
c. Gas removal from fully saturated i.e. 10 to 12% by volume with air/gas
down to less than 0.25%
d. Acidity correction with addition of clay filters the neutralization index should go
down from 0.5 to 0.05 mg KOH/ gm
of oil.
e. Dielectric strength Minimum 60 kV
f. Dissipation factor of
oil/ tan delta at 90C 0.002

The switching ON & OFF of the heater groups should be thermostatically controlled
so that the temperature of the oil during treatment is not be permitted to rise above 60C.
Operating vacuum should be better than 1 torr.

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 33

Filtration of EHV grade oil to be carried out at a vacuum level of 98% at a

temperature of 60 degree C and of inhibited oil at a pressure of 0.15 torcillie at a
temperature of 60 degree C, provided the specific resistance is within limits. Filtration
should continue till such time the oil is completely dried. Check the filtered oil sample for
electrical strength and water content and if these parameters are within the limits, the oil is
fit for use and if not, repeat filtration till electric strength and water content are within limits.

Water content in Oil

Test : Water content (PPM)

Test method : As per IS:335-1983
Periodicity : IC/ AOH/ IOH/ POH
Permissible limit : 35 PPM (Max.)
Requirement of new oil : 25 PPM (max.)

Figure 2.12 Water content test set

Acidity in Oil

Test : Total Acidity

Test method : As per IS:1448-67
Periodicity : IC/ AOH/ IOH/ POH
Permissible limit : 0.5mg KOH/gm (Max.)
Requirement of new oil : 0.03mg KOH/gm (Max.)

Figure 2.13 Acidity Test Set

Oil breakdown voltage
Test : Electrical Strength (Break down voltage)
Test method : As per IS:6792-72
Periodicity : IC/ AOH/ IOH/ POH
Permissible limit : 30KV (rms)(min.)
Requirement of new oil : 60 KV (rms)

Flash point
Test : Flash point
Test method : As per IS: 1448-1970
Periodicity : IOH/ POH
Permissible limit : 125 deg. C (Min)
Requirement of new oil : 140 deg. C (Min)

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

34 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

INSULATION RESISTANCE DURING DRYING OUT

Readings of temperature and insulation resistance should be recorded every two

hours, from commencement until the full operation is completed. If these readings are
plotted on a graph, the appearance will be as shown in fig.
INSULATION RESISTANCE IN MEG OHMS

TEMPERATURE
Figure 2.14 Insulation Resistance Graph

It is observed that there are four distinct stages:

A. Initially the insulation resistance drops down to a low value because of rise in
temperature of the oil up to about 60 degree C.

B. Insulation resistance will continue to remain at a low level despite temperature being
maintained at a high level until most of the moisture from the windings and oil has
been driven out.

C. The insulation resistance will thereafter rise gradually and level off, indicating that all
moisture has been driven out and the drying out operation has been completed. At
this point oil circulation should be discontinued.

D. As the oil cools off, the insulation resistance will rise much above the leveling off
point at the end stage (C). This is because the insulation resistance value doubles for a
fall in temperature of about 10C to 15C.

2.14.3 Condition Monitoring Of Transformer by Dissolved Gas Analysis

Test : Dissolve gas analysis

Test method : As per SMI 138
Periodicity : IC/ AOH/ IOH/ POH
Permissible limit : As per SMI 138
Requirement of new oil : --

Figure 2.15 DGA Analysis Set (A)

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 35

A. Introduction
In order to detect incipient faults in the transformer and to arrest
deterioration/ damage to the transformer insulation, gases dissolved in the
transformer oil are detected, analysed and preventive measures adopted.
Gas Chromatography method is used for detection of the dissolved gases and
identification of incipient faults. The most significant gases generated by
decomposition of oil and deterioration of paper insulation on the conductor are
hydrogen, methane, ethane, ethylene and acetylene. The quantities of these gases
dissolved in transformer oil vary depending upon the type and severity of the fault
conditions.

B. Sensitivity Limits
Gas Chromatography apparatus should be able to detect the following
minimum concentration of dissolved gases:
Hydrogen : 5 ppm
Hydrocarbon : 1 ppm
Carbon oxides : 25 ppm

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

36 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

Figure 2.16 DGA Gas Extraction System

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 37

C. Establishment of Reference Values/ Bench Marks

To establish a reference value/ bench mark, gas as generated from initial

sample of oil from each healthy transformer should be collected. Results of the
analysis are taken as a reference value/ benchmark. Results of later periodic analysis
are compared with the benchmark for each transformer.
D. Establishment of Norms
The contents of various dissolved gases in the transformer oil vary with
design and operating conditions. It is desirable that the values of concentration of
gases of healthy transformers of different age groups are to be gathered by the
Railways concerned to evolve suitable norms. However, as a starting point, the
permissible concentrations of dissolved gases in the oil of a healthy transformer are
given below as guidelines:

Gas Less than 4 years 4-10 years in More than 10 years

in service (ppm) service (ppm) in service (ppm)
Hydrogen (H2) 100/150 200/300 200/300
Methane (CH4) 50/70 100/150 200/300
Acetylene (C2 H2) 20/30 30/50 100/150
Ethylene (C2 H4) 100/150 150/200 200/400
Ethane (C2 H6) 30/50 100/150 800/1000
Carbon dioxide (CO2) 3000/3500 4000/5000 9000/12000
E. Diagnosis of Fault

Basic Diagnosis of DGA is based upon the quantities of gases generated.

Types of gases in excess of norms produced by oil decomposition/ cellulosic
material depend upon the hot spot temperature produced by faults.

Characteristics of gases associated with various faults are as under:

Methane (CH4) Low temperature hot spot

Ethane (C2 H6)
Ethylene (C2 H4)
Acetylene (C2 H2)
Hydrogen (H2)
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
Carbon monoxide (CO)
High temperature hot spot
Strong over heating
Arcing
Partial discharge
Thermal decomposition of paper insulation

F. Word of Caution

To start with the diagnosis, it is necessary to be satisfied that measured gas

concentrations are significant and high enough to warrant diagnosis, because some
amount of gases will always be there due to normal operating conditions without any
fault but it can be sufficient to be misleading. The reasons for the situation are:

Gases formed during the refining processes and not completely removed by oil
degassing.

Gases formed during drying and impregnating the transformer in sheds/

workshops.

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

38 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

Gases formed in the event of previous faults and not completely removed from
the oil-impregnated insulation before being refilled with degassed oil.

Gases formed during repairs by brazing, welding, etc.

G. Procedure for Fault Diagnosis

Obtain the results of concentration of various gases in terms of microlitre (ppm).

Compare the concentrations with sensitivity limits. These should be at least ten
times the sensitivity.

If it exceeds sensitivity limits, compare with benchmarks.

If it exceeds benchmarks, compare concentrations with norms depending upon

age and design of transformer.

If one or more gases are above norms, compare with the last sample results; if
increase is sufficient, obtain a check sample.

If the check sample confirms the results, calculate the rate of increase of gas. If
rate of increase is more than 10% per month, it is considered rapid and warrants
immediate further investigations including lifting of core and internal inspection.

If the gas production rate is medium, i.e., less than 10% per month, sampling
frequency to be increased from quarterly to monthly.

Take a planned shut down for further investigation.

*****

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 39

Figure 2.17 Typical Arrangement in a Gas Chromotograph

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

40 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

Figure 2.18 Sample Strip Chart

Recording
Dissolve Gas Analysis (DGA)

Dos
1. Give sufficient time for stabilization.
2. Replaced the saptan after every 15 injection
3. Check sapton before start the equipment.
4. Keep standby colomn.
5. Use stabilization electricity with proper earthing.
6. Flush the syringe after each injection.
7. While fire use proper fire extinguisher.
8. Check all leakage before testing.

Donts

1. Dont start TCD before opening of gas.

2. Dont increase filament current out of safe limit.
3. Dont excess gas flow in column.

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 41

CHAPTER 3

MODEL QUESTIONS

3.1 OBJECTIVE

1. Before starting work on faulty circuit it should be ensured that

a. The faulty circuit has been isolated from power supply and earthed.
b. The worker is capable to do the work.
c. The connections are not approachable.
d. None of the above.

2. One can protect himself from electric shock by wearing hand gloves of good.
a. Conducting material
b. Insulating material
c. Semiconductor material
d. Any of the above.

3. Which of the following are safety precautions?

a. Dont touch live wire or equipment with bare hands.
d. Before switching on DJ, see no one is working inside loco.
c. Use insulated melting and hand gloves.
d. All of the above.

4. Which material is recommended as fire extinguisher in electrical cases?

a. Carbon tetra chloride
b. Carbon dioxide
c. Sulphur hexafluoride
d. Any of the above.

5. The BDV of transformer oil should be

a. 20kV
b. 30kV
c. 40kV
d. 50kV

6. The colour of moisturized silica gel is

a. Pink
b. Blue
c. Yellow
d. Green

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

42 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

7. The material filled in breather of transformer is

a. Silicagel
b. Sulphuric acid
c. SF6
d. Mineral oil

8. The protective device to internal fault in a transformer is

a. Current relay
b. Bucholz
c .Lead
d. Silicon steel

9. Three phase Loco Transformer Tank & Lid made of material.

a. Iron
b. Copper
c. Stainless Steel
d. Aluminium

10. Which of the following is not the function of transformer oil

a. Cooling of winding and core.
b. Providing additional insulation
c. Media for are quenching
d. Provides inducting coupling

11. Transformer oil should be free from

a. Odour
b. Gases
c. Temperature
d. Moisture

12. The short circuit test of a transformer gives

a. Copper loss at full load
b. Copper loss at half load
c. Iron loss at any load.
d. Sum of iron loss and copper loss.

13. The type of oil, which is suitable as transformer oil is

a. Crude oil
b. Organic oil
c. Mineral oil
d. Animal oil

14. Transformer is an example of

a. Current transformer
b. Potential transformer
c. Auto transformer
d. All of the above

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 43

15. The colour of fresh transformer oil is

a. Pale yellow
b. Dark brown
c. Blue
d. Colourless

16. The purpose of conservator tank in a transformer is to

a. Monitor oil level
b. Top up the oil
c. Both a & b above
d. None of the above.

17. The saturated silica gel can be dried out in the oven at the max temperature until
silica gel turn blue again.
a. 60C
b. 160C
c. 150C
d. 115C

18. The oil sample container should be rinsed sample oil quantity
a. Ltrs.
b. 1 Ltrs.
c. 2 Ltrs.
d. 1 Ltrs.

19. The oil sample are require to test.

a. 2 Ltrs.
b. 3 Ltrs.
c. 4 Ltrs.
d. 5 Ltrs.

20. Dielectric strength of oil should be performed using 12.5 mm ball electrodes with a
gap of-
a. 04mm
b. 05mm
c. 2.5mm
d. 03mm

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

44 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

3.2. FILL IN THE BLANKS

1. Transformer is a .device

2. G-9 Loco transformer has.windings

3. G-9 Loco transformer has..tank
4. G-9 Loco Required variable voltage is achieved by the use of ..
5. An emf induced in a coil due to variation of flux in another coil is called
6. The coils of a transformer are wound on a core of .material

7. The conductors used in HV and LV windings of loco transformer are

8. In G-9 Loco The primary side is protected from the voltage surges by means of
.placed on the roof of the locomotive.
9. The auxiliary winding is protected from sudden rises in voltage by means of
connected across the winding.
10. Ingress of moisture is prevented by means of .
11. The complete cooling arrangement includes.., ..and..
12. The oil pump and the cooler are connected to the conservator by

13. The breather is attached to and contains

14. Pink colour of silica gel indicates..
15. The colour of transformer oil become dark brown, it indicates presence of

16. Operating vacuum of transformer oil purification plant shoul be .

17. DGA stands for ..

18. Transformer must never be lift without its.
19. Oil BDV Test six consecutive reading should not lie more then
20. The lifting ropes should not make a smaller angle then.with the horizontal.

3.3 SAY TRUE OR FALSE

1. Transformer transforms power from one AC circuit to another AC circuit, at same

frequency.
2. Transformer can raise or lower the voltage.
3. Transformer can raise or lower the frequency.
4. Two circuits in a transformer linked by a common magnetic flux through a path of
low reluctance.
5. In case of step up transformer, the transformation ratio will be more than one.

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 45

6. Constructional features of a loco transformer are more or less same other power
transformer.
7. 25 kV condenser/ cable head bushing is mounted on the top of the tank cover.
8. The cooling arrangement of the loco transformer is force oil forced air type.
9. In G-9 Loco the complete cooling equipment is mounted on the cover of the loco
transformer.
10. In G-9 Loco spring-loaded safety valve is fitted to the top of the conservator.
11. Presence of moisture in transformer oil is highly desirable.
12. The oxygen present in transformer reacts with insulation and forms an organic
acid.
13. The solid impurities present in insulation oil strengthen its dielectric strength as
well as insulation of windings.
14. The slackness of winding is desirable factor to create electrical and magnetic
unbalance of the coils.
15. Meggering is done to check the insulation resistance of the windings.
16. The tightening torque of the bolts of tank and lid must be 70 Nm.
17. To arrest the oil leakage from bushing RDSO has recommended to use ISI make
gaskets.
18. Bushing gaskets to be replaced as per TC- 076.
19. New M.S. hardware may be used in transformer flange joints fitting.
20. Periodic maintenance of transformer is essential to ensure safety, reliability and
trouble free operation of Locomotives.

ANSWERS

3.1- 1 (a), 2 (b), 3 (d), 4 (b), 5 (d), 6 (a), 7 (a), 8 (a), 9 (d), 10 (d), 11 (a),
12 (a), 13 (c), 14 (d), 15 (a), 16 (c), 17 (c), 18 (a), 19 (d), 20 (c).

3.2- 1- Static, 2- 04, 3-Aluminium Alloy, 4-GTO or IGBT, 5-Metual Induction,

6- Leminated, Silicon Steel, 7-Continuous Transposed Cu Conductor,
8- Lightening arrester, 9-RCL Damping, 10-Air dehumidifire,

11- Radiator & Blower, 12-oil Pipe, 13-Conservator, Silicagel, 14-Humid

15- Acid & Impurties, 16-1Torr, 17-Incipien fault, 18-Lid, 19-15%, 20-60.

3.3- 1-T, 2-T, 3-F, 4-T, 5-T, 6-T, 7-T, 8-T, 9-F, 10-T, 11-F,
12-T, 13-F, 14-T, 15-T, 16-T, 17-F, 18-T, 19-F, 20-T.

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

46 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

AN APPROACH TO EQUIPMENT FAILURE INVESTIGATION

A. On Failure Aspects
1. Occurrence
2. Date of occurrence
3. Past similar occurrences if any
4. Analysis of failure i.e. why did it happen?
5. Whether the rate of failure is worse than other installations?

B. On Maintenance Aspects
1. Whether schedule maintenance & required testing have been carried out on the
failed equipment as per norms stipulated?
2. Does the frequency of maintenance require change?
3. Was the work properly supervised?
4. Was any RDSO modification required to be done?
5. Is any modification possible to avoid failure?

C. About Staff
1. Is the quality of work done satisfactorily?
2. Is the skilled staff properly trained to carry out the work?
3. Is the SMI available with them?
4. Are proper tools available with the staff?
D. About Material
1. Is the material received from approved source?
2. Whether the material is as per approved specification?
3. Can a better material be used?

E. About Testing
1. Is the testing equipment available?
2. Could testing procedure be improved to weed out the failures?
3. Whether testing equipment are calibrated?

F. General Points
Whether following points were checked / performed properly?
1. Proper contact
2. Clearances
3. Capacity
4. Proper contact pressure
5. Crack detections
6. Cleaning
7. Proper connections/alignment
8. Cross checks/super checks

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 47

ANNEXURE I

Reliability Action Plan (RAP)

Condition monitoring of loco transformer by Dissolve Gas Analysis. (RDSO/SMI/138 &

OEM Doc. Dt. 27th Nov. 1995).

Replacement of bushing gaskets during IOH inspection.( ELRS/TC/0076 dt. 17.09.2002).

Maintenance of transformer oil in service.(RDSO/ELRS/SMI/158 dtd. 19.01.95).

Maintenance of assembly of electrical terminal of traction winding bushing 2U1-2V1, 2U2-

2V2, 2U3-2V3 & 2U4-2V4 in indigenously
manufactured transformers type LOT 6500/7500 used in 3-phase drive locomotives type
WAG9/WAP5.( RDSO/ELRS/SMI/0228 dt. 13.08.02)

Ensuring tightness of stuchi coupling, base plate and conservator tank foundation bolt
during overhauling. As per OEM guidelines & present
practices followed by shed.

Ensure instructtions contained in RDSOs letter no. EL/3.2.1/3-Ph dated 30.07.09 for
arresting oil leakages cases.

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015

48 CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0

REFERENCE

1. ABB Maintenance manual.

2. Electrical Technology Books.

3. RDSO SMI 138, 158

4. RDSO MS 0228.

5. RDSO TC - 076

6. Details collected from various field units (Shed and workshop).

7. Details collected from M/s High voltage Electrical Ltd. , Mumbai

6. Suggestions received during the seminar held on 30.10.2014 organised by

CAMTECH/ Gwalior.

March, 2015 Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives

CAMTECH/E/14-15/3 Loco Transformer/1.0 49

OUR OBJECTIVE

To upgrade maintenance technologies and

methodologies and achieve improvement in
productivity, performance of all Railway
assets and manpower which inter-alia would
cover reliability, availability, utilisation and
efficiency.

If you have any suggestions and any specific Comments

please write to us.

Contact person : Director (Elect.)

Postal Address : Indian railways

Centre for Advanced
Maintenance technology,
Maharajpur, Gwalior.
Pin code 474 005

Phone : 0751 2470740

0751 2470803

E-mail : direlcamtech@gmail.com

Fax : 0751 - 2470841

Maintenance Handbook on Transformer of 3 Phase Electric Locomotives March, 2015