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Basic zoonotic
zoonotic addressing learnt
Concept diseases
diseases zoonotic
diseases
Basic Concept
Zooneses are diseases of vertebrate animals
that can be transmitted to man: either directly
or indirectly through an insect vector.
When an insect vector is involved, the disease
is also known as an arboviral disease.
.
.
>70% of emerging infectious diseases in people
actually come from animals.
Some of these diseases start in wildlife that is
Environmental pollution
Climate change
Agricultural practices
What constitutes zoonoses
More
Morethan
than200
200zoonoses
zoonosesdescribed
describedworldwide
worldwide
Caused by different types of causative agents
Taeniasis Variant
Anthrax Rabies
Dermatophytoses Toxoplasmosis Creutzfeldt-Jakob
Plague Avian influenza
Shigellosis Sporotrichosis Disease (vCJD)
Crimean-Congo
Hemorrhagic fever
Ebola
Rift Valley fever
List of Zoonotic Disease
Disease[20] Pathogen(s) Animals involved Mode of transmission
commonly grazing
by ingestion, inhalation
herbivores such as
Anthrax Bacillus anthracis or skin contact of
cattle, sheep, goats,
spores
camels, horses, and pigs
Influenza A virus wild birds, domesticated
Bird flu close contact
subtype H5N1 birds such as chickens
Brucellosis Brucella spp. cattle, goats infected milk or meat
Bartonella
bites or scratches from
Cat-scratch disease henselae, Bartonella cats
infected cats
quintana
Clamydiosis / Enzootic domestic livestock, close contact with
Chlamydophila abortus
abortion particularly sheep postpartum ewes
List of Zoonotic Disease
Disease[20] Pathogen(s) Animals involved Mode of transmission
Clamydiosis / Enzootic domestic livestock, close contact with
Chlamydophila abortus
abortion particularly sheep postpartum ewes
varies (sometimes
Other haemorrhagic unknown) commonly infection usually occurs
Varies
fevers (Marburg,, Lassa camels, hares, hedgehogs, through direct contact
commonly viruses
etc cattle, sheep, goats, horses with infected animals
and swine
Campylobacter
Foodborne illnesses animals domesticated for
spp., Escherichia raw and/or undercooked
(commonly diarrheal food production (cattle,
coli,Salmonella spp., Shigella food made from animals
diseases poultry)
spp. and Trichinellaspp.
List of Zoonotic Disease
horses, pigs, domestic and
wild birds, wild aquatic
droplets transmitted
Influenza Influenza A virus mammals such as seals
through air
and whales, minks and
farmed carnivores
direct or indirect contact
Leptospirosis Leptospira interrogans rats, mice, dogs with urine of infected
animals
macaws, cockatiels,
budgerigars, pigeons,
Psittacosis Chlamydophila psittaci sparrows, ducks, hens, contact with bird droplets
gulls and many other bird
species
commonly dogs, bats,
monkeys, raccoons, foxes, through saliva by biting,
Rabies Rabies virus skunks, cattle, wolves, or through scratches from
coyotes, mongooses and an infected animal
cats
Strategic approach to addressing
zoonotic diseases
Emergency
Acceleration of preparedness
Scaling up of IHR
Surveillance and response
implementation capabilities
Promote cross-
sectoral Enhance Advocacy for
strategic resource
collaboration
and partnership communication mobilization
Research
International Health Regulation (IHR)
Foster global partnerships
Strengthen national disease prevention, surveillance,
control and response systems
Strengthen public health security in travel and
transport
Strengthen WHO global alert and response systems
Strengthen the management of specific risks
Sustain rights, obligations and procedures
Conduct studies and monitor progress
Thank you