Chemical Bonding

Level 2
Multiple Choice

202. Which energy factor of chemical systems is of primary interest to a chemist?

1) bonding energy 3) rotational energy
2) nuclear energy 4) vibrational energy 5) translational energy
ANS: 1

203. The frequencies of light absorbed by a molecule is least dependent on

1) temperature. 3) molecular shape. 5) types of
2) bond strengths. 4) masses of atoms present. bonding orbitals.
ANS: 1

204. Which of the following compounds is incapable of hydrogen bond formation?

1) H2O 2) C2H5OH 3) C2H6 4) NH3 5) NH2OH
ANS: 3

205. Which item is always associated with the formation of chemical bonds?
1) a net increase in attractive forces in the compound as compared to attractive
forces in the separated components
2) half-filled valence orbitals in the atoms before bonding
3) eight electrons in the valence orbitals of all atoms after bonding
4) completely empty valence orbitals in the bonding atoms before bonding
5) none of these
ANS: 1

206. An element in which electrons from more than one energy level may be
involved in bond formation is
1) potassium; 2) calcium; 3) copper; 4) zinc; 5) none of these.
ANS: 3

207. Substances whose molecules have a high degree of symmetry will have
1) a low specific heat.
2) a high melting point. 4) a low heat of vaporization.
3) a high heat of fusion. 5) strong van der Waals forces.
ANS: 4

208. Most substances having molecular masses near that of water are gases at room
temperature. Water is an exception because of its
1) ionic bonds. 3) metallic bonds.
2) hydrogen bonds. 4) van der Waals forces. 5) hydro aquatic density.
ANS: 2

209. For transition-element complex ions, which sub-energy level plays a

significant role in bonding?
1) 2s 2) 2p 3) 3s 4) 3d 5) none of these
ANS: 4

210. Which of the following statements concerning the nature of a chemical bond is false?
 1) All chemical bonds form because electrons are attracted simultaneously by two
positive nuclei.
2) Metallic bonds are highly-directed covalent bonds.
3) Chemical bonds frequently have both covalent and ionic character.
4) A chemical bond represents a balance between attractive and repulsive forces.
5) Covalent bonds involve the sharing of bonding pairs of electrons.
ANS: 2

211. All chemical bonds

1) form because positive ions attract negative ions.
2) because the molecule formed contains more energy than the unbonded atoms.
3) result from one or more electrons being simultaneously attracted by two or
more nuclei.
4) result from overlapping of two electron-filled orbitals.
5) result from overlapping of unoccupied orbitals of two or more atoms.
ANS: 3

212. Which of the following is a false statement concerning the nature of a chemical bond?
1) Chemical bonds rarely form unless empty or partially filled orbitals are available.
2) A covalent bond involves the sharing of a pair of valence electrons.
3) Chemical bonds form because electrons are attracted simultaneously by two
positive nuclei.
4) Many chemical bonds have both ionic and covalent character.
5) None of these.
ANS: 5

213. Which of the following molecules has the shortest bond length?
1) N2 2) O2 3) Cl2 4) Br2 5) I2
ANS: 1

214. Some covalent radii are N = 0.75, P = 1.06, As = 1.19, Bi = 1.46 angstroms.
The corresponding radius for Sb is likely to be near
1) 1.20 angstroms. 3) 1.50 angstroms.
2) 1.35 angstroms. 4) 2.00 angstroms. 5) none of these.
ANS: 2

215. When a chlorine molecule, Cl2, is formed, the orbital overlap may be
represented by the designation:
1) p - p; 2) s - p; 3) s - s; 4) s - d; 5) p - d.
ANS: 1

216. The electrons in the valence shell of a halogen element are s2, p5.
When two halogen atoms unite
1) a transfer of an electron occurs.
2) an s orbital is completed. 4) a polar molecule forms.
3) potential energy is increased. 5) a p orbital is completed.
ANS: 5

217 Among the elements of Group IA, which orbital provides the electron most
 used in bonding?
1) s 2) p 3) sp 4) sp2 5) sp3
ANS: 1

218. Which hybridization of orbitals is present in the ammonium ion, NH4+?

1) dsp2 2) sp3 3) sp 4) sp2 5) dsp3
ANS: 2

219. Which hybridization of orbitals is present in beryllium fluoride, BeF2?

1) sp 2) sp2 3) sp3 4) dsp2 5) d2sp3
ANS: 1

220. If an s and a p orbital hybridize, two new orbitals result. What type
of bonding do these new orbitals form between carbon atoms?
1) gamma 2) alpha 3) sigma 4) pi 5) co-ordinate covalent
ANS: 3

221. The carbon-carbon triple bond contains

1) three sigma bonds.
2) one sigma and two pi bonds. 4) two sp and one sp2 orbitals.
3) two sigma and one pi bond. 5) two sp and one sp3 orbitals.
ANS: 2

222. Pi () bonding occurs in each of the species except

1) CO2; 2) C2H4; 3) CN-; 4) C6H6; 5) CH4.
ANS: 5

223. Which of the following statements describing fluorine is not correct?

1) It is the smallest halogen atom.
2) It has the highest ionization energy of the halogen elements.
3) It has a positive oxidation state when combined with oxygen.
4) It forms a covalent diatomic molecule.
5) Its ionic radius is larger than its covalent radius.
ANS: 3

224. The Group V elements can form the following pairs of ions except:
1) Sb-3, Bi-3; 2) AsO4-3, PO4-3; 3) N-3, P-3; 4) AsO3-3, PO3-3 ;
- -
5) SbH2 , BiH2 .
ANS: 4

225. Which relative atomic radii for reactants will give the most vigorous direct
union of alkali metals and halogens?
1) Large metal, small halogen
2) Large metal, large halogen 4) Small metal, large halogen
3) Small metal, small halogen 5) Equal radii of metal and halogen.
ANS: 1

226. Which substance involves bonding that is predominantly ionic?

1) H2O (s) 2) CsF (s) 3) NH3 (l) 4) SiO2 (s) 5) K(g)
ANS: 2
227. When the difference in electronegativity values of elements X and Y increases
1) the tendency to form an ionic bond increases.
2) the bond becomes less polar.
3) the shared electrons spend equal time between both atoms.
4) the energy released during bond formation decreases.
5) more information is needed.
ANS: 1

228. Which type of bonding predominates in lithium polonide, Li2Po?

1) ionic 3) molecular
2) non-polar covalent 4) van der Waals 5) polar covalent
ANS: 5

229. A pure substance melts at 1130C and does not conduct electricity in either
the solid or liquid state. The bonding in this substance is primarily
1) ionic. 3) metallic.
2) network. 4) electrovalent. 5) covalent.
ANS: 5

230. Which molecule has a Lewis structure that does not obey the octet rule?
1) NO 2) PF3 3) CS2 4) HCN 5) BF4-
ANS: 1

231. Which of the following molecules has a dipole moment?

1) CCl4 2) H2S 3) CO2 4) BC13 5) Cl2
ANS: 2

232. Consider the molecules: AsH3, BF3, BeC12. Which has(have) a dipole?
1) AsH3 3) AsH3 and BeC12
2) AsH3 and BF3 4) BF3 and BeC12 5) AsH3, BF3 & BeCl2
ANS: 1

233. Which of the following molecules are non-polar?

1) CO and CO2 3) H2O and CO
2) CO and CH4 4) CO2 and CH4 5) CH4 and H2O
ANS: 4

234. Consider the chlorides of some third row elements: (1) SCl2 (2) PCl3 (3) SiCl4
and (4) Cl2. Dipole moments could be expected in which of these chlorides?
1) 1 and 2 3) 2 and 3
2) 1, 2 and 3 4) 1, 2, 3 and 4 5) 1 and 4
ANS: 1

235. Which response includes all the following statements about BC13 molecules that
are true and no false statements?
I The B-Cl bonds are quite polar. III The Cl-B-Cl bond angles are 1090.
II The bond dipoles exactly cancel. IV BC13 molecules are polar.
V BC13 molecules are pyramidal.
 1) I, III & IV 3) II, IV & V
2) I & II 4) I, III & V 5) II, III, IV & V
ANS: 2

236. As compared with the dipole moment of CH4, we would predict that of CC14
to be (electronegativities: H = 2.1; C = 2.4; Cl = 3.0)
1) greater because the C-Cl bond is more polar than the C-H bond.
2) greater because of the greater molecular mass of CCl4.
3) greater because of the much higher boiling point of CCl4.
4) less because of the larger size of the chlorine atom.
5) essentially the same because of molecular symmetry.
ANS: 5

237. Which compound contains both ionic and covalent bonds?

1) SO2 2) H2O 3) MgC12 4) H2O2 5) NH4Cl
ANS: 2

238. The electronic configuration for carbon is 1s2 2s2 2px12py12pz0.

Which concept explains the formation of four single covalent bonds in
compounds such as methane, CH4 ?
1) Pi bonding 3) Hydrogen bonding
2) Hybridization 4) Bond overlapping 5) Coordinate covalent bonding
ANS: 2

239. The bond between the two carbon atoms in ethane, C2H6, is essentially
1) ionic. 3) single covalent.
2) polar covalent. 4) double covalent. 5) triple covalent.
ANS: 3

240. The electronegativity of chlorine is 3.0 and of iodine is 2.4. What is the
nature of the bond in ICl?
1) 50% ionic 3) Pure covalent
2) Pure ionic 4) Polar covalent 5) Coordinate covalent
ANS: 4

241. The sharing of electrons in bond formation always involves:

1) the formation of positive and negative ions.
2) lower energy content for bonded than for unbonded atoms.
3) the formation of polar molecules.
4) shared electrons being attracted more by one atom than another.
5) shared electrons being located equally near nuclei involved.
ANS: 2

242. When atoms of Element 17 combine with each other to form molecules,
which is false?
1) The molecules are diatomic.
2) The molecules have an electric dipole.
3) The substance formed is a gas under standard conditions.
4) The molecules attain a structure similar to that of a noble gas.
 5) The forces between molecules are somewhat greater in Element 17 than in
Element 18.
ANS: 2

243. What term describes the bond between atoms in a molecule of hydrogen, H2?
1) Ionic bond 3) Polar covalent bond
2) Hydrogen bond 4) Non-polar covalent bond 5) Coordinate covalent bond
ANS: 4

244. In the NH4+ structure

1) one ionic bond is present.
2) nitrogen forms three covalent bonds and one coordinate covalent bond.
3) nitrogen has lost one electron.
4) hydrogen has donated electrons to nitrogen.
5) nitrogen forms three covalent bonds and one ionic bond with hydrogen.
ANS: 2

245. Arrange the following molecules in the order of increasing bond polarity between
the atoms (i.e. begin with the least polar bond). NO MgS BaO CO F2
1) NO, MgS, BaO, CO, F2 3) CO, BaO, NO, MgS, F2
2) F2, NO, CO, MgS, BaO 4) BaO, MgS, CO, NO, F2 5) MgS, CO, F2, BaO, NO
ANS: 2

246. Arrange the following molecules in the order of increasing bond polarity between the
atoms (i.e. begin with the least polar bond). SiS O2 BeO MgO KF
1) KF, BeO, MgO, O2, SiS 3) SiS, O2, BeO, MgO, KF
2) SiS, KF, O2, MgO, BeO 4) KF, MgO, BeO, SiS, O2 5) O2, SiS, BeO, MgO, KF
ANS: 5

247. In hydrogen peroxide, H2O2, each oxygen atom must be

1) in the +1 oxidation state. 3) bonded to another oxygen atom.
2) bonded to an atom of a different 4) ion bonded.
element. 5) none of these situations.
ANS: 3

248. When two atoms have equal electronegativities

1) they cannot unite; 2) a polar bond forms; 3) ionization must take place;
4) a half-filled orbital results; 5) a pair of electrons is shared.
ANS: 5

249. Which atom has unshared electrons in its H

valence shell in the illustrated methanol molecule?
1) The O atom H-C-O-H
2) The H attached to the O
3) One H attached to the C H
4) All three Hs attached to the C
5) The carbon atom
ANS: 1
250. Select the compound which is an isomer of CH3-CH2-CH2-OH.
1) CH3-CH2-OH 3) CH2-CH2-CH2

2) CH3-CH-CH3 OH OH 5) none of these

OH 4) CH3-O-CH2-CH2-CH3
ANS: 2

251. The most covalent bond is found between which two elements based on the
electronegativity of the elements?
1) C-N 2) P-F 3) S-O 4) Si-C 5) O-P
ANS: 2

252. Which of the following compounds would you expect to be polar?

1) II and IV 3) I, III and IV

2) I and III 4) II only 5) all of them
ANS: 5

253. Which molecules have molecular dipoles?

1) A and D only 3) C and E only

2) B and D only 4) B, C and E only 5) all of them
ANS: 4

254. Which molecule has the shortest distance between its two carbon atoms?

ANS: 3

255. A reasonable electron dot representation of HSO3-1 is:

ANS: 3

256. The formula for the cyanamide ion is CN2-2. The best Lewis structure is:

ANS: 5

257. Which of the following is a correct orbital representation of hydrogen sulfide, H2S?

ANS: 5

258. Which of the following compounds would you expect to have molecular dipoles?

1) A and B only 3) C and E only

2) B and D only 4) C, D and E only 5) all of them
ANS: 4

259. Which represents a polar molecule?

ANS: 1

260. The correct orbital representation of SbH3 is:

ANS: 5

261. Which of the following is the best representation showing the shape of the
AlBr3 molecule?

ANS: 5

262. Cyanic acid contains one each of the following atoms: C, H, O, N. Which is the
best electron dot representation?

ANS: 1

263. Butylene has the formula C4H8 and contains one double bond. Which of these is not
a possible structure for butylene?

ANS: 5

264. Which electron dot representation for the substances listed below is incorret?

ANS: 3

265. Which structure is the best representation showing the shape of an AsC13 molecule?
ANS: 1

266. Which one of the following best represents the electron dot diagram for AsH3?

ANS: 1

267. The correct electron dot representation for hypochlorous acid is most likely to be:

ANS: 5

268. Which is the Lewis electron-dot diagram for PH3?

ANS: 3

269. The property of a molecule of shifting its electronic structure between two
or more different patterns is called 1) displacement; 2) equilibrium;
3) reduction; 4) catalysis; 5) resonance.
ANS: 5

270. The concept of resonance explains molecular structures

1) which are formed from hybridized orbitals.
2) which have several different known structures.
3) which have electrons resonating back and forth.
4) which have no suitable single electron-dot formula.
5) for which laboratory data suggest that no reasonable arrangement exist.
ANS: 4
271. Which of these statements about solid NaC1 is false?
1) Within the crystal, each Na ion is surrounded by Cl ions.
2) The bonding in NaC1 crystals is strong.
3) Each chloride ion is surrounded by Na ions in a crystal.
4) Each Na ion is attracted to Cl ions because of their opposite charges.
5) Each Na ion is bonded tightly to only one Cl ion, forming molecules of NaCl
within the crystal.
ANS: 5

272. Atoms of an element Y have the ground state electron configuration

1s2 2s22p6 3s23p1. The element Y will most likely form a compound with oxygen
having the formula 1) YO; 2) YO2; 3) Y2O3; 4) Y3O2; 5) Y2O.
ANS: 3

273. The geometry of the SO3 molecule is best described as

1) trigonal planar. 3) square pyramidal.
2) trigonal pyramidal. 4) bent. 5) tetrahedral.
ANS: 1

274. Which term best describes the molecular geometry of ethylene, C2H4 ?
1) Cubic 3) Planar
2) Linear 4) Bipyramidal 5) Bitetrahedral
ANS: 3

275. What is the molecular shape of the SF3- ion?

1) trigonal planar 3) T-shaped
2) trigonal pyramidal 4) tetrahedral 5) trigonal bipyramidal
ANS: 3

276. Write the structural formula (on scratch paper) for the structure of a nitrate ion,
NO3-. Determine its molecular shape and then select one of the following:
1) linear 3) pyramidal
2) angular 4) tetrahedral 5) trigonal planar
(triangular)
ANS: 5

277. Write the structural formula (on scratch paper) for carbon disulfide, CS2.
Determine its molecular shape, and then select the appropriate answer below.
1) Linear 2) Angular 3) Pyramidal 4) Tetrahedral 5) Trigonal planar
ANS: 1

278. Which has a planar configuration?

1) C1O3- 2) NO3- 3) PH3 4) CO2 5) NH4+
ANS: 2

279. Write the structural formula (on scratch paper) for a sulfate ion, SO4-2.
Determine its molecular shape and then select the appropriate one below.
1) Linear 3) Pyramidal 5) Trigonal planar
2) Angular 4) Tetrahedral (triangular)
ANS: 4
280. Write the structural formula (on scratch paper) for a borohydride ion, BH4-.
Identify its molecular shape and then select the appropriate answer below.
1) Linear 3) Tetrahedral 5) Trigonal planar
2) Angular 4) Pyramidal (triangular)
ANS: 3

281. Write the structural formula (on scratch paper) for the structure carbon tetrafluoride,
CF4. Predict its molecular shape and then select one of the following:
1) Linear 3) Pyramidal 5) Trigonal planar
2) Angular 4) Tetrahedral (triangular)
ANS: 4

282. Which of the following molecules would be tetrahedral?

1) SO2 2) SiH4 3) SF4 4) BC13 5) XeF4
ANS: 2

283. Write the structural formula (on scratch paper) for the structure arsine, AsH3.
Determine its molecular shape and then select one of the following:
1) Linear 3) Pyramidal 5) Trigonal planar
2) Angular 4) Tetrahedral (triangular)
ANS: 3

284. The shape of a chloroform molecule, CHCl3, is

1) linear. 3) octahedral.
2) cubical. 4) tetrahedral. 5) planar triangular.
ANS: 4

285. The shapes of BF3 and NF3 molecules are

1) trigonal planar. 3) different. 5) typical of
2) pyramidal. 4) tetrahedral. hydrogen bonding.
ANS: 3

286. Write the structural formula (on scratch paper) for hydrogen telluride, H2Te.
Identify its molecular shape and then select the appropriate answer below.
1) Linear 3) Pyramidal 5) Trigonal planar
2) Angular 4) Tetrahedral (triangular)
ANS: 2

287. Which decribes the geometry of CaI2 molecules?

1) bent 3) pyramidal 5) trigonal planar
2) linear 4) tetrahedral (triangular)
ANS: 2

288. What is the most likely shape for a chloroborate ion, BC14- ?
1) Linear 3) Square planar
2) Tetrahedral 4) Trigonal planar 5) Angular
ANS: 2

289. For the following molecules use their electron configurations to predict
which geometric configuration is not correct.
1) PI3 trigonal planar 3) CHC13 irregular tetrahedron
2) SiBr4 tetrahedral 4) SI2 bent (v-shaped) 5) HI linear
ANS: 1

290. Which term describes the shape of the per-fluoroammonium ion, NF4+ ?
1) Linear 3) Square planar
2) Tetrahedral 4) Trigonal planar 5) Square pyramidal
ANS: 2

291. For the following molecules use their electron configurations to predict which
geometric structure is not correct.
1) RbI linear 3) BaCl2 linear 5) GaBr3
2) SeBr2 bent (v-shaped) 4) CC13H irregular tetrahedron pyramidal
ANS: 5

292. The arrangement of atoms in H2Se is best described as

1) ring; 2) bent; 3) linear; 4) spherical; 5) normal complex.
ANS: 2

293. Which of the following is not true for both CH4 and NH4+ ?
1) Both are tetrahedral. 3) Both are ionically bonded.
2) Both are covalently bonded. 4) Both are symmetrical. 5) none of these.
ANS: 3

294. Which of the following has two different bond angles in the same molecule?
1) tetrahedron 3) trigonal bipyramid
2) linear molecule 4) octahedron 5) trigonal planar
ANS: 3

295. The geometry of the nitrate ion, NO3-, is best described as a

1) tetrahedron. 3) linear structure.
2) trigonal bipyramid. 4) triangular planar structure 5) square pyramid.
ANS: 4