12/3/2017 pforams@mikrotax - Orbulina universa

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Orbulina universa Suppress fossils
NB TAXA WHICH ORIGINATE IN THE OLIGOCENE ARE NOT INCLUDED YET
Classification: pf_neogene -> Globigerinidae -> Orbulina -> Orbulina universa
Sister taxa: O. suturalis, O. universa, O. sp.,

K_S 1983 20-4.JPG K_S 1983 20-7.JPG Postuma 1971 p371-4.JPG

Postuma 1971 p375-4.JPG K_S 1983 18-1.JPG K_S 1983 18-2.JPG

Postuma 1971 p371-5.JPG Postuma 1971 p375-7.JPG

Taxonomy
Citation: Orbulina universa dOrbigny, 1839
Rank: species
Basionym: Orbulina universa dOrbigny, 1839
Variants:
Biorbulina bilobata (d'Orbigny) - bilobed form [according to e.g. Stainforth et al., 1975; Saito et al., 1981, Robbins 1989]
Catalog entries: Globigerina bilobata;
Orbulina universa;
Type images:

lectotype: Globigerina bilobata holotype: Globigerina bilobata

Short diagnosis: monospecific

NB The short diagnoses are used in the tables of daughter-taxa to act as quick summaries of the differences between e.g. species of one genus. They have initially been copied from the diagnostic
characters/distinguishing features sections of the Eocene and Paleocene Atlases, they will be edited as the site is developed.

Description

Diagnostic characters: Completely spherical with final chamber entirely enveloping earlier test
Aperture:
: Numerous small openings of two distinct sizes [Aze 2011, based on Kennett & Srinivasan 1983]

Coiling direction (in extant population): mixed

Wall type: Spinose; Hispid [Aze 2011]

Test morphology: Test spherical composed of a single spherical chamber, final chamber entirely enveloping the early part of the test, which is usually reduced. In the adult, an internal
Globigerina
stage may be enveloped by the final spherical chamber. Surface densely perforate with numerous small openings of two distinct sizes

Size: >250m

Biogeography and Palaeobiology

Geographic distribution: Equatorial to subpolar.

Isotope paleobiology: Widely reported as a mixed layer species. [but placed by Aze et al. 2011 in ecogroup 4 - Open ocean sub-thermocline. Based on very light 13C and very heavy
18O. Sources cited by Aze et al. 2011 (appendix S3): Vergnaud-Grazzini (1976)]

Phylogenetic relations: O. universa

is nearly ubiquitous ;(50N and S Lat.) in tropical, subtropical, and even the Subantarctic areas where it is less frequent. B et al. (1973) observed
that populations with large tests and highest test porosities occur in tropical areas. Those with lower porosities and which decrease in mean test diameter occur in subtropical and
Subantarctic waters.

Molecular Genotypes recognised (data from PFR2 database, June 2017). References: Darling et al. 1997; Darling & Wade 2008; de Vargas et al. 1999; Morard et al. 2009; Morard et al.
2013; Ujii & Lipps 2009; Seears et al. 2012.
Orbulina universa I (33 sequences)
Orbulina universa II (4 sequences)
http://www.mikrotax.org/pforams/index.php?taxon=Orbulina%20universa&module=pf_neogene 1/2
12/3/2017 pforams@mikrotax - Orbulina universa
Orbulina universa III (113 sequences)
Most likely ancestor: Orbulina suturalis - at confidence level 4 (out of 5). Data source: Kennett & Srinivasan 1983, fig. 11.

Biostratigraphic distribution
Geological Range:
Last occurrence (top): Extant Data source: present in the plankton (SCOR WG138)
First occurrence (base): within N9 zone (14.24-15.10Ma, base in Langhian stage). Data source: Kennett & Srinivasan 1983 (recorded as G. aequilateralis)
Plot of occurrence data:

Range-bar - range as quoted above, pink interval top occurs in, green interval base occurs in.
Triangles indicate an event for which a precise placement has been suggested
Histogram - Neptune occurrence data from DSDP and ODP proceedings. Interpret with caution & read these notes
Taxon plotted: Orbulina universa , synonyms included -Biorbulina bilobata; Biorbulina universa; Orbulina bilobata; Orbulina universa; Orbulina universa bilobata; Orbulina
universa bilobate form; Orbulina universa parkerae; Orbulina universa universa; Parent: Orbulina

100%
Occurrence Freq
in Neptune Data
(% of samples t
50%

0%
Orbulina unive

Q G P Z Me To Se La Bu Aq Ch Ru Pr Ba Lu Yp Th Se Da Ma Stages
1 5 1 M13 M11 M9 M6 M5 M4 M3 M2 M1 O7 O6 O5 O4 O3 O2 O1 E16E15 E14 E13 E11 E10 E8 E7 E5 E4 P5 P4 P3 P1 P.hr Zones

Ma age (GTS 20
2

10

12

14

16

18

20

22

24

26

28

30

32

34

36

38

40

42

44

46

48

50

52

54

56

58

60

62

64

66
Primary source for this page: Kennett & Srinivisan 1983, p.86
References:
Aze, T.; Ezard, T.H.G.; Purvis, A.; Coxall, H.K.; Stewart, D.R.M.; Wade, B.S. & Pearson, P.N.P., (2011). A phylogeny of Cenozoic macroperforate planktonic foraminifera from fossil data. Biological Reviews, 86: 900-927.
d'Orbigny, A., (1839). Foraminiferes. In: de la Sagra, R. (Editor),Histoire physique et naturelle de l'Ile de Cuba. A. Bertrand, Paris, France, pp. 224.
Darling, K.F. & Wade, C.M., (2008). The genetic diversity of planktic foraminifera and the global distribution of ribosomal RNA genotypes. Mar. Micropaleontol., 67: 216238.
Darling, K.F.; Wade, C.M.; Kroon, D. & Brown, A.J.L., (1997). Planktic foraminiferal molecular evolution and their polyphyletic origins from benthic taxa. Mar. Micropaleontol., 30: 251266.
de Vargas, C.; Norris, R.; Zaninetti, L.; Gibb, S.W. & Pawlowski, J., (1999). Molecular evidence of cryptic speciation in planktonic foraminifers and their relation to oceanic provinces. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., 96:
28642868
-v-more-v-

Orbulina universa compiled by the pforams@mikrotax project team viewed: 3-12-2017

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